Stylohyoid muscle

Stylohyoid
The stylohyoid among the triangles of the neck.
Muscles of the neck. Anterior view. Stylohyoid muscle in purple
Details
Origin	Styloid process (temporal)
Insertion	Greater cornu of hyoid bone
Nerve	Facial nerve (CN VII)
Actions	Elevate the hyoid during swallowing
Identifiers
Latin	musculus stylohyoideus
TA98	A04.2.03.005
TA2	2164
FMA	9625
Anatomical terms of muscle [ edit on Wikidata]

The stylohyoid muscle is one of the suprahyoid muscles. ^[1] Its originates from the styloid process of the temporal bone; it inserts onto hyoid bone. It is innervated by a branch of the facial nerve. It acts draw the hyoid bone upwards and backwards.

Structure

The stylohyoid is a slender muscle. ^[2] It is directed inferoanteriorly from its origin towards its insertion. ^[3]

It is perforated near its insertion by the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle. ^[3]

Origin

The muscle arises from the posterior surface of the temporal styloid process; it arises near the base of the process. It arises by a small tendon of origin. ^[3]

Insertion

The muscle inserts onto the body of hyoid bone at the junction of the body and greater cornu. ^[3]

It passes anterior to the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle and is inserted immediately superior to that of the superior belly of omohyoid muscle. ^[3]

Vasculature

The stylohyoid muscle receives arterial supply branches of the facial artery, posterior auricular artery, and occipital artery. ^[3]

Innervation

The stylohyoid muscle receives motor innervation from the stylohyoid branch of facial nerve (CN VII). ^[3]

Relations

The muscle is situated antero superior to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. ^[2]

Variation

It may be absent or doubled. It may be situated medial to the carotid artery. It may insert suprahyoid muscles of infrahyoid muscles. ^[3]

Actions/movements

The stylohyoid muscle elevates and retracts the hyoid bone (i.e. draws it superiorly and posteriorly). ^[3]

Function

The stylohyoid muscle elongates the floor of the mouth. ^[3] It initiates a swallowing.^{[ citation needed ]}

Additional images

• 
  Left temporal bone. Outer surface.
• 
  Hyoid bone. Anterior surface. Enlarged.
• 
  Superficial dissection of the right side of the neck, showing the carotid and subclavian arteries.
• 
  Extrinsic muscles of the tongue. Left side.
• 
  Stylohyoid muscle
• 
  Stylohyoid muscle

See also

• Stylohyoid ligament

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 392 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

1. Chokroverty, Sudhansu (2009-01-01), Chokroverty, Sudhansu (ed.), "Chapter 7 - Physiologic Changes in Sleep" , Sleep Disorders Medicine (Third Edition), Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 80–104, doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-7584-0.00007-0, ISBN   978-0-7506-7584-0 , retrieved 2020-11-11
2. Rea, Paul (2016-01-01), Rea, Paul (ed.), "Chapter 2 - Head" , Essential Clinically Applied Anatomy of the Peripheral Nervous System in the Head and Neck, Academic Press, pp. 21–130, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803633-4.00002-8, ISBN   978-0-12-803633-4 , retrieved 2020-11-11
3. Standring, Susan (2020). Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (42nd ed.). New York. p. 581. ISBN   978-0-7020-7707-4. OCLC   1201341621.

External links

Anatomy figure: 34:02-04 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center