In 1890s London, up-and-coming magicians Robert Angier and Alfred Borden both work as stagehands and plants for an older magician, Milton, under the mentorship of Milton's ingénieur John Cutter, while Angier's wife Julia works as Milton's assistant. Borden is a technical magician, skilled in the art of creating tricks that confound other magicians while Angier's talent lies in presentation and thrilling audiences with his showmanship.
The men become bitter rivals after Julia drowns during an onstage incident. Borden, who was responsible for tying the knots in the water tank trick, claims to not know whether he tied a riskier type of knot that night, infuriating Angier. They go their separate ways, with Angier hiring Cutter to help with his act. Cutter employs Olivia, a new assistant with whom Angier starts a relationship. Meanwhile, Borden meets and marries Sarah before hiring an unknown ingénieur called Bernard Fallon to help with his career as a magician, specifically his masterpiece trick that he had mentioned to Cutter earlier, claiming no one else can do it. Sarah becomes pregnant soon after and they welcome a daughter, Jess.
As their careers start to take off, Angier and Borden take turns sabotaging each other, escalating their feud. While trying to perform his bullet catch trick, Borden and Fallon fail to recognise a disguised Angier who volunteers to fire the gun and shoots him with a real bullet, causing Borden to lose two fingers. Angier loses his stage contract after Borden sabotages his cage trick on the opening night, causing one of Angier's spectators to break her fingers.
Angier visits Borden's show again intending payback, but comes away surprised by Borden's debut of a new trick called the Transported Man, in which he appears to teleport from a cabinet at one end of the stage to another cabinet on the opposite side. Angier is determined to find out Borden's secret for the trick, but creates a new version of it for his own act, the New Transported Man, using a lookalike named Root, as suggested by Cutter. Despite the new version being better received, Angier is unsatisfied by being the man "in the box" and not receiving the audience's acclaim at the end of the trick — Root is the one that receives all the applause while Angier must remain hidden under the stage and remains obsessed over Borden's secret. Angier cajoles Olivia to work for Borden and spy on him to find out his secret for performing the Transported Man, but this results in Olivia's alienation from Angier, and eventually Olivia becomes Borden's mistress instead. Using Olivia's inside knowledge of Angier's method, Borden exposes Root to the audience and causes Angier to break a leg, further infuriating him.
Borden, with Olivia's help, improves the presentation of his own act, now called the Original Transported Man, and his success continues. After obtaining Borden's encoded diary from Olivia and burying Fallon alive to force Borden to reveal his secret, Angier receives the cipher to the diary, TESLA, which Borden tells him is also his method for doing the trick. However, this is really a fabrication meant to drive Angier away.
Angier arrives at Colorado Springs to meet the scientist Nikola Tesla, himself engaged in a bitter rivalry with scientist Thomas Edison. Angier asks Tesla to build a machine that transports its subject, believing Tesla has already created such a device for Borden. The enigmatic Tesla agrees and, after some problems with getting it to work as intended, eventually creates the machine, but gravely warns against its use, telling Angier it will only bring him misery. Angier nevertheless returns to London with the machine and uses it to perform the Real Transported Man, a refined version of the trick that brings him unprecedented recognition.
Borden's personal life becomes more complex, having to juggle his responsibilities to daughter Jess and wife Sarah (who senses he is keeping something from her), his affair with Olivia and his magic career, especially after Angier's return and increasing acclaim for the Real Transported Man trick. Unable to live with Borden's secretive nature, Sarah commits suicide, causing Olivia to leave him when she sees Borden react coldly.
Borden becomes obsessed with finding out how Angier is performing the Real Transported Man. Angier's method confounds both Borden and Fallon, their only clue being that Angier uses a trap door. Borden sneaks under the stage at one of Angier's shows to discover the method, but is shocked to see Angier drown inside a water tank. Borden is arrested and put on trial for Angier's apparent murder. He is found guilty and sentenced to death.
A solicitor named Owens, acting for a Lord Caldlow, meets Borden and offers him money in return for the method of how he performed the Transported Man. Owens also informs Borden that Jess will be taken away from Fallon's guardianship and sent to a workhouse unless he agrees, assuring him Jess will instead be placed in the care of the wealthy Caldlow who has purchased many of Angier's belongings as souvenirs. When Borden demands to see Jess before revealing his secret, Lord Caldlow visits Borden in person with Jess in tow. To Borden's horror, the aristocratic Caldlow reveals himself as the true identity behind Angier, having reverted to his original life as a wealthy Lord following the "death" of Angier, which Borden is accused of. He taunts Borden over being a better magician and that he will adopt Jess. Borden gives up his secret at the prison, only to see his note torn up, unread by Angier. Fallon is the last person to visit Borden at the prison before he is executed.
