List of American truck manufacturers

This is a list of American truck manufacturers.

Contents: 

• Top
• 0–9
• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
• J
• K
• L
• M
• N
• O
• P
• Q
• R
• S
• T
• U
• V
• W
• X
• Y
• Z

0-9

• 4 Guys, Inc ^[1]

A

American LaFrance ladder truck of Gainesville FD

Armleder KW (1918-1922)

Atlantic Trucks (1918)

Atterbury 7C (1919)

• Acason Motor Truck Company (1915-1925) ^[2]
• Ace (1918–1927; also Busses) ^[3]
• Acme Motor Truck Company (1915-1931) ^[4]  · ^[5]
• AEERSA (ambulances, rescue vehicles, fire trucks, 2000–present)
• Alden Sampson
• Alexis Fire Equipment Company (fire trucks, 1947–present)
• Alkane
• Allianz
• AM General
• American (1911–1913)
• American Austin (1929–1934)
• American Bantam (1935–1941)
• American Coleman
• American LaFrance (fire trucks)
• American Truck Company (2003–2007)
• American & British Manufacturing Corporation (fire trucks, ?–1919)
• Armleder & Company (1910-1928) ^[6]
• Atco ^[7]
• Athey
• Atlantic Trucks ^[8]
• Atterbury (1910-1935) ^[9]  · ^[10]  · ^[11]
• Autocar (1897-)
• Available (1910–1957) ^[12]  · ^[13]

B

• BAE Systems
• Bailey
• Baker ^[14]
• Barley
• Barrows (1927-1928) ^[15]
• Beck ^[16]
• Bendix
• Bering
• Bessemer (1911–1926) ^[17]
• Bethlehem (1917–1926)
• Biederman (1920–1955)
• Binghamton Electric (1920)
• Blair (1911–1918) ^[18]
• Bourne (1915–1919)
• Brinton Motor Truck Company ^[19]
• Brockway
• Brodesser (1909–1911)
• Brown
• Bryan (1918–1923)
• Buffalo ^[20]
• Buick
• BYD (garbage trucks) (different models in USA)

C

Caterpillar 740

Chase 1908 delivery wagon, photographed at the Louwman museum, the Netherlands, 2011

Clinton 55-6 (1928)

• Capacity
• Capitol ^[21]
• Caterpillar
• Chase (1907–1919)
• Chevrolet
• Chicago Motor Truck ^[22]
• Chrysler
• Clark ^[23]
• Cline
• Clinton (1920-1934) ^[24]
• Clydesdale Motor Truck Company (1917–1939), formerly Clyde Cars Company
• Colet ^[25]
• Columbia Motor Truck Company ^[26]
• Commerce Motor Truck Company ^[27]
• Commercial Truck Company of America defunct ^[28]
• Corbitt
• Couple-Gear ^[29]
• Crane Carrier(CCC) (1946-2021)
• Crown
• C-T-Electric Commercial Truck Company ^[30]

D

• Dart (1903–1988) ^[31]
• Davis ^[32]
• Day-Elder Motors Corporation ^[33]
• Dayton ^[34]
• Defiance-Century Motor Truck Company
• Dempster
• Denby Motor Truck Company ^[35]  · ^[36]
• Desberon (1901–1904)
• DeSoto (fire trucks)
• Diamond Reo (1967–1995)
• Diamond T (1911–1966)
• Divco
• Dodge
• Dorris ^[37]
• Duplex (1916–1955) ^[38]  · ^[39]

E

• E-One
• Eagle ^[40]
• Edison Motors
• Elgin
• Elk (1913–1914)
• Envirotech
• Euclid

F

• Fageol Motors (1916–1938; later Peterbilt)
• Fargo
• Farrar Fire Apparatus (1933–1987)
• Federal
• Fisher ^[41]
• Ford
• Freightliner
• FWD ^[42]

G

• Garford
• Garwood
• General Vehicle (or G.V.) (1905–1906) ^[43]  · ^[44]  · ^[45]
• Gersix (1915–1922)
• Global
• GMC (1912–present)
• Grabowsky (1908–1913)
• Graham-Paige
• Gramm ^{[46] [47] [48]}

H

• Hart-Kraft (1907–1913)
• Harsco
• Harvey (1911–1932) ^[49]
• Hatfield (1910–1911) ^[50]
• Hayes (1922–1975)
• Hebb (before 1926) ^[51]
• Heil
• Hendrickson
• HME
• Horner ^[52]
• Hug (1922-1942) ^{[53] [54] [55]}
• Hummer

