This is a list of sovereign states in the 1980s, giving an overview of states around the world during the period between 1 January 1980 and 31 December 1989. It contains 188 entries, arranged alphabetically, with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty. It includes 171 widely-recognized sovereign states, 2 constituent republics of another sovereign state that were UN members on their own right, 2 associated states, and 13 entities which claim an effective sovereignty but are considered de facto dependencies of other powers by the general international community.
Name and capital city | Information on status and recognition of sovereignty | |
---|---|---|
A | ||
![]() ![]() ![]() Capital: Kabul
| Widely-recognized UN member state. Afghanistan was occupied by the Soviet Union (to 15 February 1989). | |
![]() Capital: Tirana | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Algiers | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Andorra la Vella | Widely-recognized independent state. The President of France and Bishop of Urgell were ex officio Co-Princes of Andorra. The defense of Andorra was the responsibility of France and Spain. | |
![]() Capital: Luanda | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: St. John's
| Associated state of the United Kingdom (to 31 October 1981); widely-recognized independent state (from 1 November 1981). UN member state (from 11 November 1981); Commonwealth realm. Antigua and Barbuda had two dependencies: Barbuda and Redonda. | |
![]() Capital: Buenos Aires
| Widely-recognized UN member state. Argentina was a federation of 22 provinces and two federal territories. [lower-alpha 4] It had a claim over Argentine Antarctica, which was suspended under the Antarctic Treaty. It also claimed the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, both of which were British overseas territories. | |
![]() Capital: Canberra | Widely-recognized UN member state; Commonwealth realm. Australia was a federation of six states and three territories. [lower-alpha 5] It had sovereignty over the following external territories: | |
![]() Capital: Vienna | Widely-recognized UN member state. Austria was a federation of nine states. [lower-alpha 6] | |
B | ||
![]() Capital: Nassau | Widely-recognized UN member state; Commonwealth realm. | |
![]() Capital: Manama | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Dhaka | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Bridgetown | Widely-recognized UN member state; Commonwealth realm. | |
![]() Capital: Brussels | Widely-recognized UN member state. EEC member. After 8 August 1980, Belgium was a federation of three communities and three regions. [lower-alpha 7] | |
![]() Capital: Belmopan | Widely-recognized independent state. [lower-alpha 9] UN member state (from 25 September 1981); Commonwealth realm. | |
![]() Capital: Porto-Novo (official), Cotonou (seat of government) | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Thimphu | Widely-recognized UN member state. Bhutan was officially guided by India in its foreign affairs, but effectively pursued an independent foreign policy. | |
![]() Capital: Sucre (official), La Paz (administrative)
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Mmabatho | Nominally independent South African bantustan. [lower-alpha 10] | |
![]() Capital: Gaborone | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Brasília
| Widely-recognized UN member state. Brazil was a federation of 26 states, four territories (none from 1 January 1989), and one federal district. [lower-alpha 11] | |
![]() Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan | Widely-recognized independent state. UN member state (from 21 September 1984). Brunei claimed part of the Spratly Islands (disputed by China, Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Malaysia). | |
![]() Capital: Sofia | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
Burkina Faso → Upper Volta | ||
![]() Capital: Rangoon (renamed Yangon in 1989)
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Bujumbura | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
C | ||
Cambodia, State of → Kampuchea, People's Republic of | ||
![]() Capital: Yaoundé
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Ottawa
| Widely-recognized UN member state; Commonwealth realm. Canada was a federation of ten provinces and two territories. [lower-alpha 16] | |
![]() Capital: Praia | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Bangui | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: N'Djamena | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Santiago | Widely-recognized UN member state. It had a claim over Chilean Antarctic Territory, which is suspended under the Antarctic Treaty. | |
![]() Capital: Beijing
| Widely-recognized UN member state. [lower-alpha 17] The People's Republic of China had five autonomous regions: Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Xinjiang and Tibet. The People's Republic of China claimed Taiwan, Kinmen, the Matsu Islands, Pratas Island and the Vereker Banks, and Itu Aba, all of which were governed by the Republic of China. It also claimed the Paracel Islands (disputed by the Republic of China and Vietnam), the Spratly Islands (disputed by the Republic of China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei), and South Tibet (controlled by India). The People's Republic of China administered Aksai Chin and the Trans-Karakoram Tract, which were within the disputed region of Kashmir. | |
