Political positions of Leni Robredo

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Robredo at the San Sebastian College - Recoletos in Manila, Philippines VP Leni Robredo - San Sebastian College Recoletos Manila 03.jpg
Robredo at the San Sebastian College – Recoletos in Manila, Philippines

Leni Robredo, the 14th Vice President of the Philippines, has held various foreign, domestic, economic, and social positions over the course of her career. She has supported women's rights and women empowerment, human rights, ending endo contractualization, and policies that are pro-poor. [1] As the chairperson of the Liberal Party during her vice presidency, Robredo was the leader of the opposition against President Rodrigo Duterte, [2] taking positions contrary to those of the Duterte administration's policies, opposing federalism and charter change, the reimposition of the death penalty, warmer relations with China, and the war on drugs. [3] [4] [5]

Contents

Basic political and governance views

Ferdinand Marcos' burial at the Heroes' Cemetery

Robredo opposed Duterte's approval of a hero's burial for the former president and dictator Ferdinand Marcos and criticized the secretive burial as being “like a thief in the night”. [6] After members of the Supreme Court voted nine to five in favor of Marcos’ burial at the Heroes’ Cemetery, [7] [8] [9] Robredo aired her criticisms through Facebook and Twitter, stating that “Marcos was a thief, a murderer and a dictator. He is no hero.” [10] She also criticized the Armed Forces of the Philippines and the Philippine National Police for being complicit and for assisting in the execution of the burial. [11]

Robredo's resignation from the Duterte Cabinet

President Duterte informally meets Vice President Robredo for the first time in public at a turnover ceremony held in Camp Aguinaldo, Quezon City President Rodrigo R. Duterte at Camp Aguinaldo.jpg
President Duterte informally meets Vice President Robredo for the first time in public at a turnover ceremony held in Camp Aguinaldo, Quezon City

Days after the first informal meeting between President Duterte and Vice President Robredo, [12] the latter was offered the top post at the Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council through a televised phone call. [13] [14] Months later, Robredo would tender her resignation through a letter to President Duterte dated December 5, 2016, [15] [16] [17] citing a ₱19-billion budget cut for all key shelter agencies, inaction on her appointment recommendations to make the HUDCC more effective, and Duterte's pronouncement that Bongbong Marcos could be the new Vice President if his election protest succeeds (necessitating her resignation from her HUDCC post to protect the office she was elected to). [18] Her resignation also came after Duterte directed her to stop attending all Cabinet meetings. [19] [20]

Duterte's declaration of a state of emergency

After Duterte's initial declaration of a state of national emergency after a Davao City terrorist attack, [21] [22] the Vice President, despite coming from the opposition, announced that she respects the declaration for as long as it does not trample on the Constitution or fundamental rights. [23] She remarked, “We reiterate our call that we bring to justice those responsible for the violence in Davao and at the same time, our bill of rights is followed and treated with utmost respect[.]” [24]

Leni Robredo at the ASEAN Disability Forum VP Leni Robredo - ASEAN Disability Forum (ADF) Conference 02.jpg
Leni Robredo at the ASEAN Disability Forum

Human rights and extrajudicial killings

Robredo spoke against the killings involving drug users that occurred during President Duterte's drug war, noting that while there is indeed a need for an anti-drug campaign, rehabilitation of drug addicts is more important than punishment. [25] Robredo aired her concerns over the vigilantism and violence associated with the Duterte administration's war on drugs, despite her support of the policy. [26] She later condemned all the violence committed, adding her opposition to the culture of fear being established that did not value human rights. [27] Robredo described the war on drugs as a mere front to justify the violence. [28] She has insisted that violence against drug-use violators is unnecessary, stating that it is the drugs that the country should be going after. [29] In March 2017, she called for international investigations into the administration's method of conducting its war on drugs, [30] which she believed led to other abuses, such as the battering up of those who demanded search warrants and the detention of relatives of people accused. [31] [32] An impeachment complaint was filed against Robredo following her statement; President Duterte came out to oppose the initiative, however, telling his allies to stop the plan, citing democracy and freedom of speech. [33] [34]

Detention of Leila De Lima

Opposition senator Leila De Lima was implicated by the Duterte government in illegal-drug activities during her stint as justice secretary, with an alleged love affair between her and her driver and bodyguard also being exposed. [35] [36] [37] De Lima had expected such charges to be filed against her by her former office, the Department of Justice, and called the possible arrest as a product of “false and railroaded drug charges.” [38] Vice President Leni Robredo opposed the arrest, describing it as being politically motivated. [39] [40] Robredo also alleged that the charges were driven by De Lima's political opposition to the Duterte presidency rather than by her being guilty of possessing illegal drugs. [41]

