Rhinanthus

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Rhinanthus
Yellow-rattle close 700.jpg
Rhinanthus minor
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Orobanchaceae
Tribe: Rhinantheae
Genus: Rhinanthus
L.
Species

See text

Rhinanthus is a genus of annual hemiparasitic herbaceous plants in the family Orobanchaceae, formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae. Its species are commonly known as rattles. The genus consists of about 30 to 40 species found in Europe, northern Asia, and North America, with the greatest species diversity (28 species) in Europe.

Contents

Phylogeny

The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. [1] [2] Rhinanthus is the sister genus to Lathraea , and then to Rhynchocorys . These three genera share phylogenetic affinities with members of the core Rhinantheae: Bartsia , Euphrasia , Tozzia , Hedbergia , Bellardia , and Odontites . Melampyrum appears as a more distant relative.

Genus-level cladogram of tribe Rhinantheae.
   Rhinantheae   
         

  Melampyrum  

         

  Rhynchocorys  

         

  Lathraea

  Rhinanthus

  Core Rhinantheae  
         

  Bartsia sensu stricto ( Bartsia alpina )

         

  Euphrasia

         

  Hedbergia
  (including Bartsia decurva + B. longiflora )

  Tozzia

  Odontites sensu lato
  (including Bartsiella
  and Bornmuellerantha )

         

  Bellardia

         

  Neobartsia
(New World Bartsia)

  Parentucellia

The cladogram has been reconstructed from nuclear and plastid DNA molecular characters (ITS, rps16 intron and trnK region). [1] [2]

Systematics

According to Plants of the World Online there are 35 accepted species: [3]

References

  1. 1 2 Těšitel, Jakub; Říha, Pavel; Svobodová, Šárka; Malinová, Tamara; Štech, Milan (2010-10-28). "Phylogeny, Life History Evolution and Biogeography of the Rhinanthoid Orobanchaceae". Folia Geobotanica. 45 (4): 347–367. Bibcode:2010FolGe..45..347T. doi:10.1007/s12224-010-9089-y. ISSN   1211-9520. S2CID   39873516.
  2. 1 2 Scheunert, Agnes; Fleischmann, Andreas; Olano-Marín, Catalina; Bräuchler, Christian; Heubl, Günther (2012-12-14). "Phylogeny of tribe Rhinantheae (Orobanchaceae) with a focus on biogeography, cytology and re-examination of generic concepts". Taxon. 61 (6): 1269–1285. doi:10.1002/tax.616008.
  3. ↑ "Rhinanthus L." Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 12 December 2025.
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