Potentilla indica | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Rosales |
Family: | Rosaceae |
Genus: | Potentilla |
Species: | P. indica |
Binomial name | |
Potentilla indica | |
Synonyms [1] | |
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Potentilla indica, known commonly as mock strawberry, Indian-strawberry, or snakeberry in North America, [2] is a flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. [1] It has ternate foliage and an aggregate accessory fruit, similar to the true strawberries of the Fragaria genus. [3] Unlike the white or slightly pink flowers of true strawberries, Potentilla indica has yellow flowers, as do many other Potentilla species. It is native to eastern and southern Asia, but has naturalized in many regions worldwide. [1]
Many sources consider this plant part of the genus Potentilla [1] [2] due to evidence from chloroplast genetic sequence data that the genus Duchesnea is included within Potentilla, [4] though some still list it as Duchesnea indica. [3] [5] [6]
The herbaceous plant spreads along creeping stolons, rooting and producing plantlets at each node. [3] The leaves are trifoliate, dark green, and somewhat thick. [6] The flowers are produced singly on axillary peduncles. The yellow petals of Potentilla indica have a nectar guide near the center of each petal that absorbs UV light more strongly than the rest of the petal and is visible only in the UV spectrum. [7] The most common variety, Potentilla indica var. indica, has fruiting receptacles and achenes that are red and glossy. [8] [9] The rare variety D. indica f. albocaput Naruh., with white receptacles and cream achenes, has been reported only in Argentina and Japan. [10]
Mock strawberry is considered invasive in some regions of the United States and Canada, where it may disrupt local ecosystems [11] [12] [13] [14] . Studies have shown that it can negatively impact the abundance of springtails and ants, affecting soil biodiversity. [15]
The fresh berries are edible but considered less palatable than proper strawberries. [16] [17] A survey conducted in Assam, India from 2018-2020 documented the use of Potentilla indica by traditional healers to treat asthma. [18] In traditional Chinese medicine, it is used for clearing heat, cooling blood, detumescence, and detoxication. [19]
Rosaceae, the rose family, is a family of flowering plants that includes 4,828 known species in 91 genera.
The rose subfamily Rosoideae consists of more than 850 species, including many shrubs, perennial herbs, and fruit plants such as strawberries and brambles. Only a few are annual herbs.
Fragaria is a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, commonly known as strawberries for their edible fruits. There are more than 20 described species and many hybrids and cultivars. The most common strawberries grown commercially are cultivars of the garden strawberry, a hybrid known as Fragaria × ananassa. Strawberries have a taste that varies by cultivar, and ranges from quite sweet to rather tart. Strawberries are an important commercial fruit crop, widely grown in all temperate regions of the world.
An accessory fruit is a fruit that contains tissue derived from plant parts other than the ovary. In other words, the flesh of the fruit develops not from the floral ovary, but from some adjacent tissue exterior to the carpel. As a general rule, the accessory fruit is a combination of several floral organs, including the ovary. In contrast, true fruit forms exclusively from the ovary of the flower.
Potentilla is a genus containing over 500 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae.
An achene, also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp, is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate and indehiscent. Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it. In many species, what is called the "seed" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the fruit wall (pericarp), which encloses the solitary seed so closely as to seem like a seed coat.
Argentina anserina is a perennial flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is known by the common names silverweed, common silverweed or silver cinquefoil. It is native throughout the temperate Northern Hemisphere, often on river shores and in grassy habitats such as meadows and road-sides.
Argentina egedei, known as Eged's silverweed, is a flowering perennial plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is also sometimes called "Pacific silverweed", though this usually refers to A. pacifica.
The garden strawberry is a widely grown hybrid species of the genus Fragaria in the rose family, Rosaceae, collectively known as the strawberries, which are cultivated worldwide for their fruit. This is appreciated for its aroma, bright red colour, juicy texture, and sweetness. It is eaten either fresh or in prepared foods such as jam, juice, pies, ice cream, milkshakes, and chocolates. Artificial strawberry flavourings and aromas are widely used in commercial products. Botanically, the strawberry is not a berry but an aggregate accessory fruit; each apparent 'seed' on the outside of the strawberry is actually an achene, a botanical fruit with a seed inside it.
Potentilla sterilis, also called strawberryleaf cinquefoil or barren strawberry, is a perennial herbaceous species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is native to Europe.
Purshia is a small genus of 5–8 species of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae which are native to western North America.
In botany, a berry is a fleshy fruit without a stone (pit) produced from a single flower containing one ovary. Berries so defined include grapes, currants, and tomatoes, as well as cucumbers, eggplants (aubergines), persimmons and bananas, but exclude certain fruits that meet the culinary definition of berries, such as strawberries and raspberries. The berry is the most common type of fleshy fruit in which the entire outer layer of the ovary wall ripens into a potentially edible "pericarp". Berries may be formed from one or more carpels from the same flower. The seeds are usually embedded in the fleshy interior of the ovary, but there are some non-fleshy exceptions, such as Capsicum species, with air rather than pulp around their seeds.
Sibbaldia tridentata is a species in the plant family Rosaceae. Its synonyms include the illegitimate name Sibbaldia retusa and Sibbaldiopsis tridentata. Under the latter name, it has been treated as the only species in the genus Sibbaldiopsis. Its English names include three-toothed cinquefoil, shrubby fivefingers, and wineleaf.
Potentilla santolinoides, also known as silver mousetail, stellariopsis, Sierra mousetail and mousetail ivesia, is a species of flowering plant in the rose family. It is endemic to California where it grows in several mountain ranges, including the Sierra Nevada and Transverse Ranges.
Potentilla yadonii, commonly known as Santa Lucia horkelia, is a rare species of flowering plant in the rose family. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the Central Coast Ranges from Monterey to Santa Barbara Counties. It occupies chaparral and woodland habitat, often in meadows and dry riverbeds. Easily confused with related species, this plant was not recognized as a species of its own until 1993.
Potentilla villosa is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. Its common names include villous cinquefoil, northern cinquefoil, and hairy cinquefoil. It is native to northwestern North America, where its distribution extends from Alaska to Alberta to Oregon. There are records from eastern Asia.
Sibbaldianthe bifurca is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae which can be found in the steppes, grasslands and various slopes of Russia, Korea, and Mongolia at an elevation of 400–4,000 metres (1,300–13,100 ft). It is also found on sandy coasts of North and Northeast China. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 in his book Species Plantarum as Potentilla bifurca.
Potentilla micrantha, common name pink barren strawberry, is a species of cinquefoil belonging to the family Rosaceae.
Potentilla breweri is a species of Potentilla known by the common name Brewer's cinquefoil.
Potentilla versicolor is a species of Potentilla known by the common name Steens Mountain cinquefoil or varying cinquefoil.
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