Awards and decorations of the Republic of Indonesia are both military and civilian awards for service and personal contributions to the Republic of Indonesia. According to the Constitution of Indonesia, Chapter III Article 15: "The President grants titles, decorations and other honors as regulated by Law". [1]
Refer to Law no. 20/2009, there are three types of awards; the title of National Hero of Indonesia, Mark of Service (Tanda Jasa) and Mark of Prestige (Tanda Kehormatan). Mark of Service consist of Medali (pentagon-shaped decoration medal), while Mark of Prestige consists of Stars of the Republic of Indonesia (star-shaped decoration medal), Satyalancana (round-shaped decoration medal), and Samkaryanugraha (distinction trophy). [2]
All of the awards and decorations of the Republic of Indonesia are awarded to individuals of Indonesian citizenship and may be awarded to foreign nationals, except for the Samkaryanugraha which is awarded to institutions or organizations. [2] Names of the awards and decorations incorporated abundant sanskrit words, as usually employed by the government in many other awards and names of institutions.
National Hero of Indonesia (Pahlawan Nasional Indonesia) is the highest-level title awarded in Indonesia. It is posthumously given by the Government of Indonesia for actions which are deemed to be heroic, defined as "actual deeds which can be remembered and exemplified for all time by other citizens" or "extraordinary service furthering the interests of the state and people". [2]
Medali is a state award given by the President to someone who is meritorious and has extraordinary achievements in developing and advancing a particular field that is of great benefit to the nation and state. [2]
"Medal of Pioneership" is awarded to any person:
Medali Kepeloporan |
"Medal of Glory" is awarded to any person who has "made a name for his/her nation" in education, science, technology, sports, arts, religion, and other sectors of society. [2]
Medali Kejayaan |
"Medal of Peace" is awarded to any person who has contributed and promoted peace and cooperation among the nations of the world. [2]
Medali Perdamaian |
President of Indonesia, as the issuer of decorations and the primary owner of star decorations, is automatically awarded the highest class of all civil and military service star decorations. Vice President of Indonesia is also automatically bestowed 2nd class of Star of the Republic of Indonesia and all other highest class civil service star decorations. [3]
The "Star of the Republic of Indonesia" (BRI) is awarded to a person who has given extraordinary service to the integrity, viability, and greatness of Indonesia. It is the highest decoration awarded by the Government of Indonesia. [4]
The BRI is awarded in 5 classes:
The "Star of Mahaputera" (BMP) is awarded to a person who has given extraordinary service to the motherland in certain areas outside the military. It is the second highest decoration awarded by the Government of The Republic of Indonesia. [5]
The BMP is awarded in 5 classes:
1st Class | Bintang Mahaputera Adipurna | |
2nd Class | Bintang Mahaputera Adipradana | |
3rd Class | Bintang Mahaputera Utama | |
4th Class | Bintang Mahaputera Pratama | |
5th Class | Bintang Mahaputera Nararya |
The "Star of Service" (BJ) is awarded for civil bravery and courage in times of adversity. [6]
The BJ is awarded in 3 classes:
1st Class | Bintang Jasa Utama | |
2nd Class | Bintang Jasa Pratama | |
3rd Class | Bintang Jasa Nararya |
The "Humanities Star" (BK) is awarded to a person who has given extraordinary service in upholding humanities value and human rights. [7]
Bintang Kemanusiaan |
The "Star of the Upholder of Democracy" (BPD) is awarded to a person who has given extraordinary for service in upholding democratic principles. [8]
The BPD is awarded in 3 classes:
1st Class | Bintang Penegak Demokrasi Utama | |
2nd Class | Bintang Penegak Demokrasi Pratama | |
3rd Class | Bintang Penegak Demokrasi Nararya |
The "Cultural Merit Star" (BBPD) is awarded to a person who has given extraordinary involvement in the promotion, education and preservation of Indonesian culture and arts. [9]
Bintang Budaya Parama Dharma |
The "National Police Meritorious Service Star" (BB) is awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Police for meritorious service to the nation and in helping to uphold the rule of law. The BB can also be awarded to civilians for extraordinary service in the development and progress of the National Police, as well as in assistance in the performance of the duties and functions of the police as mandated by the constitution and laws of the Republic. [10]
The BB is awarded in three classes:
1st Class | Bintang Bhayangkara Utama | |
2nd Class | Bintang Bhayangkara Pratama | |
3rd Class | Bintang Bhayangkara Nararya |
Stars for military service are typically issued to military personnel for sustained meritorious service while serving in the Indonesian National Armed Forces. However, stars may also be issued to civilians for their extraordinary service and contributions made to the advancement and progress of the entire Indonesian National Armed Forces as well as in helping to perform the duties of national defense and community development entrusted to the National Armed Forces by the Constitution.
