Synoicus

Synoicus
S. ypsilophorus
S. chinensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Galliformes
Family:	Phasianidae
Tribe:	Coturnicini
Genus:	Synoicus Gould, 1843
Type species
Tetrao ypsilophorus Bosc, 1792
Species
See text
Synonyms
Anurophasis van Oort, 1910 Excalfactoria Bonaparte, 1856

Synoicus is a genus of 4 species of Old World quail. ^[1]

The species in the genus are distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa, tropical Asia, and Australasia. Two of the four species in the genus were originally classified in Excalfactoria, one was classified in Anurophasis , and one was classified in Coturnix . Several phylogenetic studies found these species to all group together into a single genus, which was followed by the International Ornithological Congress in 2021. ^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Species

Genus Synoicus – Gould, 1843 – four species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Brown quail	Synoicus ypsilophorus (Bosc, 1792) Nine subspecies S. y. raaltenii(Müller, S, 1842) S. y. pallidior Hartert, EJO, 1897 S. y. saturatiorHartert, EJO, 1897 S. y. dogwa Mayr & Rand, 1935 S. y. plumbeus Salvadori, 1895 S. y. monticolaMayr & Rand, 1935 S. y. mafuluMayr & Rand, 1935 S. y. australis(Latham, 1801) S. y. ypsilophorus(Bosc, 1792)	Mainland Australia, Tasmania and Papua New Guinea; introduced to New Zealand and Fiji	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Snow Mountain quail	Synoicus monorthonyx (van Oort, 1910)	Snow and Star Mountains, West Papua (Indonesia) and Papua New Guinea	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
King quail	Synoicus chinensis (Linnaeus, 1766) Six subspecies S. c. chinensis(Linnaeus, 1766) S. c. trinkutensis Richmond, 1902 S. c. lineatus(Scopoli, 1786) S. c. lepidus( Hartlaub, 1879) S. c. victoriae (Mathews , 1912) S. c. colletti (Mathews, 1912)	India and Sri Lanka east to Taiwan, south to eastern Australia	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Blue quail	Synoicus adansonii (Verreaux & Verreaux, 1851)	Sub-Saharan Africa, from Zambia north to Ethiopia, and west to Sierra Leone	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC

References

1. "Taxonomic Updates – IOC World Bird List" . Retrieved 2021-07-14.
2. Seabrook-Davison, Mark; Huynen, Leon; Lambert, David M.; Brunton, Dianne H. (2009-07-28). "Ancient DNA Resolves Identity and Phylogeny of New Zealand's Extinct and Living Quail (Coturnix sp.)". PLOS ONE. 4 (7): e6400. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.6400S. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006400 . ISSN   1932-6203. PMC   2712072 . PMID   19636374.
3. Hosner, Peter A.; Tobias, Joseph A.; Braun, Edward L.; Kimball, Rebecca T. (2017-05-17). "How do seemingly non-vagile clades accomplish trans-marine dispersal? Trait and dispersal evolution in the landfowl (Aves: Galliformes)". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 284 (1854): 20170210. doi:10.1098/rspb.2017.0210. PMC   5443944 . PMID   28469029.
4. Kimball, Rebecca T.; Mary, Colette M. St; Braun, Edward L. (2011-05-02). "A Macroevolutionary Perspective on Multiple Sexual Traits in the Phasianidae (Galliformes)". International Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 2011: 423938. doi: 10.4061/2011/423938 . PMC   3119463 . PMID   21716735.