Elamkulam Manakkal Sankaran Namboodiripad, popularly known by his initials 'E. M. S.' was an Indian communist politician and theorist, who served as the first Chief Minister of Kerala in 1957–1959 and then again in 1967–1969. As a member of the Communist Party of India (CPI), he became the first non-Congress Chief Minister in the Indian republic. In 1964, he led a faction of the CPI that broke away to form the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated as CPI(M)/CPIM/CPM) is a communist political party in India. It is the largest communist party in India in terms of membership and electoral seats, and one of the national parties of India. The party was founded through a splitting from CPI in 1964 and it quickly became the dominant fraction.
The Communist Party of India (CPI) is the oldest communist party in India. The CPI was founded in modern-day Kanpur on 26 December 1925. Currently it has 2 members in Lok Sabha and 2 members in Rajya Sabha. In addition, it has 22 MLAs across 4 states and 1 MLC in Bihar. It has the current ECI status of a state party in Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Manipur. CPI was the main opposition party in India during 1950's to 1960's.
The Left Democratic Front (LDF) also known as Left Front (Kerala) is an alliance of left-wing political parties in the state of Kerala, India. It is the current ruling political alliance of Kerala, since 2016. It is one of the two major political alliances in Kerala, the other being Indian National Congress-led United Democratic Front, each of which has been in power alternately for the last four decades. LDF has won the elections to the State Legislature of Kerala in the years 1980, 1987, 1996, 2006, 2016 and had a historic re-election in 2021 where an incumbent government was re-elected for first time in 40 years. LDF has won 6 out of 10 elections since the formation of the alliance in 1980. The alliance consists of CPI(M), CPI and various smaller parties.
Janadhipathya Samrakshana Samithi is a political party in the Indian state of Kerala. The party was formed in 1994 when the CPI(M) leader K.R. Gowri Amma was expelled from Communist Party of India (Marxist).
The Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) is a political party in West Bengal in India. The PDS was founded in February 2001 by former Communist Party of India (Marxist) leaders Saifuddin Choudhury and Samir Putatundu. The PDS was in opposition to the Left Front government in West Bengal.
Kuthuparamba or Koothuparamba is a town and a municipality in the Kannur district, state of Kerala, India. It is about 24 km south-east of Kannur and 14 km east of Thalassery.
Pinarayi Vijayan is an Indian politician who is the current Chief Minister of Kerala, serving since 25 May 2016. A member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of India (Marxist), he is the longest-serving secretary of the Kerala State Committee of the CPI(M) (1998–2015). He also served in the government of Kerala as Minister of Electric Power and Co-operatives from 1996 to 1998. Vijayan won a seat in the May 2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election as the CPI(M) candidate for Dharmadom constituency and was selected as the leader of the Left Democratic Front (LDF) and became the 12th Chief Minister of Kerala. He is the first chief minister from Kerala to be re-elected after completing a full term in office. In 2022, he also became the longest-continuous serving chief minister of Kerala surpassing C. Achutha Menon who had been the first to remain in office for 2364 consecutive days.
Kodiyeri Balakrishnan was an Indian politician of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He was the secretary of the CPI(M) Kerala State Committee from 2015 to 2022. He stepped down from the position of state secretary due to his failing health. He was the Chief Editor of the Malayalam newspaper Deshabhimani.
Kannoth Muraleedharan is an Indian National Congress (INC) politician from Kerala, the son of eminent congress leader K. Karunakaran. He was elected as member of the Lok Sabha thrice from the Kozhikode constituency, subsequently leaving the party in 2005. For a while he had joined NCP of Sharad Pawar. Then he rejoined Congress. He was elected as the Chairman of KPCC Campaign committee in September 2018. He entered 17th Lok Sabha by winning from the Vatakara in 2019 general elections.
Communism in India has existed as a social or political ideology as well as a political movement since at least as early as the 1920s. In its early years, communist ideology was harshly suppressed through legal prohibitions and criminal prosecutions. Eventually, communist parties became ensconced in national party politics, sprouting several political offshoots.
Melathu Veettil Raghavan was a veteran Communist leader and a former Minister in Kerala state of India. He was the General Secretary of the Communist Marxist Party, an alliance partner in the UDF. Prior to the formation of the CMP he was a prominent leader of the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
The Marxist-Leninist Party of India , previously the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Red Flag, is a communist party in India. The party is one of the most moderate factions of the wider Naxalite movement.
Vaikom Viswan is a politician from the State of Kerala in India. He was the Convener of Left Democratic Front (LDF) in Kerala and member of the Central Committee of Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPIM).
The Koothuparambu firing was a police action on 25 November 1994. The incident was named after the town Koothuparambu in Kerala, India, and happened at Tellicherry Road in Kannur, the district of Kerala.
The Indian state of Kerala has a strong presence of communist politics. Today, the two largest communist parties in Kerala politics are the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and the Communist Party of India, which, together with other left-wing parties, form the ruling Left Democratic Front alliance.
Communist Marxist Party (Aravindakshan) is one of the two splinter factions of CMP, which was led by K.R. Aravindakshan at the time of founding. In 2019, the party merged with CPI(M). Now a faction of CMP(A) is led by M. V. Rajesh and continue supporting the Left Democratic Front.
K. R. Aravindakshan was an Indian communist leader from Kerala, India. He was born in Kottayam.
The elections to the Eighth Kerala Assembly were held on March 23, 1987. The UDF and the LDF were the two major political fronts in the arena. The UDF had the INC(I), IUML, KC(J), KC(M), NDP (P), SRP(S) and the RSP(S) as its constituents. The LDF consisted of the CPI(M), CPI, RSP, IC(S), Janata Party and the Lok Dal.
C. P. John is an Indian politician and the General Secretary of the Communist Marxist Party. He is the National executive member of Hind Mazdoor Sabha. He was the Vice President of Students' Federation of India (SFI) Central committee during 1978 and the youngest President of Kerala State committee of SFI. He served two terms as a member of Kerala State Planning Board.
