Plectranthus

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Plectranthus
Plectranthus fruticans0.jpg
Plectranthus fruticosus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Subfamily: Nepetoideae
Tribe: Ocimeae
Genus: Plectranthus
L'Hér. [1]
Species

Many, see text

Synonyms [1]

AscocarydionG.Taylor
BurnatastrumBriq.
CapitanyaGürke
DielsiaKudô
EnglerastrumBriq.
GermaneaLam.
HolostylonRobyns & Lebrun
IsodictyophorusBriq.
LeocusA.Chev.
NeomuelleraBriq.
PerrierastrumGuillaumin
SymphostemonHiern

Contents

Plectranthus is a genus of about 85 species of flowering plants from the sage family, Lamiaceae, found mostly in southern and tropical Africa and Madagascar. Common names include spur-flower. Plectranthus species are herbaceous perennial plants, rarely annuals or soft-wooded shrubs, sometimes succulent; sometimes with a tuberous base. [2]

Several species are grown as ornamental plants. The cultivar Mona Lavender = 'Plepalila' [3] has received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Recent phylogenetic analysis found Plectranthus to be paraphyletic with respect to Coleus , Solenostemon, Pycnostachys and Anisochilus. The most recent treatment of the genus resurrected the genus Coleus, and 212 names were changed from combinations in Plectranthus, Pycnostachys and Anisochilus. Equilabium was segregated from Plectranthus, after phylogenetic studies supported its recognition as a phylogenetically distinct genus. [2]

Etymology

The word plectranthus derives from the Greek πλῆκτρον (plēktron), "anything to strike with, an instrument for striking the lyre, a spear point" [4] + ἄνθος (anthos), "blossom, flower". [5]

Species

Plectranthus verticillatus in cultivation Plectranthus verticillatus 3.JPG
Plectranthus verticillatus in cultivation
Plectranthus ecklonii in cultivation Plectranthus ecklonii.jpg
Plectranthus ecklonii in cultivation

Paton et al. (2019) listed 72 species. [2] As of October 2022, Plants of the World Online accepted 84:

Transferred to Coleus

Species transferred to Coleus in 2019 include: [2]

Other species formerly placed in Plectranthus

Related Research Articles

<i>Solenostemon</i> Genus of plants

Solenostemon is a former genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. It has been included in the genus Plectranthus, but is now included in an expanded Coleus. They are native to tropical Africa, Asia and Australia. Some species formerly placed in this genus are cultivated for their highly variegated leaves.

<i>Kniphofia</i> Genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Asphodelaceae

Kniphofia is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Asphodelaceae, first described as a genus in 1794. The species are native to Africa. Common names include tritoma, red hot poker, torch lily and poker plant.

<i>Ocimum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Ocimum is a genus of aromatic annual and perennial herbs and shrubs in the family Lamiaceae, native to the tropical and warm temperate regions of all 6 inhabited continents, with the greatest number of species in Africa. It is the genus of basil and its best known species are the cooking herb great basil, O. basilicum, and the medicinal herb tulsi, O. tenuiflorum.

<i>Orthosiphon</i> Genus of flowering plants

Orthosiphon is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae native to Africa, Southern Asia and Queensland, with one species (O. americanus) in Colombia. They are herbaceous shrubs which grow to a height of 1.5 m (5 ft). Some Orthosiphon species are popular garden plants because of their flowers, which are white and bluish with filaments resembling a cat's whiskers. In the wild, the plants can be seen growing in forests and along roadsides.

<i>Tinnea</i> Genus of flowering plants

Tinnea (sunbells) is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae first described in 1867. It is native to sub-Saharan Africa. It was named in honour of the Dutch explorer Alexine Tinne.