Cutter inadvertently discovers Angier's true identity as Caldlow and is reluctantly enlisted to help destroy Tesla's machine at a theater Angier secretly owns. After Cutter leaves, a mysterious figure sneaks into the theater and shoots Angier. The figure is Borden, and a dying Angier finally learns the truth: Alfred Borden was a single identity shared by twin brothers; while one performed, the other hid in plain sight as Fallon, both alternating between the two. To remain indistinguishable, one twin was even forced to mutilate his hand after Angier sabotaged Borden's bullet catch and shot off two of his fingers. They both lived one half of Alfred Borden's life, never appearing in public as twins, except during the Transported Man, where they would switch identities. One twin married Sarah, while the other loved Olivia, with only Sarah sensing the deception, thus driving her to suicide. The brother who fathered Jess survived as Fallon while the other was executed as Borden.
Angier, in his last moments, reveals the true gravity of Tesla's machine: although it was successful in transporting the subject, it also kept the original intact — a glitch in the machine that Tesla was unable to resolve. Thus a new Angier was created every time he used the machine. Angier built a trap door to drop the man in the machine into a water tank positioned below stage, drowning him. As he dies, Angier knocks over an oil lamp, starting a fire in the theater as Borden walks away.
At Borden's workshop, Cutter explains to Jess that the hardest and final part of any magic trick is the re-appearance, also called the "prestige," where the magician brings back the object he made to vanish. As he demonstrates this, Borden reappears at the workshop to take Jess back into his care. The film ends with a shot of Angier's burning theater, the walls lined with water tanks containing the corpses of his clones.
Cast
Hugh Jackman as Robert "The Great Danton" Angier / Lord Caldlow, an aristocratic magician. Nolan cast Jackman, stating that Angier "has a wonderful understanding of the interaction between a performer and a live audience", a quality he believed Jackman possessed.[4] Jackman based his portrayal of Angier on 1950s-era magician Channing Pollock.[5] Jackman also portrays Gerald Root, an alcoholic double used for Angier's New Transported Man.
Christian Bale as Alfred "The Professor" Borden / Frederick Borden / Bernard Fallon, a working-class magician. While Nolan had previously cast Bale as Batman in Batman Begins (2005), he did not consider Bale for the role of Borden until Bale contacted him about the script. Nolan subsequently believed that Bale was "exactly right" for the part and that it was "unthinkable" for anyone else to play it.[4] Nolan suggested that the actors not read the original novel, but Bale ignored the advice.[6]
Michael Caine as John Cutter, the stage engineer (ingénieur) who works with Angier and Borden. Caine had previously collaborated with Nolan and Bale in Batman Begins. Nolan noted that the part had been written "before I'd ever met" Caine.[4] Caine described Cutter as "a teacher, a father, and a guide to Angier". In trying to create the character's nuanced portrait, Caine altered his voice and posture.[7]
Scarlett Johansson as Olivia Wenscombe, Angier and Borden's assistant. Nolan was "very keen" for Johansson to play the role, and when he met with her to discuss it, "she just loved the character".[4]
Piper Perabo as Julia McCullough, Milton the Magician's assistant and Angier's wife.
Rebecca Hall as Sarah Borden, Borden's wife. Hall had to relocate from North London to Los Angeles in order to shoot the film, although the film itself takes place in London.
David Bowie as Nikola Tesla, the real-life inventor who creates a teleportation device for Angier. For Tesla, Nolan wanted someone who was not necessarily a film star but was "extraordinarily charismatic". Nolan stated that Bowie "was really the only guy I had in mind to play Tesla because his function in the story is a small but very important role".[4] Nolan contacted Bowie, who initially turned down the part. A lifelong fan, Nolan flew out to New York to pitch the role to Bowie in person, telling him no one else could possibly play the part;[8] Bowie accepted after a few minutes.[4]
Andy Serkis as Mr. Alley, Tesla's assistant. Serkis said he played Alley with the belief that he was "once a corporation man who got excited by this maverick, Tesla, so jumped ship and went with the maverick". Serkis described Alley as a "gatekeeper", a "conman", and "a mirror image of Michael Caine's character." Serkis, a big fan of Bowie, said he was enjoyable to work with, describing him as "very unassuming, very down to earth... very at ease with himself and funny."[9]
Ricky Jay as Milton the Magician, an older magician who employs Angier and Borden at the beginning of their careers. Jay and Michael Weber trained Jackman and Bale for their roles with brief instruction in various stage illusions. The magicians gave the actors limited information, allowing them to know enough to pull off a scene.[6]
Roger Rees as Owens, a solicitor working for Lord Caldlow.