The arrest of the Senator was not barred by the Supreme Court, [42] with the court voting in October 2017 to keep her in jail. [43] De Lima's appeal for reconsideration was junked by the Supreme Court in April 2018. [44] In June 2024, however, two years after the end of Duterte's term in 2022, the last charge against the now former senator was dismissed, and De Lima was released. [45] Robredo had called for De Lima's release in May 2022 after star witnesses in the Senator's case said they were merely forced to testify against the then-senator, thereby retracting their testimonies. De Lima, while in prison, was part of Robredo's senatorial slate during Robredo's 2022 presidential run. [46]

Federalism

Robredo opposed calls for federalism, citing the varying levels of readiness of the regions that depend on the national government for income. [47] She questioned the form and model that the Duterte government intended to implement, asked what it is that the program seeks to solve, questioning likewise the readiness of the Philippines, the trustworthiness of the Constitutional Assembly, and the financial independence of local governments. [48] [49] [50] In January 2018, her camp expressed their opposition to the plan to abolish the Office of the Vice President under the draft for a federalist constitution. [51] [52] Opposition lawyer Christian Monsod stated in July 2018 that the transitory provisions of the draft could be used to nullify Robredo's right to the Philippines' leadership succession. [53] That same month, Robredo questioned anew the need for a transition to federalism.

[In October 2018, a draft constitution was passed in the House of Representatives, in which draft Section 4, Article XVII on the Transitory Provisions set the Senate President, rather than the Vice President, as the successor of the President. [54] This was proposed by Speaker Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and 21 other lawmakers. [54] [55] [56] Vicente Veloso, the House chairperson on constitutional amendments, cited the instability of the Office of the Vice President, given the electoral protest filed by Bongbong Marcos. [57] Robredo's election lawyer, Romulo Macalintal, questioned the group's basing their succession emendation on a pending election protest. [56] [57] [58] The provision was amended days later, restoring Robredo's role in the succession line.] [59] [60]

Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN) Law

When the first implementation of the TRAIN program was signed on December 19, 2017, its critics became weary of the increase in fuel prices that would offset wage earners' savings from their tax cuts. [61] [62] Inflation rose to four percent in January, continuing to rise to 6.7 percent by October 2018. [63] [64] With rising prices of basic goods, Robredo called for the government to act on aiding the poor by fulfilling its promised Conditional Cash Transfer program, regardless of whether or not this rise was indeed caused by the TRAIN law. [65] Robredo also later urged stakeholders to review the TRAIN program, given the continuous rise in inflation rate that was affecting the poor. [66] Robredo and the Liberal Party suggested a review of the safety nets that are meant to ease the effect of inflation on the poor. [67] Amid rising prices, Robredo also asked the Senate, House of Representatives, and President Duterte to certify as urgent a bill that would stop the added tax on fuel. [68]

Social policy

Death penalty

During the vice presidential debates of April 2016, Robredo gave her thumbs down to the question regarding the imposition of the death penalty to the crime of corruption. [3] In May 2016, Robredo again expressed her opposition to the death penalty as a policy. [69] This was in opposition to then-presidential candidate Duterte's promise to reintroduce capital punishment and launch a war against crime, which reintroduction was supposed to be applied to drug crimes, rape, murder, and robbery. [70] In her argument, Robredo cited the absence of statistics linking diminished crime with an imposed death penalty and even with the occurrence of wrongful convictions carrying the death sentence. [71]

Divorce

During the campaign period in 2016, Robredo expressed her desire to fix the annulment system before tackling the issue of divorce. Her aim was to make the system easy to access, especially for the poor and marginalized. She also supported making a spouse's physical and emotional abuse as grounds for annulment. [72] Robredo would repeat her views in March 2018, stating her openness to a divorce bill that even the poor could access. She added, however, that she does not want people to take marriage for granted, stressing its sanctity. [73] [74]

Labor and contractualization

On July 4, 2016, Robredo vowed to collaborate with the Duterte government in pushing for more jobs and ending contractualization in spite of their political differences. [75] One of the items she proposed was the abolition of end-of-contract (ENDO) practices that have been preventing laborers from acquiring permanent jobs. [76] Robredo also called on both worker organizations and employer associations to talk about a compromise position between the interest of workers who cannot find permanent jobs because of end-of-contract practices and that of businesses that become less competitive and run deficits under a strict labor policy. [77]