  1. Tinnea aethiopicaKotschy ex Hook.f. - widespread from Mali to Somalia south to Mozambique; naturalized in Trinidad & Tobago
  2. Tinnea antiscorbuticaWelw. - DRC, Zambia, Angola
  3. Tinnea apiculataRobyns & Lebrun - eastern Africa from Rwanda to Mozambique
  4. Tinnea barbataVollesen - Eswatini, northern South Africa
  5. Tinnea barteriGürke - western Africa
  6. Tinnea benguellensisGürke - Angola
  7. Tinnea coeruleaGürke - DRC, Zambia, Angola
  8. Tinnea eriocalyxWelw. - DRC, Angola, Botswana, Namibia
  9. Tinnea galpiniiBriq. - Eswatini, Mozambique, South Africa
  10. Tinnea gossweileriRobyns & Lebrun - Angola
  11. Tinnea gracilisGürke - Tanzania to Zambia
  12. Tinnea mirabilis(Bullock) Vollesen - Tanzania
  13. Tinnea physalisE.A.Bruce - Tanzania
  14. Tinnea platyphyllaBriq. - DRC
  15. Tinnea rhodesianaS.Moore - South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Angola, Mozambique
  16. Tinnea somalensisGürke ex Chiov. - Ethiopia
  17. Tinnea vesiculosaGürke - Tanzania, Malawi
  18. Tinnea vestitaBaker - Zimbabwe, Zambia, Angola, Botswana
  19. Tinnea zambesiacaBaker - Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique
<i>Aeollanthus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Aeollanthus (rocksage) is a genus in the mint family, Lamiaceae. All the species are native to Africa.

<i>Acrotome</i> Genus of flowering plants

Acrotome (horsefrights) is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1838. The genus is native to the southern part of Africa.

<i>Capitanopsis</i> Genus of flowering plants

Capitanopsis is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1916. It contains six known species, all endemic to Madagascar.

Endostemon (keepsafe) is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1910. It is native primarily to eastern Africa, with some species in central and southern Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar, and the Indian subcontinent.

  1. Endostemon albusA.J.Paton, Harley & M.M.Harley - Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique
  2. Endostemon camporum(Gürke) M.R.Ashby - Kenya, Tanzania
  3. Endostemon ctenoneurusHarley - Kenya, Somalia
  4. Endostemon glandulosusHarley & Sebsebe - Ethiopia
  5. Endostemon gracilis(Benth.) M.R.Ashby - Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania, Yemen
  6. Endostemon kelleri(Briq.) Ryding ex A.J.Paton & Harley - Kenya, Somalia, Ethiopia
  7. Endostemon leucosphaerus(Briq.) A.J.Paton, Harley & M.M.Harley - Somalia, Ethiopia
  8. Endostemon membranaceus(Benth.) Ayob. ex A.J.Paton & Harley - Cameroon, Angola, Central African Republic
  9. Endostemon obbiadensis(Chiov.) M.R.Ashby - Somalia
  10. Endostemon obtusifolius(E.Mey.) N.E.Br. - from South Africa north to Angola and Tanzania
  11. Endostemon racemosusRyding, A.J.Paton & Thulin - Somalia
  12. Endostemon stenocaulis(Hedge) Ryding, A.J.Paton & Thulin - Somalia
  13. Endostemon tenuiflorus(Benth.) M.R.Ashby - eastern + southern Africa, Madagascar, Arabian Peninsula
  14. Endostemon tereticaulis(Poir.) M.R.Ashby - widespread across much of tropical Africa, also Yemen + Saudi Arabia
  15. Endostemon tomentosusHarley & Sebsebe - Somalia
  16. Endostemon tubulascens(Briq.) M.R.Ashby - Angola
  17. Endostemon usambarensisM.R.Ashby - Tanzania
  18. Endostemon villosus(Briq.) M.R.Ashby - central Africa
  19. Endostemon viscosus(Roth) M.R.Ashby - India, Assam, Sri Lanka
  20. Endostemon wakefieldii(Baker) M.R.Ashby - Kenya
<i>Haumaniastrum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Haumaniastrum is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae, first described in 1959. The species are native to Africa.

<i>Platostoma</i> Genus of flowering plants

Platostoma is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae, first described as a genus in 1818. It is native to tropical parts of Africa, southern Asia, Papuasia, and Australia. Mesona and Acrocephalus has been known as its synonyms.

<i>Syncolostemon</i> Genus of flowering plants

Syncolostemon (sagebushes) is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1838. It is native primarily to South Africa, with some species in other parts of sub-Saharan Africa, plus one species in India.