W. Morgan Sheppard as Merrit, the owner of a theater where Angier initially performs.
Samantha Mahurin as Jess Borden, the daughter of Borden and Sarah.
Daniel Davis as the judge presiding over Borden's trial.
Chao-Li Chi as Chung Ling Soo, a Chinese magician who disguises his great physical strength by pretending to be elderly and frail in all public appearances.
Production
Julian Jarrold's and Sam Mendes' producer approached Christopher Priest for an adaptation of his novel The Prestige. Priest was impressed with Christopher Nolan's films Following and Memento,[10] and subsequently, producer Valerie Dean brought the book to Nolan's attention.[11] In October 2000, Nolan traveled to the United Kingdom to publicize Memento, as Newmarket Films was having difficulty finding a United States distributor. While in London, Nolan read Priest's book and shared the story with his brother Jonathan while walking around in Highgate (a location later featured in the scene where Angier ransoms Borden's stage engineer in Highgate Cemetery). The development process for The Prestige began as a reversal of their earlier collaboration: Jonathan Nolan had pitched his initial story for Memento to his brother during a road trip.[12]
A year later, the option on the book became available and was purchased by Aaron Ryder of Newmarket Films.[11][12] In late 2001, Nolan became busy with the post-production of Insomnia, and asked his brother to help work on the script.[12] The writing process was a long collaboration between the Nolan brothers, occurring intermittently over a period of five years.[13] In the script, the Nolans emphasized the magic of the story through the dramatic narrative, playing down the visual depiction of stage magic. The three-act screenplay was deliberately structured around the three elements of the film's illusion: the pledge, the turn, and the prestige. "It took a long time to figure out how to achieve cinematic versions of the very literary devices that drive the intrigue of the story," Christopher Nolan told Variety: "The shifting points of view, the idea of journals within journals and stories within stories. Finding the cinematic equivalents of those literary devices was very complex."[14] Although the film is thematically faithful to the novel, two major changes were made to the plot structure during the adaptation process: the novel's spiritualism subplot was removed, and the modern-day frame story was replaced with Borden's wait for the gallows.[11] Priest approved of the adaptation, describing it as "an extraordinary and brilliant script, a fascinating adaptation of my novel."[11]
The historic Tower Theatre in Los Angeles was used as the location for the Pantages Theatre in London
In early 2003, Nolan planned to direct the film before the production of Batman Begins accelerated.[6][16] Following the release of Batman Begins, Nolan started up the project again, negotiating with Jackman and Bale in October 2005.[17]Josh Hartnett pitched Nolan for a role.[18] While the screenplay was still being written, production designer Nathan Crowley began the set design process in Nolan's garage, employing a "visual script" consisting of scale models, images, drawings, and notes. Jonathan and Christopher Nolan finished the final shooting draft on January 13, 2006, and began production three days later on January 16. Filming ended on April 9.[19]
Crowley and his crew searched Los Angeles for almost 70 locations that resembled fin de siècle London.[15] Jonathan Nolan visited Colorado Springs to research Nikola Tesla and based the electric-bulb scene on actual experiments Tesla conducted.[12] Nathan Crowley helped design the scene for Tesla's invention; It was shot in the parking lot of the Mount Wilson Observatory.[15] Influenced by a "Victorian modernist aesthetic," Crowley chose four locations in the Broadway theater district in downtown Los Angeles for the film's stage magic performances: the Los Angeles Theatre, the Palace Theatre, the Los Angeles Belasco, and the Tower Theatre.[20] Crowley also turned a portion of the Universal back lot into Victorian London.[21]Osgood Castle in Colorado was also used as a location.[22]
Nolan built only one set for the film, an "under-the-stage section that houses the machinery that makes the larger illusions work,"[23] preferring to simply dress various Los Angeles locations and sound stages to stand in for Colorado and Victorian England.[24] In contrast to most period pieces, Nolan kept up the quick pace of production by shooting with handheld cameras,[24] and refrained from using artificial lighting in some scenes, relying instead on natural light on location.[6] Costume designer Joan Bergin chose attractive, modern Victorian fashions for Scarlett Johansson; cinematographer Wally Pfister captured the mood with soft earth tones as white and black colors provided background contrasts, bringing actors' faces to the foreground.[25] Editing, scoring, and mixing finished on September 22, 2006.[19]
