The Chilean honours system provides a means for the Government of Chile to reward gallantry, achievement, or service, by both Chileans and non-citizens. The honours system consists of three types of award: orders, decorations and medals. Membership of an Order (in one of its various grades) is conferred to recognise merit in terms of achievement and service. Decorations are conferred to recognise specific deeds of gallantry, bravery, distinguished or meritorious service. Medals are conferred to recognise long and/or valuable service and/or good conduct. Awards to non-citizens are usually only made where the gallantry, achievement or service has advanced Chilean interests in some way. The honours conferred by the Chilean Republic can be divided into two groups: civil and military. Military honours are conferred by the different branches of the Armed Forces of Chile. Civil honours are conferred by the President of Chile or, in some instances, by the government minister relevant to the particular honour.
(Spanish : Orden al Mérito) [1]
The Order of Merit of Chile (Spanish : Orden al Mérito de Chile ) was established in 1906, as a successor order to the Legion of Merit, to 'reward outstanding civil service to the Republic of Chile provided by foreign nationals'. The order is governed by the Council of the Order of Merit of Chile. The President of Chile is the Chair of the council. The remaining councilors comprise the Minister of Foreign Affairs (Chancellor of the Order), the Secretary of Foreign Affairs, the Director General Foreign Policy and the Director General Ceremonial and Protocol (Secretary of the Order) while the Deputy Director Protocol serves as the Secretary of the Order. [2] The order consists of five classes:
The Order of Bernado O'Higgins (Spanish : Orden de Bernardo O'Higgins ) was established in 1956 as an extension of the Order of Merit of Chile in order to recognise foreign nationals for their 'outstanding contribution to the arts, sciences, education, industry, trade or social and humanitarian cooperation'. The Order of Bernardo O'Higgins is conferred by the Chilean President on the advice of the Minister of Foreign Relations. [2] The order was originally established in two classes:
In 1967 the order was reorganised into five classes, and after modifications in 1985 and 2006, it acquired the same grades as the Order of Merit:
The Order of Gabriela Mistral (Spanish : Orden al Mérito Docente y Cultural Gabriela Mistral ) was established in 1977 and is conferred by the Minister of Education to Chileans and to foreign nationals who have 'made an outstanding contribution benefiting education, culture and the advancement of teaching'. When presented outside of Chile, installation is usually performed at the Chilean embassy, legation or consulate by the highest Chilean representative present or personally by the Minister of Education. [2] The order consists of a single class. [1]
The decoration for Meritorious Service to the Republic (Spanish : Condecoración Servicios Meritorios a la República ) was established as an order, in 1985, to recognise Chilean citizens for 'services of special importance for the country'. Membership of the Order is conferred by the President of the Republic upon the recommendation of a Council composed of the Ministers of the Interior, Foreign Affairs, Defence, Justice and the Secretary General of the Presidency. The council is also responsible for the order's registry. [2] The order is established in five classes:
The Order of Naval Merit (Spanish : Orden al Mérito Naval) was established in three classes:
The decoration of the President of the Republic (Spanish : Condecoración Presidente de la República) was established as an order in four classes:
Decoration of Valour (Spanish : Condecoración Al Valor) [1]
Medal of Valour (Spanish : Medalla Al Valor ) [3]
Victory Cross decoration
The Victory Cross decoration (Spanish : Condecoración Gran Cruz de la Victoria) is established in two grades:
Decoration of Honour for Distinguished Service (Spanish : Condecoración de Honor por Servicios Distinguidos) [4]
Distinguished Service Decoration
The Distinguished Service Decoration (Spanish : Condecoración por Servicios Distinguidos) is conferred in separate versions for each of the Army (Spanish : Ejército), Navy (Spanish : Armada), Air Force (Spanish : Fuerza Aérea) and Police Force (Spanish : Carabineros). The decoration is established in three classes:
Cross of Aeronautical Merit
The Cross of Aeronautical Merit (Spanish : Condecoración Cruz al Mérito Aeronáutico) is established in five classes:
Cross of the Army Bicentenary The Cross of the Army Bicentenary (Spanish : Cruz del Ejército Bicentenario) was established by President of the Republic of Chile, Sebastián Piñera Echenique, in 2010 to commemorate the bicentenary of the Chilean Army (which was established on 2 December 1810). It is conferred by the Commander-in-Chief of the Army to recognise representatives of organisations that have significantly supported the endeavours of the Army. The decoration has been established in two grades:
Notable recipients of the Grand Cross of the Army Bicentenary include President Piñera [6] and the Virgin of Carmen (Spanish : la Virgen del Carmen) at the Metropolitan Cathedral of Santiago. [8] Notable Chilean recipients of the Cross of the Army Bicentenary include the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Admiral Edmundo Gonzalez, the Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force, Air Force General Jorge Rojas Avila, the Director General of the Carabineros, General Manager Gustavo González Jure, and the Director General of Investigations Police, Marcos Antonio Vásquez Meza. [7]
Medal of Diplomatic Merit
The Medal of Diplomatic Merit (Spanish : Medalla al Mérito Diplomático) was established to recognise selected officials of the foreign service branch of the Chilean Ministry of Foreign Affairs, for long and meritorious service on behalf of Chile. [9] [2]
Medal of Functionary Merit
The Medal of Functionary Merit (Spanish : Medalla al Mérito Funcionario) was established to recognise selected officials (functionaries) of the Management and Professional branches of the Chilean Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Chile, for long and meritorious service on behalf of Chile. [9] [2]
Military Works Corps Star of Honour and Merit (Spanish : Medalla Estrella de Honor al Mérito Cuerpo Militar del Trabajo) [1]
Decoration for Great Military Merit of the Chilean Air Force (Spanish : Condecoración al Gran Mérito Militar de la Fuerza Aérea de Chile) [4]
Military Star (Spanish : Condecoración Estrella Militar) [3]
Fiftieth Anniversary of the Chilean Air Force Commemorative Medal (Spanish : Condecoración Conmemorativa del Cincuentenario de la Fuerza Aérea de Chile) [4]
Service Medal of the Ministry of National Defense (Spanish : Medalla de Servicio del Ministerio de Defensa Nacional) [4]
Service Medal of the Honourable Board of the Government (Spanish : Medalla por Servicios en la Honorable Junta de Gobierno) [1]
Mission Accomplished (Spanish : Condecoración Misión Cumplida) [10]
The Legion of Merit of Chile (Spanish : Legión de Mérito de Chile ) was established on 1 June 1817 by the Supreme Director of the newly independent Chile, Liberator General Bernardo O'Higgins, to reward civil and military service to the nation and, at the time, was the most senior honour of Chile. [11] The Head of State was established as the head of the Legion. [11] However, after O'Higgins resigned in January 1823, the President of the Regency Council, José Miguel Infante, effectively abolished the order in June 1825. [12] The order was established in four classes:
The orders and decorations conferred upon civilians and military personnel in the Republic of the Philippines are listed by orders of precedence. Philippine civilian orders and decorations are conferred by the President of the Philippines in his or her capacity as head of state. In certain instances, the conferment of certain orders and decorations requires the concurrence of the Congress of the Philippines, or of certain advisory bodies.
William Thomas Hobbins is a former Air Force general, commander of U.S. Air Forces Europe; commander of Air Component Command, Ramstein; and director of Joint Air Power Competence Center, Kalkar, Germany.
This is a list of military decorations awarded by the United Mexican States as part of the Mexican Honours System.
The Royal Order of Isabella the Catholic is a knighthood and one of the three preeminent orders of merit bestowed by the Kingdom of Spain, alongside the Order of Charles III and the Order of Civil Merit. It recognizes extraordinary services to the homeland or the promotion of international relations and cooperation with other nations, with a particular focus on the territories of the former Spanish Empire. By law, its Grand Master is the King of Spain, and its Grand Chancellor is the Minister of Foreign Affairs. The Order is open to both Spaniards and foreigners, particularly from the Spanish-speaking world.
