Neotinea

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Neotinea
Neotinea lactea.JPG
Neotinea lactea
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Orchideae
Subtribe: Orchidinae
Genus: Neotinea
Rchb.f.
Type species
Neotinea maculata
Synonyms [1]
  • TineaBiv., illegitimate
  • OdontorchisD.Tyteca & E.Klein

Neotinea is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to much of Europe, the Mediterranean region, and the islands of the eastern Atlantic, from the Canaries, Madeira and Ireland east to Iran and Western Siberia. [1] [2]

Contents

Description

The Neotinea species are relatively low-growing and small, perennial herbaceous plants. They form ovoid tubers as outlasting organs, so they belong to the geophytes. Each plant has two tubers, one old (previous year) and one new (this year). The erect stem is often slightly bluish. There are two to four leaves in a basal rosette and one or two more on the stem, these can be spotted or unspotted.

The densely flowered inflorescence is cylindrical in outline, sometimes conical. The bracts are formed as membranous bracts. The hermaphrodite flowers are relatively small, they are greenish white, straw-colored, whitish or pink in color, zygomorphic and triad. The bracts, especially the lip, are often mottled darker pink to purple or have a line drawing. The lip has three lobes, the middle lobe is occasionally divided into two, and its surface is often covered with small papillae. The spur is always present, it can be short and conical or longer and cylindrical. The five other petals (sepals and petals) are tilted forward together, forming a helmet. The columna is short, with two large lateral scars that meet at the bottom. The two pollinia are short-stalked. As with all orchids, the seeds are very numerous and dust-fine, often only 1/4 millimeter in size and a millionth of a gram in weight. [3]

Taxonomy

The genus Neotinea is named after an Italian botanist, Vincenzo Tineo (1791-1856), who was Director of Palermo botanical garden and later the Chancellor of Palermo University. His published works include 'Plantarum rariorum Sicilae' (1817) and 'Catalogus plantarum horti' (1827) [4] The formerly monotypic genus Neotinea was extended in a revision of the Subtribe Orchidinae by Bateman in 1997 on the basis of genetic characters to include the species in the Galericulatae section of the genus Orchis.

Species

As of June 2014, the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families accepts four divided into two sections including one of natural hybrid. [1]

SectionImageNameSubspeciesDistribution
Section Neotinea Neotinea maculata kz1.jpg Neotinea maculata (Desf.) StearnAsia Minor and parts of Europe and North Africa.
Section TridentataeH.Kretzschmar, Eccarius & H.Dietr. Neotinea Lactea 1.jpg Neotinea lactea (Poir.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase (syn. Orchis lactea)Europe from France to Turkey and in two North African countries: Algeria and Tunisia.
Orchis tridentata.jpg Neotinea tridentata (Scop.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase (syn. Orchis tridentata)
  • Neotinea tridentata subsp. tridentataR. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase
  • Neotinea tridentata subsp. conicaR. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Morocco to south-western France
southern Europe from Spain to Turkey; northwards to the Crimea, Poland and Germany.
Burnt-tip Orchid Neotinea ustulata (31037995588).jpg Neotinea ustulata (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase (syn. Orchis ustulata)
  • Neotinea ustulata var. aestivalis(Kümpel) Tali, M.F.Fay & R.M.Bateman
  • Neotinea ustulata var. ustulata(L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase
central and southern Europe

Natural Hybrids

ImageNameParentageDistribution
Orchis tridentata x Orchis ustulata-002.jpg Neotinea × dietrichiana (Bogenh.) H.Kretzschmar, Eccarius & H.Dietr.(N. tridentata × N. ustulata)Europe

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 "Search for Neotinea", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families , Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew , retrieved 2014-06-11
  2. Altervista Flora Italiana, Neotinea
  3. Pridgeon, Alec (1999). Genera orchidacearum (in Swedish). Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-850710-9. OCLC   42870567.
  4. Plant Lives - Plant Biographies