The "Guerrilla Star" (BG) is awarded to a military serviceman/servicewoman who has given extraordinary service to fight in order to maintain the sovereignty of Republic of Indonesia from foreign aggression. [11] Most BG recipients are military personnel involved in the Indonesian National Revolution.
Bintang Gerilya |
"The Sacred Star" (BS) is awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces who distinguished themselves by acts of valor and beyond the call of duty during military operations. The BS can also be awarded to any civilian for extraordinary service and acts of valor beyond the call of duty in the same circumstances. [12]
Bintang Sakti |
The "Military Distinguished Service Star" (BD) is awarded to armed forces personnel and civilians for extraordinary service and actions beyond the call of duty during military operations and contingencies which helps promote and achieve the advancement of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. [13]
Bintang Dharma |
The "Grand Meritorious Military Order Star" (BYD) is awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces or civil servant of ministry of defence or any citizen or foreigner for extraordinary service and on beyond the call of duty for the supervision, development and conduct of any action or activity which can provide extraordinary benefits for the government, people and the Republic of Indonesia, most especially in the field of national defense. [14] In practice, 1st class BYD usually awarded to visiting foreign chief of defense. [15]
The BYD is awarded in 3 classes:
1st Class | Bintang Yudha Dharma Utama | Awarded to Minister of Defence and Commander of National Armed Forces [16] | |
2nd Class | Bintang Yudha Dharma Pratama | Awarded to 2-star officer and above who serve in national armed force HQ, ministry of defense, or defense branch HQ [16] | |
3rd Class | Bintang Yudha Dharma Nararya | Awarded to star officer and senior officer who serve in joint staff position [16] |
The ribbons of the 2nd and 1st Classes are identical, with the addition of (respectively) one and two central narrow red stripes.
The "Army Meritorious Service Star" (BKEP) is awarded to personnel of the Indonesian Army for meritorious service and beyond the call of duty for advancement of the Indonesian Army. The BKEP can also be awarded to civilians who provide extraordinary service for advancement of the Indonesian Army. [17]
The BKEP is awarded in 3 classes:
1st Class | Bintang Kartika Eka Pakçi Utama | Awarded to Minister of Defence, Commander of National Armed Forces and Chief of Staff of the Army [16] | |
2nd Class | Bintang Kartika Eka Pakçi Pratama | Awarded to Deputy Chief of Staff and qualified 2-star army officer who have received 3rd class of BKEP [16] | |
3rd Class | Bintang Kartika Eka Pakçi Nararya | Awarded all army personnel who have received Satyalancana Kesetiaan 24 years' service [16] |
The "Navy Meritorious Service Star" (BJSN) is awarded to personnel of the Indonesian Navy for meritorious service and beyond the call of duty for advancement of the Indonesian Navy. The BJSN can also be awarded to civilians who provide extraordinary service for advancement of the Indonesian Navy. [18]
The BJSN is awarded in 3 classes:
1st Class | Bintang Jalasena Utama | Awarded to Minister of Defence, Commander of National Armed Forces and Chief of Staff of the Navy [16] | |
2nd Class | Bintang Jalasena Pratama | Awarded to deputy chief of staff and qualified 2-star navy officer who have received 3rd class of BJSN [16] | |
3rd Class | Bintang Jalasena Nararya | Awarded all navy personnel who have received Satyalancana Kesetiaan 24 years' service [16] |
The "Air Force Meritorious Service Star" (BSBP) is awarded to personnel of the Indonesian Air Force for meritorious service and beyond the call of duty for advancement of the Indonesian Air Force. The BSBP can also be awarded to civilians who provide extraordinary service for advancement of the Indonesian Air Force. [19]
The BSBP is awarded in 3 classes:
1st Class | Bintang Swa Bhuwana Pakça Utama | Awarded to Minister of Defence, Commander of National Armed Forces and Chief of Staff of the Air Force [16] | |
2nd Class | Bintang Swa Bhuwana Pakça Pratama | Awarded to deputy chief of staff and qualified 2-star air force officer who have received 3rd class of BSBP [16] | |
3rd Class | Bintang Swa Bhuwana Pakça Nararya | Awarded all air force personnel who have received Satyalancana Kesetiaan 24 years' service [16] |
Refer to Law no. 20/2009, Satyalancana is round-shaped medal to be awarded by the Government of Indonesia for distinguished individual. In order to execute further the mechanisms of the said Law, the Government of Indonesia passed the Government Regulation no. 35/2010 which stipulates the titles of the Satyalancanas that may be awarded, regulates the process of awarding, the manners of wearing and respecting the decorations.
