Stachytarpheta jamaicensis

Last updated

Stachytarpheta jamaicensis
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis florida.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Verbenaceae
Genus: Stachytarpheta
Species:
S. jamaicensis
Binomial name
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis
(L.) Vahl
Synonyms [2]
  • Abena jamaicensis(L.) Hitchc.
  • Stachytarpheta bogoriensisZoll. & Moritzi
  • Stachytarpheta pilosiusculaKunth
  • Valerianoides jamaicense(L.) Kuntze
  • Valerianoides jamaicense(L.) Medik.
  • Valerianoides jamaicensis(L.) Medik.
  • Verbena americanaMill.
  • Verbena jamaicensisL.
  • Verbena pilosiuscula(Kunth) Endl.
  • Vermicularia decurrensMoench nom. illeg.
  • Zappania jamaicensis(L.) Lam.
Parantica aglea on Stachytarpheta jamaicensis Parantica aglea at Nayikayam Thattu.jpg
Parantica aglea on Stachytarpheta jamaicensis

Stachytarpheta jamaicensis is a species of plant in the family Verbenaceae, native throughout the Caribbean, [3] including Florida. [4] It has many common names including blue porterweed, blue snake weed, bastard vervain, Brazilian tea, Jamaica vervain, [5] light-blue snakeweed, [6] and, in St. Croix, worryvine.source? It usually is found along country roadsides, and it also grows well as a ruderal plant on disturbed terrain.

Contents

A similar plant, Stachytarpheta cayennensis , which is an invasive species in Florida, [7] is sometimes mistaken for S. jamaicensis. [8]

It is unclear whether S. indica is a separate species. [9]

Medicinal uses

The fresh leaves are consumed in bush tea as a “cooling” tonic and blood cleanser, to treat “asthma” and “ulcerated stomachs”. [10]

Tea brewed from this species has been shown to cause a dose-dependent "fall in [the] blood pressure" of normal rabbits. However, the tea has also been observed to cause a "mild non-dose dependent systematic toxicity" in various tissues throughout the body, "such as congestion, fatty changes, and necrosis in liver, blood vessels, kidney, lung and testis, but the brain, eyes, intestines and heart were essentially normal." [11]

Related Research Articles

<i>Pinus contorta</i> Species of plant

Pinus contorta, with the common names lodgepole pine and shore pine, and also known as twisted pine, and contorta pine, is a common tree in western North America. It is common near the ocean shore and in dry montane forests to the subalpine, but is rare in lowland rain forests. Like all pines, it is an evergreen conifer.

<i>Thespesia populnea</i> Species of flowering plant

Thespesia populnea, commonly known as the portia tree, Pacific rosewood, Indian tulip tree, or milo, among other names, is a species of flowering plant belonging to the mallow family, Malvaceae. It is a tree found commonly on coasts around the world. Although it is confirmed to be native only to the Old World tropics, other authorities consider it to have a wider, possibly pantropical native distribution. It is thought to be an invasive species in Florida and Brazil.

<i>Nephrolepis exaltata</i> Species of fern

Nephrolepis exaltata, known as the sword fern or Boston fern, is a species of fern in the family Lomariopsidaceae. It is native to the Americas. This evergreen plant can reach as high as 40–90 centimetres (16–35 in), and in extreme cases up to 1.5 metres. It is also known as the Boston swordfern, wild Boston fern, Boston Blue Bell Fern, tuber ladder fern, or fishbone fern.

<i>Schinus terebinthifolia</i> Species of flowering plant in the cashew and mango family Anacardiaceae

Schinus terebinthifolia is a species of flowering plant in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae, that is native to subtropical and tropical South America. Common names include Brazilian peppertree, aroeira, rose pepper, broadleaved pepper tree, wilelaiki, Christmasberry tree and Florida holly. The species name has been very commonly misspelled as ‘terebinthifolius’.

<i>Verbena brasiliensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Verbena brasiliensis, the Brazilian verbena or Brazilian vervain, is a flowering plant species from the vervain family (Verbenaceae). It is native to parts of South America, namely Brazil, but has spread its range in recent times and has occasionally become an invasive weed. It is an annual plant with purple flowers, and it has been introduced outside of its native range as an ornamental plant, and is now largely considered an invasive weed in these regions.

<i>Ruellia simplex</i> Species of flowering plant

Ruellia simplex, the Mexican petunia, Mexican bluebell or Britton's wild petunia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Acanthaceae. It is a native of Mexico, the Caribbean, and South America. It has become a widespread invasive plant in Florida, where it was likely introduced as an ornamental before 1933, as well as in the eastern Mediterranean, South Asia and other parts of the eastern hemisphere.

<i>Prosopis glandulosa</i> Species of tree

Prosopis glandulosa, commonly known as honey mesquite, is a species of small to medium-sized, thorny shrub or tree in the legume family (Fabaceae).

<i>Ipomoea indica</i> Species of flowering plant

Ipomoea indica is a species of flowering plant in the family Convolvulaceae, known by several common names, including blue morning glory, oceanblue morning glory, koali awa, and blue dawn flower. It bears heart-shaped or 3-lobed leaves and purple or blue funnel-shaped flowers 6–8 cm (2–3 in) in diameter, from spring to autumn. The flowers produced by the plant are hermaphroditic. This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

<i>Hiptage benghalensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Hiptage benghalensis, often simply called hiptage, is a perennial, evergreen liana native to India, Southeast Asia, Taiwan, and the Philippines. Its habitat is variable and prefers climates ranging from warm temperate to tropical. In Hawaii, where H. benghalensis is considered a weed, as it is in Australia, Mauritius and Réunion, it grows from sea level to 1,000 m (3,281 ft). H. benghalensis is cultivated for its white-pink scented flowers.