![]() Capital: Taipei (seat of government), Nanjing (claimed) | Partially-recognized de facto independent state. [lower-alpha 17] The Republic of China claimed to be the sole legitimate government of China, but only administered Taiwan, Kinmen, the Matsu Islands, Pratas Island and Itu Aba. The Republic of China had territorial claims over Mongolia; the Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic; the Sixty-Four Villages East of the River (administered by the Soviet Union); The majority of Gorno-Badakhshan (administered by the Soviet Union); The eastern tip of the Wakhan Corridor (administered by Afghanistan); a small portion of Gilgit-Baltistan (administered by Pakistan and part of the disputed Kashmir region); Aksai Chin (administered by the People's Republic of China and part of the disputed Kashmir region); eastern Bhutan; South Tibet (controlled by India); and Kachin State (administered by Myanmar). | |
![]() Capital: Bisho | Nominally independent South African bantustan. [lower-alpha 10] | |
![]() Capital: Bogotá | Widely-recognized UN member state. Colombia administered Bajo Nuevo Bank and Serranilla Bank (disputed by Nicaragua and the United States). | |
![]() Capital: Moroni | Widely-recognized UN member state. The Comoros was a federation of three islands. [lower-alpha 19] Comoros claimed sovereignty over the French overseas territories of Mayotte and the Glorioso Islands. It also claimed Banc du Geyser (disputed by Madagascar and France). | |
![]() Capital: Brazzaville | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Avarua | A state in free association with New Zealand. It shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared citizenship. | |
![]() Capital: San José | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Havana | Widely-recognized UN member state. The Cuban area of Guantánamo Bay was under the control of the United States. | |
![]() Capital: Nicosia | Widely-recognized UN member state. [lower-alpha 20] Cyprus included one self-declared state which, although it did not claim independence, was de facto self-governing:
After 15 November 1983, The northeastern part of the island was the de facto independent state of Northern Cyprus, recognized only by Turkey. | |
![]() Capital: Prague | Widely-recognized UN member state. [lower-alpha 21] Czechoslovakia was a federation of two republics. [lower-alpha 22] | |
D | ||
![]() Capital: Copenhagen | Widely-recognized UN member state; EEC member. The Danish Realm also included two of its constituent countries: | |
Derg → Ethiopia | ||
![]() Capital: Djibouti | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() ![]() ![]() Capital: Roseau | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Santo Domingo | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
E | ||
![]() Capital: Quito | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Cairo | Widely-recognized UN member state. Egypt included the Sinai Peninsula, which was occupied by Israel until 25 April 1982. | |
![]() Capital: San Salvador
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Malabo | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Addis Ababa
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
F | ||
![]() Capital: Suva
| Widely-recognized UN member state; Commonwealth realm (to 7 October 1987). Fiji had an autonomous dependency, Rotuma. | |
![]() Capital: Helsinki | Widely-recognized UN member state. Finland had a neutral and demilitarised region: | |
![]() Capital: Paris | Widely-recognized UN member state. EEC member. France included five overseas departments: French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Réunion, and Saint Pierre and Miquelon (to 11 June 1985). It also had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
France also claimed Banc du Geyser (disputed by Madagascar and the Comoros). | |
G | ||
![]() Capital: Libreville | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Banjul | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: East Berlin (disputed) | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Bonn | Widely-recognized UN member state. EEC member. West Germany was a federation of ten states. [lower-alpha 25] | |
![]() Capital: Accra | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Athens | Widely-recognized UN member state. EEC member (from 1 January 1981). Greece had sovereignty over Mount Athos, an autonomous monastic state that was jointly governed by the multi-national "Holy Community" on the mountain and the Civil Governor appointed by the Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and spiritually came under the direct jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate. | |
![]() Capital: St. George's
| Widely-recognized UN member state; Commonwealth realm. Grenada had one autonomous dependency, Carriacou and Petite Martinique. | |
![]() Capital: Guatemala City | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Conakry
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Bissau | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Georgetown | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
H | ||
![]() ![]() Capital: Port-au-Prince
| Widely-recognized UN member state. Haiti claimed the uninhabited United States possession of Navassa Island. | |
Holy See → Vatican City | ||
![]() Capital: Tegucigalpa
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Budapest
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
I | ||
