Merrill Lock No. 6 | |
Location | Pennsylvania Route 68 |
---|---|
Nearest city | Industry, Pennsylvania, United States [1] |
Coordinates | 40°40′7″N80°21′6″W / 40.66861°N 80.35167°W Coordinates: 40°40′7″N80°21′6″W / 40.66861°N 80.35167°W |
Area | 2.43 acres (9,830 m²) [2] |
Built | 1892–1904 |
Architect | United States Army Corps of Engineers |
Architectural style | Romanesque |
NRHP reference No. | 80003410 [3] |
Added to NRHP | September 4, 1980 |
The Merrill Lock No. 6 is the remnant of a historic lock and dam complex located along the Ohio River at Industry, Pennsylvania, United States. The remaining buildings, which now compose a restaurant, are together listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
The dam was built at the community of Merrill (now a part of the borough of Industry [4] ), near the mouth of Raccoon Creek, as part of the process of canalization of the Ohio River. Construction began at the site on June 2, 1892, several years before many of Pennsylvania's other Ohio River dams were started. By late 1903, construction was virtually complete; only the lock gates remained to be placed, as well as the necessary buildings that were yet unfinished. Within a year, the gates had been added and the buildings completed. [5] Operations began on August 3, 1904; the entire project had cost $1,123,441.80. [2] The complex was named for William Emery Merrill, [2] an officer of the United States Army Corps of Engineers who had been responsible for the earliest successful Ohio River dam in Pennsylvania. [6]
Lock No. 6 itself was a concrete structure, 600 feet by 110 feet (180 m by 33 m); its first gates were built of pine wood, but steel gates were eventually put in their place. It lay at the northern end of the dam, which had a 600-foot (180 m) spillway and included a weir and two other locks. The three buildings on the site were a three-story powerhouse (measuring about sixty feet/18 m square), which contained the machinery to operate the lock, and with two identical 2+1⁄2-story residences for the lock master and for the crew that worked at the site. All three buildings were built of brick on a concrete foundation and roofed with slate. [2]
Only one modification to the site was made during the lock's operational years. In the early 1920s, the engines in the powerhouse were converted from coal-burning to oil-burning; this was a purely interior change and had no effect on the exterior of the building. [2]
After the construction of the Montgomery Locks and Dam downstream in 1936, the Merrill Lock and Dam ceased to operate. [2] It was recognized for its historical integrity on September 4, 1980, when the buildings, all brick Romanesque structures, were listed on the National Register of Historic Places. [3] By this time, the buildings had been abandoned for nearly 45 years, but they still remained in their original places and in virtually original condition—a status unequalled by any comparable site. [2] After a period of reconstruction, the powerhouse was opened in early 2000 as a restaurant, the Lock 6 Landing. Its position along the riverside enables the restaurant to operate a marina for passing boaters. [1] The lock master's residence, located downstream of the powerhouse, [7] was removed at some point after the property was listed on the Register. [8]
Bonneville Lock and Dam consists of several run-of-the-river dam structures that together complete a span of the Columbia River between the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington at River Mile 146.1. The dam is located 40 miles (64 km) east of Portland, Oregon, in the Columbia River Gorge. The primary functions of Bonneville Lock and Dam are electrical power generation and river navigation. The dam was built and is managed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers. At the time of its construction in the 1930s it was the largest water impoundment project of its type in the nation, able to withstand flooding on an unprecedented scale. Electrical power generated at Bonneville is distributed by the Bonneville Power Administration. Bonneville Lock and Dam is named for Army Capt. Benjamin Bonneville, an early explorer credited with charting much of the Oregon Trail. The Bonneville Dam Historic District was designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1987.
Melton Hill Dam is a hydroelectric dam on the Clinch River just south of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States. The dam is operated by the Tennessee Valley Authority, which built the dam in the early 1960s to extend the Tennessee Valley's continuous navigation channel up the Clinch as far as Clinton and to increase TVA's overall power-generating capacity. The dam impounds the 5,470-acre (2,210 ha) Melton Hill Lake, and is the only TVA tributary dam serviced by a navigation lock. The dam and associated infrastructure were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.
Wheeler Dam is a hydroelectric dam on the Tennessee River between Lauderdale County and Lawrence County in Alabama. It is one of nine dams on the river owned and operated by the Tennessee Valley Authority, which built the dam in the mid-1930s as part of a New Deal-era initiative to improve navigation on the river and bring flood control and economic development to the region. The dam impounds the Wheeler Lake of 67,070 acres (27,140 ha) and its tailwaters feed into Wilson Lake.
The Lockport Powerhouse is a run-of-the-river dam used by the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago to control the outflow of the Sanitary and Ship Canal and limit the diversion of water from Lake Michigan into the Des Plaines River.
The Sault Ste. Marie Canal is a National Historic Site in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, and is part of the national park system, managed by Parks Canada. It includes a lock to bypass the rapids on the St. Marys River.
Kentucky Dam is a hydroelectric dam on the Tennessee River on the county line between Livingston and Marshall counties in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The dam is the lowermost of nine dams on the river owned and operated by the Tennessee Valley Authority, which built the dam in the late 1930s and early 1940s to improve navigation on the lower part of the river and reduce flooding on the lower Ohio and Mississippi rivers. It was a major project initiated during the New Deal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration, to invest in infrastructure to benefit the country. The dam impounds the Kentucky Lake of 160,000 acres (65,000 ha), which is the largest of TVA's reservoirs and the largest artificial lake by area in the Eastern United States. It was designated as an National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1996 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.