Colombian military decorations date back as far as the founding of the country. An early decoration was the Cruz de Boyacá that was awarded to the generals who led their forces to victory in the Battle of Boyacá in 1819. This early decoration lives on today as an incarnation of the highest order presented by the Colombian state. There is one decoration higher, but it is only awarded for military conflicts in defence of Colombia. Other than military decorations, Colombia presents decorations on behalf of the National Government, decorations for the National Police, and decorations from the Congress of Colombia.
The Order of Merit is a Chilean order and was created in 1929. Succeeding the Medal of the Merit, which was created during the term of the President Germán Riesco through the Minister of War decree No. 1350 on 4 September 1906. This new national distinction was created to recognize the meritorious service provided by foreign military personnel to Chilean officials. The order is only awarded to foreigners.
This is a list of some of the modern orders, decorations and medals of Spain.
The Royal and Military Order of Saint Hermenegild is both a general military honor and a legion created by King Ferdinand VII of Spain on 28 November 1814.
The Order of May is an order of merit and one of the highest decorations in Argentina. The order is named after the May Revolution which led to the birth of the Republic of Argentina. It was founded as the Order of Merit by Decree No. 8506/46 of 1946, and revised to its current form on 17 December 1957.
The Cross of Military Merit is Spain's military awards for gallantry or merit in war or peace. Awarded to members of the Spanish Armed Forces, Guardia Civil or civilians.
The Legion of Merit of Chile, frequently abbreviated to the Legion of Merit or the Legion, was a Chilean multi-class order of merit established on 1 June 1817 by Bernardo O'Higgins to recognise distinguished personal merit contributing to the independence of Chile or to the nation. Membership of the Legion conferred a variety of privileges in Chile and its members were entitled to wear insignia according to the class conferred. The Legion of Merit of Chile was abolished in 1825.
The Cross of Aeronautical Merit is Spain's military award for gallantry or merit in the air. The award can be made in war or at times of peace. It is awarded to members of the Spanish Armed Forces, Guardia Civil or civilians.
The Cross of Naval Merit is a Spanish military award for gallantry or merit in war or peace. Awarded to members of the Spanish Naval Forces, Guardia Civil or civilians.
The Order of the Cross of St. Raymond of Peñafort is a Spanish civil order of merit. Established 23 January 1944, the five classes recognize service to and contributions toward the development and perfection of the law and jurisprudence. The three medals of the order recognize years of unblemished service within the legal and administrative professions under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Justice. The order is named for St. Raymond of Penyafort, the patron saint of lawyers.
Orders, decorations, and medals of Argentina include:
Augusto Ferrer-Dalmau Nieto is a Spanish hyperrealist painter who specialises in historical military paintings that portray different eras of the Spanish Armed Forces through hyperrealistic naturalism. On January 11, 2022, he presented the Ferrer-Dalmau Foundation with the aim of promoting defense culture through history and art.
The system of orders, decorations and medals of Uruguay consists of both military and civilian honours presented by the authorities of Uruguay with the purpose of recognising and rewarding actions or services considered praiseworthy.
The National Order of Merit of Paraguay is an award given by the government of Paraguay. The award was first established in 1865 and can be given to any person or organization that has contributed in some way to the benefit of Paraguay.
The Decoration Honor of Naval Merit Commander Peter Campbell is an Uruguayan military decoration awarded by the President of Uruguay to civilians, military officers, military units or to institutions, Uruguayan or foreign, as a recognition of the relevant services or works performed to the Uruguayan Navy. This decoration was named after Peter Campbell, an Irish naval officer who became the first commander of the Naval forces created by José Artigas.
{{cite book}}
: |work=
ignored (help) Decrees and Regulations of the Legion of Merit of Chile.