![]() Capital: Reykjavík | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: New Delhi | Widely-recognized UN member state. India was a federation of twenty-eight states and ten union territories. [lower-alpha 28] Indian sovereignty over South Tibet was disputed by China. India administered part of the disputed region of Kashmir as the state of Jammu and Kashmir. | |
![]() Capital: Jakarta | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Tehran | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Baghdad | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Dublin | Widely-recognized UN member state. EEC member. | |
![]() Capital: Jerusalem | Widely-recognized UN member state. [lower-alpha 30] Israel occupied the Gaza Strip the Golan Heights, the Israeli Security Zone in Southern Lebanon (from 6 June 1982), the Sinai Peninsula (to 25 April 1982), and the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. These areas were not recognized as being part of Israel. | |
![]() Capital: Rome | Widely-recognized UN member state; EEC member. Italy had 5 autonomous regions and they were the Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily, and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. | |
![]() Capital: Yamoussoukro (official, from 21 March 1983), Abidjan (seat of government)
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
J | ||
![]() Capital: Kingston | Widely-recognized UN member state; Commonwealth realm. | |
![]() Capital: Tokyo | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Amman | Widely-recognized UN member state. Until 31 July 1988, Jordan claimed West Bank, including East Jerusalem, which were Israeli-occupied territories. | |
K | ||
![]() Capital: Phnom Penh
| Widely-recognized UN member state. [lower-alpha 33] Claimed to be the sole legitimate government of Kampuchea, despite being in exile. | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Phnom Penh
| Partially recognized de facto independent state. [lower-alpha 33] Claimed to be the sole legitimate government of Kampuchea. The People's Republic of Kampuchea was occupied by Vietnam until 25 September 1989. | |
![]() Capital: Nairobi | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: South Tarawa | Widely-recognized independent state. | |
![]() Capital: Pyongyang | Widely-recognized independent state. [lower-alpha 35] Permanent observer at the UN; claimed to be the sole legitimate government of Korea. | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Seoul
| Widely-recognized independent state. [lower-alpha 36] Permanent observer at the UN; claimed to be the sole legitimate government of Korea. | |
![]() Capital: Kuwait City | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
L | ||
![]() Capital: Vientiane | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Beirut | Widely-recognized UN member state; Lebanon was occupied by Syria. Some of Southern Lebanon was occupied by Israel (from 6 June 1982). | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Maseru | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Monrovia | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Tripoli, Libya
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Vaduz | Widely-recognized independent state. [lower-alpha 21] The defense of Liechtenstein was the responsibility of Switzerland. | |
![]() Capital: Luxembourg | Widely-recognized UN member state. EEC member. | |
M | ||
![]() Capital: Antananarivo | Widely-recognized UN member state. Madagascar claimed the French possessions of Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands and Juan de Nova Island. It also claimed Banc du Geyser (disputed by Comoros and France) | |
![]() Capital: Lilongwe | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Kuala Lumpur | Widely-recognized UN member state. Malaysia was a federation of thirteen states and two federal territories. [lower-alpha 38] Malaysia claimed part of the Spratly Islands (disputed by the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Brunei). | |
![]() Capital: Malé | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Bamako | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Valletta | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Majuro | Widely-recognized state under Compact of Free Association with the United States. The Marshall Islands claimed the United States territory of Wake Island. | |
![]() Capital: Nouakchott | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Port Louis | Widely-recognized UN member state; Commonwealth realm. Mauritius had three dependencies: Agalega Islands, Cargados Carajos and Rodrigues. It claimed the British Indian Ocean Territory and the French territory of Tromelin Island. | |
![]() Capital: Mexico City | Widely-recognized UN member state. Mexico was a federation of 31 states and one federal district. [lower-alpha 40] | |
![]() Capital: Kolonia (to 1989) Palikir (from 1989) | Widely-recognized state under Compact of Free Association with the United States. The FSM was a federation of four states. [lower-alpha 42] | |
![]() Capital: Monaco | Widely-recognized independent state. Permanent observer at the UN.The defense of Monaco was the responsibility of France. | |
![]() Capital: Ulaanbaatar | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Rabat | Widely-recognized UN member state. Morocco claimed sovereignty over and controlled most of the disputed Western Sahara, which was home to the de facto independent Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. Morocco disputed the Spanish sovereignty over Ceuta, Isla de Alborán, Isla Perejil, Islas Chafarinas, Melilla, and Peñón de Alhucemas. | |