There are two classifications of Satyalancanas; 20 Satyalancanas are awarded for civilians (which also includes members of the Indonesian National Police), and 13 Satyalancanas are reserved for members of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. Some of the Satyalancanas may also be awarded to foreign nationals, and may be awarded posthumously.
Awarded to any founders or leaders of Indonesian independence movements/organizations for their contributions in the past to foster awareness of the Indonesian national identity, struggled for independence to the brink of being sentenced to prison by the colonial government, or actively opposed colonialism while not opposing the Indonesian state or its government. [20]
Satyalancana Perintis Kemerdekaan |
Awarded to distinguished individuals for their contribution as a whole or in specific sectors or issues for helping the development of the nation. [21]
Satyalancana Pembangunan |
Awarded to distinguished individuals for the service to the country and become a role model in their field. The elucidation of Government Regulation num. 35 of the Year 2010 provides that the Satyalancana Wira Karya is awarded to anyone without discriminating their social strata or the sects that they belong. [22]
Satyalancana Wira Karya |
Awarded to distinguished individuals for their service in social welfare and humanitarianism among the Indonesian people, such as alleviating poverty, providing assistance for orphaned children, and empowering persons with disabilities.
Satyalancana Kebaktian Sosial |
Awarded to distinguished individuals for their service in upholding Indonesian culture and the arts. [23]
Satyalancana Kebudayaan |
Awarded to educators and education staffs for dedicated service in the field of both formal or non-formal education who has served:
Satyalancana Pendidikan |
Awarded to distinguished civil servants for loyal and faithful service and dedication in Indonesian civil services spanning decades. To be awarded this Satyalancana, a civil servant qualified for the medal must have the following requirements:
The Satyalancana Karya Satya is awarded in 3 classes:
1st Class | Satyalancana Karya Satya for 30 years of service | |
2nd Class | Satyalancana Karya Satya for 20 years of service | |
3rd Class | Satyalancana Karya Satya for 10 years of service |
Note: All classes of Satyalancana Karya Satya medal have exactly same medal design and ribbon, the difference is only color of medal.
Awarded to distinguished athletes, coaches, judges and sports officials for their meritorious service and dedication towards the advancement and progress of Indonesian sports and also for achievements made for the country in major international sporting events. [26]
Satyalancana Dharma Olahraga |
Awarded to boys and girls aged 16–30 years old for their contributed to the empowerment and development of youths in Indonesia, or for those who have been awarded for their extraordinary achievements at the national level. Being an inspiration to fellow youths is considered a bonus point. [27]
Satyalancana Dharma Pemuda |
Awarded to distinguished individuals for their service in developing Indonesia's tourism. [28]
Satyalancana Kepariwisataan |
Awarded to regional government administrators or employees for their service or performance in realizing an effective governance in regional (provincial or municipal) or community levels. [29]
Satyalancana Karya Bhakti Praja Nugraha |
Awarded to distinguished personnel of the Indonesian National Police for years of loyal and faithful service and dedication. [30]
The Satyalancana Pengabdian is awarded in 4 category:
Awarded to any personnel of the Indonesian National Police for dedicated service as educators in a police education institution or other education institutions outside the Indonesian National Police for a minimum of 2 years uninterrupted or 3 years with interruptions. This Satyalancana may also be awarded to any Indonesian and foreign nationals outside the Indonesian National Police who has served as educators or collaborated in the field of police education, scientific research and development for a minimum of 1 year uninterrupted or 2 years with interruptions. [31]
Satyalancana Bhakti Pendidikan |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Police with a minimum of 8 years of dedicated service in the field of public security and order in advancing the organization of the Indonesian National Police, and Indonesian nationals outside the Indonesian National Police with the same contribution. [32]
Satyalancana Jana Utama |
Awarded to distinguished personnel of the Indonesian National Police for their performance as law enforcers and civil assistance apparatus, and fulfilling professionalism and work ethics in their duty as a police. [33]
Satyalancana Ksatria Bhayangkara |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Police for a concrete work—in policy or in active duty—which advance the work of the National Police and of its mandate, honor the history and heritage of the National Police, and help uphold the values and importance of the organization for the security and welfare of the people. [34]
Satyalancana Karya Bhakti |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Police who were wounded or killed during a police operation, or who has completed a mission of utmost national significance. [35]