<i>Mezoneuron kauaiense</i> Species of legume

Mezoneuron kauaiense is a rare shrub or small tree in the genus Mezoneuron, that is endemic to Hawaii. Common names include uhiuhi, kāwaʻu (Maui), and kea (Maui). It is threatened by invasive species, particularly feral ungulates.

<i>Stachytarpheta</i> Genus of flowering plants in the vervain family Verbenaceae

Stachytarpheta is a plant genus in the verbena family (Verbenaceae). The flowers are rich in nectar and popular with many butterflies, such as the South Asian crimson rose, Malabar banded swallowtail, and grass yellow Hummingbirds, especially small species like Lophornis coquettes, Chlorostilbon emeralds, and Discosura thorntails, are especially attracted for nectar. Several species in this genus are known as porterweeds.

<i>Verbena bonariensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Verbena bonariensis, the purpletop vervain, clustertop vervain, Argentinian vervain, tall verbena or pretty verbena, is a member of the verbena family cultivated as a flowering annual or herbaceous perennial plant. In USA horticulture, it is also known by the ambiguous names purpletop and South American vervain. For the misapplication "Brazilian verbena" see below.

Talakona is situated in Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is a resort with waterfalls, dense forests and wildlife. Talakona waterfall is in Sri Venkateswara National Park, Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh. With a 270 feet (82 m)-fall, Talakona is the highest waterfall in Andhra Pradesh state. Talakona is also known for the Lord Siddheswara Swamy Temple, which is located close to the waterfall.

<i>Gutierrezia microcephala</i> Species of flowering plant

Gutierrezia microcephala is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names sticky snakeweed, threadleaf snakeweed, threadleaf broomweed, and smallhead snakeweed. It is a subshrub native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, and can be found in arid grassland and desert sand dune habitats. It can be toxic to livestock in large quantities, due to the presence of saponins and high concentrations of selenium.

<i>Waltheria indica</i> Species of flowering plant

Waltheria indica is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family, Malvaceae, that has a pantropical distribution. It is believed to have originated in the Neotropics. Common names include sleepy morning, basora prieta, hierba de soldado, guimauve, mauve-gris, moto-branco, fulutafu, kafaki, and ʻuhaloa (Hawaii). W. indica is a short-lived subshrub or shrub, reaching a height of 2 m (6.6 ft) and a stem diameter of 2 cm (0.79 in). It is most common in dry, disturbed or well-drained, moist habitats. In Puerto Rico, it grows in areas that receive 750–1,800 mm (30–71 in) of annual rainfall and at elevations from sea level to more 400 m (1,300 ft).

<i>Flacourtia indica</i> Species of fruit and plant

Flacourtia indica, known commonly as ramontchi, governor's plum, Madagascar plum and Indian plum, is a species of flowering plant native to much of Africa and tropical and temperate parts of Asia. F. indica and F. ramontchi are sometimes treated as separate species.

<i>Stachytarpheta indica</i> Species of flowering plant

Stachytarpheta indica is a species of plant in the family Verbenaceae, native to the tropical Americas. It has often been included in the species S. jamaicensis.

<i>Stachytarpheta mutabilis</i> Species of flowering plant

Stachytarpheta mutabilis is a species of flowering plant in the verbena family known by the common names changeable velvetberry, coral porterweed, pink snakeweed, red snakeweed, and pink rat tail. It is native to Mexico, the Caribbean, and South America. It can be found in many other places as an introduced species. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant.

<i>Stachytarpheta cayennensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Stachytarpheta cayennensis is a species of flowering plant in the verbena family known by many English language common names, including blue snakeweed, Cayenne snakeweed, dark-blue snakeweed, bluetop, nettle-leaf porterweed, rattail, rough-leaf false vervain, blue rat's tail, Brazilian tea, Cayenne vervain, false verbena, joee, nettleleaf velvetberry, and Cayenne porterweed. Names in other languages include honagasō (Japanese), gervão-urticante, piche de gato, rabo de zorro (Spanish), herbe á chenille, herbe bleue, queue de rat (French), ōi or ōwī (Hawaiian), sakura or ouchung (Chuukese), and tiāki (Māori). It is native to the Americas, from Mexico south through Central and South America to Argentina, as well as many islands of the Caribbean. It is known in many other parts of the world as an introduced species, including regions in Africa, India, Indonesia, Australia, Florida in the United States, and many Pacific Islands. Its distribution is now considered pantropical. In many places, such as New Caledonia, it has become an invasive species.

<i>Stachytarpheta urticifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Stachytarpheta urticifolia, the nettleleaf velvetberry, is a species of lavender plant in the verbena family. In some countries it is considered as an invasive weed.

References

  1. Bárrios, S.; Copeland, A. (2021). "Stachytarpheta jamaicensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T96816126A192132046. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T96816126A192132046.en . Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  2. "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species" . Retrieved 25 September 2015.
  3. "USDA Plants Database".
  4. [https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/Plant.aspx?id=703}
  5. "Stachytarpheta jamaicensis". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 19 January 2018.
  6. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Stachytarpheta jamaicensis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  7. "Florida Invasive Species Council".
  8. "Blue porterweed". 17 September 2021.
  9. www.flowersofindia.net, Indian Snakeweed
  10. Brian N. Becker, Integration Of Medicinal And Culinary Herbs In An Agroforestry Combination On St. Croix, United States Virgin Islands (PDF)
  11. Professor MacDonald Idu. "The Plant called Medicine (PDF)" (PDF).