Offa, Nigeria

Last updated

Offa
Olalomi
City
Nigeria location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Offa
Location in Nigeria
Coordinates: 8°9′N4°43′E / 8.150°N 4.717°E / 8.150; 4.717
CountryFlag of Nigeria.svg  Nigeria
State Kwara State
LGA(s) Offa
Population
 (2006)
 • Total88,975 [1]
Time zone UTC+1 (WAT)
National language Yorùbá
Offa, Nigeria

Offa is a city in Kwara State of Nigeria, with a population of about 166,112 inhabitants. The town is noted for its weaving and dyeing trade, using vegetable dyes made from locally grown indigo and other plants. [2] Offa is well known for the cultivation of sweet potatoes and maize which also formed part of the favourite staple foods for the indigenes in the town. [3] [4] Cattle, goats and sheep are also raised there. The main religions practiced in the town are Islam, Christianity and traditional religions.

Contents

The ancient tradition for which the town is known for is wrestling. [5] Offatedo in Osun state, Iyana Offa in Oyo State, Offa in Côte d'Ivoire were established by the people of Offa.

Offa is centrally located. [6] There is a big market in the city centre, known as "Owode market", which serves both the members of the community and its neighboring towns. [7]

History

Oba Okunoye reigned for five years before he died at war. His successor, Oba Adegboye, fought for four years before leaving town. Balogun Agidiako, who was appointed by Okunoye, became an instrument of treachery to the Offa people, leading to the Jalumi War. Oba Okunoye requested assistance from Ibadan, but died in 1882 before the war ended. Oba Adegboye succeeded him and continued the war for another five years. [8]

Oba Adegboye of Offa ruled for 25 years, including the years he spent in Offatedo. Emir Monmon and Sule pleaded with him to return home, but the offer was rejected. Captain Bower approached Oba Adegboye and he reconsidered and returned home. When he arrived in Offa, he found Otakogbaiye or Arookan on the throne, so he had to leave and settle in Okoku for a year. but after continuous plead, he reconsidered and returned home, with the promise from Ilorin that Offa people would no longer be disturbed. [9]

Institutions

Traditional institutions

The supreme traditional ruler (king [10] ) of the town is the Olofa who is assisted by five High Chiefs namely Essa, Ojomu, Sawo, Asalofa and Balogun.

There are two hundred and five thousand traditional households. Since the founding of the town in late 14th century, twenty four Kings (Olofas) have ruled. [11] [12]

Offa Descendants Union

Image of offa Descendants Union entrance Offa Descendant's Union (O.D.U). Offa, kwara State.jpg
Image of offa Descendants Union entrance

The umbrella of the socio-cultural organisation in Offa is Offa Descendants Union, which was founded in Lagos, Nigeria by Offa indigenes on 13 October 1935. [13] All other socio-cultural groups in the town are affiliates of ODU. The union has branches in all states of Nigeria and abroad. [14] [15] It has been involved in development efforts like the establishment of secondary schools, encouragement of investors, medical outreaches, supporting artisans, and other professional bodies. [16] [17] [18]

First Baptist Church Offa First Baptist Church. Offa, Kwara State.jpg
First Baptist Church Offa

Educational institutions

Lens Polytechnic, Offa Sign post of Lens Polytechnic Offa.jpg
Lens Polytechnic, Offa
Federal Polytechnic, Offa permanent site Federal polytechnic Offa entrance.jpg
Federal Polytechnic, Offa permanent site

Offa indigenes are educated and the town has over one hundred professors in varied academic fields [19] with the Ijaiya family having 10 professors. [20] There are primary schools, secondary schools, [21] three polytechnics, and three universities. The first primary school is St. Mark's (Anglican) Primary School and was established in the year 1912 by the Church Missionary Society and Offa Grammar School which is the first community secondary school in defunct Northern Nigeria established in 1943. [22] [23] [24] [25] [22] [26] The Federal Polytechnic, Offa was established in 1992. [27] Other tertiary institutions include Kwara State College of Health Technology, Offa which was also established earlier in 1976; The Navy School of Health Sciences, Pan Africa College of Education, University of Offa (UNIOFFA) and National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN), Offa Study Centre, Lens Polytechnic, Graceland Polytechnic and Summit University (the University of Ansarudeen Society of Nigeria). [28] [29] [30] [31]

Healthcare

There are different categories of hospital in offa both public owned by the state government and private hospital owned by either community, associations and individuals.