Women's rights

Robredo supports feminism and equal rights, citing the role of women in inclusive development. [1] She has repeatedly called for men to respect women and to stand up against misogyny and bigotry, stating that inappropriate and tasteless remarks have no place in society. [78] [79] [80] [81] Days before her inauguration as vice president, Robredo stated her advocacy of anti-poverty and pro-women programs. [82] In May 2017, she likewise stated the importance of creating economic improvements for women in the mission to give them greater freedom from abuse. Robredo aided women through the Angat Buhay Project of her office, which oversaw the growth of women's businesses. Robredo has stated the bigger importance of quiet strength and collaboration, in contrast to leading, in promoting gender equality. [83] She has also urged women to protect their right to vote, reminding them of the plebiscite on April 30, 1937, that allowed women to participate in the country's elections. [84] Robredo, however, opposes abortion, although she made statements about being open to its decriminalization. [85]

Former President Duterte had repeatedly made controversial misogynistic statements, with some directed towards Robredo, [86] [87] which Natdem women's group Gabriela and Vice President Robredo herself flagged as inappropriate. [88] [80] Robredo opined that the Duterte administration had gone back to a culture of misogyny and bigotry that has put women politicians in the present at a disadvantage. [89] After Duterte made his controversial rape joke, Robredo stressed that rapists are the sole causes of rape and not the pretty women who had become their victims. [90] [91] [92]

LGBT rights

In 2016, the Office of the Vice President tweeted that while Robredo is opposed to same-sex marriage, she supports same-sex civil unions. [93] During a CNN Philippines debate on February 27, 2022, Robredo stated, "I am all for civil unions," adding that she is in agreement with Pope Francis' view on the subject. [94]

Economic policy

Infrastructure

During a business keynote on November 17, 2021, as the Covid-19 pandemic continued, Robredo promised to encourage outdoor economic activity "to reduce the risk of infection in closed and crowded areas". She also vowed to review and expand the Duterte administration's nationwide bike lane network program, proposing to increase the bicycle infrastructure budget from ₱1.6 billion to ₱14 billion for the installation of more bicycle lanes around the country. [95]

Foreign policy

South China Sea dispute

Robredo has called for peaceful public action and unity against China's militarization of the South China Sea. [96] [97] On May 22, 2018, Robredo and Associate Justice Antonio Carpio suggested the government's filing of a formal protest against China's militarization of the area, after a long-range bomber was landed in the contested area. [98] [99] Robredo described the consequences of China's militarization as similar to Japan's invasion of the Philippines during World War II, as China's continued assertion of its nine-dash line means that the Philippines could lose control over its exclusive economic zone. [100]

China–Philippines relations

Robredo opposed the Duterte administration's appeasement policy of setting aside the Philippines' arbitration award and pushing for better relations with the People's Republic of China. [5] [101] She reiterated that China must be met with diplomatic resistance everytime it violates international law, citing that smaller, less powerful nations must not suffer from China's aggressive expansionism. [102] Robredo has also warned against the country's falling into a debt trap after the Duterte government pursued deals with China. [103] Robredo said that assessing the deals Duterte made with China has been difficult due to the administration's lack of transparency. [104] She stressed that while the Philippines is indeed in need of financing, it should not however give up its sovereignty. She added that Filipinos should be more watchful towards China's loans, as these might come with undesirable consequences. [105]

Overseas Filipino workers' deployment ban to Kuwait

After news of widespread abuse of overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) and the discovery of a Filipina worker's body in a freezer in Kuwait, Duterte ordered distressed OFWs to be sent back home. [106] [107] [108] [109] Duterte also banned the deployment of OFWs to Kuwait in February 2018, saying that he would ban deployment of Filipino labor to countries that abuse Filipino migrant workers. [110] Robredo supported the move of Duterte to ban OFWs from serving in Kuwait, [111] but urged the government to come up with a bilateral deal with the country concerned to continue the economic tie and protect the OFWs from abuse at the same time. [112]

After relations between the two countries deteriorated, with allegations that the Philippine Embassy took distressed Filipinos directly from Kuwaiti households, [113] [114] Robredo called for "decisive steps" to solve the diplomatic dilemma caused by the rescue missions done by the Philippine Embassy. [115] [116] [117] After a memorandum of agreement was signed with Kuwait on May 11, 2018, President Duterte lifted its labor deployment to Kuwait ban on May 15, 2018. [118] [119] [120]

