Potentilla indica

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Potentilla indica
Duchesnea indica9.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Potentilla
Species:
P. indica
Binomial name
Potentilla indica
Synonyms [1]
  • Duchesnea indica(Andrews) Teschem.
  • Duchesnea major(Makino) Makino
  • Fragaria indicaAndrews
  • Fragaria malayanaRoxb.
  • Fragaria nilagiricaZenker
  • Potentilla denticulosaSer.
  • Potentilla durandiiTorr. & A.Gray
  • Potentilla indica var. microphylla(T.T.Yu & T.C.Ku) H.Ohashi
  • Potentilla trifidaPall.

Potentilla indica known commonly as mock strawberry, [2] Indian-strawberry, [3] or false strawberry, [4] often referred to as a backyard strawberry, mainly in North America, is a flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. [1] [5] It has foliage and an aggregate accessory fruit similar to that of a true strawberry. It has yellow flowers, unlike the white or slightly pink flowers of true strawberries. It is native to eastern and southern Asia, but has been introduced to many other areas as a medicinal and an ornamental plant, subsequently naturalizing in many regions worldwide. [1] [5] [6] [2]

Contents

Many sources consider this plant part of the genus Potentilla [1] [7] [3] [5] [8] [9] [10] [11] due to evidence from chloroplast genetic sequence data that the genus Duchesnea is included within Potentilla, [12] though some still list it as Duchesnea indica. [13]

Description

Potentilla indica bloom Mock Strawberry (Potentilla indica) 08.18.22.jpg
Potentilla indica bloom

The leaves are trifoliate, roughly veined beneath, dark green, and often persisting through the winter, arising from short crowns. The plant spreads along creeping stolons, rooting and producing crowns at each node. The yellow flowers are produced in mid spring, then sporadically throughout the growing season. The aggregate accessory fruits are white or red, and entirely covered with red achenes, simple ovaries, each containing a single seed. [14] [15]

Uses

The fresh berries are edible but considered less palatable than proper strawberries. [16] [17]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fruit</span> Seed-bearing part of a flowering plant

In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rosaceae</span> Rose family of flowering plants

Rosaceae, the rose family, is a medium-sized family of flowering plants that includes 4,828 known species in 91 genera.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rosoideae</span> Subfamily of flowering plants

The rose subfamily Rosoideae consists of more than 850 species, including many shrubs, perennial herbs, and fruit plants such as strawberries and brambles. Only a few are annual herbs.

<i>Fragaria</i> Genus of strawberry plants

Fragaria is a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, commonly known as strawberries for their edible fruits. There are more than 20 described species and many hybrids and cultivars. The most common strawberries grown commercially are cultivars of the garden strawberry, a hybrid known as Fragaria × ananassa. Strawberries have a taste that varies by cultivar, and ranges from quite sweet to rather tart. Strawberries are an important commercial fruit crop, widely grown in all temperate regions of the world.

<i>Prunus</i> Genus of trees and shrubs

Prunus is a genus of trees and shrubs, which includes the fruits plums, cherries, peaches, nectarines, apricots, and almonds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Accessory fruit</span> Botanical category of fruit

An accessory fruit is a fruit that contains tissue derived from plant parts other than the ovary. In other words, the flesh of the fruit develops not from the floral ovary, but from some adjacent tissue exterior to the carpel. As a general rule, the accessory fruit is a combination of several floral organs, including the ovary. In contrast, true fruit forms exclusively from the ovary of the flower.

<i>Potentilla</i> Genus of flowering plants in the rose family Rosaceae

Potentilla is a genus containing over 300 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae.

<i>Potentilla erecta</i> Species of flowering plant in the rose family Rosaceae

Potentilla erecta is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the rose family (Rosaceae).

<i>Argentina</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Argentina (silverweeds) is a genus of plants in the rose family (Rosaceae) which is accepted by some authors, as containing 64 species, but classified in Potentilla sect. Leptostylae by others.

<i>Potentilla sterilis</i> Species of flowering plant in the rose family Rosaceae

Potentilla sterilis, also called strawberryleaf cinquefoil or barren strawberry, is a perennial herbaceous species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is native to Europe.

<i>Fragaria</i> × <i>Comarum</i> hybrids Hybrid strawberry

There are several commercially important hybrids between Fragaria and Comarum species in existence. A name for Fragaria × Comarum is available as × Comagaria Büscher & G.H. Loos in Veroff. [Bohumer Bot. Ver. 2(1): 6. 2010], along with the combination × Comagaria rosea (Mabb.) Büscher & G.H. Loos.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Berry (botany)</span> Botanical fruit with fleshy pericarp, containing one or many seeds

In botany, a berry is a fleshy fruit without a stone (pit) produced from a single flower containing one ovary. Berries so defined include grapes, currants, and tomatoes, as well as cucumbers, eggplants (aubergines) and bananas, but exclude certain fruits that meet the culinary definition of berries, such as strawberries and raspberries. The berry is the most common type of fleshy fruit in which the entire outer layer of the ovary wall ripens into a potentially edible "pericarp". Berries may be formed from one or more carpels from the same flower. The seeds are usually embedded in the fleshy interior of the ovary, but there are some non-fleshy exceptions, such Capsicum species, with air rather than pulp around their seeds.