Commerce

Owode market sign board Owode market offa.jpg
Owode market sign board
Image of owode market entrance Owode market. Offa Kwara State.jpg
Image of owode market entrance

Owode Market in Offa started over 40 years ago, it opens every five days. It is a key driver of economic development for the neighborhood as well as the nearby towns and villages of Ijagbo, Erin-ile, Ojoku, Ikotun, Igosun, Ilemona, Irra, Inisha, and others. [32]

On the 5th of April 2018, The Offa robbery occurred and claimed the lives of 18 people, including nine police officers and eight civilians, Owode Market was also a victim of this robbery. [33] [34] Offa Descendants Union, the community's leading social and cultural group prior to support from the state government, stepped in to help market customers, opening the way for the construction of the Owode Ultra Modern Market, which cost millions of Naira. This included the market being rebuilt and renovated with the help of other well-wishers and donors from the neighborhood to match the national standards. The Owode market has changed significantly since then.

Cultural ceremonies

Queen Moremi Statue Public sculpture Nigeria 107.jpg
Queen Moremi Statue

"Offa" means arrow in the Yoruba language, and the founder of the town was known as "Olofagangan" the warrior with a sharp arrow. Offa is the cultural headquarters of the Ibolo people, which was regarded as an integral part of the old Oyo Empire. [35] [36] The Ibolos are also found in the present Osun State. [35] [37] The major traditional ceremony is 'Onimoka', which is an annual event to celebrate the memory of Queen Moremi an Offa indigene who saved the Ile-Ife kingdom from invaders. [38] During the ceremony, wrestling contests are held in which the traditional Chiefs including the Olofa will engage in mock wrestling contests (Ijakadi). [38] [39] According to the Olofa during the eighth edition of the festival in December 2019, the festival demonstrates Offa people's "love for equity, justice, and fairness as well as the resilience and unity of the community". [38] [40]

Queen Moremi

Moremi Ajasoro, a princess in Yoruba folklore, was a figure of high significance in the history of the Yoruba peoples. She was a member-by-marriage of the royal family of Emperor Oduduwa and was the wife of King Oranmiyan of Ife. She was a brave and beautiful woman who offered anything she had to give in sacrifice to the spirit of the river Esimirin to discover the strength of her nation's enemies. She was taken as booty to the Igbo king and soon won the trust and affection of the king and people in Igbo land. The Igbo people of Ife were freed from the terrors of these previously invincible warriors when she escaped and returned to her first husband, King Oranmiyan of Ife. [41]

She sacrificed her only son Oluorogbo to fulfill her promise to Esimirin and was held in the highest esteem of any women in the Kingdom. The Edi Festival was started to celebrate her sacrifice, and public places are named after her in contemporary Nigeria. [42] [43]

Population

The provincial figure for the population of Offa Local Government Area by the National population Commission (FRN official Gazette no24 of May, 2007 Government Notice) is 46,266 males and 43,428 females, altogether 89,674. [44] [45]

Climate

The rainy season in Offa is warm, oppressive and cloudy, whereas the dry season is warm, muggy, and partially cloudy. The average annual temperature ranges from 63 to 92 degrees Fahrenheit, with lows and highs of 57 and 97 degrees Fahrenheit being extremely rare. [46]

From January 23 to April 4, the hot season, with an average daily high temperature above 90 °F, lasts for 2.4 months. With an average high of 91 °F and low of 72 °F, March is the hottest month of the year in Offa. [47]

The 3.8-month chilly season, which runs from June 19 to October 11, has an average daily maximum temperature of less than 83 °F. With an average low of 69 °F and a high of 81 °F, August is the coldest month of the year in Offa. [48]

Transportation in Offa

Offa's transportation system allows easy movement of products and services across Offa and its environs, using the roads such as (Okada, Koropé, keke NAPEP and Taxi) and Rail such as train for transit modes. [49]

