Sitagliptin/metformin

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Sitagliptin/metformin
Combination of
Sitagliptin Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor
Metformin Biguanide
Clinical data
Trade names Janumet, Januet, others
AHFS/Drugs.com Professional Drug Facts
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration 		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
KEGG

Sitagliptin/metformin, sold under the brand name Janumet among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. [9] It may be used in those whose blood sugar is not controlled with metformin and a sulfonylurea. [9] [10] It is taken by mouth. [9]

Contents

Common side effects include diarrhea, headache, and upper respiratory tract infections. [5] Serious side effects may include lactic acidosis, pancreatitis, low blood sugar, heart failure, joint pain, and allergic reactions. [5] It has not been properly studied in women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. [1] It contains sitagliptin (a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor) and metformin (a biguanide). [5]

The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in 2007. [5] In 2021, it was the 154th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions. [11] [12] It is available as a generic medication. [13] [14]

Medical uses

In the United States, sitagliptin/metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. [5] [6]

In the European Union, sitagliptin/metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes; in combination with a sulfonylurea as an adjunct to diet and exercise "in people inadequately controlled on their maximal tolerated dose of metformin and a sulfonylurea; as triple combination therapy with a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist (i.e., a thiazolidinedione) as an adjunct to diet and exercise in people inadequately controlled on their maximal tolerated dose of metformin and a PPAR agonist; and as add-on to insulin as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in people when stable dosage of insulin and metformin alone do not provide adequate glycemic control." [7]

In December 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved labeling changes stating that Januvia (sitagliptin), Janumet (sitagliptin and metformin hydrochloride), and Janumet XR (sitagliptin and metformin hydrochloride extended-release) are not proven to improve glycemic (blood sugar) control in children aged 10 to 17 with type 2 diabetes. [15] The drugs are approved to improve blood sugar control in adults aged 18 and older with type 2 diabetes. [15]

Society and culture

Brand names

As of 2018, the combination is marketed under several brand names, including Efficib, [8] Janmet, Januet, Janumet, Jznumet, Ristaben Met, Ristfor, Siglimet, Sitamet, Sitar-M, Sliptin-M, Treviamet, Velmetia, Istamet, Emsita, Sitaglyn, Sitazit-M, and Zaxoran. [16]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metformin</span> Medication used to treat diabetes

Metformin, sold under the brand name Glucophage, among others, is the main first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, particularly in people who are overweight. It is also used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. It is sometimes used as an off-label adjunct to lessen the risk of metabolic syndrome in people who take antipsychotics. Metformin is not associated with weight gain and is taken by mouth.

Drugs used in diabetes treat diabetes mellitus by decreasing glucose levels in the blood. With the exception of insulin, most GLP-1 receptor agonists, and pramlintide, all diabetes medications are administered orally and are thus called oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic agents. There are different classes of hypoglycemic drugs, and selection of the appropriate agent depends on the nature of diabetes, age, and situation of the person, as well as other patient factors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glibenclamide</span> Chemical compound

Glibenclamide, also known as glyburide, is an antidiabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is recommended that it be taken together with diet and exercise. It may be used with other antidiabetic medication. It is not recommended for use by itself in type 1 diabetes. It is taken by mouth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sitagliptin</span> Diabetes medication

Sitagliptin, sold under the brand name Januvia among others, is an anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. In the United Kingdom it is listed as less preferred than metformin or a sulfonylurea. It is taken by mouth. It is also available in the fixed-dose combination medication sitagliptin/metformin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saxagliptin</span> Chemical compound

Saxagliptin, sold under the brand name Onglyza, is an oral hypoglycemic of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class. Early development was solely by Bristol-Myers Squibb; in 2007 AstraZeneca joined with Bristol-Myers Squibb to co-develop the final compound and collaborate on the marketing of the drug.

Pioglitazone/metformin, sold under the brand name Actoplus Met among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. It contains pioglitazone, a thiazolidinedione, and metformin, a biguanide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dapagliflozin</span> Diabetes medication

Dapagliflozin, sold under the brand names Farxiga (US) and Forxiga (EU) among others, is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is also used to treat adults with heart failure and chronic kidney disease. It reversibly inhibits sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) in the renal proximal convoluted tubule to reduce glucose reabsorption and increase urinary glucose excretion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Canagliflozin</span> Chemical compound

Canagliflozin, sold under the brand name Invokana among others, is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is used together with exercise and diet. It is not recommended in type 1 diabetes. It is taken by mouth.

