This is a list of Malaysian states and federal territories by Human Development Index (HDI) as of 2022. [1]
This article uses the Malaysia Human Development Index (MHDI), which is an index developed by the Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM) to evaluate the level of human development which is the main criteria in measuring the progress of a country aside from economic aspects. The MHDI comprises three dimensions, namely: long and healthy life, access to knowledge, and a decent standard of living. The measure is developed based on the Human Development Index report from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
Rank | State or federal territory | HDI (2022) |
---|---|---|
Very high human development | ||
1—2 | Kuala Lumpur | 0.886 |
Putrajaya | ||
3 | Selangor | 0.842 |
4 | Labuan | 0.839 |
5 | Penang | 0.830 |
6 | Sarawak | 0.824 |
7 | Negeri Sembilan | 0.817 |
8 | Malacca | 0.810 |
- | Malaysia | 0.807 |
9 | Pahang | 0.803 |
High human development | ||
10 | Johor | 0.794 |
11 | Perak | 0.791 |
12 | Terengganu | 0.787 |
13 | Sabah | 0.772 |
14 | Kedah | 0.771 |
15 | Perlis | 0.768 |
16 | Kelantan | 0.752 |
A developed country, or advanced country, is a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations. Most commonly, the criteria for evaluating the degree of economic development are the gross domestic product (GDP), gross national product (GNP), the per capita income, level of industrialization, amount of widespread infrastructure and general standard of living. Which criteria are to be used and which countries can be classified as being developed are subjects of debate. Different definitions of developed countries are provided by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank; moreover, HDI ranking is used to reflect the composite index of life expectancy, education, and income per capita. In 2023, 40 countries fit all four criteria, while an additional 19 countries fit three out of four.
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical composite index of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which is used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores a higher level of HDI when the lifespan is higher, the education level is higher, and the gross national income GNI (PPP) per capita is higher. It was developed by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul-Haq and was further used to measure a country's development by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)'s Human Development Report Office.
Hulu Langat District is a district of Malaysia located in the southeastern corner of Selangor, between Kuala Lumpur and Negeri Sembilan. It is bordered by the state of Pahang to the east and north, Gombak district to the north-west, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and Petaling district to the west, Sepang district to the south-west, and state of Negeri Sembilan to the south.
Angelândia is a municipality in the northeast of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. As of 2020 the population was 8,557 in a total area of 185 km². The elevation is 891 meters. It is part of the IBGE statistical meso-region of Jequitinhonha and the micro-region of Capelinha. It became a municipality in 1995.
Aricanduva is a municipality in the northeast of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. As of 2020 the population was 5,269 in a total area of 243 km². The elevation is 682 meters. It is part of the IBGE statistical meso-region of Jequitinhonha and the micro-region of Capelinha. It became a municipality in 1995.
Ponto dos Volantes is a Brazilian municipality located in the northeast of the state of Minas Gerais. The city belongs to the mesoregion of Jequitinhonha and to the microregion of Araçuaí. As of 2020 the population was 12,179 in an area of 1,215 km². The elevation is 400 meters. It became a municipality in 1997. The postal code (CEP) is 39615-000.
The concept of human development expands upon the notion of economic development to include social, political and even ethical dimensions. Since the mid-twentieth century, international organisations such as the United Nations and the World Bank have adopted human development as a holistic approach to evaluating a country’s progress that considers living conditions, social relations, individual freedoms and political institutions that contribute to freedom and well-being, in addition to standard measures of income growth.
Indaiabira is a municipality in the northeast of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. As of 2020 the population was 7,339 in a total area of 1,008 km². The elevation is 857 meters. It became a municipality in 1997.
Montezuma is a municipality in the northeast of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. It is isolated, and the inhabitants are poor, mainly engaged in cattle raising and small-scale farming. It became a municipality in 1993.
São João das Missões is a municipality in the north of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. As of 2020 the population was 13,125 in a total area of 675 km². The elevation is 501 meters. It became a municipality in 1997.
Curral de Dentro is a municipality in the northeast of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. As of 2020 the population was 7,799 in a total area of 571 km2. The elevation is 890 meters. It became a municipality in 1997.
Vargem Grande do Rio Pardo is a municipality in the northeast of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais.
The state of Johor is strategically located in southern Malaysia, bordering one of the regional economic powerhouses Singapore. Johor is the third-largest economy in Malaysia after Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, accounting for 9.6% of the nation's gross domestic product, valued at RM 148.2 billion in 2023. The economy is primarily driven by manufacturing and service sectors, covering almost 80% of the state GDP.