Offa railway station was constructed by the British colonial government in 1896 with an interstate train station. [50] Offa serves as the beginning point for train travel to Lagos and other regions of the nation as one of the major stations along the Lagos-Ibadan-Ilorin rail route. In contrast to Ibadan terminus, which the general people referred to as a district, Offa terminus was constructed as the first terminal following Ibadan. Subsequently, Offa served as the administrative center for Oshogbo and Ilorin, both of which are currently state capitals in Nigeria. Offa attracted a lot of experts from around the globe due to its administrative position in control of Osogbo, Insha, Okuku, Erin-Ile, Ijagbo and Ilorin. [51]

Sports

Offa offers a variety of sports, including football, volleyball, boxing, wrestling, taekwondo, basketball and many others. [52]

Riots with Erin-Ile

Offa have been in several conflicts with neighboring town Erin-Ile. Despite located in different local government areas, disputes over land have continued for several years since 1973 when the Supreme Court first ruled on the issue.

In 2013, the federal polytechnic was closed down due to the riots with the Masjid Noor and the descendant union vandalised. Erin-Ile was under attack as well, which resulted in people living at the border relocating. [53]

List Of past Olofas

Bibliography

Notable people

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ifẹ</span> City in Osun State, Nigeria

Ifẹ̀ is an ancient Yoruba city in south-western Nigeria, founded approximately between the 1000 BC and 600 BC. The city is located in present-day Osun State. Ifẹ̀ is about 218 kilometers northeast of Lagos with a population of over 500,000 people, which is the highest in Osun State according to population census of 2006.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Osogbo</span> Capital city of Osun State, Nigeria

Osogbo is a city in Nigeria. It became the capital city of Osun State in 1991. Osogbo city seats the Headquarters of both Osogbo Local Government Area and Olorunda Local Government Area. It is some 88 kilometers by road northeast of Ibadan. It is also 108 kilometres (67 mi) by road south of Ilorin and 108 kilometres (67 mi) northwest of Akure. Osogbo shares boundaries with Ikirun, Ilesa, Ede, Egbedore, Ogbomosho and Iragbiji and it is easily accessible from any part of the state because of its central nature. It is about 48 km from Ife, 32 km from Ilesa, 46 km from Iwo, 48 km from Ikire and 46 km from Ila-Orangun; the city had a population of about 200,000 people and an approximate land area of 126 km. The postal code of the area is 230.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ede, Osun</span> Town in Osun State, Nigeria

Ẹdẹ is a town in Osun State, southwestern Nigeria. It lies along the Osun River at a point on the railroad from Lagos, 180 kilometres (110 mi) southwest, and at the intersection of roads from Oshogbo, Ogbomosho, and Ile-Ife. The two (2) local government areas in Ẹdẹ are Ẹdẹ South and Ẹdẹ North. There are three (3) major tertiary institutions in Ẹdẹ, which makes the town one of the fastest growing towns in the south-west with an increasing literacy rate. The Federal Polytechnic Ẹdẹ, Adeleke University, and Redeemer's University are among the institutions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yorubaland</span> Cultural region of the Yoruba people in West Africa

Yorubaland is the homeland and cultural region of the Yoruba people in West Africa. It spans the modern-day countries of Nigeria, Togo and Benin, and covers a total land area of 142,114 km2 (54,871 sq mi). Of this land area, 106,016 km2 (74.6%) lies within Nigeria, 18.9% in Benin, and the remaining 6.5% is in Togo. Prior to European colonization, a portion of this area was known as Yoruba country. The geo-cultural space contains an estimated 55 million people, the majority of this population being ethnic Yoruba.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kwara State</span> State of Nigeria

Kwara State is a state in Western Nigeria, bordered to the east by Kogi State, to the north by Niger State, and to the south by Ekiti, Osun, and Oyo states, while its western border makes up part of the international border with Benin Republic. Its capital is the city of Ilorin and the state has 16 local government areas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Osun State</span> State of Nigeria

Osun State, occasionally known as the State of Osun by the state government, is a state in southwestern Nigeria; bounded to the east by Ekiti and Ondo states for 84 km and for 78 km respectively, to the north by Kwara State for 73 km, to the south by Ogun State for 84 km and to the west by Oyo State, mostly across the River Osun. Named for the River Osun—a vital river which flows through the state—the state was formed from the southeast of Oyo State on 27 August 1991 and has its capital as the city of Osogbo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oyo State</span> State of Nigeria

