Luxembourg competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004. The nation has competed at every Olympic games for a century, except the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
Luxembourg's National Olympic Committee, the Luxembourg Olympic and Sporting Committee, was founded in 1912 and sent its first team to the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm.
Luxembourg sent a delegation to compete in the 2006 Winter Olympics, held in Turin, Italy from 10–26 February 2006. Luxembourg returned to the Winter Olympic Games after missing the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City. The Luxembourgian delegation consisted of a single figure skater, Fleur Maxwell, making her Olympic debut. In the ladies' singles she finished in 24th place.
Luxembourg competed at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada from 13–28 February 1988. It had been 52 years since the last time the nation had participated in the Winter Olympic Games, and Calgary was only their third appearance at a Winter Olympics in history. The Luxembourgian delegation consisted of a single alpine skier, the Austrian-born Marc Girardelli. His best performance was 9th in the downhill race, and Luxembourg did not win any medals at these Olympics.
Luxembourg sent a delegation to compete at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan from 7–22 February 1998. This was Luxembourg's sixth appearance at a Winter Olympic Games. The Luxembourgish delegation consisted of a single athlete, figure skater Patrick Schmit. In the men's singles he finished in 29th place.
Luxembourg participated in the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore.
Luxembourg competed at the 2012 Winter Youth Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria. The Luxembourgish team was made up of one athlete and three officials. Ferand Guth was the Chef De Mission of the team.
Luxembourg sent a delegation to compete at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia from 7–23 February 2014. This was Luxembourg's eighth appearance at a Winter Olympic Games. The Luxembourgian team consisted of one athlete in cross-country skiing, Kari Peters. In the only event he contested, the men's sprint, he finished in 79th place. He withdrew from the 15 km classical due to illness.
During the closing ceremony in Sochi, Russia most of the 88 nations competing selected one member of their delegation to be the flagbearer. Some countries for example, Morocco chose the same athlete as the opening ceremony. On the other hand, some countries such as Luxembourg had already left the Olympic village, and therefore a volunteer carried the flags for those countries.
During the closing ceremony of the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, the flag bearers of 207 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) arrived into Maracanã Stadium. The flags of each country were not necessarily carried by the same flag bearer as in the opening ceremony.
Luxembourg competed at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, China, from 4 to 20 February 2022.
