Leadership opinion polling for the 2011 Spanish general election

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In the run up to the 2011 Spanish general election, various organisations carried out opinion polling to gauge the opinions that voters hold towards political leaders. Results of such polls are displayed in this article. The date range for these opinion polls is from the previous general election, held on 9 March 2008, to the day the next election was held, on 20 November 2011.

Contents

Preferred prime minister

The table below lists opinion polling on leader preferences to become prime minister.

Rubalcaba vs. Rajoy

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample size Alfredo Perez Rubalcaba 2012b (cropped).jpg Mariano Rajoy 2012b (cropped).jpg Other/
None/
Not
care		Blue question mark (italic).svgLead
Pérez
Rubalcaba
PSOE 		Rajoy
PP
GESOP/El Periódico [1] 7–12 Nov 20112,07033.744.7––11.0
Opinión 2000/Cadena SER [2] 9–10 Nov 20111,00030.841.117.111.010.3
Noxa/La Vanguardia [3] 7–10 Nov 20111,27531.044.022.03.013.0
TNS Demoscopia/CEMOP [4] 2–7 Nov 20111,50542.244.510.23.22.3
CIS [5] 6–23 Oct 201117,23636.938.818.75.51.9
Obradoiro de Socioloxía/Público [6] 17–20 Oct 20111,80034.336.722.96.02.4
Metroscopia/El País [7] 11–13 Oct 20111,50036.043.0–21.07.0
Noxa/La Vanguardia [8] 28 Sep–4 Oct 20111,27237.044.017.02.07.0
GESOP/El Periódico [9] 19–22 Sep 20111,00033.742.5––8.8
Opinión 2000/Cadena SER [10] 7–8 Sep 20111,00034.139.113.613.25.0
Metroscopia/El País [11] 7–8 Sep 20111,00240.035.0–25.05.0
Metroscopia/El País [12] 27–28 Jul 20111,20345.037.0–18.08.0
CIS [13] 4–11 Jul 20112,47539.931.919.48.88.0
Metroscopia/El País [14] 29–30 Jun 20111,00144.036.0–20.08.0
Opinión 2000/Cadena SER [15] 20–21 Jun 20111,00035.139.312.912.74.2
Metroscopia/El País [16] 1–2 Jun 20111,00142.036.0–22.06.0
GESOP/El Periódico [9] 30 May–1 Jun 20111,00040.835.4––5.4
Opinión 2000/Cadena SER [17] 6–7 Apr 20111,00044.739.112.83.45.6
InvyMark/laSexta [18] [19] 2 Apr 2011?57.131.6––25.5

Chacón vs. Rajoy

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample size Carme Chacon 2010 (cropped).jpg Mariano Rajoy 2012b (cropped).jpg Other/
None/
Not
care		Blue question mark (italic).svgLead
Chacón
PSOE 		Rajoy
PP
Opinión 2000/Cadena SER [17] 6–7 Apr 20111,00045.839.810.83.76.0
InvyMark/laSexta [18] 2 Apr 2011?56.931.9––25.0

Zapatero vs. Rajoy

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample size Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero 2011c (cropped).jpg Mariano Rajoy 2012b (cropped).jpg Other/
None/
Not
care		Blue question mark (italic).svgLead
Rodríguez
Zapatero
PSOE 		Rajoy
PP
Opina/Cadena SER [20] 1–2 Feb 20111,00032.740.417.29.77.7
Opina/Cadena SER [21] 12–13 Jan 20111,00033.236.920.610.33.7
GESOP/El Periódico [22] 15–17 Dec 20101,00028.239.5––11.3
Opina/Cadena SER [23] 28–29 Oct 20101,00037.139.115.08.82.0
Opina/Cadena SER [24] 7–8 Oct 20101,00031.138.518.811.67.4
Opina/Cadena SER [25] 30–31 Aug 20101,00033.436.819.310.63.4
Metroscopia/El País [26] 2 Jun 201050637.038.023.03.01.0
GESOP/El Periódico [27] 17–21 May 20101,50031.334.3––3.0
GESOP/El Periódico [28] 14–17 Dec 20091,50038.132.4––5.7
GESOP/El Periódico [29] 11–15 May 20091,50045.334.3––11.0
GESOP/El Periódico [30] 12–13 Feb 200980048.626.3––22.3
GESOP/El Periódico [31] 20–24 Oct 20081,50046.529.5––17.0
Opina/Cadena SER [32] 26 Jun 20081,00040.833.912.612.76.9
Opina/Cadena SER [33] 12 Jun 20081,00044.331.017.07.713.3
GESOP/El Periódico [31] 26–30 May 20081,50052.624.7––27.9

