Saint Lucia amazon

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Saint Lucia amazon
Amazona versicolor -St Lucia-5a.jpg
On St Lucia
CITES Appendix I (CITES) [2]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Psittacidae
Genus: Amazona
Species:
A. versicolor
Binomial name
Amazona versicolor
(Müller, 1776) [3]
Range-St-Lucia-Parrot.png
Synonyms

The Saint Lucia amazon (Amazona versicolor), also known as the St. Lucia amazon and St. Lucia parrot, is a Vulnerable species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to Saint Lucia in the Lesser Antilles and is the country's national bird. [4] [1] [5]

Contents

Taxonomy and systematics

The Saint Lucia amazon is monotypic. [4] It is closely related to the red-necked amazon (A. arausiaca) of Dominica. [6]

Description

The Saint Lucia amazon is 42 to 46 cm (17 to 18 in) long and weighs 505 to 1,000 g (18 to 35 oz). The sexes are alike.[ how? ] Their forehead is royal blue that is lighter on the crown and the rest of the face. Their hindcrown, nape, sides of the neck, and mantle are scaly green. The rest of their upperparts are plain green. Their upper breast is red, their lower breast and belly mottled green and maroon, and their vent area greenish yellow. Their wings are green with a red speculum and dark blue primaries. Their tail feathers are green with wide yellowish tips. [6]

Distribution and habitat

The Saint Lucia amazon is found in the mountains of St. Lucia's interior. It inhabits tropical moist montane forest at elevations between 500 and 900 m (1,600 and 3,000 ft). [6] [1]

Behavior

Movement

The Saint Lucia amazon has no known pattern of movement. [6]

Feeding

The Saint Lucia amazon feeds on seeds and fruit of a variety of palms and other plants. [6]

Breeding

The Saint Lucia amazon's breeding season includes at least February and March and may continue beyond that. It nests in a tree cavity. The clutch size is two eggs. In captivity the incubation period is 28 days and fledging occurs about 81 days after hatch. [6]

In captivity

Between 1975 and 2021, the Jersey Zoo maintained a breeding colony of Saint Lucia amazons. In 1982, they achieved the first captive breeding success of this species. [7] The offspring of this breeding were returned to the wild. On 2 May 2021, the Jersey Zoo announced that their last amazon died, ending their tenure with this species. It is maintained in a few other collections in Europe. [8]

Status

The IUCN originally assessed the Saint Lucia amazon in 1988 as Threatened and since 1994 as Vulnerable. Its estimated population of 1150 to 1500 mature individuals is believed to be increasing. [1] The population was thought to total about 1000 in 1950 but declined to about 150 by the late 1970s as a result of habitat loss, hunting for food, the pet trade, and hurricanes. The species' plight at that time prompted conservation measures with "strong national and popular support"; the population had increased to about 300 by 1990 and has continued to increase. [6] [9]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lilac-crowned amazon</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yellow-billed amazon</span> Species of bird

The yellow-billed amazon, also called the yellow-billed parrot or Jamaican amazon, is a species of parrot in the family Psittacidae. It is a predominantly green parrot with a short tail and pink throat and neck. It is endemic to Jamaica, where its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, plantations, and rural gardens. It is threatened by habitat loss and illegal trapping of wild birds for the pet trade.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vinaceous-breasted amazon</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yucatan amazon</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">White-breasted parakeet</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crimson-bellied parakeet</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lilacine amazon</span> Subspecies of bird

The lilacine amazon or Ecuadorian red-lored amazon is an amazon parrot native to Ecuador in South America. According to the IOC World Bird List, it is still considered to be a subspecies of the red-lored amazon, although Birdlife International considers it to be a separate species, as Amazona lilacina - as does the International Union for Conservation of Nature for the purposes of the IUCN Red List, rating the lilacine amazon as critically endangered.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diademed amazon</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tres Marías amazon</span> Species of bird

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 BirdLife International (2020). "Saint Lucia Amazon Amazona versicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T22686387A179319598. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22686387A179319598.en . Retrieved 2 March 2023.
  2. "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
  3. protonym: Psittacus versicolor Müller, PLS, 1776. Linné vollst. Natursyst. Suppl. Reg. Bd. BHL
  4. 1 2 Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (January 2023). "Parrots, cockatoos". IOC World Bird List. v 13.1. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
  5. "National Bird". silver.org. 2003. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Collar, Nigel; Boesman, Peter F. D. (2020). "St. Lucia Parrot (Amazona versicolor), version 1.0". Birds of the World. doi:10.2173/bow.stlpar1.01species_shared.bow.project_name (inactive 1 November 2024). ISSN   2771-3105.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
  7. UK first breeding register - http://www.avisoc.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/UK-First-Breeding-Register.pdf
  8. "ZootierlisteHomepage". www.zootierliste.de. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
  9. Edward Whitley, Gerald Durrell's Army, John Murray Publishers Ltd, 1992.