Empagliflozin, sold under the brand name Jardiance, among others, is an antidiabetic medication used to improve glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes. It is taken by mouth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dulaglutide</span> Diabetes medication

Dulaglutide, sold under the brand name Trulicity among others, is a medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in combination with diet and exercise. It is also approved in the United States for the reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes who have established cardiovascular disease or multiple cardiovascular risk factors. It is a once-weekly injection.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Empagliflozin/linagliptin</span> Pharmaceutical drug

Empagliflozin/linagliptin, sold under the brand name Glyxambi, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is a combination of empagliflozin and linagliptin. It is taken by mouth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ertugliflozin</span> Chemical compound

Ertugliflozin, sold under the brand name Steglatro, is a medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Vildagliptin/metformin, sold under the brand name Eucreas among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It was approved for use in the European Union in November 2007, and the approval was updated in 2008. It combines 50 mg vildagliptin with either 500, 850, or 1000 mg metformin.

Empagliflozin/metformin, sold under the brand name Synjardy among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It contains empagliflozin and metformin hydrochloride. It is taken by mouth.

Dapagliflozin/saxagliptin/metformin, sold under the brand name Qternmet XR among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. It is a combination of dapagliflozin, saxagliptin, and metformin. It is taken by mouth. The drug is marketed by AstraZeneca.

Dapagliflozin/metformin, sold under the brand name Xigduo Xr among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. It is a combination of dapagliflozin and metformin and is taken by mouth. Dapagliflozin/metformin was approved for use in the European Union in January 2014, in the United States in February 2014, and in Australia in July 2014.


Dapagliflozin/saxagliptin, sold under the brand name Qtern, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. It is a combination of dapagliflozin and saxagliptin. It is taken by mouth.

Canagliflozin/metformin, sold under the brand name Vokanamet among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is used in combination with diet and exercise. It is taken by mouth.

Pioglitazone/glimepiride, sold under the brand name Duetact among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It contains the thiazolidinedione pioglitazone and the sulfonylurea glimepiride. It is taken by mouth.

Bexagliflozin, sold under the brand name Brenzavvy, is an antidiabetic medication used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. It is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor that is taken by mouth.

References

  1. 1 2 "Metformin / sitagliptin Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  2. ↑ "Sitagliptin/metformin Sandoz XR (Sandoz Pty Ltd)". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 2 June 2023. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  3. ↑ "Product monograph brand safety updates". Health Canada. February 2024. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
  4. ↑ "Janumet 50 mg/1000 mg film-coated tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 25 November 2020. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Janumet- sitagliptin and metformin hydrochloride tablet, film coated". DailyMed. 12 August 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
  6. 1 2 "Janumet XR- sitagliptin and metformin hydrochloride tablet, film coated, extended release". DailyMed. Archived from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
  7. 1 2 "Janumet EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 9 December 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
  8. 1 2 "Efficib EPAR". European Medicines Agency. 16 July 2008. Retrieved 25 July 2024.
  9. 1 2 3 British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 682. ISBN   9780857113382.
  10. ↑ Hayes J, Anderson R, Stephens JW (2016). "Sitagliptin/metformin fixed-dose combination in type 2 diabetes mellitus: an evidence-based review of its place in therapy". Drug Design, Development and Therapy. 10: 2263–70. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S93076 . PMC   4958358 . PMID   27486305.
  11. ↑ "The Top 300 of 2021". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  12. ↑ "Metformin; Sitagliptin - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  13. ↑ "Sitagliptin / Metformin hydrochloride Accord EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 17 May 2022. Archived from the original on 3 August 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
  14. ↑ "Sitagliptin / Metformin hydrochloride Sun: Pending EC decision". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 26 January 2023. Archived from the original on 27 January 2023. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
  15. 1 2 "New studies show diabetes drug not proven to improve blood sugar control in pediatric patients". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 4 December 2020. Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2020.PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  16. ↑ "International brands for Sitagliptin/metformin". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 23 August 2019. Retrieved 3 September 2018.


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