Dunkirk (2017 film)

Last updated

Dunkirk
Dunkirk Film poster.jpg
Theatrical release poster
Directed by Christopher Nolan
Written byChristopher Nolan
Produced by
Starring
Cinematography Hoyte van Hoytema
Edited by Lee Smith
Music by Hans Zimmer
Production
companies
Distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures
Release dates
  • 13 July 2017 (2017-07-13)(Odeon Leicester Square)
  • 21 July 2017 (2017-07-21)(United Kingdom and United States)
Running time
106 minutes [3]
Countries
  • United Kingdom
  • United States
  • France
  • Netherlands
LanguageEnglish
Budget$100 million [nb 1]
Box office$530.4 million [12]

Dunkirk is a 2017 epic historical war thriller film written, directed, and co-produced by Christopher Nolan that depicts the Dunkirk evacuation of World War II from the perspectives of the land, sea, and air. It features an ensemble cast including Fionn Whitehead, Tom Glynn-Carney, Jack Lowden, Harry Styles in his feature film debut, Aneurin Barnard, James D'Arcy, Barry Keoghan, Kenneth Branagh, Cillian Murphy, Mark Rylance, and Tom Hardy.

Contents

The film portrays the evacuation with little dialogue, as Nolan sought instead to create suspense through cinematography and music. Filming began in May 2016 in Dunkirk and wrapped that September in Los Angeles, when post-production began. Cinematographer Hoyte van Hoytema shot the film on IMAX 65 mm and 65 mm large-format film stock. Dunkirk has extensive practical effects. It employed thousands of extras as well as historic boats from the evacuation, and period aeroplanes.

Distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, Dunkirk premiered at Odeon Leicester Square in London, a few days before its release in the United Kingdom and United States on 21 July 2017. It grossed $527 million worldwide, making it the highest-grossing World War II film until it was surpassed by Nolan's Oppenheimer (2023). Dunkirk received praise for its screenplay, direction, editing, score, sound design and cinematography; some critics called it Nolan's best work, and one of the greatest war films as well as one of the greatest movies of the 2010s. [13] [14] [15] It received various accolades, including eight nominations at the 90th Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director. It went on to win for Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing, and Best Film Editing.

Plot

In 1940, during the Battle of France, Allied soldiers retreat to Dunkirk encircled by the enemy. Tommy flees through the perimeter held by French troops to the beach, where thousands await evacuation, and helps Gibson to bury a body. After Luftwaffe dive-bombers attack, they attempt to board a hospital ship at the single, vulnerable mole available for embarking on deep-draft ships, by rushing a wounded man on a stretcher but are ordered off. They overhear Commander Bolton, Colonel Winnant and a Rear Admiral discuss the best way to get their army evacuated. The ship is sunk by dive bombers; Tommy saves a Highlanders regiment soldier, Alex. The three board a destroyer, but it is hit by a torpedo before it can depart; Gibson saves Tommy and Alex as the ship sinks, and they return to the beach.

The Royal Navy requisitions civilian vessels in England to get to Dunkirk. In Weymouth, civilian sailor Dawson, with his son Peter, set out in his boat Moonstone, rather than let the Navy commandeer her. Their teenage hand George joins them on impulse. In the English Channel, they save a shivering shell-shocked soldier from a ship destroyed by a U-boat. Realising that Dawson is going for Dunkirk, the soldier panics and Peter locks him up. The soldier escapes, urging they turn back and tries to wrest control of the boat; in the scuffle, he elbows George who suffers a head injury that blinds him; as the soldier dwells on his actions, George reveals to Peter he came hoping to do something noteworthy. Three Royal Air Force Spitfires fly towards Dunkirk, to provide cover for the evacuation, limited to one hour of operation by their fuel supply. They engage in a dogfight with an enemy fighter. One of the pilots, Farrier, has his fuel gauge smashed by another fighter. He and the second Spitfire pilot, Collins, determine that their leader has gone down and fly on. The crew of the Moonstone witness the two RAF pilots protect a minesweeper from a bomber: Collins’s Spitfire is hit by a fighter and he ditches. Although trapped in his canopy as the plane sinks, Collins is saved by Peter.

Tommy, Alex and Gibson and Highlanders soldiers hide in a grounded trawler in the intertidal zone outside the perimeter, waiting for the rising tide. After its Dutch sailor returns, Germans start shooting at the boat for target practice, and water enters through the bullet holes. Alex, attempting to lighten the boat, accuses Gibson, who has been silent, of being a German spy. Gibson reveals he is French; he took the identity of the British soldier he buried. The group abandons the sinking boat, but Gibson is entangled in a chain and drowns. Farrier chooses to continue aiding the evacuation, despite realising that he will never make it home. The destroyer is bombed and sinks, as Moonstone manoeuvres to save men in the water, including Alex, as the shivering soldier starts helping. Peter finds George is dead; asked by the shivering soldier, he says George will be fine. Farrier shoots the bomber down; its crash ignites oil on the water, but Peter saves Tommy. Farrier reaches Dunkirk just as his fuel runs out. Gliding, he shoots down a dive-bomber approaching the mole, and is cheered on by the troops. Farrier lands his Spitfire on the beach beyond the perimeter, burns it and calmly awaits capture. Dawson has the boat evade aerial attack, using a technique taught by his deceased elder son, a pilot lost at the start of the war.

With 300,000 men successfully evacuated, Commander Bolton stays to oversee the French evacuation. In Weymouth, the shivering soldier sees George's body and exchanges a glance with Dawson, as he and Collins depart. Tommy and Alex board a train with other soldiers and are heralded by the public at Woking. Tommy reads Churchill's address, encouraging Britain to fight on. Peter arranges for the media to eulogise George.

Cast

Production

Development

The empathy for the characters has nothing to do with their story. I did not want to go through the dialogue, tell the story of my characters ... The problem is not who they are, who they pretend to be or where they come from. The only question I was interested in was: Will they get out of it? Will they be killed by the next bomb while trying to join the mole? Or will they be crushed by a boat while crossing?

— Christopher Nolan [16]

Director Christopher Nolan conceived the film in the mid-1990s, [17] when he and his future wife Emma Thomas sailed across the English Channel, following the path of many small boats in the Dunkirk evacuation. [18] [19] Nolan considered improvising the entire film instead of writing a script, but Thomas convinced him otherwise. [20] In 2015, [18] Nolan wrote a 76-page screenplay, [16] [18] [21] which was about half the length of his usual scripts [22] and his shortest to date. [23] [24] Its precise structure necessitated fictional characters, rather than ones based on eyewitnesses. [25]

The story is told from three perspectives—land (one week of action), sea (one day of action) and air (one hour of action). [26] Nolan structured the film from the point of view of the characters, intending to use visuals rather than dialogue and backstory. [27] [28] He wanted to incorporate throughout the film what he calls his "snowballing effect," where several seemingly disparate storylines connect, that he had previously used only in the third acts of his other films. [21] Nolan said that he approached research as though it were for a documentary, [29] and was attracted to the subject matter because of its inversion of the "Hollywood formula", depicting a military retreat centered on the Franco-British forces in place of the typical heroic narrative of victorious Americans. [23]