Oyo State is a state in southwestern Nigeria. Its capital is Ibadan, the third most populous city in the country and formerly the second most populous city in Africa. Oyo State is bordered to the north by Kwara State for 337 km, to the southeast by Osun State for 187 km, partly across the River Osun, and to the south by Ogun State, and to the west by the Republic of Benin for 98 km. With a projected population of 7,976,100 in 2022, Oyo State is the sixth most populous in the Nigeria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Moremi Ajasoro</span> Yoruba queen

Moremi Ajasoro was a legendary Yoruba queen and folk heroine in the Yorubaland region of present-day southwestern Nigeria who assisted in the liberation of the Yoruba kingdom of Ife from the neighbouring Ugbo Kingdom.

The Ìgbómìnà are a subgroup of the Yoruba ethnic group, which originates from the north central and southwest Nigeria. They speak a dialect called Ìgbómìnà or Igbonna, classified among the Central Yoruba of the three major Yoruba dialectical areas. The Ìgbómìnà spread across what is now southern Kwara State and northern Osun State. Peripheral areas of the dialectical region have some similarities to the adjoining Ekiti, Ijesha and Oyo dialects. Idoba is on Owode Ofaro Land

Inisa is a city in Osun State in the south-western Nigeria. It is in the Yoruba cultural and ethnic region of the country, and is a trading center for cocoa and other agricultural products grown in the surrounding area. Its population as of 2007 was 180,553. Inisa had been from time immemorial, a warrior community. She was deeply involved in the struggle for the survival of Yoruba race during the period of internecine wars and particularly, during the onslaught and incursions of the Fulani into Yorubaland in the 19th century. Inisa people participated actively in the series of the wars. They fought in the Osogbo war of 1840, the Jalumi War of 1878, the Ofa war (1886–1890) and the Daparu war. The Ofa war resulted from the desire of Ilorin-fulani to avenge their defeat at the Jalumi on Ofa and the neighboring towns. The war was fought during the reign of Oba Oloyede Ojo, Otepola 1. They laid siege on Ofa for several years before Ofa was eventually sacked around 1890. The Daparu war resulted from the sack and fall of Ofa. The Fulani now desired to sack all the towns and villages between Ofa and Osogbo and bring them under the rule of the Fulani of Ilorin. They continued to attack, raid, and wage wars against the people. Only Inisa was courageous enough to face the Fulani forces, as the other towns and villages were deserted, seeking refuge at the Ibadan war camp in Ikirun.

Ejigbo is a prominent city in Yoruba Land and the headquarters of Ejigbo Local Government Area, one of the oldest local government areas of Osun State in Nigeria. Ejigbo is strategically placed in the middle of the region, as 35 kilometres (22 mi) north-east of Iwo, 30 km (19 mi) from Ogbomoso in the north and 24 km (15 mi) from Ede in the south-east. It is about 40 km (25 mi) north-west of Osogbo, the capital of Osun State, and about 95 km (59 mi) north-east of Ibadan. It is part of the Ede North/Ede South/Egbedore/Ejigbo federal constituency. The population is 138,357 according to the GeoNames geographical database. The average elevation is 426 metres (1,398 ft).

Isin is a Local Government Area in Kwara State, Nigeria. Isin Local Government Area of Kwara State was created from the old Irepodun Local Government Area in 1996 with the headquarters at Owu-Isin. It has an area of 633 km2 and a population of 59,738 at the 2006 census.

Omupo or Omu-ipo is an ancient Igbomina-Yoruba town situated in the southeastern part of Kwara State. It is one of the prominent towns in Ifelodun Local Government Area of the State. It is the headquarters of 34 communities of Omupo District, the headquarters of Omupo/Idofian Area Council of Ifelodun Local Government. Omupo Constituency was also created in 1979 for a representative to the Kwara State House of Assembly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Omoniyi Abiri</span> Nigerian academic

John Omoniyi Abiri is a Nigerian academic.