![]() ![]() ![]() Capital: Maputo | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
Myanmar → Burma | ||
N | ||
![]() Capital: Yaren (unofficial) | Widely-recognized independent state. The defense of Nauru was the responsibility of Australia. | |
![]() Capital: Kathmandu | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Amsterdam (official), The Hague (seat of government) | Widely-recognized UN member state. The Kingdom of the Netherlands consisted of three autonomous countries:
The Kingdom of the Netherlands as a whole was a member of the EEC, but Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles were not. | |
![]() Capital: Wellington
| Widely-recognized UN member state; Commonwealth realm. New Zealand had responsibilities for the two free associated states of: It also had sovereignty over two dependent territories:
The government of Tokelau claimed Swains Island, part of American Samoa (a U.S. dependence). New Zealand did not recognize this claim since 25 March 1981. | |
![]() Capital: Managua | Widely-recognized UN member state. Nicaragua had two autonomous regions: Región Autónoma del Atlántico Norte (from 1987) and Región Autónoma del Atlántico Sur (from 1987). | |
![]() Capital: Niamey | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Lagos
| Widely-recognized UN member state. Nigeria was a federation of 21 states and one federal territory. [lower-alpha 44] | |
![]() Capital: Alofi | A state in free association with New Zealand. Niue is a member of multiple UN agencies with full treaty making capacity. It had shared citizenship with New Zealand. | |
![]() Capital: Lefkoşa | Partially recognized de facto independent state. [lower-alpha 46] Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus. | |
![]() Capital: Oslo | Widely-recognized UN member state. Norway had two integral overseas areas: Jan Mayen and Svalbard. The latter of area had a special status due to the Spitsbergen Treaty. Norway had sovereignty over the following dependencies:
| |
O | ||
![]() Capital: Muscat | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
P | ||
![]() Capital: Islamabad | Widely-recognized UN member state. Pakistan was a federation of four provinces and four territories; it administered part of the disputed region of Kashmir as the territories of Azad Kashmir and the Northern Areas. [lower-alpha 47] | |
![]() (non-sovereign, non-UN member nation) Capital: Ramallah (administrative), Gaza City (administrative), Jerusalem (claimed) | Disputed region consisting of two occupied territories: the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. The declared State of Palestine, which claimed independence for all the Palestinian territories from 15 November 1988, was recognized by a large number of countries. In foreign relations, Palestine was represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization, which was a permanent observer at the United Nations. | |
![]() Capital: Panama City | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Port Moresby | Widely-recognized UN member state; Commonwealth realm. | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Asunción | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Lima
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() ![]() ![]() Capital: Manila
| Widely-recognized UN member state. The Philippines had one autonomous region: Muslim Mindanao (from 1 August 1989). The Philippines administered Scarborough Shoal, which was disputed by the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China. It also claimed sovereignty over the Spratly Islands (disputed by the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China, Vietnam, Brunei, and Malaysia) and the Malaysian territory of Sabah. | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Warsaw
| Widely-recognized UN member state. Poland's government was still in exile Eastern European Country | |
![]() Capital: Lisbon | Widely-recognized UN member state. EEC member (from 1 January 1986). Portugal had two autonomous regions: the Azores and Madeira. Portugal had one Chinese territory which it administered as a dependency: Portugal claimed sovereignty over the former colony of Portuguese Timor, which had been annexed by Indonesia. It also claimed the Spanish municipalities of Olivenza and Táliga. | |
Q | ||
![]() Capital: Doha | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
R | ||
![]() ![]() Capital: Bucharest
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Kigali | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Kasese | De facto independent state. Not recognized by any other state. Claimed by Uganda. | |
S | ||
![]() Capital: Bir Lehlou (official), Rabouni (seat of government-in-exile), El Aaiún (claimed) | Partially recognized de facto independent state. The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claimed the disputed territory of Western Sahara, most of which was under control of Morocco. The territories under its control, the so-called Free Zone, were claimed by Morocco. Its government resided in exile in Tindouf, Algeria. | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Basseterre
| Associated state of the United Kingdom (to 18 September 1983); widely-recognized independent state (from 19 September 1983). UN member state (from 23 September 1983); Commonwealth realm. Saint Kitts and Nevis was a federation of fourteen parishes within two islands. [lower-alpha 56] Nevis (which was one of the islands) had autonomy. | |
![]() Capital: Castries | Widely-recognized UN member state; Commonwealth realm. | |