Nolan postponed Dunkirk until he had acquired sufficient experience directing large-scale action films. [25] To convey the perspective of soldiers on the beach, for whom contact with the enemy was "extremely limited and intermittent", he did not show Germans on screen (several Germans who take Farrier prisoner are out of focus). [30] He omitted scenes with Winston Churchill and generals in war rooms, as he did not want to get "bogged down in the politics of the situation". [31] Nolan showed key members of the crew eleven films that had inspired him: All Quiet on the Western Front (1930), The Wages of Fear (1953), Alien (1979), Speed (1994), Unstoppable (2010), Greed (1924), Sunrise (1927), Ryan's Daughter (1970), The Battle of Algiers (1966), Chariots of Fire (1981) and Foreign Correspondent (1940)—only two of which are war films. [18] [32] The historical consultant was author Joshua Levine, [23] [33] who also wrote the book adaptation, Dunkirk: The History Behind the Major Motion Picture. [34] Levine accompanied Nolan while interviewing veterans. [19] [35] [36] During these interviews, Nolan was told a story of soldiers seen walking into the sea in desperation, which he incorporated into the screenplay. [35]

The production team and scouting locations were chosen before Nolan and Thomas solicited Warner Bros. Pictures to make the film. [18] Nolan and his production designer Nathan Crowley toured the beach of Dunkirk while location scouting, and decided to film there despite the logistical challenges, [23] discarding Suffolk as an alternative. Crowley set up a makeshift art department in Nolan's old garage, as is tradition, and colourised black-and-white photographs to better understand the visual representation. The design aesthetic was made to look as contemporary as possible. [18] [37] Hoyte van Hoytema, who had previously collaborated with Nolan on Interstellar , was chosen as the director of photography. [38] The Hollywood Reporter stated that Nolan made a deal with Warner Bros. to receive a $20 million salary plus 20% of the box office gross; [39] however, Vanity Fair reported that Nolan agreed to a low upfront salary in exchange for a large backend percentage. [40]

Pre-production began in January 2016. [18] For the uniforms, costume designer Jeffrey Kurland aimed to balance historical accuracy with aesthetics that would favour the film stock. As the original heavy wool fabric had not been produced since 1940, it was made from scratch, tailored for the main cast and over a thousand extras. Uniforms were made in a factory in Pakistan and the boots by a shoemaker in Mexico. The costume department then spent three weeks ageing them at Longcross Studios. Each garment was made to look distinct in regiment and personality: Tommy wears a large greatcoat, while Alex dons the Highlander cut. Kurland found references at museums, in contemporary magazines, photo archives and books. The mole was rebuilt over four months from the original blueprints. [nb 2] Sand was brought from Dunkirk to create make-up consistent with the environment. Oil and tar were specially made and prosthetics were water and fire resistant. [17]

Casting

After first-hand accounts of the evacuation revealed how young and inexperienced the soldiers had been, [42] Nolan decided to cast young and unknown actors for the beach setting. [43] He was also adamant that all of the cast be British. [23] [nb 3] John Papsidera and Toby Whale were the casting directors for Dunkirk. [18] Tom Hardy, Kenneth Branagh and Mark Rylance were in talks to join the ensemble as supporting characters in late 2015. [45] [46] Fionn Whitehead was cast as the lead in March 2016, [47] while Jack Lowden, Aneurin Barnard and Harry Styles were added shortly after. [48] [49] Cillian Murphy joined the following month. [50] James D'Arcy, Barry Keoghan and Tom Glynn-Carney were included later that May. [51] [52]

Michael Caine had a voice cameo role as Fortis Leader, as a nod to his role in the film Battle of Britain (1969). [29] [53] According to D'Arcy and Nolan, Winnant and Bolton act as a Greek chorus to give the audience context. [18] Whitehead went through a secretive auditioning process lasting several months. [54] His character was named after the slang term for the ordinary British soldier. [55] Styles was cast for his "old fashioned face", as stated by Nolan. [56] He won the role after auditioning against hundreds of candidates, [23] when Nolan was unaware of his renown as a singer. [57] Murphy spoke to Nolan and read about the psychological trauma the soldiers endured, to understand his character's PTSD. [58] Nolan chose Rylance for his work in the theatre and performance in Wolf Hall . [18] As research, Rylance piloted his character's boat every day, [23] listened to audio recordings at the Imperial War Museum, [59] and read accounts of men like Mr Dawson. [18] Between takes, he encouraged rehearsal through improvised scenes. [25] The principal cast members did their own stunts. [60] John Nolan, uncle of Christopher, played Blind Man. [61] Will Attenborough played the Second Lieutenant who orders Tommy and Gibson off the hospital ship. [62]

Filming

Moonstone during filming with Nolan, Rylance, Glynn-Carney and Keoghan on board Le Moonstone du film Dunkirk.jpg
Moonstone during filming with Nolan, Rylance, Glynn-Carney and Keoghan on board

Principal photography commenced on 23 May 2016 in Dunkirk, planned so as to avoid Bastille Day and coincide with the dates of the real evacuation. [17] [63] [nb 4] Production continued for four weeks in Urk, Netherlands, [17] [65] [66] [nb 5] one week in Swanage and Weymouth in Dorset, United Kingdom, [17] [68] and for two weeks at the Point Vicente Interpretive Center and Lighthouse in Rancho Palos Verdes, California, United States. [17] [69] [nb 6]

Maille-Breze at the port of Dunkirk during filming MailleBreze FilmDunkirk.JPG
Maillé-Brézé at the port of Dunkirk during filming

Filming in Dunkirk took place at the location of the real evacuation, [33] while the street scenes were shot in nearby Malo-les-Bains because most of the buildings in Dunkirk were destroyed in the war. [70] Shooting times on the beach and mole were determined by tidal patterns. French labour strikes and regulations also affected the schedule. [17]

To minimise the need for computer-generated imagery (CGI), cardboard cut-out props of soldiers and military vehicles created the illusion of a large army. [71] Real or scale-model fighter aircraft, and real warships and private boats, provided realism that could not be achieved from CGI. [72] Scale models were created via 3D printing. The mole set was frequently rebuilt after being damaged by bad weather. Because French authorities had prohibited pyrotechnic charges to protect marine life, air cannons were used instead. [17] Six thousand extras were needed in France. [71] [73]

Early scenes of the film were shot at Weymouth harbour, and the final scenes at Swanage railway station. [17] Universal Pictures' Falls Lake studio in Los Angeles was used for interior and exterior sets of a sinking ship and plane, with the ship interiors filmed in a water tank using stuntmen. [17] [33] To get acclimatised to cold water scenes, Styles and Whitehead underwent training sessions at Point Dume. [17]

MLV Castor was modified to resemble HMS Basilisk. MLV Castor - Port of Rotterdam.jpg
MLV Castor was modified to resemble HMS Basilisk.