Predicted prime minister

The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood for each leader to become prime minister.

Rubalcaba vs. Rajoy

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample size Alfredo Perez Rubalcaba 2012b (cropped).jpg Mariano Rajoy 2012b (cropped).jpg Other/
None/
Not
care		Blue question mark (italic).svgLead
Pérez
Rubalcaba
PSOE 		Rajoy
PP
Opinión 2000/Cadena SER [2] 9–10 Nov 20111,0005.186.10.97.981.0
Obradoiro de Socioloxía/Público [6] 17–20 Oct 20111,8004.785.00.49.880.3
Celeste-Tel/Terra [34] 3–8 Oct 20111,35712.775.2––62.5
Opinión 2000/Cadena SER [10] 7–8 Sep 20111,0008.479.00.612.070.6
Opinión 2000/Cadena SER [15] 20–21 Jun 20111,00011.676.11.610.764.5
Metroscopia/El País [35] 7 Jan 201050436.039.05.020.03.0

Chacón vs. Rajoy

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample size Carme Chacon 2010 (cropped).jpg Mariano Rajoy 2012b (cropped).jpg Other/
None/
Not
care		Blue question mark (italic).svgLead
Chacón
PSOE 		Rajoy
PP
Metroscopia/El País [35] 7 Jan 201050434.048.02.016.012.0

Zapatero vs. Rajoy

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample size Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero 2011c (cropped).jpg Mariano Rajoy 2012b (cropped).jpg Other/
None/
Not
care		Blue question mark (italic).svgLead
Rodríguez
Zapatero
PSOE 		Rajoy
PP
Opina/Cadena SER [20] 1–2 Feb 20111,00015.266.64.413.851.4
Opina/Cadena SER [21] 12–13 Jan 20111,00017.566.13.812.648.6
Opina/Cadena SER [23] 28–29 Oct 20101,00025.559.91.712.934.4
Opina/Cadena SER [24] 7–8 Oct 20101,00018.665.62.013.847.0
Opina/Cadena SER [25] 30–31 Aug 20101,00023.457.93.115.634.5
Metroscopia/El País [36] 28–29 Oct 200950138.044.018.06.0
Opina/Cadena SER [32] 26 Jun 20081,00051.529.42.017.122.1
Opina/Cadena SER [33] 12 Jun 20081,00061.619.71.916.841.9

Rubalcaba vs. Gallardón

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample size Alfredo Perez Rubalcaba 2012b (cropped).jpg Ruiz Gallardon 2005.jpg Other/
None/
Not
care		Blue question mark (italic).svgLead
Pérez
Rubalcaba
PSOE 		Ruiz-
Gallardón
PP
Metroscopia/El País [37] 3–4 Feb 201050024.054.04.018.030.0

Zapatero vs. Gallardón

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample size Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero 2011c (cropped).jpg Ruiz Gallardon 2005.jpg Other/
None/
Not
care		Blue question mark (italic).svgLead
Rodríguez
Zapatero
PSOE 		Ruiz-
Gallardón
PP
Metroscopia/El País [36] 28–29 Oct 200950128.056.016.028.0

Zapatero vs. Aguirre

Polling firm/CommissionerFieldwork dateSample size Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero 2011c (cropped).jpg Esperanza Aguirre (cropped).jpg Other/
None/
Not
care		Blue question mark (italic).svgLead
Rodríguez
Zapatero
PSOE 		Aguirre
PP
Metroscopia/El País [36] 28–29 Oct 200950153.033.014.020.0

Leader ratings

The table below lists opinion polling on leader ratings, on a 0–10 scale: 0 would stand for a "terrible" rating, whereas 10 would stand for "excellent".

