Northern collared lemming | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Mammalia |
Order: | Rodentia |
Family: | Cricetidae |
Subfamily: | Arvicolinae |
Genus: | Dicrostonyx |
Species: | D. groenlandicus |
Binomial name | |
Dicrostonyx groenlandicus (Traill, 1823) | |
Northern collared lemming range (not including the Wrangel lemming) [1] | |
Synonyms | |
kilangmiutakAnderson & Rand, 1945 Contents |
The northern collared lemming or Nearctic collared lemming (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus), sometimes called the Peary Land collared lemming in Canada, is a small lemming found in Arctic North America and Wrangel Island. At one time, it was considered to be a subspecies of the Arctic lemming (Dicrostonyx torquatus). Some sources believe several other species of collared lemmings found in North America are actually subspecies of D. groenlandicus. [2]
It has a short chunky body covered with thick grey fur with a thin black stripe along its back and light grey underparts.[ citation needed ] It has small ears, short legs and a very short tail.[ citation needed ] It has a pale brown collar across its chest.[ citation needed ] In winter, its fur turns white, and it has large digging claws on its front feet.[ citation needed ] It is 14 cm (5.5 in) long with a 1.5 cm (0.59 in) tail and weighs about 40 g (1 oz).[ citation needed ]
It is found in the tundra of northern Canada, Alaska and Greenland. A disjunct population is also present on Wrangel Island in Siberia; this population was formerly considered its own species, the Wrangel lemming (D. vinogradovi). [3] [4] [5]
It feeds on grasses, sedges and other green vegetation in summer, and twigs of willow, aspen and birches in winter.[ citation needed ]
Predators include snowy owls, gulls, wolverines, the Arctic fox and the polar bear.[ citation needed ]
Female lemmings have two or three litters of four to eight young in a year. The young are born in a nest in a burrow or concealed in vegetation.[ citation needed ]
It is active year-round, day and night.[ citation needed ] It makes runways through the surface vegetation and also digs burrows above the permafrost.[ citation needed ] It burrows under the snow in winter.[ citation needed ] Lemming populations go through a three- or four-year cycle of boom and bust.[ citation needed ] When their population peaks, lemmings disperse from overcrowded areas.[ citation needed ]
The Norway lemming, also known as the Norwegian lemming is a common species of lemming found in northern Fennoscandia, where it is the only vertebrate species endemic to the region. The Norway lemming dwells in tundra and fells, and prefers to live near water. Adults feed primarily on sedges, grasses and moss. They are active at both day and night, alternating naps with periods of activity.
The southern short-tailed shrew is a gray, short-tailed shrew that inhabits the eastern United States.
The northern bog lemming is a small North American lemming. It is one of two species in the genus Synaptomys, the other being the southern bog lemming. It is sometimes placed in its own genus, Mictomys.
The tundra vole or root vole is a medium-sized vole found in Northern and Central Europe, Asia, and northwestern North America, including Alaska and northwestern Canada. In the western part of the Netherlands, the tundra vole is a relict from the ice age and has developed into the subspecies Alexandromys oeconomus arenicola.
The southern bog lemming is a small North American lemming. Its range overlaps with the other species in genus Synaptomys, the northern bog lemming, in southeastern Canada, but extends farther south.
The Ungava collared lemming or Labrador collared lemming is a small North American lemming.
The Richardson's collared lemming is a small North American lemming. At one time, they were considered to be a subspecies of the Arctic lemming, Dicrostonyx torquatus. Some sources believe they are a subspecies of the northern collared lemming, Dicrostonyx groenlandicus.
The Canadian lemming or Nearctic brown lemming is a small North American lemming.
Dicrostonyx is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It contains the collared lemmings or varying lemmings. They are the only North American rodents that turn completely white in winter. It contains the following species:
Nelson's collared lemming is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
The Ogilvie Mountains collared lemming is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Yukon Territory, Canada. Its natural habitat is tundra.
The Arctic lemming is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
The West Siberian lemming or Western Siberian brown lemming is a true lemming species found in the Russian Federation. Like other lemmings, it belongs to the family Cricetidae of rodents.
The Ciscaucasian hamster is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is also known as the Georgian hamster and is found only in Georgia and Russia.
The short-tailed bandicoot rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. Other common names include short-tailed mole-rat, Indian bandicoot, bandicoot-rat, flat-tooth rat and short-tailed nesokia.
Although the bulk of its area is covered by ice caps inhospitable to most forms of life, Greenland's terrain and waters support a wide variety of plant and animal species. The northeastern part of the island is the world's largest national park. The flora and fauna of Greenland are strongly susceptible to changes associated with climate change.
A lemming is a small rodent, usually found in or near the Arctic in tundra biomes. Lemmings form the subfamily Arvicolinae together with voles and muskrats, which form part of the superfamily Muroidea, which also includes rats, mice, hamsters and gerbils. In popular culture, a longstanding myth holds that they exhibit herd mentality and jump off cliffs, committing mass suicide.
The Paraguayan bolo mouse or Paraguayan akodont is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. According to the IUCN, it is present in Bolivia, Paraguay, and Peru, and possibly also in Argentina and Brazil. It is found at elevations from 300 to 2,030 m in a variety of habitats, including cerrado, chaco, and heath pampas.
Pebble-mound mice are a group of rodents from Australia in the genus Pseudomys. They are small, brownish mice with medium to long, often pinkish brown tails. Unlike some other species of Pseudomys, they construct mounds of pebbles around their burrows, which play an important role in their social life.
The East Siberian lemming, Eastern Siberian brown lemming, or Ognev's lemming is a species of lemming endemic to Russia, where it has a disjunct distribution throughout parts of Siberia east of the Verkhoyansk Range.