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Planetary nomenclature, like terrestrial nomenclature, is a system of uniquely identifying features on the surface of a planet or natural satellite so that the features can be easily located, described, and discussed. Since the invention of the telescope, astronomers have given names to the surface features they have discerned, especially on the Moon and Mars. To found an authority on planetary nomenclature, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) was organized in 1919 to designate and standardize names for features on Solar System bodies.
Davies is a crater on Mars located at 46°N 0°E on the fringe of Acidalia Planitia near Arabia Terra. It is approximately 48 km in diameter. The crater's name was formally approved by the IAU in 2006.
Von Kármán is a large lunar impact crater that is located in the southern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. The crater is about 186 km (116 mi) in diameter and lies within an immense impact crater known as the South Pole–Aitken basin of roughly 2,500 km (1,600 mi) in diameter and 13 km (8.1 mi) deep. Von Kármán is the site of the first soft-landing on the lunar far side by the Chinese Chang'e 4 spacecraft on 3 January 2019.
Mariko is an impact crater on Venus. In 1997 it was named for a common female Japanese first name, in accordance with planetary nomenclature rules for Venusian craters under 20 km in diameter.
Mons is a mountain on a celestial body. The term is used in planetary nomenclature: it is a part of the international names of such features. It is capitalized and usually stands after the proper given name, but stands before it in the case of lunar mountains.
Agnesi is a crater on the planet Venus. It was named after Maria Gaetana Agnesi, an Italian mathematician; Venusian craters are named after notable women. The crater was named by the International Astronomical Union's Working Group on Planetary System Nomenclature in 1991. It is located at 39.4 degrees south and 37.7 degrees east. The crater is 42.4 kilometers in diameter.
Gregory is a crater on Venus named after Irish playwright Isabella Augusta Gregory by the IAU in 1994.
PateraPAT-ər-ə is an irregular crater, or a complex crater with scalloped edges on a celestial body. Paterae can have any origin, although the majority of them were created by volcanism. The term comes from Latin, where it refers to a shallow bowl used in antique cultures.
References
- ↑ "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature - Nanichi". International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
- ↑ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Nanichi on Venus". Planetary Names. Retrieved August 11, 2019.
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