Kargil district is a district in Indian-administered Ladakh in the disputed Kashmir-region,which is administered as a union territory of Ladakh. It is named after the city of Kargil,where the district headquarters lies. The district is bounded by the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir to the west,the Pakistani-administered administrative territory of Gilgit–Baltistan to the north,Ladakh's Leh district to the east,and the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh to the south. Encompassing three historical regions known as Purig,Dras and Zanskar,the district lies to the northeast of the Great Himalayas and encompasses the majority of the Zanskar Range. Its population inhabits the river valleys of the Dras,Suru,Wakha Rong,and Zanskar.
The Dogras,or Dogra people,are an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group living primarily in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and neighbouring Pakistan,consisting of the Dogri language speakers. They live predominantly in the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir,and in adjoining areas of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. Some also live in northeastern Pakistan. Their historical homeland is known as Duggar.
Kargil or Kargyil is a city in Indian-administered Ladakh in the disputed Kashmir region. It is the joint capital of Ladakh,an Indian-administered union territory. It is also the headquarters of the Kargil district. It is the second-largest city in Ladakh after Leh. Kargil is located 204 kilometres (127 mi) east of Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir,and 234 kilometres (145 mi) to the west of Leh. It is on the bank of the Suru River near its confluence with the Wakha Rong river,the latter providing the most accessible route to Leh.
Maharaja Gulab Singh Jamwal (1792–1857) was the founder of Dogra dynasty and the first Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir,which was a part of Sikh Empire became the largest princely state under the British Raj,which was created after the defeat of the Sikh Empire in the First Anglo-Sikh War. During the war,Gulab Singh would later side with the British and end up becoming the Prime Minister of Sikh Empire. The Treaty of Amritsar (1846) formalised the transfer of all the lands in Kashmir that were ceded to them by the Sikhs by the Treaty of Lahore.
Ladakh has a long history with evidence of human settlement from as back as 9000 b.c. It has been a crossroad of high Asia for thousands of years and has seen many cultures,empires and technologies born in its neighbours. As a result of these developments Ladakh has imported many traditions and culture from its neighbours and combining them all gave rise to a unique tradition and culture of its own.
Zorawar Singh was a military general of the Dogra Rajput ruler,Gulab Singh,who served as the Raja of Jammu under the Sikh Empire. He served as the governor (wazir-e-wazarat) of Kishtwar and extended the territories of the kingdom by conquering Ladakh and Baltistan. He also boldly attempted the conquest of Western Tibet but was killed in battle of To-yo during the Dogra-Tibetan war. In reference to his legacy of conquests in the Himalaya Mountains including Ladakh,Tibet,Baltistan and Skardu as General and Wazir,Zorowar Singh has been referred to as the "Napoleon of India",and "Conqueror of Ladakh".
The Namgyal dynasty was a dynasty whose rulers were the monarchs of the former kingdom of Ladakh that lasted from 1460 to 1842 and were titled the Gyalpo of Ladakh. The Namgyal dynasty succeeded the first dynasty of Maryul and had several conflicts with the neighboring Mughal Empire and various dynasties of Tibet,including the Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal War. The dynasty eventually fell to the Sikh Empire and Dogras of Jammu. Most of its known history is written in the Ladakh Chronicles.
The Dogra dynasty of Dogra Rajputs from the Shivalik hills created Jammu and Kashmir through the treaties with the East India Company following the First Anglo-Sikh war. Events led the Sikh Empire to recognise Jammu as a vassal state in 1820,and later the British added Kashmir to Jammu with the Treaty of Amritsar in 1846. The founder of the dynasty,Gulab Singh,was an influential noble in the court of the Sikh emperor Maharaja Ranjit Singh,while his brother Dhian Singh served as the prime minister of the Sikh Empire. Appointed by Ranjit Singh as the hereditary Raja of the Jammu principality,Gulab Singh established his supremacy over all the hill states surrounding the Kashmir Valley. After the First Anglo-Sikh War in 1846,under the terms of the Treaty of Lahore,1846,the British East India Company acquired Kashmir from the Sikh Empire and transferred it to Gulab Singh,recognising him as an independent Maharaja. Thus,Jammu and Kashmir was established as one of the largest princely states in India,receiving a 21-gun salute for its Maharaja in 1921. It was ruled by Gulab Singh and his descendants until 1947.