Approval ratings

The tables below list the public approval ratings of the leaders and leading candidates of the main political parties in Spain.

Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba

José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero

Mariano Rajoy

Gaspar Llamazares

Cayo Lara

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References

  1. ↑ "El candidato del PP se impone al del PSOE en el duelo directo". El Periódico Mediterráneo (in Spanish). 13 November 2011.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Pulsómetro 14/11/11" (PDF). Instituto de Opinión 2000 (in Spanish). 14 November 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2011.
  3. 1 2 "El PP se acerca a los 190 escaños y el PSOE no se asegura ni 120". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 13 November 2011.
  4. 1 2 "II Encuesta Preelectoral. Elecciones Generales 2011. 20 Noviembre" (PDF). CEMOP (in Spanish). 11 November 2011.
  5. 1 2 "Preelectoral elecciones generales, 2011 (Estudio nº 2915. Octubre 2011)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 4 November 2011.
  6. 1 2 3 "Rubalcaba y Rajoy empatan en la calificación de los ciudadanos". Público (in Spanish). 24 October 2011. Archived from the original on 25 October 2011. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  7. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (28ª oleada. Octubre 2011)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 20 October 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  8. 1 2 "Holgada mayoría absoluta del PP". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 9 October 2011.
  9. 1 2 3 "El líder del PP sale también vencedor en el cara a cara". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 26 September 2011.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 "Pulsómetro 12/09/11" (PDF). Instituto de Opinión 2000 (in Spanish). 12 September 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 October 2011.
  11. ↑ "Clima Social de España (27ª oleada. Septiembre 2011)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 12 September 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  12. 1 2 3 "Clima Social de España (26ª oleada. Agosto 2011)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 8 August 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  13. 1 2 "Barómetro de julio 2011 (Estudio nº 2909. Julio 2011)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 27 July 2011.
  14. 1 2 3 4 "Clima Social de España (25ª oleada. Julio 2011)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 11 July 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 "Pulsómetro 27/06/11" (PDF). Instituto de Opinión 2000 (in Spanish). 27 June 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 September 2011.
  16. 1 2 3 "Clima Social de España (24ª oleada. Junio 2011)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 6 June 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 "Pulsómetro 11/04/11" (PDF). Instituto de Opinión 2000 (in Spanish). 11 April 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 May 2011.
  18. 1 2 "Rajoy perdería también contra Rubalcaba y Chacón". Público (in Spanish). 2 April 2011.
  19. ↑ "La Sexta ya ve al PSOE ganador". Libertad Digital (in Spanish). 2 April 2011.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 "Pulsómetro 04/02/11" (PDF). Instituto Opina (in Spanish). 4 February 2011. Archived from the original on 9 April 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 "Pulsómetro 17/01/11" (PDF). Instituto Opina (in Spanish). 17 January 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 November 2011.
  22. 1 2 "Rajoy consolida la ventaja como mejor candidato a presidente". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 24 December 2010.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 "Pulsómetro 02/11/10" (PDF). Instituto Opina (in Spanish). 2 November 2010. Archived from the original on 22 November 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 "Pulsómetro 13/10/10". Cadena SER (in Spanish). 13 October 2010. Archived from the original on 16 October 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 "Pulsómetro 01/09/10" (PDF). Instituto Opina (in Spanish). 1 September 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2010.
  26. 1 2 3 "Clima Social de España (12ª oleada. Junio 2010)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 14 June 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
  27. ↑ "Rajoy supera por primera vez a Zapatero como líder preferido". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 29 May 2010.
  28. ↑ "Rajoy gana a Zapatero en nota pero no repunta en liderazgo". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 21 December 2009.