References

  1. 1 2 "Robredo to Filipino women: Feminism about 'building bridges'". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  2. ↑ Karen Lema. "VP Robredo wants to be opposition's voice to make Duterte listen". ABS-CBN News. Reuters. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  3. 1 2 "LOOK: VP candidates' stand on death penalty for corrupt, same-sex marriage, and more". CNN Philippines . Archived from the original on April 14, 2016. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  4. ↑ "Robredo camp calls renewed charter change push a 'waste of time, money'". Philstar.com. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
  5. 1 2 "Robredo warns: Philippines losing arbitral ruling advantage in South China Sea | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  6. ↑ "Robredo chides Marcos family: Why hide burial like a shameful criminal deed?". GMA News Online. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  7. ↑ Holmes, Oliver (November 8, 2016). "Former Philippines president Ferdinand Marcos granted 'hero's burial'". the Guardian. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  8. ↑ Murdoch, Lindsay (November 8, 2016). "Philippine court clears way to give Ferdinand Marcos a hero's burial". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  9. ↑ Meyers, Jessica (November 8, 2016). "In win for Duterte, Philippine Supreme Court permits hero's burial for former dictator Ferdinand Marcos - Los Angeles Times". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  10. ↑ "#MarcosNOTaHero surprise burial: The Philippines' vice president Leni Robredo is passive-aggressively shaming her boss Rodrigo Duterte on Twitter — Quartz". qz.com. November 18, 2016. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  11. ↑ Paddock, Richard C. (November 18, 2016). "Hero's Burial for Ferdinand Marcos Draws Protests From Dictator's Victims". The New York Times. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  12. ↑ "Duterte, Robredo meet for the first time | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  13. ↑ "VP Robredo is Duterte's housing czar". Rappler. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  14. ↑ Jesus, Julliane Love De. "'Hello Ma'am Leni': Duterte offers Robredo housing post via phone call" . Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  15. ↑ "LOOK: VP Leni Robredo's resignation letter". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  16. ↑ "VP Leni Robredo resigns as Housing Secretary". cnn. Archived from the original on December 5, 2016. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  17. ↑ "(LOOK) Vice Pres. Leni Robredo's resignation letter as HUDCC chair". Manila Bulletin News. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  18. ↑ Nonato, Vince. "Robredo asked to stop attending Cabinet meetings, quits post" . Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  19. ↑ "Why Robredo was told not to attend Cabinet meetings". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  20. ↑ Karen Lema. "VP Robredo wants to be opposition's voice to make Duterte listen". ABS-CBN News. Reuters. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  21. ↑ "Philippines' Duterte Declares 'State of Emergency'". Time. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  22. ↑ Tan, Oscar Franklin. "What's in a name? State of National Emergency" . Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  23. ↑ Arguillas, Carolyn O. "From "lockdown" to "state of lawlessness" to "state of national emergency"". MindaNews. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  24. ↑ "Palace releases proclamation on state of nat'l emergency". Rappler. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  25. ↑ "Robredo: I believe in rehabilitation, not killing". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  26. ↑ "Robredo vs Marcos: The long and winding road to the vice presidency". Rappler. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  27. ↑ "Robredo: 'Senseless, unjust violence must stop'". Rappler. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  28. ↑ Silva, Victor Anthony V. "Robredo: War on drugs being used to justify killings, violence" . Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  29. ↑ "Robredo opens ICAD meet: The enemy is drugs, not people". Rappler. Retrieved November 1, 2021.
  30. ↑ "Philippine Vice-President Leni Robredo slams drug war". The Straits Times. March 15, 2017. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  31. ↑ "Watch the Philippine Vice President Slam Duterte's Drug War". Time. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  32. ↑ "Robredo reveals 'palit-ulo' scheme in war on drugs". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  33. ↑ "Duterte thumbs down Leni impeachment". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  34. ↑ "Duterte on impeachment vs Robredo: 'Stop it'". Rappler. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  35. ↑ Villamor, Felipe (February 23, 2017). "Leila de Lima, Critic of Duterte, Is Arrested in the Philippines". The New York Times. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  36. ↑ Diplomat, Ronald D. Holmes and Mark R. Thompson, The. "Duterte's Year of Sound and Fury". The Diplomat. Retrieved November 8, 2018.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  37. ↑ "Senator Leila de Lima arrested in the Philippines". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  38. ↑ Quismundo, Tarra. "De Lima blasts Duterte 'vendetta,' braces for arrest" . Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  39. ↑ "Robredo dubs De Lima arrest as 'political harassment'". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  40. ↑ "STATEMENT: Vice President Leni Robredo on the Arrest of Sen. De Lima | UNTV News". www.untvweb.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  41. ↑ Hincks, Joseph (March 15, 2017). "Q&A: Philippine Vice President Condemns Drug War". Time. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  42. ↑ Reformina, Ina (February 28, 2017). "No stop order from SC on De Lima arrest, detention". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on September 12, 2024. Retrieved September 12, 2024.