I

1927 International one-ton stakebed

• Ibex
• Imperium
• Indiana ^{[56] [57] [58]}
• International
• International Power Company (1899–1902) ^[59]
• Ivey ^[60]

J

1972 Jeep Commando

• Jaguar ^[61]
• Jeep
• Jeffery ^[62]
• Johnson
• Juno ^[63]

K

Kenworth tractor with trailer

• Kaiser
• Kaiser-Frazer
• Kaiser-Jeep
• Kelland Electric (1922–1925), Newark, New Jersey
• Kalmar
• Kelly-Springfield (1910–1927)
• Kentucky Wagon Works (1914–1923) ^[64]
• Kenworth (1923–present)
• Kimble
• Kissel (1910–1930)
• Kleiber (San Francisco)
• KME Fire Apparatus (1946–present)
• Knox ^[65]
• Kopp ^[66]
• Krebs Commercial Car Company (1912–1917)

L

Lange Motor Truck (1923)

• Lambert ^[67]
• Lange Motor Truck (1911–1931) ^{[68] [69]}
• Lauth Juergens ^[70]
• Larrabee-Deyo Motor Truck Company (1916-1932) ^[71]  · ^[72]
• Lehigh (1925–1927)
• Lincoln
• Lincoln Motor Truck Company
• Lion (garbage trucks)
• Lippard-Stewart ^[73]
• Locomobile ^[74]
• Little Giant ^[75]
• Lodal (garbage trucks and fire trucks)
• Longest ^[76]
• Luedinghaus (1920–1933)

M

• Maccar (1914–1935) ^[77]  · ^[78]
• Mack (1900-)
• Mais ^[79]
• Marion (garbage trucks)
• Marmon (1963–1997)
• Marmon-Herrington (1931) ^[80]
• Maxim Motors
• McNeilus
• Menominee (1911–1937) ^[81]
• Mercury
• Modern Trucks ^[82]
• Mogul (before 1926) ^[83]
• Moore ^[84]
• Mora ^[85]
• Moreland (1911–1940)
• Motiv ^[86]

N

• Natco ^[87]
• Navistar International (1986–present)
• Nikola (2016–present)

O

• O-K Truck (1916–1927)
• O.K. Motor Truck Company (?–1916) merged into Lincoln Motor Truck Company in 1916 ^[88]
• Old Hickory (1914–1923) ^[64]
• Old Reliable ^[89]
• Oldsmobile
• Oneida
• Orange EV
• Oshkosh (1918–present) (Wisconsin Duplex 1917-1918)
• Ottawa Trucks ^[90]

P

U.S. Peterbilt truck, California

• P&H
• Paccar
• Pacific Trucks
• Packard (1904–1923)
• Pak-Mor (garbage trucks, San Antonio)
• Palmer-Meyer ^[91]
• Palmer-Moore (1906–1918)
• Patrick ^[92]
• Peterbilt (1939–present)
• Pierce ^[93] (1955–) (distinct from Pierce-Arrow)
• Pierce-Arrow (1911–c. 1934)
• Piggins Practical (1911–1916)
• Plymouth (1935–1941)
• Poss (1911–1912) ^[94]

R

• Rapid (1902–1909) predecessor to GMC Truck
• Relay Motors Corporation (1927-1934) ^[95]  · ^[96]
• REO (1908–1967) (maker of the REO Speed Wagon pickups and fire trucks)
• Republic (1913–1929) (later partnered with American LaFrance)
• Rockford ^[97]
• Rowe ^[98]
• Rush (1915–1918) ^[99]

S

• Sanford-Herbert (1909–1939)
• Service Motor Car ^[100]
• Schacht (1910–1938) (fire trucks)
• Scot (1972-1980)
• Simon-Duplex (fire trucks)
• Smith ^[101]
• SPA
• Spartan
• Speedwell ^[102]
• Spencer Manufacturing (1986–) (fire trucks) ^[103]
• Standard ^[104]
• Star ^[105]
• Stegeman ^[106]
• Sterling
• Sternberg (1900–1916; later Sterling) ^[107]
• Stewart & Stevenson
• Stoddard (1911)
• Studebaker (1905-1910 {electric}, 1913–1918, 1927–1964)

T

Tiffin Trucks (1914)

• Terex
• Thermo King
• Thor (Now XOS)
• Tico
• Tiffin (1913–1923) ^[108]
• Traffic
• Transit ^[109]

