Oxyaeninae

Oxyaeninae Temporal range: 56.2–39.7  Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N late Paleocene to middle Eocene
Patriofelis ferox skeleton
Reconstruction of Sarkastodon mongoliensis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Clade:	Pan-Carnivora
Order:	† Oxyaenodonta
Family:	† Oxyaenidae
Subfamily:	† Oxyaeninae Trouessart, 1885
Type genus
† Oxyaena Cope, 1874
Genera
† Argillotherium † Dipsalidictis (paraphyletic genus) † Malfelis † Oxyaena † Patriofelis † Protopsalis † Sarkastodon
Synonyms
Oxyaenidae (Cope, 1877)

Oxyaeninae ("sharp hyenas") is an extinct subfamily of placental mammals from extinct family Oxyaenidae, that lived in Asia, North America and Europe from the late Paleocene to middle Eocene. ^{[1] [2]}

Etymology

The name of the subfamily translates as "sharp hyaenas" (from Ancient Greek ὀξύς- (oxús-) 'sharp', name of hyena genus Hyaena and taxonomic suffix "-inae"). ^[3]

Classification and phylogeny

Taxonomy

• Subfamily: †Oxyaeninae(Cope, 1877)
  • Genus: † Argillotherium (Davies, 1884)
    • †Argillotherium toliapicum(Davies, 1884)
  • Genus: † Dipsalidictis ^{(paraphyletic genus)}(Matthew & Granger, 1915)
    • †Dipsalidictis aequidens(Matthew & Granger, 1915)
    • †Dipsalidictis krausei(Gunnell & Gingerich, 1991)
    • †Dipsalidictis platypus(Matthew & Granger, 1915)
    • †Dipsalidictis transiens(Matthew & Granger, 1915)
  • Genus: † Malfelis (Stucky & Hardy, 2007)
    • †Malfelis badwaterensis(Stucky & Hardy, 2007) ^[4]
  • Genus: † Oxyaena (Cope, 1874)
    • †Oxyaena forcipata(Cope, 1874)
    • †Oxyaena gulo(Matthew & Granger, 1915)
    • †Oxyaena intermedia(Denison, 1938)
    • †Oxyaena lupina(Cope, 1874)
    • †Oxyaena pardalis(Matthew & Granger, 1915)
    • †Oxyaena simpsoni(Van Valen, 1966)
    • †Oxyaena woutersi(Lange-Badré & Godinot, 1982)
    • †Oxyaena sp. [Europe] (Solé, 2011)
  • Genus: † Patriofelis (Leidy, 1870)
    • †Patriofelis ferox(Marsh, 1872)
    • †Patriofelis ulta(Leidy, 1870)
  • Genus: † Protopsalis (Cope, 1880)
    • †Protopsalis tigrinus(Cope, 1880)
  • Genus: † Sarkastodon (Granger, 1938)
    • †Sarkastodon henanensis(Tong & Lei, 1986)
    • †Sarkastodon mongoliensis(Granger, 1938)

References

1. Gunnel, Gregg F.; Gingerich, Philip D. (1991-09-30). "Systematics and evolution of late Paleocene and early Eocene Oxyaenidae (Mammalia, Creodonta) in the Clarks Fork Basin, Wyoming" (PDF). Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology. 28 (7). The University of Michigan: 141–180.
2. Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell: Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level in Columbia University Press, New York (1997), 631 Seiten. Oxyaeninae
3. Dixon, Dougal (2008). World Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs & Prehistoric Creatures. Lorenz Books. ISBN   978-0-7548-1730-7.
4. Stucky, R. K.; Hardy, T. G. (2007). "A new large hypercarnivorous oxyaenid (Mammalia, Creodonta) from the Middle Eocene of the Wind River Formation, Natrona County, Wyoming" (PDF). Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History. 39: 57–65. doi:10.2992/0145-9058(2007)39[57:anlhom]2.0.co;2. S2CID   130956705.