Crowley and marine coordinator Neil Andrea located nearly sixty ships, [18] [72] which Nolan had reconditioned for the shoot. [33] [74] These included the retired French Navy destroyer Maillé-Brézé, [75] which was made to look like a 1940 British warship [23] as there were no wartime British destroyers left with working engines. [18] Three retired Royal Netherlands Navy ships were also used: the minesweeper HNLMS Naaldwijk portrayed HMS Britomart, HNLMS Sittard portrayed HMS Havant and HMS Jaguar, and MLV Castor (a Royal Netherlands Navy armed pilot vessel) portrayed HMS Basilisk. [76] [77] The motor torpedo boat MTB 102 and the 1930s Norwegian steamer Rogaland were also used. [18] [78] Over fifty other boats included twenty actual Little Ships of Dunkirk, piloted by their owners. [18] A small 1930s motor yacht called Moonstone served for six weeks of filming; its most demanding scenes, with up to sixty people on a boat designed for fewer than ten, were shot on the Dutch lake IJsselmeer [23] [33] [72] to avoid the challenge of the Dunkirk tides. [17]

One of the Spitfires repainted for the film Supermarine Spitfire Vb 'R9649 - LC' (G-CISV - EP122) (35522161724).jpg
One of the Spitfires repainted for the film
HA-1112 Buchon in 2015, which was used in the film Hispano HA.1112M1L Buchon '-+10' (G-BWUE) (22723895345).jpg
HA-1112 Buchón in 2015, which was used in the film
The Aerostar Yak-52TW N699DP in 2016, which was modified to resemble a Spitfire for the film Yakolev Yak52TW 'N699DP' (26134347593).jpg
The Aerostar Yak-52TW N699DP in 2016, which was modified to resemble a Spitfire for the film

Aircraft were equipped with dual cockpits for filming in flight. [81] A Yakovlev Yak-52TW [65] [82] was modified to resemble a Supermarine Spitfire, [17] [83] and two Supermarine Spitfire Mark IAs, a Spitfire Mark VB, and a Hispano Buchon painted to look like a Messerschmitt Bf 109E, were also used for the combat scenes, flying to Urk from Lelystad Airport. Large-scale radio-controlled model aircraft were filmed crashing into the English Channel. [23] [79] The real Spitfires were provided by the Imperial War Museum Duxford, [18] and owner Dan Friedkin piloted the one that was filmed landing on the beach in Dunkirk. [84] [ failed verification ] These takes had to be done within forty-five minutes, before the tide came back in. [17] IMAX cameras were attached to the fighter planes using specially made snorkel and periscope lenses—in the back and the front [17] [23] [33] —and large-scale mockups were submerged with cable rigs for a crash scene. [33] Scroggins Aviation and Gateguards UK performed period aviation reconstruction. [85] Aerospatiale Ecureuil G-WHST, with IMAX cameras front, and a Piper Aerostar enabled filming from the air, also with IMAX cameras front and rear. Dogfights over the Channel were shot by an aerial unit based at Lee-on-Solent Airfield and one at Lelystad Airport in the Netherlands. [17] Hardy and Lowden spent the final stages of the shooting schedule on a cliffside in Palos Verdes, inside purpose-built cockpit gimbals, with limited contact with the rest of the cast and crew. [17] [18] [33] [86] Dunkirk wrapped on 2 September 2016, after sixty-eight days. [17]

The film was shot in natural lighting [87] using both IMAX 65 mm and 65 mm large format film stock in Panavision System 65, [45] [88] with more IMAX footage than in any of Nolan's previous films [89] —an estimated seventy-five per cent. [23] The sparsity of dialogue made it possible for IMAX cameras, which are notoriously noisy, to be used as the primary format. [17] Panavision and IMAX lenses enabled filming at night. [25] For the first time in a feature film, IMAX cameras were used hand-held, [90] which Steven Spielberg and Ron Howard advised as the best way to shoot on vessels. [35]

Post-production

Nolan's regular collaborator Lee Smith returned to edit Dunkirk, [25] beginning in September 2016 [17] after Smith had assembled shots unsupervised while filming was still in progress. [91] Editing took place in Los Angeles with an audio mixing team of eight people. [23] Nolan singled out the editing of the aerial sequences as a particular challenge, [91] likening this to a chess game. [22] Limited computer-generated imagery was applied to improve some scenes, but none consisted entirely of CGI. [91] Weather continuity presented less of a challenge than was expected, with filming both in Europe and California. At least ten to fifteen feature-length versions were cut to further refine the dramatic impact. [17] [92] Once a cut was completed, only then did they apply music. [93]

Post-production had fifty-four hours of raw footage to work with. [41] The only usable sounds from production recordings were voices—everything else was recreated. [94] Sound designer Richard King sent two sound mixers to audio record the Spitfires at the Imperial War Museum Duxford using twenty-four microphones. Unable to find an actual dive siren of a Stuka dive bomber, King reverse engineered one from old photographs in an attempt to replicate the sound. For scenes in which ships gave out sounds of people in distress, voices were captured using an ADR "loop group". C-4 and liquid propane were blown up to record sound for the explosions. Also featured were the whistles attributed to German bombs during the Second World War. [17] [41] Bomb noises were made to increase in pitch the closer they got to impact, to stay true to reality. [94] Double Negative undertook the visual effects work. FotoKem, the film laboratory, also handled the release prints. [95]

Music

Hans Zimmer began working on the score in 2016, [96] continued for eleven months, and eventually created a 100-minute demo. [97] For intensity, the script was written to accommodate the auditory illusion of a Shepard tone, which had previously been explored in Nolan's 2006 film The Prestige . This was coupled with the sound of Nolan's own pocket watch, which he recorded and sent to Zimmer to be synthesised. [91] [98] Zimmer also heightens the tension with subtle Risset rhythms throughout the entire movie—seemingly endless increases in tempo [99] (however, these effects were removed for the official soundtrack release). Additional music was provided by Lorne Balfe, Andrew Kawczynski, Steve Mazzaro and Benjamin Wallfisch. [100] [101]

"Nimrod" from Edward Elgar's Enigma Variations is part of the theme, [102] [103] which was slowed down to six beats per minute with added bass notes to avoid it sounding sentimental. Instrumentation included a double bass and fourteen cellos played in high register. King relayed to Zimmer the sound of a boat engine, which served as a reference for the tempo. [101] Zimmer visited the Dunkirk set for inspiration, taking back a jar of sand, [104] and chose not to view raw footage whilst composing. [17] The music was recorded at AIR Lyndhurst Hall with mix engineer Geoff Foster. [17] [105]

Release

The world premiere was on 13 July 2017 at Odeon Leicester Square in London. [106] [107] The film was theatrically released on 21 July, [108] projected on IMAX 70mm, digital, 70 mm and 35 mm film. [109] It is the fourth Nolan film to be released in the third week of July, a period in which Warner Bros. Pictures has previously achieved success. [110] It was Nolan's preference that the film opened in July instead of the northern-hemisphere autumn awards season. [111] The film was initially screened in 125 theatres in 70 mm, [112] [113] [114] the widest release in that format in twenty-five years. [115]

Dunkirk received a special IMAX screening at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival, the first Nolan film to appear at the festival since Following , nineteen years earlier. This screening also coincided with the 50th anniversary of IMAX. [116] After its original release of 126 days, [12] the film was re-released in fifty IMAX and 70 mm theatres on 1 December, expanding to 250 additional cities in January 2018. [117]

Home media

Dunkirk was released digitally on 12 December 2017, and on 4K, Blu-ray and DVD on 18 December 2017 in the United Kingdom and 19 December 2017 in the United States. [118] [119]

