Takli Formation

Takli Formation
Stratigraphic range: Maastrichtian
Type	Geological formation
Lithology
Primary	Claystone, siltstone, marl
Location
Coordinates	21°12′N79°06′E / 21.2°N 79.1°E / 21.2; 79.1
Approximate paleocoordinates	26°12′S61°30′E / 26.2°S 61.5°E / -26.2; 61.5
Region	Maharashtra, Gujarat
Country	India
Type section
Named for	Tákli Plain
Takli Formation (India)

The Takli Formation is a Maastrichtian geologic formation in India. ^[1] Dinosaur remains diagnostic to the genus level are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. ^[2]

Paleobiota

Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon		Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Dinosaurs

Sauropods

Sauropods from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Fusioolithus	F. baghensis	eggshell fragments	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	Sauropod Eggs.
Sauropoda [3] [4]	Indeterminate	tooth	Gujarat	Maastrichtian	A Sauropod.
Titanosauridae	Indeterminate	teeth	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Titanosaur.

Theropods

Theropods from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
?Coelurosauria [4]	Indeterminate	teeth	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	Coelurosauria was a common wastebasket taxon.
?Megalosauridae	Indeterminate	teeth	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	Megalosauridae was a common wastebasket taxon.
Massospondylus [5] [6]	M. rawesi	Tooth	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	Previously thought to be a Massospondylus now known to be an indeterminate abelisaurid. [7]
Theropoda [3]	Indeterminate	Teeth.	Gujarat	Maastrichtian	An indeterminate theropod.

Other Archosaurs

Other Archosaurs from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Archosauria [4]	Indeterminate	teeth	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	Either a saurischian or a crocodilla n.
Crocodyliformes [8]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Crocodyliform.

Lepidosaurs

Lepidosaurs from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Gekkonidae [9]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Gecko.
Boidae [10] [11]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snake.
Scincomorpha [10] [11]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Scincomorph.
? Contogenys [9]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Globaurid.
Anguidae [12]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Anguid.
Litakis [9]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Platynota.
Exostinus	E. estesi [9] E. estesai		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Xenosaurid.
Pristiguana	P. sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Iguanid.
Iguanidae [9]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An iguanid.

Amphibians

Amphibians from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Anura [13]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Frog.
Pelobatidae [11]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Spadefoot Toad.

Fish

Fishes from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Pycnodus	P. lametae P. bicresta [14]		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Pycnodontid Fish.
Belonostomus [10]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Aspidorhynchid Fish.
Sphyraena [12]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Barracuda.
Enchodus	E. ferox [12] sp. [10]		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Enchodontid Fish.
Clupeidae [12]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Clupeid Fish.
Apateodus [14]	A. striatus		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Ichthyotringid Fish.
Stephanodus [14]	S. lybicus		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Eotrigonodontid Fish.
Ostracion [12]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Ostraciid Fish.
Palaeolabrus [14]	P. dormaalensis		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Palaeolabrid Fish.
Lepisosteus [12]	L. indicus		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Gar.
Lepidotes [10]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A possible late surviving lepidotid.
Dasyatis [10]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Whiptail stingray.
Igdabatis	I. sigmodon		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Eagle ray.
Osteoglossum	O. deccanensis		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A osteoglossid Fish.
Osteichthyes [13]	Indeterminate	Ganoid and Cycloid scales	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Bony fish.

Mammals

Mammals from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Symmetrodonta [12]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Allotherian Mammal.

Molluscas

Molluscas from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Bivalvia	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Clam.
Limnaea	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snail.
Valvata	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snail.
Paludina	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snail.
Physa	P. prinsepii		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snail.

Crustaceans

Crustaceans from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Ostracoda [15]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Ostracod.

Turtles

Turtles from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Pelomedusidae [12]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Pelomedusid Turtle.
Testudinata	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Turtle.

Insects

Insects from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
?Buprestidae [16]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Jewel beetle.
Lomatus [16] [17]	L. hislopi		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Jewel beetle.
?Curculionidae	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snout beetle.
Meristos [16]	M. hunteri		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snout beetle.
Palaeotanymecides [16]	P. hislopi		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snout beetle.