  1. Syncolostemon albiflorus(N.E.Br.) D.F.Otieno - Transvaal, Eswatini
  2. Syncolostemon argenteusN.E.Br. - KwaZulu-Natal
  3. Syncolostemon bolusii(N.E.Br.) D.F.Otieno - KwaZulu-Natal
  4. Syncolostemon bracteosus(Benth.) D.F.Otieno - widespread across much of sub-Saharan Africa
  5. Syncolostemon canescens(Gürke) D.F.Otieno - Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Eswatini, South Africa
  6. Syncolostemon cinereum(Codd) D.F.Otieno & Retief - South Africa
  7. Syncolostemon comosus(Wight ex Benth.) D.F.Otieno - southern India
  8. Syncolostemon comptoniiCodd - Eswatini
  9. Syncolostemon concinnusN.E.Br. - Eswatini, South Africa
  10. Syncolostemon densiflorusBenth. - South Africa
  11. Syncolostemon elliottii(Baker) D.F.Otieno - Zimbabwe, Botswana, Transvaal
  12. Syncolostemon eriocephalusVerd. - Northern Province of South Africa
  13. Syncolostemon flabellifolius(S.Moore) A.J.Paton - Chimanimani Mountains of Mozambique + Zimbabwe
  14. Syncolostemon floccosus(Launert) D.F.Otieno - Namibia
  15. Syncolostemon foliosus(S.Moore) D.F.Otieno - Eswatini, South Africa
  16. Syncolostemon gerrardii(N.E.Br.) D.F.Otieno - South Africa
  17. Syncolostemon incanus(Codd) D.F.Otieno - Northern Province of South Africa
  18. Syncolostemon latidens(N.E.Br.) Codd - KwaZulu-Natal
  19. Syncolostemon linearis(Benth.) D.F.Otieno - Zimbabwe
  20. Syncolostemon macranthus(Gürke) Ashby - Drakensberg Mountains in South Africa
  21. Syncolostemon macrophyllusGürke - South Africa
  22. Syncolostemon madagascariensis(A.J.Paton & Hedge) D.F.Otieno - Madagascar
  23. Syncolostemon modestus(Codd) D.F.Otieno - Eswatini, South Africa
  24. Syncolostemon namapaensisD.F.Otieno - Mozambique, Tanzania
  25. Syncolostemon obermeyerae(M.Ashby) D.F.Otieno - Northern Province of South Africa
  26. Syncolostemon oritrephes(Wild) D.F.Otieno - Chimanimani Mountains of Mozambique + Zimbabwe
  27. Syncolostemon ornatus(S.Moore) D.F.Otieno - Chimanimani Mountains of Zimbabwe
  28. Syncolostemon parviflorusE.Mey. ex Benth. - Eswatini, South Africa
  29. Syncolostemon parvifolius(Codd) D.F.Otieno - Northern Province of South Africa
  30. Syncolostemon persimilis(N.E.Br.) D.F.Otieno - Northern Province of South Africa
  31. Syncolostemon petiolatus(Ashby) D.F.Otieno - Eswatini, South Africa, Mozambique
  32. Syncolostemon pretoriae(Gürke) D.F.Otieno - Eswatini, South Africa
  33. Syncolostemon punctatus(Codd) D.F.Otieno - Northern Province of South Africa
  34. Syncolostemon ramosus(Codd) D.F.Otieno - KwaZulu-Natal
  35. Syncolostemon ramulosusE.Mey. ex Benth. - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
  36. Syncolostemon rehmannii(Gürke) D.F.Otieno - Northern Province of South Africa
  37. Syncolostemon rotundifoliusE.Mey. ex Benth. - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
  38. Syncolostemon rugosifolius(M.Ashby) D.F.Otieno - Northern Province of South Africa
  39. Syncolostemon stalmansii(A.J.Paton & K.Balkwill) D.F.Otieno - Mpumalanga, Eswatini
  40. Syncolostemon stenophyllus(Gürke) D.F.Otieno - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
  41. Syncolostemon subvelutinus(Gürke) D.F.Otieno - Northern Province of South Africa
  42. Syncolostemon teucriifolius(Hochst.) D.F.Otieno - Mozambique, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  43. Syncolostemon thorncroftii(N.E.Br.) D.F.Otieno - Northern Province of South Africa
  44. Syncolostemon transvaalensis(Schltr.) D.F.Otieno - Northern Province of South Africa
  45. Syncolostemon welwitschii(Rolfe) D.F.Otieno - Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Zaire, Tanzania, Zambia, Angola
<i>Tetradenia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Tetradenia (gingerbush) is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1830. It is native to Africa, including Madagascar.