Marketing

The announcement teaser debuted in cinemas ahead of Suicide Squad [120] and was released online on 4 August 2016. [121] According to data analytics firm ListenFirst Media, it generated the most Twitter engagement of any trailer released that week. [122] The first full-length trailer was released on 14 December 2016, [123] alongside a five-minute [124] cinema-exclusive prologue shown before selected IMAX screenings of Rogue One: A Star Wars Story. [125] Dunkirk was the most discussed film that week according to media measurement firm Comscore. [126] The prologue returned for a week before selected IMAX showings of Kong: Skull Island . [127] Footage from the film was well received at CinemaCon 2017. [128]

Warner Bros. aired a TV spot to coincide with the 2017 US national basketball playoffs. [129] The official trailer was released on 5 May 2017, after a countdown on the film's website [130] [131] and four 15-second teasers leading up to it. [132] Dunkirk was again the most discussed film that week according to ComScore. [133] The video game developer Wargaming included in its titles World of Tanks , World of Warships and World of Warplanes missions and rewards related to the film. [134] On 6 July, Warner Bros. released another trailer, which for the third time was the most discussed film of the week. [135] The prologue was shown at selected Wonder Woman IMAX screenings in July. [136] [137] It also toured three European countries with a mobile cinema. [138]

Sue Kroll, president of Warner Bros. Worldwide Marketing and Distribution, said that it was important that Dunkirk be marketed as a summer event movie as opposed to a period war film, to highlight its "magnificent scale and originality". This strategy was maintained throughout the campaign. To convince audiences that the film was best experienced in theatres, the prologue was never made available online. TV spots were distributed sporadically during sports games and notable television series to establish the film's themes. Social media infographics described the scale and importance of the Dunkirk evacuation. Additionally, a Google 360 Experience interactive adventure, an Amazon Alexa programme and a 360-degree short film, were created. In partnership with fast food restaurant Carl's Jr., the film was branded on four million cups, as well as pop-ups at nearly 3,000 locations. [132] Research saw the film appeal to twenty per cent of infrequent moviegoers. [139]

Reception

Box office

Dunkirk grossed $188 million in the United States and Canada, and $337 million in other countries, for a worldwide total of $525 million, against a production budget of $100–150 million. [12] [140] Globally, it became the highest-grossing World War II film (not adjusting for inflation) at the time, surpassing Saving Private Ryan 's $482 million, [141] [142] until it was surpassed by Nolan's own Oppenheimer in 2023. [143]

In the United States and Canada, industry tracking for the opening weekend ranged from Variety's $30–40 million [144] to Deadline Hollywood 's $35 million, [137] while BoxOffice speculated an opening weekend of $55 million, [145] and IndieWire $50 million and $500 million worldwide. [146] Dunkirk made $19.8 million on its first day, including $5.5 million from preview screenings. It went on to finish first at the box office with $50.1 million, marking the third-largest opening for a World War II film (behind Captain America: The First Avenger 's $62.1 million and Pearl Harbor's $59.1 million), as well as the fourth-largest of Nolan's career. [111] In its second weekend, it grossed $26.6 million (a drop of 44.3%), beating newcomer The Emoji Movie to the top spot. [111] The film grossed $17.1 million in its third weekend, second to newcomer The Dark Tower ($19.2 million), [111] and was again second in its fourth week, behind Annabelle: Creation with $10.9 million. [111]

The film opened in France on 19 July 2017, and made $2.2 million on its first day. It was released in seven markets the following day, earning an additional $6.3 million, and on 21 July in forty-six more countries, grossing $12.7 million from over ten thousand theatres, including $3.7 million from the United Kingdom. [147] The international debut totalled $55.4 million, including $4.9 million in France, $12.4 million in the UK and $10.3 million in Korea. [148] The film remained number one in the United Kingdom for five weeks. [149] It opened in China on 1 September [150] in the top spot, [151] grossing $30 million from its weekend debut. [152] Its opening weekend in Japan earned $2.9 million from 444 screens. [153]

Critical response

Some critics called Dunkirk Nolan's best film to date [154] and one of the greatest war films ever made. [155] [156] [157] On the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 92% based on 472 reviews, with an average rating of 8.7/10. The website's critical consensus reads "Dunkirk serves up emotionally satisfying spectacle, delivered by a writer-director in full command of his craft and brought to life by a gifted ensemble cast that honors the fact-based story." [158] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 94 out of 100 based on reviews from 53 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". [159] According to MRQE, it has an average rating of 86/100, based on 128 critics. [160] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale, while PostTrak reported filmgoers gave it an 88% overall positive score, with 63% saying they would recommend it. [111] The Guardian ranked the film at No. 13 on their list of "The 50 top films of 2017". [161] The Independent named it the 7th-best film of the year. [162] Time magazine included the film on its "Top 10 movies of 2017" list. [163]

Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian awarded the film five out of five and called it Nolan's best to date, saying that he "surrounds his audience with chaos and horror from the outset, and amazing images and dazzlingly accomplished set pieces on a huge 70 mm screen, particularly the pontoon crammed with soldiers extending into the churning sea, exposed to enemy aircraft". [164] Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter also lauded the film, calling it "an impressionist masterpiece" that was "deeply moving" but without "manufactured sentimentality or false heroics". He also praised the score, which "enormously strengthens the film" and "incorporates both sound and music to extraordinary effect". [165] Peter Debruge of Variety praised the plot (although calling Zimmer's score "bombastic"), writing: "[Nolan has] delivered all the spectacle of a big-screen tentpole, ratcheting up both the tension and heroism through his intricate and occasionally overwhelming sound design". [1] Manohla Dargis of The New York Times described the film as a "tour de force of cinematic craft and technique" and lauded Nolan's elastic approach to narrative. [166] She named Dunkirk "the best film of 2017". [167] Mick LaSalle of the San Francisco Chronicle called it a "triumph" and "masterpiece", commending Nolan's unique approach to directing a war film. [168] The Economist labelled Dunkirk "a remarkable film" and a new classic. [169] Richard Roeper of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film four out of four and said it was one of the best war movies of the decade, describing it as "tight, gripping, deeply involving and unforgettable ... triumph in filmmaking". [170] Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly gave the film an "A", calling it the best of 2017: "By the end of Dunkirk, what stands out the most isn't its inspirational message or everyday heroism. It's the small indelible, unshakeable images that accumulate like the details in the corner of a mural". [171]

Robbie Collin of The Daily Telegraph gave the film five out of five, lauding it as "a work of heart-hammering intensity and grandeur". [172] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone awarded it his first four-star rating of 2017 as "maybe the greatest war film ever", adding: "There's little doubt that [Nolan] has, without sentimentality or sanctimony, raised [the survival film] genre to the level of art ... with the resonant force of an enduring screen classic". He also called it the first major Oscar contender of the year. [173] Michael Medved awarded it four out of four and called Hardy's performance "outstanding", and the action "seamless", declaring: "This is not only the best WWII movie since Saving Private Ryan, it is very simply one of the greatest war movies ever made". [174] Matt Zoller Seitz of RogerEbert.com gave it a score of three and a half out of four, despite not liking the film, stating that he "loathed parts of it and found other parts repetitious or half-baked. But, maybe paradoxically, I admired it throughout, and have been thinking about it constantly". [175] Jacques Mandelbaum of Le Monde praised the film's realism, but was disappointed that it ignores the part played by French troops. [176] Kevin Maher in The Times gave it two out of five, saying: "[Dunkirk] is 106 clamorous minutes of big-screen bombast that's so concerned with its own spectacle and scale that it neglects to deliver the most crucial element—drama." He also suggested that Dunkirk felt like a Call of Duty video game. [177] David Cox of The Guardian felt the film had historical inaccuracies, a paucity of female characters, small scale, a thinly characterised cast and lack of suspense. [178] In the London Review of Books , Michael Wood compared it to the films of Luis Buñuel and commended Zimmer's soundtrack as an effective match to the film. [179]