See also

• List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
  • List of stratigraphic units with few dinosaur genera

References

1. Tákli Plain, northwest of Nagpur at Fossilworks.org
2. Weishampel, et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution." Pp. 517-607.
3. A. Sahni and S. Bajpai. 1988. Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary events: the fossil vertebrate, palaeomagnetic and radiometric evidence from Peninsualr India. Journal of the Geological Society of India32(5):382-395
4. Vianey-Liaud, Monique; Jain, Sohan L.; Sahni, Ashok (1988-01-22). "Dinosaur eggshells (Saurischia) from the Late Cretaceous Intertrappean and Lameta formations (Deccan, India)" . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 7 (4): 408–424. Bibcode:1988JVPal...7..408V. doi:10.1080/02724634.1988.10011673. ISSN   0272-4634.
5. R. Lydekker. 1890. Note on certain vertebrate remains from the Nagpur district. Records of the Geological Survey of India23(1):21-24
6. Weishampel, David B. (1990). "Dinosaur distribution". In David B. Weishampel; Peter Dodson; Halszka Osmólska (eds.). The Dinosauria (1st ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 63–139. ISBN   978-0-520-06727-1.
7. Hendrickx, C.; Soto Núñez, M.; Araújo, R.; Meso, J. G.; Maganuco, S.; Ben-Salahuddin, A. (2025). "Isolated abelisaurid teeth from Gondwana and dental evolution in Abelisauridae". Ameghiniana. doi:10.5710/AMGH.17.09.2025.3654.
8. Rio, Jonathan P.; Mannion, Philip D. (2021-09-06). "Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem". PeerJ. 9 e12094. doi: 10.7717/peerj.12094 . ISSN   2167-8359. PMC   8428266 . PMID   34567843.
9. Kapur, Vivesh V.; Khosla, Ashu (2018-12-03). "Faunal elements from the Deccan volcano-sedimentary sequences of India: A reappraisal of biostratigraphic, palaeoecologic, and palaeobiogeographic aspects". Geological Journal. 54 (5): 2797–2828. doi:10.1002/gj.3379. ISSN   0072-1050.
10. S. L. Jain. 1989. Recent dinosaur discoveries in India, including eggshells, nests and coprolites. In D. D. Gillette & M. G. Lockley (ed.), Dinosaur Tracks and Traces 99-108
11. Rage, Jean-Claude; Prasad, Guntupalli V. R.; Verma, Omkar; Khosla, Ashu; Parmar, Varun (2020), Prasad, Guntupalli V.R.; Patnaik, Rajeev (eds.), "Anuran Lissamphibian and Squamate Reptiles from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Deccan Intertrappean Sites in Central India, with a Review of Lissamphibian and Squamate Diversity in the Northward Drifting Indian Plate" , Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics: New Perspectives on Post-Gondwana Break-up–A Tribute to Ashok Sahni, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 99–121, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-49753-8_6, ISBN   978-3-030-49753-8 , retrieved 2024-08-18
12. "Palaeontology and palaeoecology of the intertrappean (Cretaceous-Tertiary transition) beds of the peninsular India" (PDF). palaeontologicalsociety.in.
13. S. Hislop. 1861. Remarks on the geology of Nágpur. Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society6:194-204
14. "(PDF) Vertebrate Fauna From the Infra- and Inter-trappean Beds of Andhra Pradesh: Age Implications".
15. "(PDF) New Evidence for Paleobiogeographic Intercontinental Gondwana Relationships Based on Late Cretaceous-Earliest Paleocene Coastal Faunas from Peninsular India".
16. A. Murray. 1860. Notes on some fossil insects from Nagpur. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society16:182-186
17. Bellamy, C. L. (2013). "Fossil Buprestidae". A Checklist of World Buprestoidea. Archived from the original on 8 September 2021. Retrieved 7 Sep 2021.

Bibliography

• Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska, Halszka, eds. (2004). The Dinosauria (2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 1–880. ISBN   0-520-24209-2 . Retrieved 2019-02-21.