Hales Bar Dam was a hydroelectric dam once located on the Tennessee River in Marion County, Tennessee, United States. The Chattanooga and Tennessee River Power Company began building the dam on October 17, 1905, and completed it on November 11t, 1913, making Hales Bar one of the first major multipurpose dams and one of the first major dams to be built across a navigable channel in the United States. It began operation on November 13, 1913.
Lock and Dam No. 19 is a lock and dam located on the Upper Mississippi River near Keokuk, Iowa. In 2004, the facility was listed in the National Register of Historic Places as Lock and Dam No. 19 Historic District, #04000179 covering 1,605 acres (650 ha), 7 buildings, 12 structures, 1 object. The lock is owned and operated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The dam is owned and operated by Ameren Missouri.
Lock and Dam No. 20 is a lock and dam located on the Upper Mississippi River, near Meyer, Illinois, and about one mile upstream from Canton, Missouri.
The Lehigh Canal is a navigable canal that begins at the mouth of Nesquehoning Creek on the Lehigh River in eastern Pennsylvania. It was built in two sections over a span of 20 years beginning in 1818. The lower section spanned the distance between Easton and present-day Jim Thorpe. In Easton, the canal met the Delaware and Morris Canals, which allowed anthracite coal and other goods to be transported further up the U.S. East Coast. At its height, the Lehigh Canal was 72 miles (116 km) long.
Calderwood Dam is a hydroelectric dam located along the Little Tennessee River in Blount and Monroe counties, in the U. S. state of Tennessee. Completed in 1930, the dam is owned and maintained by Tapoco, a subsidiary of the Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa), although the Tennessee Valley Authority controls the dam's reservoir levels from Fontana Dam further upstream. Calderwood Dam is named for Alcoa engineer Isaac Glidden Calderwood (1871–1941), who supervised much of the company's early Little Tennessee River operations.
The Cascade Locks and Canal was a navigation project on the Columbia River between the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington, completed in 1896. It allowed the steamboats of the Columbia River to bypass the Cascades Rapids, and thereby opened a passage from the lower parts of the river as far as The Dalles. The locks were submerged and rendered obsolete in 1938, when the Bonneville Dam was constructed, along with a new set of locks, a short way downstream.
The Cannelton Locks and Dam is a tainter-gated dam with two locks on the Ohio River, on the border between the U.S. states of Indiana and Kentucky. The dam is 2 miles (3.2 km) southeast of Cannelton, Indiana. Construction of the locks began in July 1963. The locks began operation in December 1966 and were completed April 1967. Construction on the dam started in August 1965 and the dam was completed in 1974. The structure was designed, built, and is operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers Louisville District.
Starved Rock Lock and Dam, also known as Lock and Dam No. 6, is a lock and dam facility managed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers along the Illinois River. It is part of the Illinois Waterway and was constructed between 1926 and 1933. The lock and dam was added to the National Register of Historic Places as the Starved Rock Lock and Dam Historic District in 2004.
The Davis Island Lock and Dam Site on the Ohio river in Avalon, Pennsylvania, is the site of the former Davis Island lock that was completed in 1885.
Allegheny River Lock and Dam No. 5 is a historic lock and fixed-crest dam complex located at Gilpin Township and South Buffalo Township in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. It was built between 1920 and 1927 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, and consists of the lock, dam, esplanade, and Operations Building. The lock measures 56 feet by 360 feet, and has a lift of 11.6 feet. The dam measures approximately 22 feet high and 632 feet long.
Allegheny River Lock and Dam No. 6 is a historic lock and fixed-crest dam complex located at Bethel Township and South Buffalo Township in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. It was built between 1927 and 1928 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, and consists of the lock, dam, esplanade, Operations Building, and two locktenders' houses. The lock measures 56 feet by 360 feet, and has a lift of 12.4 feet. The dam measures approximately 20 feet high and 992 feet long. The Operations Building, or powerhouse, is a utilitarian two-story building in a vernacular early-20th century revival style. The locktenders' houses are identical two-story, brick dwellings on concrete foundations. The lock and dam were built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as a part of an extensive system of locks and dams to improve navigation along the Allegheny River.
Allegheny River Lock and Dam No. 7 is a historic lock and fixed-crest dam complex located at East Franklin Township, Pennsylvania and Kittanning in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. It was built between 1928 and 1930 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, and consists of the lock, dam, esplanade, and Operations Building. The lock measures 56 feet by 360 feet, and has a lift of 13.0 feet. The dam measures approximately 20 feet high and 916 feet long. The Operations Building, or powerhouse, is a utilitarian two-story building in a vernacular early-20th century revival style. The lock and dam were built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as a part of an extensive system of locks and dams to improve navigation along the Allegheny River.
Allegheny River Lock and Dam No. 8 is a historic lock and fixed-crest dam complex located at Boggs Township and Washington Township in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. It was built between 1929 and 1931 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, and consists of the lock, dam, esplanade, and Operations Building. The lock measures 56 feet by 360 feet, and has a lift of 17.8 feet. The dam measures approximately 50 feet high and 916 feet long; a three-foot addition was built on top of the dam in 1937. The Operations Building, or powerhouse, is a utilitarian two-story building in a vernacular early-20th century revival style. The lock and dam were built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as a part of an extensive system of locks and dams to improve navigation along the Allegheny River.
Allegheny River Lock and Dam No. 9 is a historic lock and fixed-crest dam complex located at Madison Township and Washington Township in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. It was built between 1935 and 1938 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, and includes the lock, dam, steel miter gates, and Operations Building. The lock measures 56 feet by 360 feet, and has a lift of 22 feet. The dam measures approximately 60 feet high and 918 feet long. The Operations Building, or powerhouse, is a utilitarian two-story building in a vernacular early-20th century revival style. The lock and dam were built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as a part of an extensive system of locks and dams to improve navigation along the Allegheny River.