The film score was written by English musician and composer David Julyan. Julyan had previously collaborated with director Christopher Nolan on Following (1998), Memento (2000), and Insomnia (2002). Following the film's narrative, the soundtrack has three sections: the Pledge, the Turn, and the Prestige.[26]
The rivalry between Angier and Borden dominates the film. Obsession, secrecy, and sacrifice fuel the battle, as both magicians contribute their fair share to a deadly duel of one-upmanship, with disastrous results. Angier's obsession with beating Borden costs him Cutter's friendship while providing him with a collection of his own dead clones; Borden's obsession with maintaining the secrecy of his twin leads Sarah to question their relationship, eventually resulting in her suicide when she suspects the truth. Angier and one of the twins both lose Olivia's love because of their inhumanity. Finally, Borden is hanged and the last copy of Angier shot. Their struggle is also expressed through class warfare: Borden as The Professor, a working-class magician who gets his hands dirty, versus Angier as The Great Danton, a classy, elitist showman whose accent makes him appear American.[29] Film critic Matt Brunson claimed that a complex theme of duality is exemplified by Angier and Borden, that the film chooses not to depict either magician as good or evil.[30]
Angier's theft of Borden's teleportation illusion in the film echoes many real-world examples of stolen tricks among magicians. Outside the film, similar rivalries include magicians John Nevil Maskelyne and Harry Kellar's dispute over a levitation illusion.[31] Gary Westfahl of Locus Online also notes a "new proclivity for mayhem" in the film over the novel, citing the murder/suicide disposition of Angier's duplicates and intensified violent acts of revenge and counter-revenge. This "relates to a more general alteration in the events and tone of the film" rather than significantly changing the underlying themes.[32]
Nor is this theme of cutthroat competition limited to sleight of hand: the script incorporates the popular notion that Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison were directly engaged in the war of the currents, a rivalry over electrical standards, which appears in the film in parallel to Angier and Borden's competition for magical supremacy.[33][34] In the novel, Tesla and Edison serve as foils for Angier and Borden, respectively.[35]
Den Shewman of Creative Screenwriting says the film asks how far one would go to devote oneself to an art. The character of Chung Ling Soo, according to Shewman, is a metaphor for this theme.[11] Film critic Alex Manugian refers to this theme as the "meaning of commitment."[36]
Nicolas Rapold of Film Comment addresses the points raised by Shewman and Manugian in terms of the film's "refracted take on Romanticism":
Angier's technological solution—which suggests art as a sacrifice, a phoenix-like death of the self—and Borden's more meat-and-potatoes form of stagecraft embodies the divide between the artist and the social being.[37]
For Manugian the central theme is "obsession," but he also notes the supporting themes of the "nature of deceit" and "science as magic." Manugian criticizes the Nolans for trying to "ram too many themes into the story."[36]
On review aggregatorRotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 77% based on 207 reviews, with an average rating of 7.1/10. The website's critics consensus reads, "Full of twists and turns, The Prestige is a dazzling period piece that never stops challenging the audience."[42]Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 66 out of 100, based on 36 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[43] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B" on an A+ to F scale.[44]
Claudia Puig of USA Today described the film as "one of the most innovative, twisting, turning art films of the past decade."[45] Drew McWeeny gave the film a glowing review, saying it demands repeat viewing,[46] with Peter Travers of Rolling Stone agreeing.[47] On At the Movies with Ebert and Roeper, Richard Roeper and guest critic A.O. Scott gave the film a "two thumbs up" rating.[48][49] Todd Gilchrist of IGN applauded the performances of Jackman and Bale whilst praising Nolan for making "this complex story as easily understandable and effective as he made the outwardly straightforward comic book adaptation (Batman Begins) dense and sophisticated ... any truly great performance is almost as much showmanship as it is actual talent, and Nolan possesses both in spades."[50]CNN.com and Village Voice film critic Tom Charity listed it among his best films of 2006.[51]Philip French of The Observer recommended the film, comparing the rivalry between the two main characters to that of Mozart and Salieri in the highly acclaimed Amadeus.[52]