In 2018, a poll of 150 actors, directors, writers, producers and critics for Time Out magazine saw it ranked among the "100 Best British Films" of all time. [180] The same year, The Washington Post named Dunkirk as one of the "23 best films of the 2000s". [181] Rolling Stone, Total Film and Quentin Tarantino classified it as one of the best films of the 2010s. [13] [14] [15]

Accolades

The film received the Best Editing award at the 23rd Critics' Choice Awards, and seven further nominations: for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Acting Ensemble, Best Cinematography, Best Visual Effects, Best Score, and Best Production Design. [182] [183] It also won the Best Sound award at the 71st British Academy Film Awards as well as seven nominations: for Best Film, Best Direction, Best Original Music, Best Cinematography, Best Editing, Best Production Design and Best Special Visual Effects. [184] [185] At the 75th Golden Globe Awards, it received three nominations, for Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Director and Best Original Score. [186] At the 90th Academy Awards, it was awarded Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing and Best Film Editing, with five further nominations for Best Picture, Best Director, [nb 7] Best Cinematography, Best Original Score and Best Production Design. [188]

Historical accuracy

The film was noted for its generally realistic representation of the historical evacuation. It accurately depicts a few Royal Air Force aeroplanes dogfighting the Luftwaffe over the sea, limited to one hour of operation by their fuel capacity. The combat, however, is portrayed at much lower altitude than the reality. Destroyers and fighter aircraft were indeed held back from battle, as the Royal Navy and Air Force would have been the sole defenders against invasion. There was indeed a temporary withdrawal of destroyers during the early stages after considerable losses; however, an appeal to the Admiralty by Admiral Ramsay reversed that decision. Also noted were the accurate depictions of how a small boat evaded aerial attack, and of how soldiers returning to England saw a civilian population largely unaware of or unaffected by the war. [189] [190] British officers did initially refuse to evacuate French soldiers, although Churchill later insisted that the French be evacuated alongside the British. [189] The realism of the film was acknowledged by Dunkirk veterans, although Branagh said that some thought it was "louder than the battle". [191]

Hispano Buchon masquerading as a Bf 109E, wearing a temporary paint scheme for the film Hispano HA.1112M1L Buchon 'Black 2' (G-AWHK) (36053481566).jpg
Hispano Buchón masquerading as a Bf 109E, wearing a temporary paint scheme for the film

The characters and the storyline are fictional; Commander Bolton is a composite of several real men, including Commander James Campbell Clouston (the lack of an actual depiction of Clouston drew criticism following the film's release, and attention was drawn to honour him for his role in the evacuation) [192] [193] [194] [195] [196] and Captain Bill Tennant. [197] Dawson is inspired by Charles Lightoller, the second officer of the Titanic and the most senior crewmember who survived the sinking, who took his yacht Sundowner to the evacuation. [198] [199] [200] The character of Collins is analogous to the experiences of Spitfire pilot Jack Potter, with Collins's ditching partly inspired by that of Eric Barwell in his Defiant. Some media outlets suggested Farrier was inspired by Alan Deere. [201] [202] [203] [204] When the beach scenes were shot, the weather was worse than during the real evacuation; Nolan explained that this helped to understand the danger faced by the pleasure boats. [205] In one scene, a non-commissioned officer gives a salute without wearing his military beret, which a veteran pointed out as inaccurate protocol. [81] Noses of German planes were not actually painted yellow until after the evacuation; this was done to differentiate the German planes. Contemporary shots were used for aerial views of the town, whereas Dunkirk was in ruins by the time of the evacuation. The design of the airborne leaflet propaganda was similar to those used in 1940, although the originals were not in colour. [189] The destroyer that is bombed and sunk represents HMS Keith . [198]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The Netherlands Film Fund reported a budget of $120 million in May 2017. [4] That July, it was estimated to be as high as $150 million, [5] [6] with sources at Warner Bros. describing that figure as too high. [7] Later estimates reported a net production budget of $100 million [8] or just below that. [9] In February 2018, producer Emma Thomas said it was made for half the budget as that of Interstellar [10] —$165 million. [11]
  2. ↑ The construction came at a cost of $900,000. [41]
  3. ↑ Barry Keoghan and Cillian Murphy, however, are Irish. [44]
  4. ↑ Dunkirk was approved under the French international tax rebate scheme. [64]
  5. ↑ The film received $1.2 million through the Netherlands' rebate incentive programme. [67]
  6. ↑ In the course of shooting, Dunkirk operated under the working title "Bodega Bay", [69] a place in Northern California suggested by production designer Nathan Crowley. [18]
  7. ↑ This marked Nolan's first nomination for Best Director at the Academy Awards. [187]

Related Research Articles

IMAX is a proprietary system of high-resolution cameras, film formats, film projectors, and theaters known for having very large screens with a tall aspect ratio and steep stadium seating, with the 1.43:1 ratio format being available only in few selected locations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christopher Nolan</span> British and American filmmaker (born 1970)

Sir Christopher Edward Nolan is a British and American filmmaker. Known for his Hollywood blockbusters with complex storytelling, he is considered a leading filmmaker of the 21st century. Nolan's films have earned over $6 billion worldwide, making him the seventh-highest-grossing film director of all time. His accolades include two Academy Awards, a Golden Globe Award and two British Academy Film Awards. Nolan was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 2019, and received a knighthood in 2024 for his contributions to film.

<i>Dunkirk</i> (1958 film) 1958 British war film by Leslie Norman

Dunkirk is a 1958 British war film directed by Leslie Norman that depicts the Dunkirk evacuation of World War II, and starring John Mills, Richard Attenborough, and Bernard Lee. The film is based on the novels The Big Pick-Up by Elleston Trevor and Dunkirk co-authored by Lt Col Ewan Butler and Major J. S. Bradford.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Emma Thomas</span> British film producer (born 1971)

Dame Emma Thomas, Lady Nolan, is a British film producer. She has produced all of the feature films directed by her husband Sir Christopher Nolan, which have grossed more than $6 billion worldwide and are regarded as some of the greatest films of their respective decades.

<i>Interstellar</i> (film) 2014 film by Christopher Nolan

Interstellar is a 2014 epic science fiction drama film directed by Christopher Nolan, who co-wrote the screenplay with his brother Jonathan. It stars Matthew McConaughey, Anne Hathaway, Jessica Chastain, Bill Irwin, Ellen Burstyn, Matt Damon, and Michael Caine. Set in a dystopian future where Earth is suffering from catastrophic blight and famine, the film follows a group of astronauts who travel through a wormhole near Saturn in search of a new home for mankind.