  43. ↑ "Supreme Court's 9-6 ruling keeps De Lima in jail". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  44. ↑ "Supreme Court affirms De Lima's arrest on drug charges". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  45. ↑ "Philippines: Vindication for Leila de Lima as last bogus charge dismissed". Amnesty International. June 24, 2024. Retrieved July 3, 2025.
  46. ↑ Jr, Victor Barreiro (May 2, 2022). "'Free Leila now': Leni-Kiko call for De Lima's release after witnesses retract accusations". RAPPLER. Retrieved July 3, 2025.
  47. ↑ "Robredo: Federalism a good idea, but are we ready?". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  48. ↑ Dizon, Nikko. "Robredo says federalism may not be right solution to country's problems". Inquirer News. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  49. ↑ "Robredo questions need for charter change | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  50. ↑ "Robredo: Federalism raises 'more questions than answers'". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  51. ↑ "Robredo camp hits alleged plan to abolish VP post under federalism". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  52. ↑ Nonato, Pathricia Ann V. Roxas, Vince F. "Robredo camp: Is abolishing OVP a 'hidden agenda' in draft Constitution?" . Retrieved November 8, 2018.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  53. ↑ "Draft charter could remove Robredo from succession: Monsod". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  54. 1 2 "Arroyo's draft charter skips VP in transition to federalism". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  55. ↑ "Robredo hits 'desperate' proposal to remove her as Duterte's successor". cnn. Archived from the original on November 8, 2018. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  56. 1 2 "Robredo camp hits draft charter's 'ridiculous' basis for omitting VP from line of succession | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  57. 1 2 "Robredo camp: 'Outright ridiculous' to remove VP as Duterte's successor". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  58. ↑ "Draft charter wants Senate president, not VP, to succeed president during transition". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  59. ↑ "House inserts VP in pre-federal succession line". Manila Standard. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  60. ↑ "House restores VP Leni Robredo to succession line | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  61. ↑ "Income tax cut, but prices seen to go up | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  62. ↑ "DUE TO TRAIN LAW: NFA sees higher rice prices as fuel prices go up". GMA News Online. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  63. ↑ Almendral, Aurora (October 10, 2018). "Duterte's Luster Dulls as Rice Prices Soar in Philippines". The New York Times. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  64. ↑ "Inflation still elevated in October but steady at 6.7% | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  65. ↑ "Where are the safety nets? Robredo presses gov't on aid for poor badly hit by TRAIN Law". Latest Philippine News Today. June 18, 2018. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  66. ↑ Florida, Stephanie. "Robredo hopes TRAIN law will be revisited" . Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  67. ↑ "Robredo urges gov't to reconsider fuel excise tax, 'fix' NFA | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  68. ↑ "Robredo urges Duterte to certify Bawas Presyo Bill as urgent". Manila Bulletin News. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  69. ↑ Escandor, Juan Jr. "Duterte, Robredo on collision course over death penalty" . Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  70. ↑ "Duterte vows to reintroduce death penalty". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  71. ↑ "Conflict or cooperation: What will a Duterte-Robredo or Duterte-Marcos tandem look like?". CNN Philippines . Archived from the original on October 15, 2018. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  72. ↑ "Who among the VP bets will support divorce?". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  73. ↑ "Robredo 'open' to supporting divorce bill | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  74. ↑ "Robredo open to divorce bill as long it would be accessible to poor". Latest Philippine News Today. March 23, 2018. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  75. ↑ Cabacungan, Aie Balagtas See, Gil C. "Robredo vows to rally support for Duterte administration" . Retrieved November 8, 2018.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  76. ↑ Dizon, Nikko. "Duterte, Robredo reaffirm vow to protect workers" . Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  77. ↑ "'Senate must pick up fight vs contractualization' – Hontiveros". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  78. ↑ Ayalin, Adrian (September 27, 2018). "Robredo reiterates call for respect for women amid rape cases in Asia Pacific". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved September 12, 2024.
  79. ↑ Ayalin, Adrian (November 7, 2017). "Robredo: We need men who will fight misogyny, bigotry". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on September 12, 2024. Retrieved September 12, 2024.