![]() ![]() ![]() Capital: Kingstown | Widely-recognized independent state. UN member state (from 16 September 1980); Commonwealth realm. | |
![]() Capital: San Marino | Widely-recognized independent state. | |
![]() Capital: São Tomé | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Riyadh | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Dakar | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Victoria | Widely-recognized UN member state; the Seychelles claimed the British Indian Ocean Territory and the French territories of Tromelin Island and the Glorioso Islands. | |
![]() Capital: Freetown | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Singapore | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Honiara | Widely-recognized UN member state; Commonwealth realm. | |
![]() Capital: Mogadishu | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial) | Widely-recognized UN member state. South Africa had seven autonomous bantustans: Ciskei (to 4 December 1981), Gazankulu, KaNgwane (from 31 August 1984), KwaNdebele (from 1 April 1981), KwaZulu, Lebowa, and QwaQwa. There were also four bantustans which were nominally independent: Bophuthatswana, Ciskei (from 4 December 1981), Transkei, and Venda. South Africa administered one League of Nations mandate: | |
![]() Capital: Moscow | Widely-recognized UN member state. The Soviet Union was a federation of 15 republics, two of which (Byelorussia and Ukraine) were UN members in their own right. [lower-alpha 57] | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Madrid
| Widely-recognized UN member state; EEC member (from 1 January 1986). Spain consisted of seventeen autonomous communities. Its sovereignty over Ceuta, Isla de Alborán, Isla Perejil, Islas Chafarinas, Melilla and Peñón de Alhucemas was disputed by Morocco. Its sovereignty over Olivenza and Táliga was disputed by Portugal. It claimed the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. | |
![]() Capital: Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Khartoum
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Paramaribo | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Mbabane (administrative), Lobamba (royal and legislative) | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Stockholm | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Bern | Widely-recognized independent state; permanent observer at the UN. Switzerland was a federation of 26 cantons. [lower-alpha 59] | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Damascus | Widely-recognized UN member state. Syria included the Golan Heights, which were occupied by Israel. It disputed the Turkish sovereignty over Hatay Province. | |
T | ||
![]() Capital: Isangel | De facto independent state. Claimed by the Anglo-French New Hebrides Condominium. | |
![]() Capital: Trincomalee | Unrecognized de facto self-governing entity. Claimed by Sri Lanka. | |
![]() Capital: Dar es Salaam | Widely-recognized UN member state. Tanzania had one autonomous region: Zanzibar. | |
![]() Capital: Bangkok | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Lomé | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Nukuʻalofa | Widely-recognized independent state. | |
![]() Capital: Umtata | Nominally independent South African bantustan. | |
![]() Capital: Port of Spain | Widely-recognized UN member state. Trinidad and Tobago had one autonomous island: Tobago (from 23 September 1980). | |
![]() Capital: Tunis | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Ankara | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Funafuti | Widely-recognized independent state; Commonwealth realm. | |
U | ||
![]() Capital: Kampala
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Abu Dhabi | Widely-recognized UN member state; the United Arab Emirates was a federation of seven emirates. [lower-alpha 61] | |
![]() Capital: London | Widely-recognized UN member state. EEC member. The United Kingdom was composed of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. The United Kingdom had responsibilities for the following self-governing free associated states:
The United Kingdom administered the foreign affairs of the following protected states:
It also had sovereignty over the following crown colonies (dependent territories after 1 January 1983):
In addition, the British Monarch had direct sovereignty over three self-governing Crown dependencies: | |
![]() Capital: Washington, D.C. | Widely-recognized UN member state; the United States was a federation of 50 states, one federal district, and one incorporated territory. [lower-alpha 62] It asserted sovereignty over the following inhabited insular areas:
In addition, the United States administered one United Nations Trust Territory:
The United States ceded Roncador Bank and Serrana Bank to Colombia and abandoned its claim to Quita Sueño Bank on 17 September 1981, but it did not explicitly renounce its claims to Serranilla Bank or Bajo Nuevo Bank. According to some government sources, these islands are still considered to be unincorporated territories of the United States. | |
![]() ![]() Capital: Ouagadougou
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Montevideo
| Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
V | ||
![]() Capital: Port Vila | Widely-recognized independent state; UN member state (from 15 September 1981). | |
![]() Capital: Vatican City | Widely-recognized independent state. Vatican City was administered by the Holy See, a sovereign entity recognized by a large number of countries and a Permanent observer at the United Nations. The Holy See also administered a number of extraterritorial properties in Italy. The Pope was the ex officio head of state of Vatican City. | |
