Senecio flaccidus

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Threadleaf ragwort
Senecio flaccidus 2.jpg
Threadleaf ragwort
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Senecio
Species:
S. flaccidus
Binomial name
Senecio flaccidus
Range map-Senecio flaccidus-North America.svg
Range of S. flaccidus
Synonyms

Senecio longilobusBenth
Senecio filifolius(L.) Hook. [1]
Senecio douglasiiDC.
Senecio monoensisGreene [2]

Contents

Senecio flaccidus, formerly recorded as Senecio douglasii (in honor of the botanist David Douglas), member of the daisy family and genus Senecio also known as threadleaf ragwort [3] (and threadleaf groundsel, bush senecio, creek senecio, shrubby butterweed, comb butterweed, smooth threadleaf ragwort, Mono ragwort, Douglas ragwort, Douglas groundsel, sand wash groundsel, felty groundsel, old man, yerba cana, squawweed or cenicillo), is a native of the southwestern Great Plains of North America. [4] [5] [6] [7]

Description

Threadleaf ragwort is a fast-growing, short-lived (3 to 6 years) bushy perennial shrub growing to 4 feet 6 inches (1.37 m); common in gravelly washes, dry creek beds, along roads and trails and mostly away from the coast. [5]

Leaves and Stems
Branched and bushy, Senecio flaccidus gets its common name from its white, threadlike, bent and matted, tomentose leaves; alternate and deeply pinnate, divided into five to nine narrow linear segments, glabrous, having no hairs or projections, gray-green above, 1 to 4 inches (2.5 to 10.2 cm) long. The principal leaves often have auxiliary clusters of smaller leaves. [5] The stems are grooved and the branches are thin, herbaceous above and woody near the base. [4] [5]
Flowers
Showy flowering heads of yellow ray flowers, 3–4 inches (7.6–10.2 cm) across; eight to thirteen sterile rays, purplish brown disk florets that produce the seeds. [5] [6]
Seeds
Dicotyledon fruits; each a 18 inch (3.2 mm) long achene ribbed and hoary, covered with short white hairs. [4] [5] [6]

Toxicity

Colonizing disturbed areas including over-grazed lands, Senecio flaccidus helps to achieve a quick ground cover and helps to stabilize the soil for longer-lived perennials but in this situation makes poor foraging for cattle and horses due to the alkaloids contained in the plant which cause liver disease when consumed in large quantities. [7]

Also known as Senecio longilobus, one of the alkaloids found in this species is longilobine, [8] as well as senecionine, seneciphylline, florosenine, otonecine-based florosenine, and retrorsine. [7]

Distribution

Like many SenecioSenecio flaccidus likes disturbed habitats, this one preferring overgrazed rangelands, dried up stream beds and desert grasslands; [7] at altitudes above 1,800 feet (550 m) and below 6,500 feet (2,000 m). [6]

Native range of S. flaccidus. Range map-Senecio flaccidus-Native.svg
Native range of S. flaccidus.

Native [1] [2]

America
North-Central: Kansas, Oklahoma
Northwestern: Colorado
South-Central: New Mexico, Texas
Southwestern: Arizona, Utah
Northern Mexico: Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Zacatecas
Central Mexico: Aguascalientes, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco (n.e.), Veracruz

Current [1] [2] [7]

America
North-Central: Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming
Northwestern: Colorado
South-Central: New Mexico, Texas
Southwestern: Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah
Northern Mexico: Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Zacatecas, Baja California
Central Mexico: Aguascalientes, Baja Norte, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco (n.e.), Veracruz

Subspecies which are synonyms

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Senecio</i> Genus of flowering plants in the daisy family Asteraceae

Senecio is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) that includes ragworts and groundsels.

<i>Senecio vulgaris</i> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Senecio vulgaris, often known by the common names groundsel and old-man-in-the-spring, is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is an annual herb, native to the Palaearctic and widely naturalised as a ruderal species in suitable disturbed habitats worldwide.

<i>Packera</i> Genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae

Packera is a genus of about 75 species of plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae. Most species are commonly called ragworts or grounsels. Its members were previously included in the genus Senecio, but were moved to a different genus based on chromosome numbers, a variety of morphological characters, and molecular phylogenetic evidence.

<i>Packera aurea</i> Species of flowering plant

Packera aurea, commonly known as golden ragwort or simply ragwort, is a perennial flower in the family Asteraceae.

<i>Senecio ampullaceus</i> Species of plant

Senecio ampullaceus, also known as Texas ragwort, Texas squaw-weed, Texas groundsel, and Texas butterweed, is a species of Senecio in the family Asteraceae, receiving its Latin name ampullaceus from its flask shaped flower-head. It is recommended for landscape use in its native Texas.

<i>Packera glabella</i> Species of plant in the family Asteraceae native to the United States

Packera glabella is one of several plants with the common name butterweed, this one has also been called cressleaf groundsel and yellowtop. It is native to central and southeastern North America but spreads so aggressively, overtaking other native plants, that it is considered invasive. Further, when eaten, it is toxic to humans and highly toxic to horses & cattle. Authorities recommend eradicating it, conventionally with 2,4-D.