Satyalancana Operasi Kepolisian |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Police for police service in overseas territory or in any peacekeeping operation as may be permitted by the National Police. [36]
Satyalancana Bhakti Buana |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Police for their duty in a remote area or an Indonesian border region. [37]
Satyalancana Bhakti Nusa |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Police for 32 years of service and dedication. [38]
Satyalancana Bhakti Purna |
Awarded to individual or personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces who are deemed worthy to receive it, because of combat injuries sustained due to enemy action during military operations. [39]
Satyalencana Bhakti |
Awarded to any serving personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces with a minimum of 1 year uninterrupted service or 3 years of service with interruptions while in performance of national defense responsibilities on any military campaign or operation as may be ordered by the Commander of the National Armed Forces and/or the respective Chiefs of Staff of the service branches of the armed forces wherein he or she is assigned. This Satyalancana can be awarded to the same person more than once. [40]
Satyalancana Teladan |
Awarded personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces for years of loyal and faithful service. [41] This is one of only few awards that may be bestowed upon both enlisted personnel and officers of the Armed Forces
The Satyalancana Kesetiaan is awarded in 4 classes:
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces for service as part of a UN peacekeeping force or as wartime foreign military observers during conflicts. [42]
Satyalancana Santi Dharma |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces for service as instructors at the Military Academies or military recruit training units in any service branch, and to personnel with active duty in any education institutions. This Satyalancana may also be awarded to Indonesian and foreign nationals outside the Indonesian National Armed Forces who also has given contribution in Indonesian military education. [43]
Satyalancana Dwidya Sistha |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces or Indonesian National Police, civil servants for their active duty in restoring Indonesian territorial defense or public security, and other Indonesian nationals for the same duty in a zone of conflict inside Indonesian borders. This Satyalancana is awarded to the said individual who as a minimum service time of 90 days uninterrupted or 120 days with interruptions, and may be awarded posthumously. [44]
Satyalancana Dharma Nusa |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian Army for a minimum of 30 years of loyal and faithful service and dedication, or for those who has been awarded the Satyalancana Kesetiaan, 2nd Class. This Satyalancana may be awarded posthumously. [45]
Satyalancana Dharma Bantala |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian Navy for a minimum of 30 years of loyal and faithful service and dedication, or for those who has been awarded the Satyalancana Kesetiaan, 2nd Class. This Satyalancana may be awarded posthumously. [46]
Satyalancana Dharma Samudra |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian Air Force for a minimum of 30 years of loyal and faithful service and dedication, or for those who has been awarded the Satyalancana Kesetiaan, 2nd Class. This Satyalancana may be awarded posthumously. [47]
Satyalancana Dharma Dirgantara |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces for service in outermost islands of Indonesia for 90 days uninterrupted or 120 days with interruptions. This Satyalancana may be awarded to the same person two times. [48]
Satyalancana Wira Nusa |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces for service as a Border Guard Task Force personnel for 90 days uninterrupted or 120 days with interruptions. This Satyalancana may be awarded to the same person two times. [49]
Satyalancana Wira Dharma |
Awarded to personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces for service in the Paspampres, the unit of the Indonesian National Armed Forces tasked for protecting the President and Vice President of Indonesia. To be awarded this Satyalancana, the personnel of the Paspampres must be a:
Satyalancana Wira Siaga |
Awarded to individual or personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces with a minimum of 2 years uninterrupted service or 3 years of service with interruptions in the special forces units, or to the said personnel who has excelled in performing his/her duty in the special forces unit that resulted in physical or mental injury, handicap, or even death. [51]
Satyalancana Ksatria Yudha |
Samkaryanugraha is award in the form of distinction trophy/pennant for any unit , governmental institution, or other organization with meritorious services. All the Samkaryanugraha has equal ranking, and is classified into civilian and military organizational awards. The object of the award must be put on display at the building of the receiving unit, institution, or organization.
