Olive skin

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Two olive-skinned women from Orihuela, Spain Olive skinned women in Orihuela, Spain.jpg
Two olive-skinned women from Orihuela, Spain
Mexican-American actress Salma Hayek Salma Hayek, Angelina Jolie, Demian Bichir at the 2024 Toronto International Film Festival 2 (cropped).jpg
Mexican-American actress Salma Hayek

Olive is a human skin tone, roughly corresponding to Types III, IV, and V on the Fitzpatrick scale of pigmentation. [1] [2] [3] [4] The term describes lighter brown tones with greenish, yellowish, or golden undertones. [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [ excessive citations ]

Contents

People with olive skin can sometimes become paler if their sun exposure is limited. However, olive skin still tans more easily than light skin does, and generally still retains notable greenish or yellowish undertones. [14] [15] [16]

Olive skin covers III, IV and V on the Fitzpatrick scale. Influence of pigmentation on skin cancer risk.png
Olive skin covers III, IV and V on the Fitzpatrick scale.

History

The Oxford English Dictionary indicates that the term "olive" has been used to describe skin color since at least the 17th century. The earliest recorded instance occurs in the writings of the English traveller Thomas Coryat, who said of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir, "Hee is of a complexion neither white nor blacke, but of a middle betwixt the[m]: I know not how to expresse it with a more expressive & significant ephitheton then Oliue: an Oliue colour his face presenteth[.]" [17] [18]

Geographic distribution

Egyptian footballer Mohamed Salah Mohamed Salah 2018.jpg
Egyptian footballer Mohamed Salah

Type III pigmentation is frequent among populations from the Mediterranean region and West Asia, as well as East Asia, Central Asia, and parts of the Americas. It can also be found sporadically in Northern Europe, giving groups such as the "Black Irish" [19] [20] [1] [21] [22] and "Black Dutch" their distinctive coloration. This skin type sometimes burns and tans gradually, but always tans. [23] [2]

Type IV pigmentation occurs in the same regions, as well as South Asia and Austronesia. [24] [20] [3] [25]

Type V pigmentation is found among some populations in Southwest Asia [23] and North Africa. [26] It is frequent in the indigenous peoples of the Americas, [3] in parts of Sub-Saharan Africa, [27] and in South Asia. [28] This skin type very rarely burns and tans quite easily. [23]

A bucket of olives Bozcaada 078a.jpg
A bucket of olives

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Watson, Ronald Ross (2013). Watson, Ronald Ross (ed.). Handbook of Vitamin D in Human Health: Prevention, Treatment and Toxicity. Human Health Handbooks. Vol. 4. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers. doi:10.3920/978-90-8686-765-3. ISBN   9789086862108. ISSN   2212-375X. S2CID   29719411.
  2. 1 2 Costello, Declan; Winter, Stuart (2013). Viva Training in ENT: Preparation for the FRCS (ORL-HNS). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 16. ISBN   9780191668944 . Retrieved 17 December 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 Pfenninger, John L. (2001). Dermatologic and Cosmetic Procedures in Office Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN   9781437705805.
  4. ↑ Mayeaux, E. J. (2015). The Essential Guide to Primary Care Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN   9781496318718.
  5. ↑ McCoy, Susan (September 1988). "Your True Colors". Ski. 53 (1): 266. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  6. ↑ Johnson Gross, Kim (1997). Woman's Face: Skin Care and Makeup. Knopf. ISBN   9780679445784.
  7. ↑ Richmond, JoAnne (8 August 2008). Reinvent Yourself with Color Me Beautiful: Four Seasons of Color, Makeup, and Style. Taylor Trade Publications. p. 160. ISBN   9781589794085 . Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  8. ↑ "Redbook". Redbook Publishing Company. 161: 87. 1983.
  9. ↑ Sesdelli, Maryellen; Fremont, Shelly D. (1 April 1993). Beauty Basics. Berkley Publishing Group. p. 66. ISBN   9780425138021.
  10. ↑ Watson, Rosie (2007). Make-Up. New Holland Publishers. p. 62. ISBN   9781845377205.
  11. ↑ In Style: Getting Gorgeous: The Step-By-Step Guide to Your Best Hair, Makeup and Skin. Time Incorporated. 11 October 2005. ISBN   9781932994650.
  12. ↑ Conway, Paula; Regan, Maureen (2006). The Beauty Buyble: The Best Beauty Products of 2007 . Regan Books. ISBN   9780061172212. olive skin green tones.
  13. ↑ Burns, Paul Callans; Singer, Joe (1979). The Portrait Painter's Problem Book . Watson-Guptill Publications. ISBN   9780823041862. olive skin greenish.
  14. ↑ Mercola, Joseph (2008). Dark Deception: Discover the Truths About the Benefits of Sunlight Exposure. Thomas Nelson Inc. ISBN   9781418567767 . Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  15. ↑ Trew, Sally (2013). Idiot's Guides: Making Natural Beauty Products. Penguin. ISBN   9781615645572 . Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  16. ↑ Kidd, Jemma (2013). Jemma Kidd Make-Up Masterclass. Aurum Press. ISBN   9781909342279 . Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  17. ↑ "olive" . Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/OED/6637861479.(Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  18. ↑ Coryat, Thomas (1616). Traveller for the English Wits. W. Jaggard and Henry Featherston. p. 21.
  19. ↑ "Who were the Black Irish, and what is their story?". IrishCentral. 18 March 2022. Retrieved 7 June 2025.
  20. 1 2 "Olive Skin Countries 2023". World Population Review. 2023.
  21. ↑ Kontoes, Paraskevas (2017). State of the art in Blepharoplasty: From Surgery to the Avoidance of Complications. Springer. p. 26. ISBN   9783319526423 . Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  22. ↑ Novick, Nelson Lee (1991). Super Skin: A Leading Dermatologist's Guide to the Latest Breakthrough's in Skin Care. Crown Publishing. p. 20. ISBN   9780517585337 . Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  23. 1 2 3 "The Fitzpatrick Skin Type Classification Scale". Skin Inc. (November 2007). 13 May 2008. Retrieved 7 January 2014.; under Tables - Fitzpatrick Skin Type Classification Scale
  24. ↑ Gates, Clifford E. (1922). "The Polynesians: Caucasians of the Pacific". The Scientific Monthly. 15 (3): 257–262. Bibcode:1922SciMo..15..257G.
  25. ↑ Small, Rebecca (2012). Practical Guide to Chemical Peels, Microdermabrasion & Topical Products. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 21. ISBN   9781451154528 . Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  26. ↑ Standard Esthetics: Advanced. Nelson. 2012. ISBN   978-1285401492 . Retrieved 16 January 2017.
  27. ↑ Relethford, JH (2000). "Human skin color diversity is highest in sub-Saharan African populations". Human Biology; an International Record of Research. 72 (5): 773–80. PMID   11126724.
  28. ↑ Lucas, Robyn; Tony McMichael; Wayne Smith; Bruce Armstrong (2006). Annette Prüss-Üstün; Hajo Zeeb; Colin Mathers; Michael Repacholi (eds.). Solar Ultraviolet Radiation—Global burden of disease from solar UV radiation (PDF) (Report). Environmental Burden of Disease Series no. 13. Geneva: World Health Organization, Public Health and the Environment. p. 13. ISBN   9789241594400. ISSN   1728-1652 . Retrieved 7 August 2014.
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