Kishtwar district is an administrative district of the Jammu division of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the Jammu Division. As of 2011,it is the largest and the least populous district of Jammu and Kashmir.
Maryul,also called mar-yul of mnga'-ris,was the western-most Tibetan kingdom based in modern-day Ladakh and some parts of Tibet. The kingdom had its capital at Shey.
The history of Azad Kashmir,a disputed part of the Kashmir region currently administered by Pakistan,is related to the history of the Kashmir region during the Dogra rule. Azad Kashmir borders the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the south and west respectively,Gilgit–Baltistan to the north,and the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir to the east. The region is claimed by India and has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947.
The Treaty of Chushul,or the Dogra–Tibetan Treaty of 1842,was a peace treaty signed between the Tibetan government of Ganden Phodrang and the Dogra raja Gulab Singh of Jammu,under the suzerainty of the Sikh Empire,following the Dogra–Tibetan war (1841-1842). It was signed in Leh in September 1842 restoring the status quo ante bellum,and for respecting the "old established frontiers" between Ladakh and Tibet. The treaty is often referred to as the "Treaty of Chushul",perhaps in recognition of the last battle of the war which took place near Chushul.
The Dogra–Tibetan war or Sino-Sikh war was fought from May 1841 to August 1842,between the forces of the Dogra Raja Gulab Singh of Jammu,under the suzerainty of the Sikh Empire,and those of Tibet,under the protectorate of the Qing dynasty. Gulab Singh's commander was the able general Zorawar Singh Kahluria,who,after the conquest of Ladakh,attempted to extend its boundaries in order to control the trade routes into Ladakh. Zorawar Singh's campaign,suffering from the effects of inclement weather,suffered a defeat at Taklakot (Purang) and Singh was killed. The Tibetans then advanced on Ladakh. Gulab Singh sent reinforcements under the command of his nephew Jawahir Singh. A subsequent battle near Chushul in 1842 led to a Tibetan defeat. A treaty was signed in 1842 maintaining the status quo ante bellum.
The Jammu division is a revenue and administrative division of the Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. It is bordered by the Kashmir division to the north. It consists of the districts of Jammu,Doda,Kathua,Ramban,Reasi,Kishtwar,Poonch,Rajouri,Udhampur and Samba. Most of the land is hilly or mountainous,including the Pir Panjal Range which separates it from the Kashmir Valley and part of the Great Himalayas in the eastern districts of Doda and Kishtwar. Its principal river is the Chenab.
Tangtse or Drangtse (Tibetan:བྲང་རྩེ,Wylie:brang rtse,THL:drang tsé) is a village in the Leh district of Ladakh,India. It is located in the Durbuk tehsil. Traditionally,it was regarded as the border between the Nubra region to the north and the Pangong region to the south. It was a key halting place on the trade route between Turkestan and Tibet. It was also a site of wars between Ladakh and Tibet.
The Dogra invasion of Ladakh was a successful military campaign led by Dogra Rajput general Zorawar Singh from August 1834 to October 1835 during the reign of Gulab Singh of Dogra dynasty against the Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh.
The Dogra invasion of Baltistan was a military campaign led by Dogra Rajput general Zorawar Singh Kalhuria against Maqpon dynasty under Raja Ahmed Shah,resulting in surrender of Ahmed Shah.
The Battle of Ladakh was one of the major engagements between the Dogra dynasty against the Tibetans under the Qing dynasty. The battle was fought on September 6,1842,and ended as a Dogra victory.
The Siege of Leh was a significant military engagement that took place in August 1842 during the ongoing conflicts between the Dogra dynasty and Tibetan forces allied with the Qing dynasty. The siege occurred in Leh,the capital of Ladakh,which was a contested region in northern India. General Zorawar Singh,a prominent commander under the Dogra dynasty,led the Dogra forces to victory,ultimately consolidating their control over Ladakh. The siege also witnessed a significant Ladakhi uprising against Dogra rule,though it was suppressed brutally by Dogra forces.
Krishna Mehta was an Indian politician,social worker,and the first woman member of parliament from Jammu and Kashmir. She is recognized for her contributions to social welfare and rehabilitation efforts in the aftermath of the 1947 Partition,as well as for her work in establishing institutions for disadvantaged women and refugees in Jammu and Kashmir.
