Gabon has competed in eight Summer Olympic Games. They have never competed in the Winter Olympic Games. On August 11, 2012, Gabon won its first Olympic medal when Anthony Obame took silver in Taekwondo at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
Gabon is participating in the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore.
Gabon competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, from 27 July to 12 August 2012. This was the nation's ninth appearance at the Olympics; the nation did not participate at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal and 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, affected by the African and the American-led boycott, respectively.
Mélanie Engoang Nguema is a Gabonese judoka and coach, who played for the half-heavyweight category. She is a five-time medalist for her division at the African Judo Championships, and gold medalist at the 1999 All-Africa Games in Johannesburg, South Africa. She also competed at four Summer Olympic games, but she neither reached the final round, nor claimed an Olympic medal. For being the most experienced member at the Olympics, Engoang was the nation's three-time flag bearer at the opening ceremonies.
Odette Mistoul is a Gabonese former track and field athlete who competed in the shot put. She represented her country at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, coming 13th in the final. She was her nation's Olympic flag bearer that year. She was the first woman to represent Gabon at the Olympics. She won the first three gold medals in women's shot put at the African Championships in Athletics from 1979 to 1984.