![]() Capital: Luganville | De facto independent state. Not recognized by any other state. [lower-alpha 66] Claimed by the Anglo-French New Hebrides Condominium. | |
![]() Capital: Thohoyandou | Nominally independent South African bantustan. [lower-alpha 10] | |
![]() Capital: Caracas | Widely-recognized UN member state. Venezuela was a federation of 20 states, two territories, one federal dependency, and one federal district. [lower-alpha 67] | |
![]() Capital: Hanoi | Widely-recognized UN member state. Vietnam claimed sovereignty over the Paracel Islands (disputed by the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China) and Spratly Islands (disputed by the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China, Brunei, the Philippines, and Malaysia). | |
W | ||
![]() Capital: Apia | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
Y | ||
![]() Capital: Sana'a | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Aden | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Belgrade | Widely-recognized UN member state; Yugoslavia was a federation of six republics. [lower-alpha 68] | |
Z | ||
![]() Capital: Kinshasa | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Lusaka | Widely-recognized UN member state. | |
![]() Capital: Salisbury (renamed Harare in 1982) | Widely-recognized independent state; UN member state (from 25 August 1980). | |
Excluded from the list above are the following noteworthy entities which either were not fully sovereign or did not claim to be independent:
The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world. The official print version is available from the Government Publishing Office. The Factbook is available in the form of a website that is partially updated every week. It is also available for download for use off-line. It provides a two- to three-page summary of the demographics, geography, communications, government, economy, and military of 266 international entities, including U.S.-recognized countries, dependencies, and other areas in the world.
A dependent territory, dependent area, or dependency is a territory that does not possess full political independence or sovereignty as a sovereign state and remains politically outside the controlling state's integral area. As such, a dependent territory includes a range of non-integrated not fully to non-independent territory types, from associated states to non-self-governing territories.
An associated state is the minor partner or dependent territory in a formal, free relationship between a political territory and a major party—usually a larger nation.
This gallery of sovereign state flags shows the national or state flags of sovereign states that appear on the list of sovereign states. For flags of other entities, please see gallery of flags of dependent territories. Each flag is depicted as if the flagpole is positioned on the left of the flag, except for those of Iran, Iraq and Saudi Arabia which are depicted with the hoist to the right.
A secular state is an idea pertaining to secularity, whereby a state is or purports to be officially neutral in matters of religion, supporting neither religion nor irreligion. A secular state claims to treat all its citizens equally regardless of religion, and claims to avoid preferential treatment for a citizen based on their religious beliefs, affiliation or lack of either over those with other profiles.
West Indies Associated States was the collective name for a number of islands in the Eastern Caribbean whose status changed from being British colonies to states in free association with the United Kingdom in 1967. These states were Antigua, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent.
A list of former and present British colonies, dependencies and dates when they severed legal ties with Britain:
The monarchy of Saint Kitts and Nevis is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Saint Kitts and Nevis. The current monarch of Saint Kitts and Nevis, since 8 September 2022, is King Charles III. As sovereign, he is the personal embodiment of the Crown of Saint Kitts and Nevis. Although the person of the sovereign is equally shared with 14 other independent countries within the Commonwealth of Nations, each country's monarchy is separate and legally distinct. As a result, the current monarch is officially titled King of Saint Christopher and Nevis and, in this capacity, he and other members of the royal family undertake public and private functions domestically and abroad as representatives of Saint Kitts and Nevis. However, the King is the only member of the royal family with any constitutional role.
The Constitution of Saint Kitts and Nevis was adopted on 23 June 1983 and took effect when the country became independent on 19 September 1983. It consists of 11 chapters and various schedules, which establish the rights, responsibilities and definition of the citizens of the federation. It also provides the form and structure of government, and enumerates the powers of the different branches of government. Its treatment of the island of Nevis is rather unusual among federated nations.
The following lists events that happened during 2022 in the Caribbean.
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: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)28 December 1989: The name of the country was changed by decree to Romania.
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