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This is a list of states or polities that existed in the 7th century BC.
| State | Existed |
|---|---|
| Aethiopia | c. 13th – 5th centuries BC |
| Carthaganian Empire | 650–146 BC |
| Kingdom of Dʿmt | 980–400 BC |
| Cyrenaica | 631–525 BC |
| Garamantian Empire | 1000 BC – 700 AD |
| Kingdom of Kush | 1070 BC – 350 AD |
| Libu | 1550–146 BC |
| Macrobia | c. 8th – 4th centuries BC |
| Nok | 1000 BC – 300 AD |
| name | existed |
|---|---|
| Maya | 2000 BC – 900 AD |
| Olmec | 1400–400 BC |
| Paracas | 800–100 BC |
| Pueblo | 12th century BC – 14th century AD |
| Zapotec | 700 BC – 1521 AD |
| name | existed |
|---|---|
| Brigantia | 700 BC – 1st century AD |
| Caledonia | 650 BC – 1st century AD |
| Kingdom of Connacht | c. 10th century BC – 1474 AD |
| Helvetii | 650 BC – 68 AD |
| Silure | 650 BC – 78 AD |
| Suebi | 600 BC – 409 AD |
| State | Existed |
|---|---|
| Arcadia | 980–743 BC |
| Acarnania | 7th – 1st century BC |
| Kingdom of Argolis | 1200–337 BC |
| Republic of Athens | 1068–355 BC |
| Cantabria | 650 BC – 1st century AD |
| Carthaginian Empire | 650–146 BC |
| Celtiberia | 650–19 BC |
| Corinthia | 700–338 BC |
| Dacia | 700 BC – 106 AD |
| Kingdom of Etruria | 768–264 BC |
| Getae | 7th century BC – 4th century AD |
| Iapydes | 9th century – 34 BC |
| Illyria | 2000–168 BC |
| Liburnia | 11th century – 34 BC |
| Locria | 1250–386 BC |
| Lucania | 1000–356 BC [1] |
| Magna Graecia | 740–89 BC |
| Oenotria | 1000–325 BC |
| Padanian Etruria | 9th century – 5th century BC |
| Phocis | 690–222 BC |
| Kingdom of Rome | 753–509 BC |
| Kingdom of Sabinum | c. 760–494 BC |
| Samnium | c. 600–82 BC |
| Sicani | c. 13th century – 300 BC |
| Sicels | c. 11th century – 425 BC |
| Kingdom of Sparta | 950–146 BC |
| Kingdom of Thessaly | 950–344 BC |
| Tartessos | 1000–450 BC |
| Thrace | 1200–450 BC |
| Umbria | 9th century – 3rd century BC |
| name | existed |
|---|---|
| Aria | 700 BC – 300 BC |
| Caspiane | 650 BC – 387 AD |
| Bactria | 1140–550 BC |
| Kingdom of Balhara | 12th – 7th centuries BC |
| Bulgar | 7th century BC – 7th century AD |
| Chorasmia | 1290–180 BC |
| Cimmeria | 1300–625 BC |
| Kingdom of Colchis | 1300 BC – 2nd century AD |
| Dahae | 700–530 BC |
| Huns | 600 BC – 370 AD |
| Issedon | 650–58 BC |
| Magyar | 1100 BC – 895 AD |
| Qiang | 2000 BC – 150 BC |
| Scythia | 690 BC – 250 BC |
| Sogdiana | 750–550 BC |
| Thyssagetae | 650 BC – 110 AD |
| Xianyun | 824–209 BC |
| Name | Existed |
|---|---|
| Ba (state) | 13th century – 311 BC |
| Cai (state) | 980–447 BC |
| Cao (state) | 1053–487 BC |
| Chen (state) | 1046–479 BC |
| Chu (state) | 1030–223 BC |
| Donghu | 1400–150 BC |
| Kingdom of Gojoseon | 2333–108 BC |
| Jin (state) | 1042–376 BC |
| Pi (state) | 1046–418 BC |
| Qiang | 2000 BC – 150 BC |
| Qi (Henan) | 1600–445 BC |
| Qi (state) | 1046–221 BC |
| Qin (state) | 858–221 BC |
| Quanrong | 954–301 BC |
| Sui (state) | 771–221 BC |
| Sumpa | 1600 BC – 7th century AD |
| Shu (state) | 1046–316 BC |
| Teng (state) | 1046–414 BC |
| Kingdom of Van Lang | 2879–258 BC |
| Xu (state) | 2000–512 BC |
| Yan (state) | 1046–222 BC |
| Zhou Kingdom | 1046–256 BC |
| Zou (state) | 1012–350 BC |
| Name | Existed |
|---|---|
| Anarta kingdom | 1100–550 BC |
| Anga kingdom | 1380–550 BC |
| Avanti kingdom | 900–322 BC |
| Danda kingdom | 1100–450 BC |
| Haryanka Kingdom | 684–413 BC |
| Kalinga Kingdom | 1376–285 BC |
| Kamboja kingdom | 1450–195 BC |
| Kasmira kingdom | 1250–322 BC |
