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This page contains a list of political parties in India that are aligned with the communist ideology.
Most Communist Parties in India trace their origin back to-
Election Symbol | Name | Founded | Ideology | Leader | Seats in Lok Sabha | Seats in Rajya Sabha | Seats in State Assemblies | Seats in State Councils |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Communist Party of India (Marxist) [1] [2] | 7 November 1964 [3] [4] [5] | Marxism–Leninism | Sitaram Yechury (General Secretary) [6] [7] [8] | 4 / 543 | 5 / 245 | 82 / 4,036 | 0 / 426 |
Election Symbol | Name | Founded | Ideology | Leader | Recognised In | Seats in Lok Sabha | Seats in Rajya Sabha | Seats in State Assemblies | Seats in State Councils |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Communist Party of India | 26 December 1925 | Marxism–Leninism | D. Raja | Kerala, Manipur, Tamil Nadu | 2 / 543 | 3 / 245 | 22 / 4,036 | 1 / 426 | |
Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation [9] | 28 July 1974 [10] [11] [12] | Marxism–Leninism | Dipankar Bhattacharya [13] [14] [15] | Bihar [16] | 2 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 13 / 4,036 | 0 / 426 |
NAME | IDEOLOGY | LEADER | BASE REGION |
---|---|---|---|
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Red Star [17] | Marxism–Leninism–Maoism [17] | K. N. Ramachandran [18] | |
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Class Struggle [19] | Marxism–Leninism [19] | Visawam | |
Revolutionary Marxist Party of India [20] | Marxism [20] | KK RAMA [20] | KERALA [20] |
Communist Marxist Party [21] | Marxism, Rosa Luxemburg THOUGHT [21] | C. P. John [21] | KERALA [21] |
Janathipathiya Samrakshana Samithy [22] | Communism [22] | A. V. Thamarakshan [22] | KERALA [22] |
All India Forward Bloc [23] | Left-wing nationalism [23] | G. Devarajan [23] | |
Revolutionary Socialist Party (India) [24] | Marxism, Revolutionary socialism [24] | Manoj Bhattacharya [24] | |
Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist) [25] | Marxism–Leninism, Socialism [25] | Kovoor Kunjumon [25] | KERALA [25] |
Marxist-Leninist Party of India (Red Flag) [26] | Communism [26] | M.S. Jayakumar [26] | |
Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) [27] | Communism, Stalinism [27] | [27] Provash Ghosh |
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated as CPI(M)) is a communist political party in India. It is the largest communist party in India in terms of membership and electoral seats, and one of the national parties of India. The party was founded through a splitting from the Communist Party of India in 1964 and it quickly became the dominant faction.
Janadhipathya Samrakshana Samithi is a political party in the Indian state of Kerala. The party was formed in 1994 when the CPI(M) leader K.R. Gowri Amma was expelled from Communist Party of India (Marxist).
The Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) (CPI (ML)) was an Indian communist party formed by the All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries (AICCCR) at a congress in Calcutta in 1969. The foundation of the party was declared by Kanu Sanyal at a mass meeting in Calcutta on 22 April, Vladimir Lenin's birthday. Later the CPI(ML) party splintered into several Naxalite groups.
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Naxalbari was an underground Maoist political party in India. The party had its roots partially in the Maoist Unity Centre, CPI (ML) and partially in the group of Rauf in Andhra Pradesh.
Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP) is a communist party in India. The party was founded on 19 March 1940 by Tridib Chaudhuri and has its roots in the Bengali liberation movement Anushilan Samiti and the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army.
Charu Mazumdar, popularly known as CM, was an Indian Communist leader, and founder and General Secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist). Born into a progressive landlord family in Siliguri in 1918, he became a Communist during the Indian Independence Movement, and later formed the militant Naxalite cause. During this period, he authored the historic accounts of the 1967 Naxalbari uprising. His writings, particularly the Historic Eight Documents, have become part of the ideology of a number of Communism-aligned political parties in India.
The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is a banned Marxist–Leninist–Maoist communist political party and militant organization in India which aims to overthrow the "semi-colonial and semi-feudal Indian state" through protracted people's war. It was founded on 21 September 2004, through the merger of the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War (People's War Group) and the Maoist Communist Centre of India (MCCI). The party has been designated as a terrorist organisation in India under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act since 2009.