  29. ↑ "Zapatero gana a Rajoy pero ambos líderes suspenden". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 24 May 2009.
  30. ↑ "Los españoles suspenden a Zapatero por primera vez". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 21 February 2009.
  31. 1 2 3 "Zapatero aún saca mejor nota y es el preferido como presidente". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 2 November 2008.
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 "Pulsómetro 01/07/2008". Cadena SER (in Spanish). 1 July 2008. Archived from the original on 5 July 2008.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 "Pulsómetro 16/06/2008". Cadena SER (in Spanish). 16 June 2008. Archived from the original on 19 June 2008.
  34. 1 2 "La crisis, el paro y la abstención condenan al PSOE y dan mayoría absoluta al PP". Terra (in Spanish). 2 November 2011. Archived from the original on 4 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  35. 1 2 3 4 "Clima Social de España (7ª oleada. Enero 2010)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 14 January 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  36. 1 2 3 4 5 "Clima Social de España (5ª oleada. Noviembre 2009)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 9 November 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  37. 1 2 3 "Clima Social de España (8ª oleada. Febrero 2010)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 8 February 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  38. ↑ "El PP va como un tiro". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 13 November 2011.
  39. ↑ "Mayoría abrumadora para el PP y debacle socialista, según los sondeos". El Mundo (in Spanish). 13 November 2011.
  40. ↑ "Rajoy sacaría 15,5 puntos a Rubalcaba". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 13 November 2011. Archived from the original on 14 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  41. ↑ "Clima Social de España (29ª oleada. Noviembre 2011)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 15 November 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  42. 1 2 3 "Rajoy logra la mayoría absoluta, con hasta 190 diputados, y el PSOE pierde más de 40 escaños". La Nueva España (in Spanish). 13 November 2011. Archived from the original on 15 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  43. 1 2 "BARÓMETRO DE LA SEXTA. 06/11/2011 Encuesta INVYMARK". YouTube (in Spanish). 6 November 2011.
  44. ↑ "El fin de ETA mejora la imagen de Rubalcaba, pero no le da votos". El País (in Spanish). 29 October 2011.
  45. ↑ "Más de un millón de los votantes del PSOE se ha pasado ya al PP". El Mundo (in Spanish). 23 October 2011.
  46. ↑ "Tendencias electorales 2011. Giro a la derecha sin base sociológica" (PDF). Fundación Sistema (in Spanish). 29 October 2011. Archived from the original on 25 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  47. ↑ "Encuesta Nacional. Elecciones Generales 2011. Liderazgo Político" (PDF). CEMOP (in Spanish). 14 October 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 February 2015.
  48. ↑ "El PP aumenta a 15,6 puntos su ventaja respecto al PSOE". El Mundo (in Spanish). 2 October 2011.
  49. ↑ "El PP afianza su mejor resultado". La Razón (in Spanish). 2 October 2011. Archived from the original on 4 October 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  50. ↑ "Rajoy barre a Rubalcaba y bate el récord de Aznar". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 26 September 2011.
  51. ↑ "El PP aventaja en 14,8 puntos al PSOE a dos meses y medio del 20-N". El Mundo (in Spanish). 4 September 2011.
  52. ↑ "Rubalcaba dejaría al PSOE en 117 escaños, la peor cifra de su historia". La Razón (in Spanish). 28 August 2011. Archived from the original on 4 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  53. ↑ "Mayoría absoluta para Rajoy con 12,6 puntos de ventaja". ABC (in Spanish). 7 August 2011.
  54. ↑ "Rajoy noquea a Rubalcaba". La Razón (in Spanish). 30 July 2011. Archived from the original on 4 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  55. ↑ "Cadena COPE. Barómetro de Julio 2011" (PDF). GAD (in Spanish). 7 July 2011. Archived from the original on 23 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  56. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 "Sondeo 'La Opinión Pública de los Españoles' (ASEP, España)". Banco de datos ASEP/JDS (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  57. ↑ "Cadena COPE. Barómetro de Junio 2011" (PDF). GAD (in Spanish). 9 June 2011. Archived from the original on 23 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  58. ↑ "Rubalcaba tampoco salva al PSOE". El Mundo (in Spanish). 5 June 2011.
  59. ↑ "Rajoy ganaría las elecciones por 15,7 puntos frente a Rubalcaba". La Razón (in Spanish). 6 June 2011. Archived from the original on 8 June 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  60. 1 2 "Rajoy gusta más que Rubalcaba". La Razón (in Spanish). 6 June 2011.