The Parasamya Purnakarya Nugraha is an organizational award given by or in behalf of the President of the Republic of Indonesia for meritorious service and dedication of a governmental institution (such as provincial or municipal governments) or civilian organization. The recipient of the Parasamya Purnakarya Nugraha award receives a distinction trophy that resembles a miniature monument with the Garuda Pancasila emblem.
The Nugraha Sakanti is an organizational award given by or in behalf of the President of the Republic of Indonesia for meritorious service and dedication of units within the Indonesian National Police for the sake of upholding law and order, protecting the citizenry of the Republic, community development, civil assistance and in the performance of actions for the benefit of the people's well-being and safety. The recipient of the Nugraha Sakanti award receives a black triangular distinction pennant with the Garuda Pancasila emblem on its hoist.
The Samkaryanugraha is an organizational award given by or in behalf of the President of the Republic of Indonesia - in his/her capacity as Commander in Chief - for meritorious service and dedication of units within the Indonesian National Armed Forces for the sake of the performance of its mandate of national defense, community development and in civil assistance operations during calamities and major national events. It is the only organizational award by law to not be given a distinct name. The recipient unit or military institution of the Samkaryanugraha award receives a golden-coloured distinction rectangular pennant with the inscriptions in Indonesian on it, alongside the national emblem and the Presidential seal.
Name | Ribbon | Class | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Satyalancana Peringatan Perjuangan Kemerdekaan Independence Effort Commemoration Medal | Awarded to all civil servants who continuously serve during the early days of Republic of Indonesia starting from 17 August 1945 to 7 December 1949. [52] | ||
Satyalancana Keamanan Civilian Security Medal | Awarded to any Indonesian national who is not member of the armed forces and participate in activities in the framework of security recovery in the region declared unsafe by officials. [53] | ||
Satyalancana Pepera "Act of Free Choice" Medal | Awarded to any Indonesian national for their service during Act of Free Choice, between 1 January 1969 to 2 August 1969. [54] | ||
Satyalancana Karya Satya | I | ||
II | |||
III | |||
IV | |||
V | |||
Satyalancana Prasetya Pancawarsa | Replaced to Satyalancana Pengabdian | ||
Satyalancana Satya Dasawarsa | |||
Satyalancana Ksatriya Tamtama | Replaced to Satyalancana Ksatria Bhayangkara |
Name | Ribbon | Class | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Bintang Garuda Garuda Star | Awarded to the Air Force personnel served in the independence war between 1945 and 1949. [55] No longer awarded and extinct since 2009. [2] | ||
Bintang Sewindu Angkatan Perang Armed Forces Eight Years’ Service Star | Awarded in 1953 to mark the 8th year or windu year since the foundation of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. Bintang Sewindu Angkatan Perang is awarded to all active military personnel who continuously serve from 5 October 1945 to 5 October 1953. [56] No longer awarded and extinct since 2009. [2] | ||
Satyalancana Peristiwa Aksi Militer I Campaign/Battlefield Commemoration Medals I (Dutch Military Aggression I) | Dormant award. Awarded to personnel of the Armed Forces and Police for gallant participation in military operations as may be ordered by the government through the National Armed Forces/National Police General Headquarters. [57] | ||
Satyalancana Peristiwa Aksi Militer II Campaign/Battlefield Commemoration Medals II (Dutch Military Aggression II) | |||
Satyalancana Gerakan Operasi Militer I (Madiun Affair) Military Operations Service Medals I | Dormant award. This one of few awards which may bestowed upon all personnel of the armed forces and the National Police Mobile Brigade regardless of rank held upon the issuance of the medal. Awarded on behalf of the Republic for successful conduct and service rendered during military operations as may be ordered by the Government of the Republic, together with the National Armed Forces and the Police. | ||
Satyalancana Gerakan Operasi Militer II (APRA coup d'état) | |||
Satyalancana Gerakan Operasi Militer III (Invasion of Ambon) | |||
Satyalancana Gerakan Operasi Militer IV (Darul Islam rebellion South Sulawesi chapter) | |||
