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The 2D2 9100 was a class of electric locomotives operated by the SNCF in France, introduced in 1950. They were a development of the pre-war 2D2 5500, built during the post-war push for increased electrification. [1]
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The 2D2 9100 was a class of electric locomotives operated by the SNCF in France, introduced in 1950. They were a development of the pre-war 2D2 5500, built during the post-war push for increased electrification. [1]
The class was an updated development of the pre-war 2D2 5500 built for the PO-Midi. Mechanically similar, they incorporated a number of improvements to the electrical system to give smoother control. The 9100 represented the ultimate of the rigid-framed electric locomotive; later designs would be bogie designs. [2] [3]
The design had originated on the Paris-Orléans with the two E 501–2 class locomotives of 1925. These had four traction motors, one per axle, driving through Buchli drives and following Swiss practice. They were considered to be more reliable in service than other PO electric locos, such as the 2BB2 400. [1] [4] The original Swiss drive used a single Buchli gear on one side to drive each axle, the French locomotives used a double-sided drive with the Buchli gear duplicated for each end of the axle, which was considered to reduce wear. [lower-roman 1] [1]
The locomotives operated from a 1,500 V DC catenary with two pantographs, powering four 990 kW (1,330 hp) traction motors. Like most other 1,500 V DC locomotives, they used four motors, with speed control by series-parallel switching and fine control by field-weakening resistances. Improvements to the design of the motors, particularly the compensating windings, allowed finer steps of resistance to be used, so that the jerk when switching steps was only a fifth of what it had been previously. [1] This also improved their high-speed performance, giving a top speed of 140 km/h (87 mph). [1]
Like other French locomotives of this era, they were not equipped with a driver's seat at first, merely a simple saddle. This was replaced by a standing seat when the VACMA 'dead man's pedal' was introduced in 1963, then by a jump seat in 1973. [5]
Post-war, the Paris-Lyon line was electrified and more fast express passenger locomotives were required. 35 of this class were built from 1950, from an anticipated demand for around 100. The first was delivered by 2 March 1950 and the last on 31 July 1951. [6]
The initial production was cut short in favour of a Co-Co bogie design, the CC 7100. [2] These were introduced from 1952 and, thirty years later, would go on to replace the 2D2 9100. Like the original 2′Do2′ design, this was inspired by Swiss achievements in high-speed chassis design, in this case with the Re 4/4I and then the Ae 4/4 , which established bogie locomotives as being capable of running at express speeds. [2]
In their final years, they were based at Lyon-Mouche and used for freight services.
Withdrawals began in 1982 and they were all withdrawn by 1987.
A single example, 2D2 9135, the last of the class, has been preserved. It is listed as a monument historique [7] by the AFCL association [8] and has been at the Laroche - Migennes depot since 2014.
A second locomotive, 2D2 9134, was preserved at Saint-Étienne, but was scrapped in 2008.
On a steam locomotive, a driving wheel is a powered wheel which is driven by the locomotive's pistons. On a conventional, non-articulated locomotive, the driving wheels are all coupled together with side rods ; normally one pair is directly driven by the main rod which is connected to the end of the piston rod; power is transmitted to the others through the side rods.
The SNCF BB 26000 locomotives are a class of dual voltage, four axle B'B' electric locomotives capable of a top speed of 200 km/h built by GEC Alsthom between 1988 and 1998 for SNCF. The locomotives are also commonly known as the Sybics.
B-B and Bo-Bo are the Association of American Railroads (AAR) and British classifications of wheel arrangement for railway locomotives with four axles in two individual bogies. They are equivalent to the B′B′ and Bo′Bo′ classifications in the UIC system. The arrangement of two, two-axled, bogies is a common wheel arrangement for modern electric and diesel locomotives.
A jackshaft is an intermediate shaft used to transfer power from a powered shaft such as the output shaft of an engine or motor to driven shafts such as the drive axles of a locomotive. As applied to railroad locomotives in the 19th and 20th centuries, jackshafts were typically in line with the drive axles of locomotives and connected to them by side rods. In general, each drive axle on a locomotive is free to move about one inch (2.5 cm) vertically relative to the frame, with the locomotive weight carried on springs. This means that if the engine, motor or transmission is rigidly attached to the locomotive frame, it cannot be rigidly connected to the axle. This problem can be solved by mounting the jackshaft on unsprung bearings and using side-rods or chain drives.
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The Buchli drive is a transmission system used in electric locomotives. It was named after its inventor, Swiss engineer Jakob Buchli. The drive is a fully spring-loaded drive, in which each floating axle has an individual motor, that is placed in the spring mounted locomotive frame. The weight of the driving motors is completely disconnected from the driving wheels, which are exposed to movement of the rails.
The SNCF Class BB 36000 locomotives are a class of triple voltage 4 axle twin bogie electric locomotives built by GEC-Alsthom between 1996 and 2001 for SNCF.
SNCF's CC 7100 class are part of a series of electric locomotives built by Alsthom. The prototype 'CC 7000' were built in 1949 and the production series locomotives CC 7101-CC 7158 followed during 1952–1955. Two of the class are notable for setting world rail speed records: CC 7121 reaching 243 kilometres per hour (151 mph) on 21 February 1954, and CC 7107 reaching 331 kilometres per hour (206 mph) on 28/29 March 1955.
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A monomotor bogie is a form of traction bogie used for an electric locomotive or diesel-electric locomotive. It is distinguished by having a single traction motor on each bogie.
The SNCF CC 40100 was a French class of quad-voltage 4,340 kW (5,820 hp) electric locomotives. They were intended for high-performance passenger services on the Trans Europ Express (TEE) routes of the 1960s and 1970s. This non-stop international working required them to support the electrical standards of several networks. They are significant for combining three innovations in locomotive design: quad-voltage working, three-axle monomotor bogies and the new 'Nez Cassé' body style of French locomotives.
The BB 13000 class were electric locomotives operated by SNCF in France. They were one of four classes, together with the BB 12000, CC 14000 and CC 14100 classes, that formed an experimental group for studying the practicality of the new French 25 kV 50 Hz AC electrification.
The Swiss locomotive class Ae 4/6 was a class of electric locomotives. They were intended as a powerful locomotive for the steep gradients of the Gotthard Railway, but smaller than the huge 'double locomotives' which had previously been tested there. They were built from 1941, during World War II, and although Switzerland remained neutral through this, material shortages led to some quality problems with these locomotives.
Midi E 3301 was a prototype electric locomotive of Class E 3300 designed for the Chemins de fer du Midi, France. Because of poor performance, it was refused by the Compagnie du Midi and was re-deployed to Swiss railways. On 1 May 1919, it was classified Fb 2/5 11001 and, in 1920, it became experimental locomotive Be 2/5 11001 of the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB).
Rigid-framed electric locomotives were some of the first generations of electric locomotive design. When these began the traction motors of these early locomotives, particularly with AC motors, were too large and heavy to be mounted directly to the axles and so were carried on the frame. One of the initial simplest wheel arrangements for a mainline electric locomotive, from around 1900, was the 1′C1′ arrangement, in UIC classification.
The 2D2 5500 were electric locomotives operated by the Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans, then SNCF in France, in operation from 1933 to 1980.
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The SNCF Class BB 900 was a class of 35 mixed-traffic electric locomotives built between 1936 and 1937 for État. The class was a development of the pre-war Midi Class E4700 and very similar to the later Class BB 300 and Class BB 325. Initial use was on the Paris–Le Mans line. The class was withdrawn in 1987 after 50 years in service.
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