  61. ↑ "El PSOE acorta la distancia en 5 puntos y se sitúa a 9 del PP". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 3 June 2011.
  62. ↑ "Rajoy ganaría por mayoría absoluta en 2012". El Correo (in Spanish). 1 May 2011.
  63. ↑ "El adiós de Zapatero no revive al PSOE". La Razón (in Spanish). 24 April 2011. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  64. ↑ "El PSOE reduce la ventaja del PP a 2,3 puntos". Público (in Spanish). 25 April 2011. Archived from the original on 27 April 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  65. ↑ "Barómetro de abril 2011 (Estudio nº 2885. Abril 2011)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 29 April 2011.
  66. ↑ "El PSOE reduce a la mitad la ventaja del PP tras anunciar Zapatero que no repetirá". El Mundo (in Spanish). 10 April 2011.
  67. ↑ "Cadena COPE. Barómetro de Abril 2011" (PDF). GAD (in Spanish). 7 April 2011. Archived from the original on 28 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  68. ↑ "El PSOE baja a 124 escaños y el PP sube hasta los 187". La Razón (in Spanish). 4 April 2011. Archived from the original on 8 May 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  69. 1 2 3 "La valoración de Zapatero y Rajoy se estanca". Público (in Spanish). 28 March 2011. Archived from the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  70. 1 2 3 "Zapatero y Rajoy mejoran su valoración". Público (in Spanish). 28 February 2011. Archived from the original on 1 March 2011. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  71. ↑ "El PP aventaja en 15 puntos al PSOE en intención de voto". Antena 3 (in Spanish). 24 February 2011. Archived from the original on 27 February 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  72. 1 2 3 "La nota de Zapatero sigue bajo mínimos". Público (in Spanish). 24 January 2011. Archived from the original on 27 January 2011. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  73. ↑ "Barómetro de enero 2011 (Estudio nº 2859. Enero 2011)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 8 February 2011.
  74. ↑ "El líder popular, mejor valorado". ABC (in Spanish). 9 January 2011.
  75. 1 2 3 "La confianza en Zapatero sigue cayendo". Público (in Spanish). 20 December 2010. Archived from the original on 23 December 2010. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  76. ↑ "El cambio en el Gobierno tira fuerte del PSOE". Público (in Spanish). 15 November 2010. Archived from the original on 18 November 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  77. ↑ "El PP roza la mayoría absoluta tras los relevos en el Gobierno del PSOE". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 31 October 2010.
  78. ↑ "Barómetro de octubre 2010 (Estudio nº 2847. Octubre 2010)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 5 November 2010.
  79. ↑ "El 29-S hundió más al PSOE frente al PP". ABC (in Spanish). 6 November 2010.
  80. ↑ "Brecha histórica entre PP y PSOE". Público (in Spanish). 11 October 2010. Archived from the original on 12 October 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  81. ↑ "Barómetro de julio 2010 (Estudio nº 2843. Julio 2010)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 4 August 2010.
  82. ↑ "Rajoy llega al Debate de la Nación con un pie en la mayoría absoluta". La Razón (in Spanish). 12 July 2010. Archived from the original on 16 July 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  83. ↑ "Rajoy ganaría por más de dos millones de votos a Zapatero". La Razón (in Spanish). 31 May 2010. Archived from the original on 2 June 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  84. ↑ "El PP capitaliza el desgaste del tijeretazo". Público (in Spanish). 14 June 2010. Archived from the original on 19 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  85. ↑ "El PSOE cae y queda a 6,3 puntos del PP". Público (in Spanish). 24 May 2010. Archived from the original on 26 December 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  86. 1 2 3 "El PP llega a los 170 diputados". La Razón (in Spanish). 3 May 2010. Archived from the original on 4 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  87. ↑ "Barómetro de abril 2010 (Estudio nº 2834. Abril 2010)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 10 May 2010.
  88. 1 2 3 "El PP multiplica por seis la ventaja con el PSOE en un año". La Razón (in Spanish). 5 April 2010. Archived from the original on 7 April 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  89. ↑ "Una encuesta sitúa al PP a siete escaños de la mayoría absoluta". La Razón (in Spanish). 1 March 2010. Archived from the original on 4 March 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  90. 1 2 3 "Los jóvenes también dan la espalda a Zapatero". La Razón (in Spanish). 8 February 2010. Archived from the original on 10 February 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  91. ↑ "El PP mejora expectativas sin abrir brecha". Público (in Spanish). 1 February 2010. Archived from the original on 15 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  92. ↑ "Barómetro de enero 2010 (Estudio nº 2828. Enero 2010)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 4 February 2010.
