List of presidents of Somalia

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The president of Somalia (Somali : Madaxaweynaha Soomaaliya) is the head of state of Somalia. There have been 9 official presidents since the office was created in 1960. The president is also the commander-in-chief of the Somali Armed Forces. The current office holder is Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, having been elected in the 2022 presidential election. He is the first person to have held the office on multiple occasions, having been previously elected in the 2012 presidential election and held the office from 2012–2017.

Contents

List

No.PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical partyElection
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
Flag of Somalia.svg • Somali Republic (1960–1969) • Coat of arms of Somalia.svg
1
Aden Abdulle Osman Daar.jpg
Aden Adde
(1908–2007)		1 July 196010 June 19676 years, 344 days SYL 1960
2
Abdirashid Ali Shermarke.jpg
Abdirashid Shermarke
(1919–1969)		10 June 196715 October 1969 †2 years, 127 days SYL 1967
–
Sheikh Mukhtar.jpg
Sheikh Mukhtar Mohamed Hussein
(1912–2012)
Acting
[a] 		15 October 196921 October 19696 days SYL —
Flag of Somalia.svg • Somali Democratic Republic (1969–1991) • Coat of arms of Somalia.svg
3
Siad Barre.png
Siad Barre [c]
(1910–1995)
[d] 		21 October 196926 January 199121 years, 97 days SRSP 1980 [e]
1986
Flag of Somalia.svg • Interim Government of Somalia (1991–2000) • Coat of arms of Somalia.svg
4
Ali Makhdi Mokhamed 08 (2020).png
Ali Mahdi Muhammad [g]
(1939–2021)		27 January 199127 August 20009 years, 213 days USC 1991
Technically vacant (3 January 1997–27 August 2000) [h]
Flag of Somalia.svg • Transitional national government of Somalia (2000–2004) • Coat of arms of Somalia.svg
5
Abdiqasimsalad.jpg
Abdiqasim Salad Hassan
(born 1941)		27 August 200014 October 20044 years, 48 days Independent 2000
Flag of Somalia.svg • Transitional federal government of Somalia (2004–2012) • Coat of arms of Somalia.svg
6
Somalian10ef5-1.jpg
Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed
(1934–2012)		14 October 200429 December 2008
(Resigned)		4 years, 76 days Independent 2004
–
Adan.png
Aden Madobe
(born 1957)
Acting		29 December 200831 January 200933 days RRA —
7
Somali President Sheik Sharif visits Balad Town 12 (7703057976) (cropped).jpg
Sharif Sheikh Ahmed
(born 1964)		31 January 200920 August 20123 years, 202 days ARS 2009
Flag of Somalia.svg • Federal Republic of Somalia (2012–present) • Coat of arms of Somalia.svg
–
Muse Hassan Abdulle.jpg
Muse Hassan Sheikh Sayid Abdulle [j]
(born 1940)
Acting		20 August 201228 August 20128 days Independent —
–
Jawari.png
Mohamed Osman Jawari
(1945–2024)
Acting		28 August 201216 September 201219 days Independent —
8
Hassan Sheikh Mohamud--StateDept Portrait-- (cropped).jpg
Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
(born 1955)		16 September 201216 February 20174 years, 153 days PDP 2012
9
Mohamed Abdullahi Farmajo (cropped).jpg
Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed
(born 1962)		16 February 201723 May 20225 years, 96 days TPP 2017
10
Khasan Sheikh Makhmud (15-06-2022) (cropped).jpg
Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
(born 1955)		23 May 2022Incumbent2 years, 302 days UPD 2022

Timeline

Mohamed Abdullahi MohamedHassan Sheikh MohamudMohamed Osman JawariMuse Sayyid HassanSharif Sheikh AhmedAden MadobeAbdullahi Yusuf AhmedAbdiqasim SaladAli Mahdi MuhammadSiad BarreSheikh Mukhtar Mohamed HusseinAbdirashid ShermarkeAden AddeList of presidents of Somalia

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Deposed in the 1969 coup d'état.
  2. Also styled as President of Supreme Revolutionary Council
  3. ↑ Also styled as President of Supreme Revolutionary Council
  4. ↑ Deposed in the Somali Rebellion.
  5. ↑ After the 1979 parliamentary election, the People's Assembly elected Barre President on 26 January 1980. [1]
  6. From November 1991 to 1995, Ali Mahdi Muhammad enjoyed recognition as President in the international community following the 1991 Djibouti conference: "at the second Djibouti conference (Aideed boycotted the first) held between 15 and 21 July 1991, Ali Mahdi was elected interim President of Somalia for a period of two years[...] Because of the legitimacy conferred on Ali Mahdi by the Djibouti conference, his government was recognized by several countries, including Djibouti, Egypt, Italy, and Saudi Arabia"; c.f. [2]
  7. ↑ From November 1991 to 1995, Ali Mahdi Muhammad enjoyed recognition as President in the international community following the 1991 Djibouti conference: "at the second Djibouti conference (Aideed boycotted the first) held between 15 and 21 July 1991, Ali Mahdi was elected interim President of Somalia for a period of two years[...] Because of the legitimacy conferred on Ali Mahdi by the Djibouti conference, his government was recognized by several countries, including Djibouti, Egypt, Italy, and Saudi Arabia"; c.f. [3]
  8. ↑ In the second half of the 1990s, different faction leaders vied for the Presidency, with none receiving international recognition. General Mohamed Farrah Aidid claimed to be President from 15 June 1995 to his death on 1 August 1996, followed by his son Hussein Farrah Aidid from 2 August 1996 to 20 March 1998.
  9. From 20 August 2012 to 28 August 2012, Muse Hassan Abdulle served as acting Speaker of the Parliament, and as such, as acting President while elections for a new Speaker and President were forthcoming. Per Article 95 of the provisional constitution Archived 2013-01-24 at the Wayback Machine : "If the Office of the President of the Federal Republic of Somalia falls vacant, the Speaker of the House of the People of the Federal Parliament shall act as President of the Federal Republic until such time as a new President of the Federal Republic is elected, within a maximum of thirty (30) days."; also c.f. [4]
  10. ↑ From 20 August 2012 to 28 August 2012, Muse Hassan Abdulle served as acting Speaker of the Parliament, and as such, as acting President while elections for a new Speaker and President were forthcoming. Per Article 95 of the provisional constitution Archived 2013-01-24 at the Wayback Machine : "If the Office of the President of the Federal Republic of Somalia falls vacant, the Speaker of the House of the People of the Federal Parliament shall act as President of the Federal Republic until such time as a new President of the Federal Republic is elected, within a maximum of thirty (30) days."; also c.f. [5]

References

  1. ↑ "SOMALIA 1979" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2022. Retrieved 16 April 2023.
  2. Fricska, Szilard Paul (1994). Harbinger of a new world order?: humanitarian intervention in Somalia (Thesis). University of British Columbia.
  3. ↑ Fricska, Szilard Paul (1994). Harbinger of a new world order?: humanitarian intervention in Somalia (Thesis). University of British Columbia.
  4. Rulers.org – August 2012, .
  5. ↑ Rulers.org – August 2012, .
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