<i>Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol</i> 2011 film by Brad Bird

Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol is a 2011 American action spy film directed by Brad Bird from a screenplay by the writing team of Josh Appelbaum and André Nemec, who also serve as co-producers. Produced by Tom Cruise, J. J. Abrams, and Bryan Burk, it is the sequel to Mission: Impossible III (2006) and is the fourth installment in the Mission: Impossible film series. The film stars Cruise, Jeremy Renner, Simon Pegg, and Paula Patton, with Michael Nyqvist, Vladimir Mashkov, Josh Holloway, Anil Kapoor, and Léa Seydoux in supporting roles. In the film, the Impossible Missions Force (IMF) is shut down after being publicly implicated in a bombing of the Kremlin, causing Ethan Hunt (Cruise) and his team to go without resources or backup in a life-threatening effort to clear their names.

Syncopy Inc. is a British-American film production company founded and operated by Emma Thomas and Christopher Nolan. The name of the company is a play on syncopation and was suggested to Nolan by his late father, who was a classical music fan. It has offices in London and Los Angeles.

<i>Inception</i> 2010 film by Christopher Nolan

Inception is a 2010 science fiction action heist film written and directed by Christopher Nolan, who also produced it with Emma Thomas, his wife. The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio as a professional thief who steals information by infiltrating the subconscious of his targets. He is offered a chance to have his criminal history erased as payment for the implantation of another person's idea into a target's subconscious. The ensemble cast includes Ken Watanabe, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Marion Cotillard, Elliot Page, Tom Hardy, Cillian Murphy, Tom Berenger, Dileep Rao, and Michael Caine.

<i>The Dark Knight Rises</i> 2012 superhero film by Christopher Nolan

The Dark Knight Rises is a 2012 superhero film directed by Christopher Nolan, who co-wrote the screenplay with his brother Jonathan Nolan, and the story with David S. Goyer. Based on the DC Comics character Batman, it is the final installment in Nolan's The Dark Knight trilogy, and the sequel to The Dark Knight (2008). The film stars Christian Bale as Bruce Wayne / Batman, alongside Anne Hathaway, Gary Oldman, Tom Hardy, Morgan Freeman, Marion Cotillard, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, and Michael Caine. The film, set eight years after the events of The Dark Knight, follows the terrorist Bane (Hardy) as he forces Wayne to resume his role as Batman and save Gotham City from nuclear destruction.

<i>Star Wars: The Last Jedi</i> 2017 film by Rian Johnson

Star Wars: The Last Jedi is a 2017 American epic space opera film written and directed by Rian Johnson. Produced by Lucasfilm and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is the second installment of the Star Wars sequel trilogy, following The Force Awakens (2015), and the eighth episode of the nine-part "Skywalker saga". The film's ensemble cast includes Mark Hamill, Carrie Fisher, Adam Driver, Daisy Ridley, John Boyega, Oscar Isaac, Andy Serkis, Lupita Nyong'o, Domhnall Gleeson, Anthony Daniels, Gwendoline Christie, Kelly Marie Tran, Laura Dern, and Benicio del Toro. The Last Jedi follows Rey as she seeks the aid of Luke Skywalker in hopes of turning the tide for the Resistance in the fight against Kylo Ren and the First Order while General Leia Organa, Finn, and Poe Dameron attempt to escape a First Order attack on the dwindling Resistance fleet. The film features the first posthumous film performance by Fisher, who died in December 2016, and the film is dedicated to her memory.

<i>Sully</i> (film) 2016 film

Sully is a 2016 American biographical drama film directed by Clint Eastwood and written by Todd Komarnicki, based on the 2009 autobiography Highest Duty by Chesley "Sully" Sullenberger and Jeffrey Zaslow. Tom Hanks stars as Sullenberger, with Aaron Eckhart as Jeffrey Skiles, and co-stars Laura Linney, Anna Gunn, Autumn Reeser, Holt McCallany, and Jamey Sheridan. The film follows Sullenberger's 2009 emergency landing of US Airways Flight 1549 on the Hudson River, in which all 155 passengers and crew survived, and the subsequent publicity and investigation.

<i>Darkest Hour</i> (film) 2017 biographical war drama film by Joe Wright

Darkest Hour is a 2017 British biographical war drama film directed by Joe Wright and written by Anthony McCarten. It stars Gary Oldman as Winston Churchill, in his early days as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during the Second World War and the May 1940 war cabinet crisis. The cast also includes Kristin Scott Thomas as Clementine Churchill, Lily James as Elizabeth Layton, Stephen Dillane as Viscount Halifax, Ronald Pickup as Neville Chamberlain, and Ben Mendelsohn as King George VI. The title of the film refers to a phrase describing the early days of the war, widely attributed to Churchill.

<i>Wolf Warrior 2</i> 2017 Chinese film

Wolf Warrior 2 is a 2017 Chinese action film co-written, co-produced, and directed by Wu Jing, who also starred in the lead role. The film co-stars Celina Jade, Frank Grillo, Hans Zhang, and Wu Gang. The film is a sequel to 2015's Wolf Warrior. It was released in China on 27 July 2017. The film tells a story of a loose cannon Chinese soldier named Leng Feng who takes on special missions around the world. In this sequel, he finds himself in an unnamed African country protecting medical aid workers from local rebels and vicious arms dealers.

<i>Dunkirk</i> (soundtrack) 2017 soundtrack album by Hans Zimmer

Dunkirk (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack to the 2017 film of the same name directed by Christopher Nolan, released under WaterTower Music on 21 July 2017, the same day as the film's theatrical release. The score was composed and created by Hans Zimmer, who collaborated with Lorne Balfe, Andrew Kawczynski, Steve Mazzaro, and Benjamin Wallfisch to provide additional music. It was recorded at a 11-month period during early-2016 and several instrumentation and sounds were modified to create intensity in the score. Nolan and Zimmer wanted to create suspense through cinematography and music, hence Zimmer had written several tracks to accommodate the auditory Shepard tone illusion, a feature that has been explored in Nolan's previous films.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christopher Nolan filmography</span>

Christopher Nolan is a British-American film director, screenwriter, and film producer. His feature directorial debut was the neo-noir crime thriller Following (1998) which was made on a budget of $6,000. Two years later, he directed the psychological thriller Memento (2000) which starred Guy Pearce as a man suffering from anterograde amnesia searching for his wife's killer. Similar to his debut feature it had a non-linear narrative structure, and was his breakthrough film. It was acclaimed by critics and was a surprise commercial success. For the film Nolan received his first nomination for the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film, and for writing its screenplay he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. He next directed the mystery thriller remake Insomnia (2002) which starred Al Pacino, Robin Williams, and Hilary Swank. It was his first film for Warner Bros., and was a critical and commercial success.

<i>Tenet</i> (film) 2020 film by Christopher Nolan

Tenet is a 2020 science fiction action thriller film written and directed by Christopher Nolan, who also produced it with his wife Emma Thomas. It stars John David Washington, Robert Pattinson, Elizabeth Debicki, Dimple Kapadia, Michael Caine, and Kenneth Branagh. The film follows a former CIA agent who is recruited into a secret organization, tasked with tracing the origin of objects that are traveling backward through time and their connection to an attack from the future to the present.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cinematic style of Christopher Nolan</span> Filmmaking style of Christopher Nolan

Christopher Nolan is a British-American filmmaker known for using aesthetics, themes and cinematic techniques that are recognisable in his work. Regarded as an auteur filmmaker, Nolan is partial to elliptical editing, documentary-style lighting, hand-held camera work, natural settings, and real filming locations over studio work. Embedded narratives and crosscutting between different time frames is a major component of his work, and his films often feature experimental soundscapes and mathematically-inspired images and concepts. Nolan prefers shooting on film to digital video and advocates for the use of higher-quality, larger-format film stock. He favours practical effects over computer-generated imagery, and is a proponent of theatrical exhibition.