  93. 1 2 3 "El PP arranca al PSOE la mayor ventaja desde las últimas elecciones". La Razón (in Spanish). 11 January 2010. Archived from the original on 14 January 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  94. ↑ "Un sondeo que deja muy abierto el desenlace". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 2 January 2010.
  95. ↑ "El PP reduce su ventaja sobre el PSOE al mínimo". Público (in Spanish). 9 December 2009. Archived from the original on 15 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  96. 1 2 3 "El PSOE perdería hasta 18 diputados y 1.766.335 votos". La Razón (in Spanish). 9 December 2009. Archived from the original on 16 March 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  97. ↑ "El PP pierde un tercio de su ventaja". Público (in Spanish). 9 November 2009. Archived from the original on 15 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  98. 1 2 3 "La intención de voto se estanca". Cantabria Imparcial (in Spanish). 2 November 2009. Archived from the original on 19 January 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  99. ↑ "Barómetro de octubre 2009 (Estudio nº 2815. Octubre 2009)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 2 November 2009.
  100. ↑ "El PP amplía hasta 5 puntos su ventaja". Público (in Spanish). 12 October 2009. Archived from the original on 23 May 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  101. ↑ "Un sondeo que pone más cerca la alternancia". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 4 October 2009.
  102. ↑ "Barómetro de julio 2009 (Estudio nº 2811. Julio 2009)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 27 July 2009.
  103. 1 2 3 4 5 "El PP superaría en seis diputados y 456.000 votos al PSOE". La Razón (in Spanish). 6 July 2009. Archived from the original on 7 July 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  104. ↑ "El PP mantiene una ligera ventaja sobre el PSOE". Público (in Spanish). 22 June 2009. Archived from the original on 23 June 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  105. ↑ "El PP acorta distancias en España". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 31 May 2009.
  106. ↑ "El PSOE recorta distancias al PP para las generales". Público (in Spanish). 25 May 2009. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  107. 1 2 3 "El PP ganaría por seis escaños en las generales". La Razón (in Spanish). 5 May 2009. Archived from the original on 7 May 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  108. ↑ "El PP aumenta su ventaja ante el 7-J". Público (in Spanish). 27 April 2009. Archived from the original on 8 May 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  109. ↑ "Barómetro de abril 2009 (Estudio nº 2798. Abril 2009)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 7 May 2009.
  110. 1 2 "La crisis acelera la caída del PSOE y daría la victoria a Rajoy". La Razón (in Spanish). 30 March 2009. Archived from the original on 1 December 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  111. ↑ "La operación Gürtel no pasa factura al PP". Público (in Spanish). 5 April 2009. Archived from the original on 7 April 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  112. 1 2 3 4 5 "PSOE y PP pierden dos millones de votos desde las elecciones". La Razón (in Spanish). 1 February 2009. Archived from the original on 11 December 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  113. ↑ "El PP sufre otra caída y se sitúa a 3,5 puntos del PSOE". Público (in Spanish). 30 January 2009. Archived from the original on 31 January 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  114. ↑ "Barómetro de enero 2009 (Estudio nº 2782. Enero 2009)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 12 February 2009.
  115. 1 2 3 "La crisis pasa factura al PSOE pero el PP volvería a perder las generales". La Razón (in Spanish). 5 January 2009. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  116. ↑ "Encuesta EL MUNDO - SIGMA DOS". El Mundo (in Spanish). 2 January 2009.
  117. 1 2 3 "Un sondeo que sugiere nuevas correlaciones". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 1 January 2009.
  118. ↑ "Zapatero empata con Rosa Díez en valoración". Público (in Spanish). 2 January 2009.
  119. 1 2 3 "El PP supera por primera vez al PSOE en número de diputados desde el 9-M". La Razón (in Spanish). 30 November 2008. Archived from the original on 1 December 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  120. ↑ "Los electores pasan factura al Gobierno por la crisis y ya sitúan al PP por delante". ABC (in Spanish). 24 November 2008.