Satyalancana Gerakan Operasi Militer V (Darul Islam rebellion West Java chapter) | |||
Satyalancana Gerakan Operasi Militer VI (Angkatan Umat Islam rebellion) | |||
Satyalancana Gerakan Operasi Militer VII (Darul Islam rebellion Aceh chapter) | |||
Satyalancana Gerakan Operasi Militer VIII (Communist insurgency in Sarawak) | Also known as Satyalancana Dharma Phala. [58] | ||
Satyalancana Gerakan Operasi Militer IX (Operation Trikora) | Also known as Satyalancana Raksaka Dharma. [59] | ||
Satyalancana Penegak Medal for Combat Against Communists | No longer awarded since massive extermination program for communist insurgency in 1965-1966 and the fall of Sukarno's old order regime in 1967. Awarded to National Armed Forces and National Police personnel, regardless of rank, for active service in actions against the Communist Party of Indonesia, paramilitaries, and CPI-linked affiliated organizations. [60] | ||
Satyalancana Seroja Timor Military Campaign Medal | Obsolete award and extinct following secession of East Timor from Indonesia. Awarded on behalf of the Republic for successful conduct and service rendered during the 1975 Indonesian invasion of East Timor and its subsequent Indonesian rule. This one of few awards which may bestowed upon all personnel of the armed forces and the National Police Mobile Brigade regardless of rank held upon the issuance of the medal. | ||
Satyalancana Wira Dharma Malaysia/Northern Borneo Military Campaign Medal | Obsolete award and extinct following the collapse of Sukarno regime who failed to prevent Malaya Federation gaining independence and normalization diplomatic relationship between Indonesia and Malaysia. Awarded to National Armed Force and National Police personnel for service in Konfrontasi . [61] This is one of only few awards that may be bestowed upon enlisted personnel of the Armed Forces. The name of this award is still being used today, albeit different purpose and award/ribbon design. [49] | ||
Satyalancana Saptamarga PRRI Military Campaign Medal | Extinct Award. Awarded to personnel of the Armed Forces and Police for participation in military operations against Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia. [62] | ||
Satyalancana Satya Dharma West Guinea Military Campaign Medal | Extinct Award. Awarded to personnel of the Armed Forces and Police for participation in West New Guinea dispute. [63] | ||
Satyalancana Jasadharma Angkatan Laut Navy Establishment Medal | Extinct Award. Awarded to any citizen of Indonesia and non-personnel of the Indonesian Navy for their service in the establishment of the Indonesian Navy. [64] | ||
Satyalancana Yuda Tama Angkatan Laut Republik Indonesia | I | Obsolete award. Awarded to Indonesian Navy personnel, except Marine Corps, who has given extraordinary service for the Navy, divided into 1st and 2nd Classes, respectively. [65] | |
II | |||
Satyalancana Yuda Tama Korps Komando Angkatan Laut Republik Indonesia | I | Obsolete award. Awarded to Indonesian Marine Corps personnel, who has given extraordinary service for the Navy, divided into 1st and 2nd Classes, respectively. [66] | |
II |
The following table indicates declared Indonesian government national holidays. Cultural variants also provide opportunity for holidays tied to local events. Beside official holidays, there are the so-called "libur bersama" or "cuti bersama", or joint leave(s) declared nationwide by the government. In total there are 16 public holidays every year.
General of the army, was the highest rank of the Indonesian Army. Within the Indonesian Armed Forces ranking system, it was the equivalent of admiral of the fleet and marshal of the air force. Those ranks were honorary and did not provide additional authority or responsibility.
Indonesia is divided into provinces. Provinces are made up of regencies and cities (kota). Provinces, regencies, and cities have their own local governments and parliamentary bodies.
The Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) uses a simplified ranking system for the three branches of Indonesian Army, Indonesian Navy and Indonesian Air Force. Most of the ranks are similar with differences for the rank titles of the high-ranking officers. Exception exists, however, in the ranks of the service members of the Indonesian Marine Corps. While Indonesian Marine Corps is a branch of the Navy, the rank titles of the Marine Corps are the same as those of the Army, but it still uses the Navy's style insignia.