| Kimpurusha kingdom | 1000–325 BC |
| Kirata kingdom | 1350 – c. 300 BC |
| Kosala | 1000–266 BC |
| Lanka | 1100–543 BC |
| Magadha kingdom | 799–323 BC |
| Malla republics | c. 7th century BCE – c. 4th century BCE |
| Matsya kingdom | 1180–318 BC |
| Panchala kingdom | 1100–4th century BC |
| Pandya kingdom | 1350–460 BC |
| Parvata kingdom | c. 9th century – 325 BC |
| Pundra kingdom | 1300 BC – 550 AD |
| Shakya | 800–320 BC |
| Sinhala kingdom | 700–505 BC |
| Surasena | 1000–323 BC |
| Trigarta kingdom | 1150–322 BC |
| Vanga kingdom | 1300 BC – 580 AD |
| Vatsa | 1100–323 BC |
| Vajjika League | c. 7th century BCE – c. 468 BC |
| Yaksha kingdom | 1200–350 BC |
| name | existed |
|---|---|
| Aramean Kingdom | 2300 – 700 BC |
| Kingdom of Awsan | 7th century BC – 100 AD |
| Kingdom of Caria | 11th – 6th century BC |
| Chaldean Kingdom | 1100–539 BC |
| Kingdom of Cilicia | 795–546 BC |
| Principality of Corduene | 800 BC – 653 AD |
| Doris | 1200–580 BC |
| Kingdom of Edom | 1200–125 BC |
| Elamite Empire | 1210–535 BC |
| Ellipian Kingdom | 850–609 BC |
| Kingdom of Hadhramaut | 700 BC – 320 AD |
| Kingdom of Judah | 930- 586 BC |
| Kingdom of Lycia | 1183–546 BC |
| Lydian Empire | 680–546 BC |
| Magan | 2200–550 BC |
| Mannaean Kingdom | 1110–616 BC |
| Median Empire | 678–549 BC |
| Kingdom of Mysia | 1320–301 BC [2] |
| Neo-Babylonian Empire | 626–539 BC |
| Paphlagonia | 1480–183 BC [3] |
| Parsua | 860–600 BC |
| Phoenicia | 1800–539 BC |
| Kingdom of Saba | 1100–275 BC |
| Principality of Sam'al | 1200–680 BC |
| Saparda Kingdom | 7200–670 BC |
| Kingdom of Tuwanuwa | 1000–700 BC |
| Kingdom of Urartu | 860–590 BC |
| Principality of Zabdicene | 780 BC – 5th century AD |
| Zikirti Kingdom | 750–521 BC |
The Hattians were an ancient Bronze Age people that inhabited the land of Hatti, in central Anatolia. They spoke a distinctive Hattian language, which was neither Semitic nor Indo-European. Hattians are attested by archeological records from the Early Bronze Age and by historical references in later Hittite and other sources. Their main centre was the city of Hattush. Faced with Hittite expansion, Hattians were gradually absorbed into the new political and social order, imposed by the Hittites, who were one of the Indo-European-speaking Anatolian peoples. The Hittites kept the country name unchanged, which also became the main designation for the Hittite state.
The ancient Near East was home to many cradles of civilization, spanning Mesopotamia, Egypt, Iran, Anatolia and the Armenian highlands, the Levant, and the Arabian Peninsula. As such, the fields of ancient Near East studies and Near Eastern archaeology are one of the most prominent with regard to research in the realm of ancient history. Historically, the Near East denoted an area roughly encompassing the centre of West Asia, having been focused on the lands between Greece and Egypt in the west and Iran in the east. It therefore largely corresponds with the modern-day geopolitical concept of the Middle East.
The prehistory of Anatolia stretches from the Paleolithic era through to the appearance of classical civilisation in the middle of the 1st millennium BC. It is generally regarded as being divided into three ages reflecting the dominant materials used for the making of domestic implements and weapons: Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age. The term Copper Age (Chalcolithic) is used to denote the period straddling the stone and Bronze Ages.