  80. 1 2 Jesus, Julliane Love De. "Robredo: 'Tasteless' remarks on women have no place in society" . Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  81. ↑ "Robredo urges men to speak up vs misogyny, bigotry". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  82. ↑ "Robredo to pursue anti-poverty, pro-women advocacies | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  83. ↑ Ropero, Gillan (May 16, 2017). "Robredo seeks economic empowerment for women". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on September 12, 2024. Retrieved September 12, 2024.
  84. ↑ Dizon, Nikko. "Robredo to women: Protect suffrage" . Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  85. ↑ "Where does Robredo stand on key national issues? Read on". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
  86. ↑ "Duterte: Davao has a lot of rape cases because it has a lot of pretty women". CNN Philippines . Archived from the original on November 2, 2018. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  87. ↑ "Philippines' Duterte jokes about ogling Vice-President during Cabinet meeting". Stuff. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  88. ↑ "Gabriela: Duterte's remarks about Robredo 'perpetuate sexist bullying'". GMA News Online. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  89. ↑ "'Difficult time for women' under Duterte admin – Robredo". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  90. ↑ "Rody's 'rape joke' turns off Robredo". Manila Standard. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  91. ↑ "Robredo tells Duterte: Rape exists because of rapists | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  92. ↑ "Women's groups: Rapist mentality, not being pretty, leads to rape | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  93. ↑ @lenirobredo (April 10, 2016). "[Adm] Clarification: We are against same-sex marriage but we are for civil union. #LeniIsMyVP #PiliPinasDebates2016" (Tweet). Retrieved August 30, 2022– via Twitter.
  94. ↑ "Robredo, Lacson support same-sex civil union; Pacquiao reiterates opposition". CNN Philippines . February 27, 2022. Archived from the original on August 30, 2022. Retrieved August 30, 2022.
  95. ↑ Yang, Angelica Y. (November 17, 2021). "Robredo eyes P14 billion for bike lane expansion; boosting outdoor economic activity". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  96. ↑ Merez, Arianne (July 12, 2018). "Robredo asks Filipinos to protest China militarization in West PH Sea". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on March 23, 2023. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  97. ↑ Mangosing, Frances. "VP Robredo urges Filipinos to oppose military build-ups in South China Sea" . Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  98. ↑ "Justice Carpio, VP Robredo urge gov't to protest China bomber planes in South China Sea". cnn. Archived from the original on October 28, 2018. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  99. ↑ "Robredo urges Philippines to file diplomatic protest vs China | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  100. ↑ "Robredo: China presence in West PH Sea 'most serious external threat since WWII'". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  101. ↑ "Robredo seeks peaceful protest vs China moves in West PH Sea". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  102. ↑ Mangosing, Frances. "Robredo calls for diplomatic resistance vs China's bold expansionism" . Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  103. ↑ Inquirer, Philippine Daily. "Robredo warns of China debt trap, cites Sri Lanka" . Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  104. ↑ "Public rhetoric on West Philippine Sea causes fear on Filipinos — Robredo | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  105. ↑ Mangosing, Frances. "Robredo slams government's 'softened' stance on sea dispute" . Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  106. ↑ "Duterte wants distressed OFWs home from Kuwait in 72 hours". cnn. Archived from the original on August 20, 2018. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  107. ↑ "Body of OFW found in freezer in Kuwait arrives in Iloilo". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  108. ↑ Placido, Dharel (February 9, 2018). "'The Filipino is no slave': Duterte fumes at latest Pinay death in Kuwait". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on September 12, 2024. Retrieved September 12, 2024.
  109. ↑ "Duterte lashes out at Kuwait over mistreatment of Filipino workers". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  110. ↑ "Duterte says he may expand OFW ban to other countries". ABS-CBN News. Reuters. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  111. ↑ "Robredo supports ban on OFW deployment". Manila Bulletin News. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  112. ↑ "Robredo calls for bilateral deal to protect OFWs in Kuwait". Rappler. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  113. ↑ Santiago, Maxxy (April 22, 2018). "PH envoy summoned over video showing extraction of maids from Kuwaiti homes". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on September 12, 2024. Retrieved September 12, 2024.
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  117. ↑ "Leni: Let career diplomats settle Kuwait row | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
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  119. ↑ "Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte lifts ban on Filipinos working in Kuwait". The Japan Times Online. May 17, 2018. ISSN   0447-5763 . Retrieved November 8, 2018.
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