  1. Tetradenia bainesii(N.E.Br.) Phillipson & C.F.Steyn - Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Eswatini, KwaZulu-Natal
  2. Tetradenia barberae(N.E.Br.) Codd - Cape Province
  3. Tetradenia brevispicata(N.E.Br.) Codd - Zimbabwe, Namibia, Botswana, Transvaal
  4. Tetradenia clementianaPhillipson - Madagascar
  5. Tetradenia cordataPhillipson - Madagascar
  6. Tetradenia discolorPhillipson - Zambia, Zaire, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Tanzania
  7. Tetradenia falafaPhillipson - Madagascar
  8. Tetradenia fruticosaBenth. - Madagascar
  9. Tetradenia galpinii(N.E.Br.) Phillipson & C.F.Steyn - southeast Africa from Tanzania to Eswatini
  10. Tetradenia goudotiiBriq. - Madagascar
  11. Tetradenia herbacea Phillipson - Madagascar
  12. Tetradenia hildeanaPhillipson - Madagascar
  13. Tetradenia isaloensisPhillipson - Madagascar
  14. Tetradenia kaokoensisvan Jaarsv. & A.E.van Wyk - Namibia
  15. Tetradenia multiflora(Benth.) Phillipson - Ethiopia
  16. Tetradenia nervosaCodd - Madagascar
  17. Tetradenia riparia(Hochst.) Codd - southern Africa from Angola + Malawi to Eswatini
  18. Tetradenia tanganyikaePhillipson - Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia
  19. Tetradenia tuberosaT.J.Edwards - KwaZulu-Natal
  20. Tetradenia urticifolia(Baker) Phillipson - eastern + central Africa from Sudan + Eritrea south to Zaire and Tanzania
<i>Coleus neochilus</i> Species of flowering plant

Coleus neochilus, synonym Plectranthus neochilus, which is colloquially known as lobster bush, fly bush or mosquito bush, is a perennial ground cover with highly fragrant, partially scalloped, ovate leaves and purple blue inflorescent spikes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nepetoideae</span> Subfamily of flowering plants in the sage family Lamiaceae

Nepetoideae is a subfamily of plants in the family Lamiaceae.

Equilabium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. It was split off from the genus Plectranthus in 2018 as the result of a molecular phylogenetic study. Most species are native to Africa, with two found in the Indian subcontinent.

<i>Plectranthus hadiensis</i> Species of plant

Plectranthus hadiensis is a perennial herbaceous plant of the family Lamiaceae.

References

  1. 1 2 "Genus: Plectranthus L'Hér". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-10-05. Archived from the original on 2011-06-29. Retrieved 2011-02-17.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Paton, Alan J.; Mwanyambo, Montfort; Govaerts, Rafaël H.A.; Smitha, Kokkaraniyil; Suddee, Somran; Phillipson, Peter B.; Wilson, Trevor C.; Forster, Paul I. & Culham, Alastair (2019). "Nomenclatural changes in Coleus and Plectranthus (Lamiaceae): a tale of more than two genera". PhytoKeys (129): 1–158. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.129.34988 . PMC   6717120 . PMID   31523157.
  3. ↑ "PlectranthusMona Lavender = 'Plepalila'". RHS. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
  4. ↑ πλῆκτρον, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
  5. ↑ ἄνθος, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
  6. ↑ "Plectranthus hadiensis (Forssk.) Schweinf. ex Sprenger", Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2022-10-07
  7. ↑ "GRIN Species Records of Plectranthus". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on December 11, 2012. Retrieved 2011-02-17.
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