<i>Oppenheimer</i> (film) 2023 film by Christopher Nolan

Oppenheimer is a 2023 biographical film written, directed, and produced by Christopher Nolan. An epic with aspects of a thriller, it follows the life of J. Robert Oppenheimer, the American theoretical physicist who helped develop the first nuclear weapons during World War II. Based on the 2005 biography American Prometheus by Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin, the film dramatizes Oppenheimer's studies, his direction of the Los Alamos Laboratory and his 1954 security hearing. Cillian Murphy stars as Oppenheimer, alongside Robert Downey Jr. as the United States Atomic Energy Commission member Lewis Strauss. The ensemble supporting cast includes Emily Blunt, Matt Damon, Florence Pugh, Josh Hartnett, Casey Affleck, Rami Malek, and Kenneth Branagh.

References

  1. 1 2 Debruge, Peter (17 July 2017). "Film Review: Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk'". Variety . Archived from the original on 23 July 2017.
  2. ↑ "Film Releases". Variety Insight . Archived from the original on 28 July 2017.
  3. ↑ "DUNKIRK (2017)". British Board of Film Classification . Archived from the original on 5 July 2017.
  4. ↑ Staff (May 2017). "Production and Financing". Film Facts and Figures of the Netherlands. The Netherlands Film Fund. p. 11. Archived from the original on 16 May 2018 – via issuu.
  5. ↑ Kelley, Seth (19 July 2017). "Box Office: 'Dunkirk' Battles 'Girls Trip,' While 'Valerian' Looks to Sputter". Variety . Archived from the original on 20 July 2017.
  6. ↑ Faughnder, Ryan (19 July 2017). "'Dunkirk' likely to win rare box-office battle of original big-budget movies". Los Angeles Times . Archived from the original on 19 July 2017.
  7. ↑ McClintock, Pamela (20 July 2017). "Box-Office Preview: Can 'Dunkirk' Battle Past $40M in U.S. Debut?". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 15 May 2018.
  8. ↑ McClintock, Pamela (23 July 2017). "Box Office: 'Dunkirk' Conquers Competition With $50.5M Debut; 'Valerian' Bombs". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 25 July 2017.
  9. ↑ Kelley, Seth (23 July 2017). "Box Office: 'Dunkirk' Conquers Weekend With $50.5 Million, 'Valerian' Flops". Variety . Archived from the original on 23 July 2017.
  10. ↑ Utichi, Joe (23 February 2018). "For Christopher Nolan's Producer And Partner Emma Thomas, Maintaining A Winning Streak Is Essential". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 15 May 2018.
  11. ↑ "Interstellar". Box Office Mojo . Archived from the original on 18 June 2018.
  12. 1 2 3 "Dunkirk (2017)". Box Office Mojo . IMDb. Archived from the original on 20 August 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
  13. 1 2 Fear, David; Travers, Peter; Walsh, Katie; Nicholson, Amy; Grierson, Tim; Kiang, Jessica (18 December 2019). "The 50 Best Movies of the 2010s". Rolling Stone . Archived from the original on 2 January 2020.
  14. 1 2 Total Film (16 December 2019). "The 100 best movies of the decade". GamesRadar+ . Archived from the original on 2 January 2020.
  15. 1 2 Perez, Rodrigo (31 December 2019). "Quentin Tarantino Says Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Is His #2 Film of the Decade". The Playlist. Archived from the original on 2 January 2020.
  16. 1 2 Gonzalez, Umberto (1 March 2017). "Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Will Have 'Little Dialogue'". TheWrap . Archived from the original on 1 March 2017.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Mottram 2017, p. 59–135.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Mottram 2017, p. 11–54.
  19. 1 2 Buckley, Cara (12 July 2017). "Christopher Nolan's Latest Time-Bending Feat? 'Dunkirk'". The New York Times . Archived from the original on 12 July 2017.
  20. ↑ Kizu, Kyle (4 August 2017). "Christopher Nolan Wanted to Shoot 'Dunkirk' Without a Script". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 5 August 2017.
  21. 1 2 Coyle, Jake (14 July 2017). "Tick-Tock: Christopher Nolan on the rhythm of 'Dunkirk'". ABC News . Archived from the original on 15 July 2017.
  22. 1 2 Merry, Stephanie (14 July 2017). "'Dunkirk' director Christopher Nolan excels at building suspense. Here's how he does it". The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 15 July 2017.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Maytum, Matt; Crowther, Jane (Summer 2017). "Dunkirk". Total Film . No. 260. pp. 56–65.
  24. ↑ McClintock, Pamela (20 June 2017). "'Dunkirk' Is Christopher Nolan's Shortest Film Since His Directorial Debut". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 21 June 2017.
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 Koehler, Robert. "WWII on a Grand Scale". Directors Guild of America . Archived from the original on 26 June 2017.
  26. ↑ Stolworthy, Jacob (1 March 2017). "Dunkirk: Christopher Nolan reveals war film is told through three perspectives, has 'little dialogue'". The Independent . Archived from the original on 1 March 2017.
  27. ↑ Sullivan, Kevin P. (13 July 2017). "What Dunkirk owes to Mad Max: Fury Road". Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on 22 July 2017.
  28. ↑ Sullivan, Kevin P. (18 July 2017). "How Christopher Nolan crafted his WWII masterpiece, Dunkirk". Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on 22 July 2017.
  29. 1 2 Whitty, Stephen (16 July 2017). "Chris Nolan on 'Dunkirk', and leaving the 'Dark Knight' behind". NJ.com . Archived from the original on 16 July 2017.
  30. ↑ Levine 2017.
  31. ↑ Furness, Hannah (7 July 2017). "New Dunkirk film won't feature Churchill so it doesn't get 'bogged down' with politics". The Daily Telegraph . Archived from the original on 8 July 2017.
  32. ↑ "Christopher Nolan curates BFI Southbank season of influences on new film Dunkirk". British Film Institute . 24 May 2017. Archived from the original on 24 May 2017.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Jolin, Dan. "Blood and Sand". Empire . No. 338. pp. 88–93.
  34. ↑ Onwuemezi, Natasha (20 June 2017). "HC lands book rights to Dunkirk film starring Tom Hardy". The Bookseller . Archived from the original on 21 June 2017.
  35. 1 2 3 Nolan, Christopher (8 July 2017). "Spitfires, flotillas of boats, rough seas and 1,000 extras: Christopher Nolan on the making of Dunkirk, his most challenging film to date". The Daily Telegraph . Archived from the original on 10 July 2017.
  36. ↑ Greene, David (20 July 2017). "'Dunkirk' Director Christopher Nolan: 'We Really Try To Put You on That Beach'". NPR . Archived from the original on 20 July 2017.
  37. ↑ Grobar, Matt (28 November 2017). "'Dunkirk' Production Designer Nathan Crowley On "Rawness, Simplicity & Brutalism" Of World War II Epic". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 6 January 2018.