U

• Universal ^[110]
• Urban ^[111]
• U.S. Hybrid

V

• V.E. (or V.E.C.) Electric (1901–1906) ^{[43] [44]}
• Van Dyke (1910–1912)
• Van-L (1912)
• Velie (1911–1929) ^[112]
• Vestal (1914)
• Victor ^[113]
• Vulcan ^[114]

W

Willys cab-forward pickup

Waverly Electric Truck (1914)

• Walter ^[115]
• Ward ^[116]
• Waverly ^[117]
• Wayne
• Western Star
• White
• White-Freightliner
• White-Gmc
• White Hickory (1916–1921)
• White-Mustang
• White-Western Star
• Wichita ^[118]
• Wilcox ^[119]
• Willet ^[120]
• Willys
• Willys-Overland
• Wisconsin Duplex (1917–1918; Oshkosh Truck afterward)
• Witt-Will ^[121]
• Worcester Lunch Car
• Workhorse

X

• Xos, Inc.

Y

• Yellow

Z

• Zeligson

See also

• Dump truck
• List of automobile manufacturers
• List of defunct automobile manufacturers
• List of dump truck manufacturers
• List of truck manufacturers
• List of electric truck makers
• Semi-trailer and semi-trailer truck
• Tractor unit

Notes

1. "4 Guys Stainless Steel Fire Trucks". www.4guysfire.com. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
2. "Acason Motor Truck Company". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
3. "ACE". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
4. "ACME". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
5. "ACME". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.6 1918 &suppl. 1919. January 1, 1918. Retrieved June 9, 2025.
6. "Armleder". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
7. "Atco". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
8. "Atlantic Trucks". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.6 1918 & 1919. January 1, 1918. Retrieved June 9, 2025.
9. "Atterbury Trucks". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce (1928). January 1, 1928. Retrieved June 5, 2025.
10. "Atterbury Trucks". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce v. 26 (1929). January 1, 1929. Retrieved June 4, 2025.
11. "Atterbury". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
12. Hayden, Greg. MacDonald, John (ed.). "Old Cars of Argentina - Manufactured by Industrias Kaiser Argentina S.A. (IKA)". oldcarandtruckpictures.com. Archived from the original on December 29, 2018.
13. "Available". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
14. "Baker". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
15. "Barrows". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce (1928). January 1, 1928. Retrieved June 5, 2025.
16. "Beck". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
17. "Bessemer". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
18. "Blair". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
19. "Brinton". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
20. "Buffalo". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
21. "Capitol". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
22. "Chicago Motor Truck". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
23. "Clark". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
24. "Clinton 55-6". Automotive review v. 2 (1929). January 1, 1929. Retrieved September 7, 2025.
25. "Home". COLET SVD. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
26. "Columbia Motor Truck Company". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
27. "Commerce Motor Truck Company". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
28. "Commercial Truck Company". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 7, 2025.
29. "Couple-Gear". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.8 1920). January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 7, 2025.
30. "C-T-Electric Commercial Truck Company". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce (1928). January 1, 1928. Retrieved June 5, 2025.
31. "Dart". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
32. "Davis". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
33. "Day-Elder MF". Automotive review v. 2 (1929). July 1, 1929. Retrieved September 8, 2025.
34. "Dayton". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
35. "Denby Motor Truck Company". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce (1928). January 1, 1928. Retrieved June 5, 2025.
36. "Denby Motor Truck Company". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce v. 26 (1929). January 1, 1929. Retrieved June 3, 2025.
37. "Dorris". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
38. "Duplex Truck". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce (1928). January 1, 1929. Retrieved June 5, 2025.
39. "Duplex Truck". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce v. 26 (1929). January 1, 1929. Retrieved June 3, 2025.
40. "Eagle Modell 10". Automotive review v. 1 (1929). January 1, 1929. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
41. "Fisher Trucks". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce (1928). January 1, 1928. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
42. "Four Wheel Drive". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
43. Clymer, p.210.
44. Kimes, Beverly Rae (editor) and Clark, Henry Austin, Jr.; The Standard Catalogue of American Cars, 2nd Edition, Krause Publications, Iola WI 54990 (1985), ISBN   0-87341-111-0, p.1447
45. "G.V Electric". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
46. "Gramm". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
47. "Gramm Berstein". Motor west. May 1, 1918. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
48. "Gramm". Automotive review v. 2 (1929). January 1, 1929. Retrieved September 7, 2025.
49. "Harvey". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
50. Distinct from Hatfield and Hatfield. Kimes, p. 652.
51. Clymer, p.207.
52. "Horner". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
53. "Hug Model 87". Automotive review v. 2 (1929). April 1, 1929. Retrieved September 7, 2025.
54. "Hug Model 41". Automotive review v. 2 (1929). April 1, 1929. Retrieved September 8, 2025.
55. "Hug Model 486". Automotive review v. 2 (1929). November 1, 1929. Retrieved September 8, 2025.
56. "Indiana". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
