PICA200 is a graphics processing unit (GPU) designed by Digital Media Professionals Inc. (DMP), a Japanese GPU design startup company, for use in embedded devices such as vehicle systems, mobile phones, cameras, and game consoles. The PICA200 is an IP Core which can be licensed to other companies to incorporate into their SOCs. [1] It was most notably licensed for use in the Nintendo 3DS.
It was announced at SIGGRAPH 2005, and an operational demo, "Mikage", was presented in collaboration with Futuremark at SIGGRAPH 2006. [2]
The PICA200 is the successor to the ULTRAY2000, a proof of concept graphics workstation presented at SIGGRAPH 2005, created with the goal of testing DMP's attempts at a low power fixed-function "MAESTRO" GPU architecture. [3]
The PICA200 implements the "MAESTRO-2G" architecture and supports programmable vertex shaders and geometry shaders, with a fixed-function fragment stage. It is advertised as supporting OpenGL ES 1.1 with certain proprietary extensions. [4]
The PICA200 has up to 4 programmable vertex processors which can work in parallel. One of those processors, the "primitive engine", can be used as either vertex processor or a geometry processor. [5] The "primitive engine" also allow the ability to do more complex operations including, but not limited to Catmull–Clark subdivision and Loop subdivision [6]
Some MAESTRO-2G extensions include, per-pixel lighting [7] (where the lighting is calculated per pixel instead of per vertex), procedural texture generation, [8] bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF), [7] Cook-Torrance specular highlights, [7] polygon subdivision (through geometry shaders), [9] soft shadow projection, and fake subsurface scattering [10] (similar to two-sided lighting). [11]
The PICA200 is used as the GPU for the Nintendo 3DS portable handheld game console. [12]