On the other hand, Dennis Harvey of Variety criticized the film as gimmicky, though he felt the cast did well in underwritten roles.[53] Kirk Honeycutt of The Hollywood Reporter felt that characters "...are little more than sketches. Remove their obsessions, and the two magicians have little personality."[54] Nonetheless, the two reviewers praised David Bowie as Tesla, as well as the production values and cinematography. On a simpler note, Emanuel Levy has said: "Whether viewers perceive The Prestige as intricately complex or just unnecessarily complicated would depend to a large degree on their willingness to suspend disbelief for two hours." He gave the film a B grade.[55]
Roger Ebert gave the film three stars out of four, describing the revelation at the end as a "fundamental flaw" and a "cheat." He wrote, "The pledge of Nolan's The Prestige is that the film, having been metaphorically sawed in two, will be restored; it fails when it cheats, as, for example, if the whole woman produced on the stage were not the same one so unfortunately cut in two."[56]Christopher Priest, who wrote the novel the film is based on, saw it three times as of January 5, 2007, and his reaction was "'Well, holy shit.' I was thinking, 'God, I like that,' and 'Oh, I wish I'd thought of that.'"[57]
The film has grown in stature since its release.[58][59][60] In 2009, The A.V. Club named The Prestige as one of the best films of the 2000s.[61] The film was included in American Cinematographer's "Best-Shot Film of 1998-2008" list, ranking at 36. More than 17,000 people around the world participated in the final vote.[62] In 2020, Empire magazine ranked it among "The 100 Greatest Movies Of The 21st Century".[63]
Home media
The Region 1 disc is by Buena Vista Home Entertainment, and was released on February 20, 2007, and is available on DVD and Blu-ray formats.[64] The Warner Bros. Region 2 DVD was released on March 12, 2007.[65] It is also available in both BD and regionless HD DVD in Europe (before HD DVD was canceled). Special features are minimal, with the documentary Director's Notebook: The Prestige – Five Making-of Featurettes, running roughly twenty minutes combined, an art gallery and the trailer. Nolan did not contribute to a commentary as he felt the film primarily relied on an audience's reaction and did not want to remove the mystery from the story.[66]
↑ Toy, Sam (September 29, 2006). "Magic marker". Empire. p.137.
1 2 3 4 5 Shewman, Den. (September/October 2006). Nothing Up Their Sleeves: Christopher & Jonathan Nolan on the Art of Magic, Murder, and 'The Prestige'. Creative Screenwriting. Vol. 13:5.
↑ Cohen, David S. (December 18, 2006). "Adapted Screenplay". Variety.
1 2 3 Wada, Karen (February 1, 2007). "Tricked Out: How production designer Nathan Crowley transformed modern Los Angeles into Victorian London for The Prestige". Los Angeles Magazine. 52 (2): 94–97.
↑ Fleming, Mike (April 16, 2003). "Nolan wants 'Prestige'". Variety. Archived from the original on May 16, 2012. Retrieved March 4, 2007.
↑ Fleming, Mike; Cohen, David S. (October 2, 2005). "Meet the men of magic". Variety. Archived from the original on July 13, 2009. Retrieved March 5, 2007.
↑ Nolan, Christopher (Director) (October 17, 2006). The Prestige (Motion picture). USA: Touchstone Pictures. Event occurs at "Conjuring the Past" bonus feature. Archived from the original on February 7, 2007.
↑ Henriksen, Erik (October 19, 2006). "Ye Olde Dueling Magicians". The Portland Mercury. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved July 21, 2025.
↑ Harvey, Dennis (October 13, 2006). "The Prestige". Variety. Archived from the original on October 18, 2006. Retrieved October 15, 2006.
↑ Honeycutt, Kirk (October 16, 2006). "The Prestige". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on October 29, 2006. Retrieved October 15, 2006.
↑ Levy, Emanuel (October 15, 2006). "The Prestige". EmanuelLevy.com. Archived from the original on July 10, 2009. Retrieved October 15, 2006.
↑ Ebert, Roger (September 6, 2007). "The Prestige". Archived from the original on July 10, 2009. Retrieved July 18, 2024.
↑ Dawn, Randee (January 5, 2007). "Source material". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved January 31, 2012.
↑ Phipps, Keith; Robinson, Tasha; Rabin, Nathan; Tobias, Scott; Murray, Noel (December 3, 2009). "The best films of the '00s". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on July 12, 2013. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
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