  121. ↑ "El PSOE se despega otra vez del PP". Público (in Spanish). 1 December 2008. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012.
  122. ↑ "El PP por delante del PSOE según una encuesta de La Razón". Minuto Digital (in Spanish). 3 November 2008. Archived from the original on 6 November 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  123. ↑ "El PSOE frena su caída por la crisis". Público (in Spanish). 3 November 2008. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012.
  124. ↑ "Barómetro de octubre 2008 (Estudio nº 2775. Octubre 2008)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 5 November 2008.
  125. ↑ "El 52,5% de los españoles no quiere que vuelva el PP". Jessferro Blogs (in Spanish). 6 October 2008.
  126. ↑ "El PSOE pierde un millón de votos siete meses después de las elecciones". Hazte Oir (in Spanish). 7 October 2008. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
  127. ↑ "Los dos líderes, en tablas". Público (in Spanish). 28 September 2008. Archived from the original on 29 October 2010. Retrieved 22 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  128. 1 2 3 "Cae la confianza en Zapatero y Rajoy y la imagen del PSOE se desploma". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 21 September 2008.
  129. ↑ "Barómetro de julio 2008 (Estudio nº 2769. Julio 2008)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 1 August 2008.
  130. ↑ "La crisis pasa ya factura a Zapatero". El País (in Spanish). 14 July 2008.
  131. ↑ "Intención de voto". El Mundo (in Spanish). 14 June 2008.
  132. ↑ "Valoración de líderes". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 5 June 2008.
  133. ↑ "Barómetro de abril 2008 (Estudio nº 2761. Abril 2008)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 29 May 2008.
  134. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 "Intención de voto y Popularidad de líderes (noviembre 2011)". Simple Lógica (in Spanish). 19 November 2011.
  135. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (23ª oleada. Mayo 2011)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 9 May 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  136. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (22ª oleada. Abril 2011)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 11 April 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  137. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (21ª oleada. Marzo 2011)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 7 March 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  138. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (20ª oleada. Febrero 2011)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 7 February 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  139. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (19ª oleada. Enero 2011)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 10 January 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  140. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (18ª oleada. Diciembre 2010)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 6 December 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  141. 1 2 "Zapatero apenas mejora en confianza". Público (in Spanish). 15 November 2010. Archived from the original on 19 November 2010. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  142. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (17ª oleada. Noviembre 2010)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 15 November 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  143. 1 2 "El PP logra la mayoría absoluta y el PSOE pierde 3,4 millones de votos". La Razón (in Spanish). 11 October 2010. Archived from the original on 12 October 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  144. 1 2 "Desconfianza en Zapatero y en Rajoy". Público (in Spanish). 11 October 2010. Archived from the original on 12 October 2010. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  145. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (16ª oleada. Octubre 2010)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 11 October 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  146. 1 2 "El PP roza la mayoría absoluta ante un PSOE en caída libre". La Razón (in Spanish). 13 September 2010. Archived from the original on 13 September 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  147. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (15ª oleada. Septiembre 2010)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 13 September 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  148. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (14ª oleada. Agosto 2010)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 9 August 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  149. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (13ª oleada. Julio 2010)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 12 July 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