<i>Senecio squalidus</i> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Senecio squalidus, known as Oxford ragwort, is a flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. It is a yellow-flowered herbaceous plant, native to mountainous, rocky or volcanic areas, that has managed to find other homes on man-made and natural piles of rocks, war-ruined neighborhoods and even on stone walls. These habitats resemble its well drained natural rocky homeland. The plants have spread via the wind, rail and the activities of botanists. The travels of this short-lived perennial, biennial, or winter annual make it a good subject for studies of the evolution and ecology of flowering plants.

<i>Senecio eboracensis</i> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Senecio eboracensis, the York groundsel or York radiate groundsel, is a flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. It is a hybrid between a native and a non-native introduced species, which naturalised in England but the population failed to sustain itself. It was brought back by captive cultivation. It is a self-pollinating hybrid species of ragwort and one of only six new plant species to be discovered in either the United Kingdom or North America in the last 100 years.

<i>Tephroseris palustris</i> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Tephroseris palustris, also known by its common names swamp ragwort, northern swamp groundsel, marsh fleabane, marsh fleawort, clustered marsh ragwort and mastodon flower, a herbaceous species of the family Asteraceae. It can be seen most easily when its bright yellow umbel flowers appear from May to early July standing 3 to 4 feet along marshes, stream banks and slough areas where it likes to grow.

<i>Roldana petasitis</i> Species of plant

Roldana petasitis, also known as the velvet groundsel or Californian geranium, is a species of the genus Roldana and family Asteraceae that used to be classified in the genus Senecio. It is native to Central America.

<i>Senecio fremontii</i> Species of flowering plant

Senecio fremontii, the dwarf mountain ragwort, is a species of the family Asteraceae. It takes its scientific name from John C. Frémont.

<i>Senecio triangularis</i> Species of flowering plant

Senecio triangularis, known as arrowleaf ragwort, arrowleaf groundsel and arrowleaf butterweed, is a species of the genus Senecio and family Asteraceae.

<i>Astragalus kentrophyta</i> Species of legume

Astragalus kentrophyta is a species of milkvetch known by the common name spiny milkvetch. It is native to western North America from central to west Canada, to California, to New Mexico. It grows in rocky mountainous areas, such as the Sierra Nevada, and on plateaus.

<i>Barkleyanthus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Barkleyanthus is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, containing the single species Barkleyanthus salicifolius, a plant formerly classified in the genus Senecio. It is native to North and Central America, where its distribution extends from the southwestern United States to El Salvador. Its common names include willow ragwort, willow groundsel, Barkley's-ragwort, and jarilla.

<i>Senecio aphanactis</i> Species of flowering plant

Senecio aphanactis, known by the common names chaparral ragwort, rayless ragwort, and California groundsel, is a species of flowering plant in the aster family.

<i>Senecio californicus</i> Species of flowering plant

Senecio californicus is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name California ragwort.

<i>Senecio serra</i> Species of flowering plant

Senecio serra is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names tall ragwort and sawtooth groundsel. It is native to the western United States, where it can be found in several types of habitat, including sagebrush and woodlands. It is a perennial herb producing a single erect stem or a cluster of stems from a branched, woody caudex. The plant can exceed two meters in height. It is hairless in texture, with young plants sometimes appearing fuzzy, and green to red-tinged in color. The leaves have lance-shaped blades up to 20 centimeters long borne on short petioles, the leaves occurring evenly all along the stems. The inflorescence is a spreading array of many flower heads, each lined with green- or black-tipped phyllaries. The heads contain yellow disc florets and 5 to 8 yellow ray florets each under a centimeter long.

<i>Helenium microcephalum</i> Species of flowering plant

Helenium microcephalum is a North American perennial plant in the sunflower family, commonly known as smallhead sneezeweed. It is found in the southwestern and south-central United States and northern Mexico.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). "PLANTS Profile, Senecio flaccidus Less. var. flaccidus". The PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 20 February 2008.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Senecio flaccidus". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 20 February 2008.
  3. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Senecio flaccidus". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 Oklahoma Biological Survey (20 September 1999). "Senecio flaccidus Less. var. flaccidus". Scientific Name Index. University of Oklahoma. Retrieved 20 February 2008.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Michael L. Charters. "Senecio flaccidus Less. var. douglasii (DC) B. Turner & T. Barkley". Wildflowers and Other Plants of Southern California. Retrieved 20 February 2008.
  6. 1 2 3 4 George DeLange; Audrey DeLange. "Sand Wash Groundsel". Arizona Wild Flowers Wildflower Pictures And Photos. Retrieved 20 February 2008.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 James E. Nellessen. "Senecio flaccidus Less" (PDF). United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved 20 February 2008.
  8. Henderson FG, Harris PN, Chen KK (March 1951). "Liver injury following administration of alpha- and beta- longilobine". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 76 (3): 530–532. doi:10.3181/00379727-76-18545. PMID   14844262. S2CID   75269601. 14844262.

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