<i>Blitum capitatum</i> Species of flowering plant

Strawberry blite is an edible annual plant, also known as blite goosefoot, strawberry goosefoot, strawberry spinach, Indian paint, and Indian ink.

<i>Sibbaldiopsis</i>

Sibbaldiopsis is a genus in the plant family Rosaceae. This genus only contains a single species: Sibbaldiopsis tridentata, formerly Potentilla tridentata. Commonly, its names include three-toothed cinquefoil, shrubby fivefingers, and wineleaf. Systemic phylogenetic work has placed S. tridentata within Sibbaldia as Sibbaldia retusa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fruit anatomy</span> Internal makeup of fruits

Fruit anatomy is the plant anatomy of the internal structure of fruit. Fruits are the mature ovary or ovaries of one or more flowers. They are found in three main anatomical categories: aggregate fruits, multiple fruits, and simple fruits.

<i>Prunus tenella</i> Species of shrub

Prunus tenella, the dwarf Russian almond, is a species of deciduous shrub in the genus Prunus, native to steppes of Eastern Europe and Western Siberia, as well as dry open sites of Caucasus, Western and Central Asia.

<i>Mangifera indica</i> Species of flowering plant in the cashew family Anacardiaceae

Mangifera indica, commonly known as mango, is a species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is a large fruit tree, capable of growing to a height of 30 metres. There are two distinct genetic populations in modern mangoes – the "Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type".

<i>Drymocallis glandulosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Drymocallis glandulosa, known by the common name sticky cinquefoil and formerly as Potentilla glandulosa, is a plant species in the family Rosaceae.

<i>Potentilla simplex</i> Species of flowering plant

Potentilla simplex, also known as common cinquefoil or old-field five-fingers or oldfield cinquefoil, is a perennial herb in the Rosaceae (rose) family native to eastern North America from Ontario, Quebec, and Labrador south to Texas, Alabama, and panhandle Florida.

<i>Potentilla micrantha</i> Species of flowering plant

Potentilla micrantha, common name pink barren strawberry, is a species of cinquefoil belonging to the family Rosaceae.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Potentilla indica (Andrews) Th.Wolf". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  2. 1 2 Missouri department of Conservation. "Indian Strawberry (Mock Strawberry)" . Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  3. 1 2 "Potentilla indica". Go Botany. New England Wildflower Society. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  4. O’Brien, Meghan (December 2006). "Indian Strawberry". Bellarmine University. Retrieved 2017-06-13.
  5. 1 2 3 "Potentilla indica". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  6. "Invasive species in Belgium: Duchesnea indica" . Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  7. Brouillet L, Desmet P, Coursol F, Meades SJ, Favreau M, Anions M, Bélisle P, Gendreau C, Shorthouse D, et al. (2010). "Potentilla indica". data.canadensys.net. Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN). Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  8. Weakley, Alan S. (2018), Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States, working draft of 20 August 2018, University of North Carolina Herbarium, North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
  9. Reznicek, A. A.; Voss, E. G.; Walters, B. S., eds. (February 2011). "Potentillaindica". Michigan Flora Online. University of Michigan Herbarium. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  10. "Taxonomy - GRIN-Global Web v 1.10.6.2". npgsweb.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  11. Mabberley, D. J. (2002). "Potentilla and Fragaria (Rosaceae) reunited". Telopea . 9 (4): 793–801. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.573.2948 . doi:10.7751/TELOPEA20024018. wikidata:Q55801498.
  12. Torsten Eriksson; Malin S. Hibbs; Anne D. Yoder; Charles F. Delwiche & Michael J. Donoghue (2003). "The Phylogeny of Rosoideae (Rosaceae) Based on Sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA and the trnL/F Region of Chloroplast DNA". Int. J. Plant Sci. 164 (2): 197–211. doi:10.1086/346163. S2CID   22378156.
  13. "World Flora Online: Duchesnea Sm". World Flora Online Consortium. 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  14. Ertter, Barbara (2012). "Duchesnea indica var. indica". ucjeps.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
  15. University of Missouri: Division of Plant Sciences
  16. The Complete Guide to Edible Wild Plants. United States Department of the Army. New York: Skyhorse Publishing. 2009. p. 52. ISBN   978-1-60239-692-0. OCLC   277203364.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  17. "Are the mock strawberries toxic?". FDA Poisonous Plant Database. 1986. Archived from the original on 2021-05-22. Retrieved 2022-06-16.