Scythris | |
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Imago of Scythris heinemanni at Cerreto Ratti in Borghetto di Borbera, Italy | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Lepidoptera |
Family: | Scythrididae |
Genus: | Scythris Hübner, [1825] |
Type species | |
Tinea chenopodiella Hübner, [1813] | |
Species | |
Numerous, see text | |
Synonyms [1] | |
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Scythris is a genus of gelechioid moths. It is the type genus of the flower moth family, which is sometimes included as a subfamily in the Xyloryctidae, or together with these merged into the Oecophoridae. [2] The genus was erected by Jacob Hübner in 1825.
It is the largest [ verification needed ] genus of flower moths, and as such might not be fully monophyletic with regard to some very small or monotypic genera placed in the same family. In addition, new species of Scythris continue to be discovered and described. [3]
The species of Scythris have been divided among several groups, which may or may not be monophyletic; those that are may – provided they are closely enough related to the type species S. limbella – be considered subgenera. There is a considerable number of species whose exact relationships are hitherto elusive. Some have been placed in a "monospecific species group" of their own, as they are too distinct from the other groups to be included there, yet at the same time have characteristic autapomorphies. Species groups include: [4] [3]
aenea group
aerariella group
alseriella group
Australian group
bagdadiella group
bazaensis group
boseanella group
camelella group
canescens group
caramani group
cicadella group
cistorum group
crassiuscula group
crypta group
decrepidella group
dissitella group
elenae group
empetrella group
fallacella group
| formicella group
fuscoaenea group
fuscopterella group
gobiensis group
grandipennis group
gravatella group
iagella group
inclusella group
inertella group
inspersella group
insulella ("ericivorella") group
karinae group
karsholti group
klimeschi group
knochella group
laminella group
limbella group– possibly subgenus Scythris
lobella group
mariannae group
martini group
meanderis group
monochreella group
mus group
nigrella group
nipholecta group
noricella group
obscurella group– possibly subgenus Galanthia
palustris group
| pascuella group
passerini group
penicillata group
petrella group
picaepennis group
pinker group
platypyga group
podoliensis group
polycarpaeae group
productella group
pulicella group
punctivittella group
rubioi group
schleichiella group
scopolella group
seliniella group
siccella group
sinensis group
subfasciata group
tributella group
unquisella group
? species group
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Finally, there are many species which are neither clearly assignable to any one species group, nor autapomorphic enough to be included in a monospecific "group". These include: [3]
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The Coleophoridae are a family of small moths, belonging to the huge superfamily Gelechioidea. Collectively known as case-bearers, casebearing moths or case moths, this family is represented on all continents, but the majority are found in temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. They are most common in the Palearctic, and rare in sub-Saharan Africa, South America, and Australia; consequently, they probably originated in northern Eurasia. They are relatively common in houses, they seek out moist areas to rest and procreate.
Melitaea is a genus of brush-footed butterflies. They are here placed in the tribe Melitaeini of subfamily Nymphalinae; some authors elevate this tribe to subfamily rank.
Scythrididae is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The family is sometimes included in the Xyloryctidae as a subfamily Scythridinae, but the Xyloryctidae themselves have sometimes been included in the Oecophoridae as subfamily. Scythrididae adults are smallish to mid-sized moths, which when at rest appear teardrop-shaped.
Acompsia is a genus of the twirler moth family (Gelechiidae). Though it has once been assigned to the proposed subfamily "Anacampsinae", it is generally placed in the Dichomeridinae. Some authors include Telephila here as a subgenus, while others prefer to keep it distinct as its relationships are fairly obscure.
Blastobasis is the type genus of the gelechioid moth family Blastobasidae; in some arrangements these are placed in the case-bearer family (Coleophoridae) as a subfamily. Within the Blastobasidae, the subfamily Blastobasinae has been established to distinguish the Blastobasis lineage from the group around Holcocera, but the delimitation is not yet well-resolved.
Scythropia crataegella, the hawthorn moth, is a species of moth in the family Plutellidae from western Eurasia. It is usually placed in a small subfamily Scythropiinae, which is sometimes included in the Yponomeutinae of the Yponomeutidae.
The brown-dotted clothes moth is a species of tineoid moth. It belongs to the fungus moth family (Tineidae), and therein to the nominate subfamily Tineinae. It is the type species of its genus Niditinea.
Orthonama is a genus of the geometer moth family (Geometridae). It belongs to the tribe Xanthorhoini of the "carpet" subfamily (Larentiinae). Nycterosea is usually included here by modern authors, but may in fact be distinct enough to warrant recognition as an independent genus. The genus was erected by Jacob Hübner in 1825.
Nemapogon is a genus of the fungus moth family, Tineidae. Therein, it belongs to the subfamily Nemapogoninae. As evident by its name, it is the type genus of its subfamily.
Nemaxera is a genus of the fungus moth family, Tineidae. Therein, it belongs to the subfamily Nemapogoninae. The genus is considered monotypic, with the single species Nemaxera betulinella placed here.
Monopis is a genus of the fungus moth family, Tineidae. Therein, it belongs to the nominate subfamily, Tineinae.
Esperia is a genus of the concealer moth family (Oecophoridae). Among these, it belongs to subfamily Oecophorinae. Most authors include Dasycera here, though approaches that generally follow a "splitting" approach sometimes do not.
Schiffermuelleria is a genus of gelechioid moths. It is placed in the subfamily Oecophorinae of family Oecophoridae. The genus is treated as monotypic, with the single species Schiffermuelleria schaefferella placed here. As such, its distinctness from the closely related genus Borkhausenia – where S. schaefferella was often placed in the past – is open to debate.
Diplodoma is a small genus of the bagworm moth family, Psychidae. Therein, it belongs to the Taleporiinae. Some authors consider Diplodoma a junior synonym of Narycia, but this is not widely accepted.
Scardia is a genus of the fungus moth family (Tineidae). Therein, it belongs to the subfamily Scardiinae, of which it is the type genus. Several of the species placed here in earlier times have been moved to other genera of the subfamily, e.g. Amorophaga, Montescardia, and Morophaga.
Tinea is a genus of the fungus moth family, Tineidae. Therein, it belongs to the subfamily Tineinae. As evident by its name, it is the type genus of its subfamily and family. Established as one of the first subgroups of "Phalaena", it used to contain many species of Tineidae that are nowadays placed in other genera, as well as a few moths nowadays placed elsewhere.
Elachista is a genus of gelechioid moths described by Georg Friedrich Treitschke in 1833. It is the type genus of the grass-miner moth family (Elachistidae). This family is sometimes circumscribed very loosely, including for example the Agonoxenidae and Ethmiidae which seem to be quite distinct among the Gelechioidea, as well as other lineages which are widely held to be closer to Oecophora than to Elachista and are thus placed in the concealer moth family Oecophoridae here.
Bactrianoscythris is a genus of gelechioid moths, which is mostly placed in the flower moth family, which is sometimes included as a subfamily in the Xyloryctidae, or together with these merged into the Oecophoridae.
Mapsidius is a genus of gelechioid moths, which is mostly placed in the flower moth family, which is sometimes included as a subfamily in the Xyloryctidae, or together with these merged into the Oecophoridae. The genus is known only from the Hawaiian Islands.
Levipalpus is a moth genus of the superfamily Gelechioidea. It is placed in the family Depressariidae, which is often – particularly in older treatments – considered a subfamily of the Oecophoridae or included in the Elachistidae.