Ipetumodu () is a city in Osun State, in the southwestern part of Nigeria. It is the headquarters of the Ife North local government. The city is under the leadership of traditional ruler with the title of Apetumodu, which means "one who killed an antelope for sacrificial purposes for Odu".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adeyeye Enitan Ogunwusi</span> Nigerian traditional ruler (born 1974)

Oba Adeyeye Enitan Ogunwusi is the 51st and current Ooni of Ife. He is the traditional ruler and monarch of the Yoruba kingdom of Ile-Ife. He ascended to the throne after the passing of Oba Okunade Sijuwade in August 2015.

Erin-Ile is an town and agrarian community in the Oyun LGA of Kwara State, Nigeria. It is an ancient town with history dating back to the 13th century. It was formerly the local government headquarters of Oyun local government before it got moved to Ilemona. Erin Ile was founded around 1225AD by prince Odumasa Apayaan and other warriors such as Olowe and others.

Omu-Aran the Head Post of Igbomina land, is a town in the Nigerian state of Kwara. It originated from Ife and currently the local government headquarters of Irepodun local government. Omu-Aran is 86.3km from Ilorin, Kwara State Capital, along Ilorin-Kabba Federal Highway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Owode Market</span> Market in Kwara, Nigeria

Owode Market is a large market in Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mufutau Gbadamosi Esuwoye II</span> 25th Olofa Of Offa Kingdom

Mufutau Gbadamosi Esuwoye II is a Nigerian monarch. He is the 25th Olofa Of Offa.

