| Larinus turbinatus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Larinus turbinatus on thistle flower | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Infraorder: | Cucujiformia |
| Family: | Curculionidae |
| Genus: | Larinus |
| Species: | L. turbinatus |
| Binomial name | |
| Larinus turbinatus Gyllenhal, 1835 | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Larinus turbinatus is a species of true weevil in the family of beetles known as Curculionidae. [2] [3] [4]
The genus name Larínus (from ancient Greek λαρίνος, fat ) refers to the rounded body shape. The Latin species name turbinātus, means "cone-shaped" and refers to the shape of the snout.
This species is native to western Palaearctic and it is present in southern and central Europe (Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Republic of Moldova, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine and Yugoslavia), [5] Caucasus, western Russia, Asia Minor, Central Asia, Siberia and North Africa. It has been introduced in United States. [6] [7]
These warmth-loving weevils manly occur on open, warm slopes, in grassland, wet meadows and pastures, where thistles are also present. [6]
Larinus turbinatus can reach a body length of about 4.00–9.00 mm (0.157–0.354 in). [1] [6] These weevils have a robust, oval, black body with a with many patches of gray setae, that appear yellowish by a yellowish secretion and adhering pollen. Its antennae are short with conspicuous clubs. The female's head and rostrum are blacker than those of the male.
The pronotum is transverse, rounded and strongly punctured, with tapering lateral margins. The elytra are irregularly covered with hair and finely striate. They are wider than the pronotum and have a rounded apex. The rostrum is robust, short and straight, conically tapering to apex. It shows a latero ventral ridge with a longitudinal groove. This species is similar in size and can be confused with Larinus carlinae .
The females of Larinus turbinatus lay five to six eggs per day, each on one flower bud. If occurs that several females lay the eggs on the same flower head. The stronger larvae kill the weaker larvae, so that in the last larval stage, there is usually only one larva per flower. [8] Pupation also takes place in the thistle blossom.
These diurnal weevils are oligophagous on various thistle species of the genera Carduus and Cirsium (family Asteraceae, tribe Cardueae), especially on Marsh Thistle ( Cirsium palustre ), Creeping Thistle ( Cirsium arvense ), Musk Thistle ( Carduus nutans ) and Cabbage Thistle ( Cirsium oleraceum ). They are occasionally observed on Silybum, Onopordum and Centaurea species. [1] [3] [6]
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera and 83,000 species described worldwide. They are the sister group to the family Brentidae.
Weevils are beetles belonging to the superfamily Curculionoidea, known for their elongated snouts. They are usually small – less than 6 mm in length – and herbivorous. Approximately 97,000 species of weevils are known. They belong to several families, with most of them in the family Curculionidae. It also includes bark beetles, which while morphologically dissimilar to other weevils in lacking the distinctive snout, is a subfamily of Curculionidae. Some other beetles, although not closely related, bear the name "weevil", such as the biscuit weevil, which belongs to the family Ptinidae.
The beetle subfamily Curculioninae is part of the weevil family Curculionidae. It contains over 23,500 described species in 2,200 genera, and is therefore the largest weevil subfamily. Given that the beetle order (Coleoptera) contains about one-quarter of all known organisms, the Curculioninae represent one of the – if not the – most successful radiations of terrestrial Metazoa.
Larinus is a genus of true weevils, comprising about 180 species, mostly in the Palaearctic region with some species introduced to North America. Turkey appears to have a significant diversity of the group, with more than 50 species recorded in the eastern part of the country.
Rhinocyllus conicus is a species of true weevil. It is best known as a controversial agent of biological pest control which has been used against noxious thistles in the genera Carduus, Cirsium, Onopordum, and Silybum.
Trichosirocalus horridus is a species of true weevil, native to Europe. It is a biological pest control agent that was introduced into the United States in 1974 to control exotic thistles, especially in the Cirsium and Carduus genera.
Larinus pollinis is a species of cylindrical weevils belonging to the family Curculionidae and the subfamily Lixinae.
Anchylorhynchus is a genus of weevils belonging the family Curculionidae and subfamily Curculioninae. It currently includes 25 described species distributed from Panama to Argentina. Members of the genus are pollinators of palms in the genera Syagrus, Oenocarpus and Butia, with adults living in inflorescences and larvae feeding on developing fruits. The first instar larvae of Anchylorhynchus have an unusual morphology, being specialized on killing other larvae infesting the palm fruits.
Hypera postica, commonly known as the alfalfa weevil, is a species of beetle in the superfamily Curculionoidea; it can be found in alfalfa fields throughout Europe. Considered a destructive threat to alfalfa production in North America, several accidental introductions have been successfully countered though the use of a variety of biological control species.
Apion apricans is a species of seed weevils native to Europe. It is widespread everywhere. Damages clover and wild. The beetle is 3–3.5 mm in size, black, with a metallic hue, the body is pear-shaped, the legs are partially yellow; rostrum long, almost straight; apex of antennae black, base - red. Egg - 0.3-0.5 mm, yellowish, long, smooth. Larva 2–2.5 mm, white with a creamy hue, curved, dark brown head, on the upper jaws on each side of three growths, the middle of them increased; instead of legs six pairs of small knolls. Pupa 3–3.5 mm, yellowish white.
Otiorhynchus meridionalis, the lilac root weevil, is a species of broad-nosed weevil in the family Curculionidae. It is found in North America. Lilac root weevils are shiny, brownish-black beetles, about 0.25 inches (0.6 cm) with long snout (rostrum) and geniculate (elbowed) antennae. They are common landscape pests, feeding on lilac, euonymous and peonies.
Geraeus picumnus is a species of flower weevil in the family of beetles known as Curculionidae.
Hadroplontus litura, the Canada thistle stem weevil, is a species of minute seed weevil in the family of beetles known as Curculionidae.
Hadroplontus is a genus of minute seed weevils in the family of beetles known as Curculionidae. There are at least two described species in Hadroplontus.
Rhinoncomimus latipes, the mile-a-minute weevil, is a species of weevil in the family of beetles known as Curculionidae.
Hadromeropsis is a genus of broad-nosed weevils in the beetle family Curculionidae.
Lyperobius hudsoni is a flightless weevil found in alpine areas of Central Otago and Otago Lakes in the South Island of New Zealand.
Lixus pulverulentus is a species of weevil belonging to the family Curculionidae. The species was scientifically described in 1763 by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli as Curculio pulverulentus Scopoli, 1763.
Sphenophorus brunnipennis is a beetle in the Dryophthoridae family.
Larinus sturnus is a species of cylindrical weevils belonging to the family Curculionidae, subfamily Lixinae.
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