An Indonesian passport is a travel document issued by the Government of Indonesia to Indonesian citizens residing in Indonesia or overseas. The main governing body with regards to the issuance of such passport(s), possession(s), withdrawal and related matters is the Directorate General of Immigration under the Ministry of Law and Human Rights. Indonesia does not recognize multiple citizenship for its citizens and such citizens will automatically lose their Indonesian citizenship if another citizenship is acquired voluntarily. Special exceptions allow newly born citizens to hold dual nationalities until his/her eighteenth birthday after which a choice of either nationalities should be decided. The latest Indonesian passport has different national birds and sceneries on each page.
Law of Indonesia is based on a civil law system, intermixed with local customary law and Dutch law. Before the Dutch presence and colonization began in the sixteenth century, indigenous kingdoms ruled the archipelago independently with their own custom laws, known as adat. Foreign influences from India, China and the Middle East have not only affected culture, but also the customary adat laws. The people of Aceh in Sumatra, for instance, observe their own sharia law, while ethnic groups like the Toraja in Sulawesi still follow their animistic customary law.
The Star of the Republic of Indonesia is Indonesia's highest order awarded to both civilians and the military for their merits to the republic and the people. It was officially instituted in 1959.
The Ministry of Religious Affairs is an Indonesian ministry that administers religious affairs. It is responsible to the president, and is led by a minister.
The Office of the Attorney General of the Republic of Indonesia is the competent authority to advise the Government of Indonesia on matters of law. It serves as the central organization for the Indonesian Public Prosecution Service. The Attorney General's Office is seated in the national capital Jakarta.
The Indonesian Maritime Security Agency is a maritime patrol and rescue agency of the Republic of Indonesia. Bakamla is a non-ministerial government institution which reports directly to the President through Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs. Bakamla's duty is to conduct security and safety patrols in the territorial waters of Indonesia and the jurisdiction of Indonesia. Previously Bakamla was a non-structural institution called the Coordinating Agency for the Security of the Republic of Indonesia. The agency is not part or associated with the Indonesian National Armed Forces, although its top-ranking leadership are handpicked from the Indonesian Navy. Bakamla and the Indonesian Navy, however, often conduct exercises and joint-operation together. While during search-and-rescue operations, Bakamla also conduct joint-operations with the National Search and Rescue Agency.
In Indonesia, state-owned enterprises play an important role in the national economy. Their roles includes contributor for national economy growth, providing goods or services which are not covered by private company, employment provider, providing support guidance to small and medium businesses, and source of government revenue. The Ministry of State Owned Enterprises represents the government's function as a shareholder of most of those companies, while some are represented by the Ministry of Finance.
The Chief of the Indonesian National Police, commonly known as the National Police Chief, is the official who heads the Indonesian National Police (Polri).
In Indonesian law, the term "city" is generally defined as the second-level administrative subdivision of the Republic of Indonesia, an equivalent to regency. The difference between a city and a regency is that a city has non-agricultural economic activities and a dense urban population, while a regency comprises predominantly rural areas and is larger in area than a city. However, Indonesia historically had several classifications of cities.
National Cyber and Crypto Agency, is Indonesia's primary signal intelligence agency, as well as cyber intelligence, cyber threat intelligence, cyber defense, and cyber security agency.
National Resilience Institute is an Indonesian Non-Ministerial Government Agency tasked with carrying out government duties in the field of education for national leaders, strategic assessment of national resilience and strengthening of national values.
Nusantara Capital City Authority is a cabinet level-agency formed by the Indonesian government, working directly under the President of Indonesia. The agency will become a special agency tasked with managing and governing the city of Nusantara, future capital of Indonesia located on Kalimantan.
National Strategic Projects are Indonesian infrastructure projects which are designated as strategic in increasing economic growth, equitable development, community welfare and regional development. It was established during the administration of President Joko Widodo. PSN is regulated through a presidential regulation, while project implementation is carried out directly by the central government, regional government, and/or business entities as well as Government-Enterprise Cooperation (KPBU), prioritizing the use of domestic components. The legal basis for PSN is Presidential Regulation No. 3 of 2016 which was successively amended by Presidential Regulation No. 58 of 2017, Presidential Regulation No. 56 of 2018, and Presidential Regulation No. 109 of 2020.