References

  1. ↑ "Population Distribution By Age and Sex: 2006 Census Priority Tables (Vol 4)". population.gov.ng. Archived from the original on 14 June 2015. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  2. ↑ "Offa | Nigeria". Encyclopedia Britannica.
  3. ↑ Fawole, O. P. (1 September 2007). "Constraints to Production, Processing and Marketing of Sweet-Potato in Selected Communities in Offa Local Government Area, Kwara State Nigeria". Journal of Human Ecology. 22 (1): 23–25. doi:10.1080/09709274.2007.11905994. ISSN   0970-9274. S2CID   9795960.
  4. ↑ Ago, E.-Bassin #patato • 2 Years (12 December 2017). "Potato species; Potato In Nigeria". Steemit. Retrieved 10 June 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  5. ↑ Ahmad, Romoke W.; Ilorin (7 January 2018). "Ijakadi: Offa's big wrestling festival". Daily Trust. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
  6. ↑ Simwa, Adrianna (28 September 2022). "Top 10 largest states in Nigeria by land mass: List with details". Legit.ng - Nigeria news. Retrieved 11 July 2023.
  7. ↑ "Owode Market In Offa Razed | Channels Television". www.channelstv.com. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  8. ↑ "Ido-Osun in the history of Offa". offaindigenes. 1 May 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  9. ↑ "Ido-Osun in the history of Offa". offaindigenes. 1 May 2017. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
  10. ↑ "Traditional institutions, integral part of govt: AbdulRazaq". www.ilorin.info. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
  11. ↑ Adegbuyi, Temitope (2 October 2020). "Traditional institution, integral component to tackle insecurity ― Olofa". Tribune Online. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
  12. ↑ "Kwara State Traditional Rulers:: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
  13. ↑ "Offa Descendants Union" . Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  14. ↑ "Offa Descendants Union United Kingdom". www.oduuk.org.uk. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  15. ↑ "Offa Descendants Union in North America Archives". FRCN. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  16. ↑ "Diasporan community commences free medical outreach in Kwara". FRCN. 28 August 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  17. ↑ "Offa Descendants Union (ODU) News — NNN". NNN NEWS NIGERIA. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  18. ↑ "Offa Descendant Union United Kingdom news - latest breaking stories and top headlines". TODAY. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  19. ↑ "Offa Town: How mutual seed births over 100 professors, professionals". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 26 July 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
  20. ↑ Omotayo, Joseph (21 July 2020). "Meet the family with 10 professors who are deans, deputy VCs, senior lecturers". Legit.ng - Nigeria news. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  21. ↑ "Secondary School, Educational Institution in Offa L.G.A, kwara State | Nigeria Directory, A List of Nigerian Businesses, Organisations, Firms and Companies | Nigeria Yellow Pages". www.directory.org.ng. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  22. 1 2 Tomori, Abdulfatai (5 August 2023). "Offa: The coming of Reverend Smith and Its Attendant Implication to Education Development". Academia.edu. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
  23. ↑ Duran, Stacey. "Research: STH: Special Collections: The Church Missionary Society (CMS) Archive Collection [Mfilm and online]". library.bu.edu. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
  24. ↑ "Church Missionary Society (CMS) | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
  25. ↑ "Educational Institutions in Offa". offaindigenes. 17 May 2017. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  26. ↑ "Pan African College Of Heath Technology". www.finelib.com. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  27. ↑ "FPO at a Glance | Federal Polytechnic Offa". www.fpo.edu.ng. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  28. ↑ "Welcome to Pan Africa". panafricoed.edu.ng. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  29. ↑ "Graceland Polytechnic Offa Admission Portal 2020/2021". Seviportal. 26 June 2019. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  30. ↑ "LENS polytechnic Offa". www.lenspolytechnic.edu.ng. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  31. ↑ CampusTimesNG (22 December 2022). "university of offa". CampusTimesNG. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
  32. ↑ SPROJECTNG, Project Topics and Materials for Final Year Students | Download Free Projects from (18 September 2019). "APPLICATION OF THE MARKETING CONCEPT IN OUR LOCAL MARKET ( A CASE STUDY OF OWODE MARKET OFFA, KWARA STATE - Final Year Research Project Topics and Materials" . Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  33. ↑ "Offa's Day of Horror". opinion.premiumtimesng.com. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  34. ↑ "Offa: A community on edge over armed robberies". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 14 April 2018. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  35. 1 2 Shillington, Kevin (4 July 2013). Encyclopedia of African History 3-Volume Set. Routledge. ISBN   978-1-135-45670-2.
  36. ↑ "History of Offa – ODUNA" . Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  37. ↑ Banwo, Adeyinka O.; Olafimihan, J. B. (2001). "The African Clergy and Historical Reconstruction: The Very Reverend J.B. Olafimihan's "Iwe Itan Ofa"". History in Africa. 28: 1–13. doi:10.2307/3172204. ISSN   0361-5413. JSTOR   3172204. S2CID   162255204.
  38. 1 2 3 "Glamour, colour as Offa brings back Ijakadi festival". The Sun Nigeria. 10 January 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  39. ↑ "Ijakadi Celebrates Offa's Heritage". Vanguard News. 26 October 2011. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  40. ↑ "Home | Offa". offakingdom.com.ng. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  41. ↑ Onyeakagbu, Adaobi (21 June 2022). "Queen Moremi: Did you know about the courageous legend whose statue is the tallest in Nigeria?". Pulse Nigeria. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
  42. ↑ "Moremi (Edi) Festival – Queen Moremi Ajasoro (QMA) International" . Retrieved 24 April 2023.
  43. ↑ "Queen Moremi … A great patriot". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 28 April 2019. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
  44. ↑ "History Of Offa A Town In Kwara State - Wap.org.ng". wap.org.ng. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
  45. ↑ zhujiworld.com. "Offa, Nigeria — statistics 2023". zhujiworld.com. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
  46. ↑ "Offa Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  47. ↑ "Offa Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
  48. ↑ "Simulated historical climate & weather data for Offa". meteoblue. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
  49. ↑ Ogunyemi, Ifedayo (15 December 2022). "Kwara presents minibuses, motorcycles to NURTW members". Tribune Online. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
  50. ↑ Adebayo, Abdulrazaq (6 October 2021). "Northern bound train rescued from fire disaster at Offa, Kwara". Daily Post Nigeria. Retrieved 20 April 2023.
  51. ↑ Global. "The Development of the Railway System and its Impact in Offa, Kwara State; 1912-1955". globaljournals.org. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
  52. ↑ Online, The Eagle (22 March 2023). "Kwara FA Councils elect new members, inaugurated + Full list -". The Eagle Online. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
  53. ↑ Akinola, Oluyi (27 February 2013). "How we survived Offa-Erin Ile crisis". nationonlineng.net. Retrieved 19 April 2018.

8°08′49″N4°43′12″E / 8.147°N 4.720°E / 8.147; 4.720

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.