57. "Indiana Trucks". Indiana Motor Company. January 1, 1916. Retrieved September 5, 2025.
58. "Indiana". Automotive review v. 2 (1929). January 1, 1929. Retrieved September 7, 2025.
59. In Providence, Rhode Island. Kimes, p.737.
60. "Ivey". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
61. Johnson, Riley (May 19, 2015). "Obscure surplus firetruck up for public auction after agencies pass". JournalStar.com. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
62. "Jeffery". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
63. "Juno". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
64. Kimes & Clark, p.437-8.
65. "Knox". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
66. "Kopp". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
67. "Lambert". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
68. "Lange". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
69. "Lange Motor Truck". Pittsburgh, PA : Lange Motor Truck Company. January 1, 1923. Retrieved September 4, 2025.
70. "Lauth Juergens". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
71. "Larrabee-Deyo Motor Truck Company". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce (1928). January 1, 1928. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
72. "Larrabee-Deyo Motor Truck Company". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce v. 26 (1929). January 1, 1929. Retrieved June 1, 2025.
73. "Lippard-Stewart". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
74. "Locomobile". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
75. "Little Giant". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
76. "Longest". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
77. "Maccar Truck". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce (1928). January 1, 1928. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
78. "Maccar Truck". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce v. 26 (1929). January 1, 1929. Retrieved June 1, 2025.
79. "Mais". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
80. Spoelstra, Hanno. "Marmon-Herrington Military Vehicles".
81. "Menominee". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
82. "Modern Trucks". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
83. Clymer, p.208.
84. "Moore". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
85. "Mora". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
86. "Motiv Power Systems all-electric garbage truck". September 23, 2014.
87. "Natco". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
88. Thomas E. Bonsall, The Lincoln Motorcar: The Complete History of an American Classic, p. 19, Stony Run Press, 1992 OCLC   28387523.
89. "Old Reliable". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
90. Ottawa Truck website Archived 2008-04-05 at the Wayback Machine
91. "Palmer-Meyer". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
92. "Patrick". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
93. "Pierce Manufacturing website". Archived from the original on May 11, 2008.
94. Automobile, p. 432
95. "Relay Motors Corporation". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce (1928). March 1, 1928. Retrieved June 6, 2025.
96. "Relay Motors Corporation". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce v. 26 (1929). March 1, 1929. Retrieved June 1, 2025.
97. "Rockford". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
98. "Rowe". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
99. Automobile, p.434.
100. "Service Motor Car". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
101. "Smith". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
102. "Speedwell". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
103. "Welcome - Spencer Fire Trucks". spencerfiretrucks.com. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
104. "Standard". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
105. "Star". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
106. "Stegeman". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
107. "Sternberg". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
108. "Tiffin". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
109. "Transit". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
110. "Universal". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
111. "Urban". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
112. Vance, Bill. "Velie was quality over quantity", in Saskatoon Star-Phoenix, 18 July 2008, p.E10.
113. "Victor". Automotive review v. 1 (1929). January 1, 1929. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
114. "Vulcan". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
115. "Walter Motor Truck Company". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce v. 26 (1929). January 1, 1929. Retrieved June 2, 2025.
116. "Ward". Official handbook of automobiles / National Automobile Chamber of Commerce v. 26 (1929). January 1, 1929. Retrieved June 2, 2025.
117. "Waverly". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
118. "Wichita". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
119. "Wilcox". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
120. "Willet". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
121. "Witt-Will". Motor trucks of America ... c.1 v.2 1914. January 1, 1920. Retrieved June 8, 2025.

References

• Automobile Quarterly, (Editors of). The American Car Since 1775. New York: Automobile Quarterly Inc., 1971.
• Clymer, Floyd. Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877-1925. New York: Bonanza Books, 1950.
• Gunnell, John A. Standard Catalog of American Light-Duty Trucks 1896-1986 (Second Edition). Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1993. ISBN   0-87341-238-9
• Kimes, Beverly Rae, and Clark, Henry Austin, Jr. The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942 (3rd edition). Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1996. ISBN   0-87341-428-4
• Vossler, Bill. Cars, Trucks, and Buses Made By Tractor Companies. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1999. ISBN   0-8734-1672-4