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  151. 1 2 "Zapatero sufre un nuevo desgaste". Público (in Spanish). 24 May 2010. Archived from the original on 30 December 2010. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  152. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (11ª oleada. Mayo 2010)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 10 May 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  153. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (10ª oleada. Abril 2010)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 12 April 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  154. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (9ª oleada. Marzo 2010)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 8 March 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  155. 1 2 3 "Intención de voto y valoración de líderes (marzo 2010)". Simple Lógica (in Spanish). 5 March 2010.
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  157. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (6ª oleada. Diciembre 2009)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 7 December 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  158. 1 2 "Zapatero y Rajoy toman algo de aire". Público (in Spanish). 9 December 2009. Archived from the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  159. 1 2 "La confianza en Rajoy y Zapatero se desploma". Público (in Spanish). 9 November 2009. Archived from the original on 28 October 2012. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  160. 1 2 3 "Intención de voto y popularidad de líderes (octubre 2009)". Simple Lógica (in Spanish). 19 October 2009.
  161. 1 2 "La mayoría suspende a Zapatero y Rajoy". Público (in Spanish). 12 October 2009. Archived from the original on 30 July 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  162. 1 2 "El PSOE se deja 1.317.335 votos en año y medio de Gobierno". La Razón (in Spanish). 5 October 2009. Archived from the original on 3 January 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
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  164. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (3ª oleada. Julio 2009)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 13 July 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  165. 1 2 "Rajoy sigue sin generar confianza". Público (in Spanish). 22 June 2009. Archived from the original on 23 June 2009. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  166. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (2ª oleada. Junio 2009)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 8 June 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
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  168. 1 2 "Clima Social de España (1ª oleada. Mayo 2009)" (PDF). Metroscopia (in Spanish). 11 May 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  169. 1 2 3 4 "Crece la confianza en Rajoy y Zapatero". Público (in Spanish). 27 April 2009. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  170. 1 2 "Zapatero pierde crédito entre los suyos". Público (in Spanish). 5 April 2009. Archived from the original on 7 April 2009. Retrieved 29 December 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  171. 1 2 3 "Intención de voto y popularidad de líderes (febrero 2009)". Simple Lógica (in Spanish). 19 February 2009.
  172. 1 2 "La derecha da una tregua a Rajoy". Público (in Spanish). 2 January 2009.
  173. 1 2 "Los votantes del PP no confían en Rajoy". Público (in Spanish). 1 December 2008. Archived from the original on 30 July 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  174. 1 2 "La imagen de Rajoy se desploma entre los votantes conservadores". Público (in Spanish). 3 November 2008. Archived from the original on 30 July 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  175. ↑ "Cambios en el fondo del pozo". Público (in Spanish). 3 November 2008. Archived from the original on 30 July 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  176. 1 2 3 "Intención de voto y popularidad de líderes políticos (octubre 2008)". Simple Lógica (in Spanish). 10 October 2008.
  177. 1 2 "El Gobierno socialista suspende en gestión". Público (in Spanish). 28 September 2008. Archived from the original on 2 October 2008. Retrieved 29 December 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  178. ↑ "Rajoy pierde ventaja en las tendencias de voto". Público (in Spanish). 25 May 2009. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
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