Kanu Sanyal was an Indian communist politician. In 1967, he was one of the main leaders of the Naxalbari uprising and in 1969 he was one of the founding leaders of Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist). Sanyal died by suicide on 23 March 2010.
The Maoist Communist Centre (MCC) was one of the largest two armed Maoist groups in India, and fused with the other, the People's War Group in September 2004, to form the Communist Party of India (Maoist).
Kondapalli Seetharamaiah was a senior communist leader and Maoist organizer in India.
Communism in India has existed as a social or political ideology as well as a political movement since at least as early as the 1920s. In its early years, communist ideology was harshly suppressed through legal prohibitions and criminal prosecutions. Eventually, communist parties became ensconced in national party politics, sprouting several political offshoots.
Vempatapu Satyanarayana (Satyam) was a schoolteacher, member of several Indian Communist organizations, and a leader of the Srikakulam peasant uprising of 1967, along with Adibhatla Kailasam and Subbarao Panigrahi. They had started the "land to tiller" movement in Andhra Pradesh, which later spread to South Odisha.
The Naxalite–Maoist insurgency is an ongoing conflict between Maoist groups known as Naxalites or Naxals and the Indian government. The influence zone of the Naxalites is called the red corridor, which has been steadily declining in terms of geographical coverage and number of violent incidents, and in 2021 it was confined to the 25 "most affected" locations, accounting for 85% of Left Wing Extremism (LWE) violence, and 70 "total affected" districts across 10 states in two coal-rich, remote, forested hilly clusters in and around the Dandakaranya-Chhattisgarh-Odisha region and the tri-junction area of Jharkhand, Bihar, and West Bengal. The Naxalites have frequently targeted police and government workers in what they say is a fight for improved land rights and more jobs for neglected agricultural labourers and the poor.
The Marxist-Leninist Party of India , previously the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Red Flag, is a communist party in India. The party is one of the most moderate factions of the wider Naxalite movement.
This is a timeline of the 1967–present Naxalite–Maoist insurgency in eastern India.
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War, usually called People's War Group (PWG), was an underground communist party in India. It merged with the Maoist Communist Centre of India to form the Communist Party of India (Maoist) in 2004. Muppala Lakshmana Rao ('Ganapathi') was the general secretary of the party. The ideology of the party was Marxism-Leninism-Maoism.
Prashant Bose, commonly known by his nom de guerre Kishan or Kishan da is an Indian politician who is a senior Politburo member of the Communist Party of India (Maoist). He has previously used Nirbhay Mukherjee, Kajal, Kishan-da and Mahesh as aliases. Kishan, the former MCCI chief is now No. 2 in the CPI (Maoist). He is in charge of Bihar and Jharkhand and heading the Party's Eastern Regional Bureau. And this Bengali Maoist leader, 74 in age is also a known intellectual of the party. He joined in Naxalite movements as a trade union activist in 1967 and continued to play a key role in Left-wing politics in India.
The Central Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Party Unity, more commonly known as CPI(ML) Party Unity or simply 'Party Unity', was a communist party in India 1982-1998. Narayan Sanyal alias Naveen Prasad was the general secretary of the party. Party Unity was the official organ of the party. CPI(ML) Party Unity was one of the predecessors of the Communist Party of India (Maoist).
Central Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) was a communist party in India, one of the main splinter factions of the original Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist). COC, CPI(ML) occupied a middle position between the pro-Charu Majumdar group led by Mahadev Mukherjee and the anti-Majumdar group led by Satyanarayan Singh. Failing to articulate a common ideological position, COC, CPI(ML) soon suffered internal divisions and splits. Two of the splinter groups of COC, CPI(ML) in Andhra Pradesh are predecessors of the present-day Communist Party of India (Maoist).
Narayan Sanyal commonly known as Bijoy da and Naveen Prasad was a Maoist ideologue and a Politburo member of the Communist Party of India (Maoist). He was one of the earliest comrade of Naxal leader Charu Majumdar and member of undivided Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist). It is claimed that at the time of arrest Narayan Sanyal was next only to CPI (Maoist) the then general secretary Muppala Lakshmana Rao alias Ganapathy.
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