  38. ↑ Anderton, Ethan (6 February 2016). "'Interstellar' Cinematographer Hoyte van Hoytema Reuniting with Christopher Nolan for 'Dunkirk'". /Film . Archived from the original on 25 May 2016.
  39. ↑ Staff (29 September 2016). "Hollywood Salaries 2016: Who Got Raises (and Who Didn't), From Movie Stars to Showrunners". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 2 October 2016.
  40. ↑ Miller, Julie (21 July 2017). "The Secrets of Hollywood's Highest-Paid Directors". Vanity Fair . Archived from the original on 16 October 2017.
  41. 1 2 3 Lewis, Andy (5 January 2018). "Making of 'Dunkirk': Christopher Nolan's Obsessive $100M Re-creation of the Pivotal WWII Battle". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 5 January 2018.
  42. ↑ Dane, Patrick (27 December 2016). "Christopher Nolan Talks About Newcomer Fionn Whitehead in New Dunkirk Photo". Bleeding Cool . Archived from the original on 28 December 2016.
  43. ↑ Kaufman, Amy (31 March 2017). "Christopher Nolan reveals what makes the war story 'Dunkirk' a great suspense thriller". Los Angeles Times . Archived from the original on 16 April 2017.
  44. ↑ "Watch: 'They're always looking out for you' – Dunkirk's Barry Keoghan on working with Irish actors in Hollywood". Irish Independent . 20 July 2017. Archived from the original on 21 July 2017.
  45. 1 2 Kroll, Justin (28 December 2015). "Christopher Nolan to Direct Action Thriller 'Dunkirk' for Warner Bros". Variety . Archived from the original on 28 December 2015.
  46. ↑ Ford, Rebecca (28 December 2015). "Christopher Nolan to Direct WWII Film 'Dunkirk' With Tom Hardy, Kenneth Branagh". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 31 December 2015.
  47. ↑ Sneider, Jeff (10 March 2016). "Christopher Nolan Eyes Newcomer Fionn Whitehead for Lead in WWII Movie 'Dunkirk'". TheWrap . Archived from the original on 15 March 2016.
  48. ↑ Jaafar, Ali (11 March 2016). "Jack Lowden & Aneurin Barnard in Talks For Major Roles in Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk'". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 12 March 2016.
  49. ↑ Hooton, Christopher (14 March 2016). "Christopher Nolan's Dunkirk casts Harry Styles of all people". The Independent . Archived from the original on 14 March 2016.
  50. ↑ Stolworthy, Jacob (6 April 2016). "Peaky Blinders actor Cillian Murphy to reunite with Christopher Nolan for WW2 drama Dunkirk". The Independent . Archived from the original on 6 April 2016.
  51. ↑ McNary, Dave (23 May 2016). "Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Begins Filming in France". Variety . Archived from the original on 24 May 2016.
  52. ↑ Anderton, Ethan (23 May 2016). "'Dunkirk' Synopsis and Set Photos Arrive as Christopher Nolan Begins Production". /Film . Archived from the original on 25 May 2016.
  53. ↑ Nolan 2017.
  54. ↑ Rottenberg, Josh (21 April 2017). "How Fionn Whitehead went from washing dishes to starring in Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk'". Los Angeles Times . Archived from the original on 7 June 2017.
  55. ↑ "Dunkirk Interview Special". Film4 . 21 July 2017. Archived from the original on 1 August 2017.
  56. ↑ "The strange reason behind why Harry Styles was cast in Dunkirk". The New Zealand Herald . 16 December 2017. Archived from the original on 17 December 2017.
  57. ↑ Daly, Rhian (9 July 2017). "'Dunkirk' director Christopher Nolan says he 'wasn't aware' how famous Harry Styles was before casting him". NME . Archived from the original on 10 July 2017.
  58. ↑ Houghton, Jack (15 July 2017). "Cillian Murphy and Kenneth Branagh reveal the horror of World War II epic Dunkirk". The Daily Telegraph . Archived from the original on 15 July 2017.
  59. ↑ Schaefer, Stephen (16 July 2017). "Mark Rylance musters spirit of epic 'Dunkirk' rescue". Boston Herald . Archived from the original on 16 July 2017.
  60. ↑ Colburn, Randall (13 December 2017). "Christopher Nolan walks you through the most terrifying scene in Dunkirk". The A.V. Club . Archived from the original on 13 December 2017.
  61. ↑ Dunkirk (Motion picture). 1:41:37.{{cite AV media}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  62. ↑ "Will Attenborough brings Dunkirk to life on Film-ish". FUBAR Radio. 6 February 2018. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2021.
  63. ↑ Hawkes, Rebecca (23 May 2016). "Christopher Nolan's Dunkirk: first set photos reveal director's vision of wartime France". The Daily Telegraph . Archived from the original on 23 May 2016.
  64. ↑ Dale, Martin (16 January 2017). "4th Paris Images Trade Show Announces Threefold Increase in Foreign Production Spend in France in 2016". Variety . Archived from the original on 16 January 2017.
  65. 1 2 Bal, Jan-Hein; Wolthuis, Johan C.M. (2 September 2016). "65mm Filming for "Dunkirk" on Location in the Netherlands!". in70mm.com. Archived from the original on 26 July 2017.
  66. ↑ "Urk to host massive Dunkirk film crew as IJsselmeer takes centre stage". DutchNews.nl. 16 June 2016. Archived from the original on 17 June 2016.
  67. ↑ Macnab, Geoffrey (23 September 2016). "Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' boosts Netherlands rebate scheme". Screen International . Archived from the original on 24 September 2016.
  68. ↑ "Look who's filming in Swanage this month ..." Bournemouth Daily Echo . 1 July 2016. Archived from the original on 29 August 2016.
  69. 1 2 Washicko, Cynthia (20 August 2016). "Explosions, gunfire coming to Point Vicente for Christopher Nolan war film 'Dunkirk'". Daily Breeze . Archived from the original on 22 August 2016.
  70. ↑ Sykes, Hugh (8 August 2017). "What do people in Dunkirk make of the film Dunkirk?". BBC News . Archived from the original on 8 August 2017.
  71. 1 2 Sexton, David (13 July 2017). "Dunkirk: everything you need to know about the cinematic event of 2017". London Evening Standard . Archived from the original on 26 July 2017.
  72. 1 2 3 Evans, Chris (17 July 2017). "Dunkirk: How Christopher Nolan's film found real war ships for epic battle scenes". The Independent . Archived from the original on 17 July 2017.
  73. ↑ Richford, Rhonda (3 February 2017). "'Fifty Shades Freed,' 'Jackie' Help Boost Foreign Production in France as Incentives Trump Security Concerns". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 3 February 2017.
  74. ↑ Hall, Jacob (8 June 2016). "Christopher Nolan Will Reportedly Crash a Vintage WWII Plane For 'Dunkirk'". /Film . Archived from the original on 4 January 2017.
  75. ↑ Halls, Eleanor (7 June 2016). "Dunkirk: everything you need to know about Harry Styles' new film". GQ . Archived from the original on 18 October 2016.
  76. ↑ "MLV Castor (A810)". Historic Naval Ships Association. 2012. Archived from the original on 18 February 2018.
  77. ↑ Weijers, Marco (20 June 2016). "Deel 'Dunkirk'-vloot Nederlands". De Telegraaf (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 23 July 2017.
  78. ↑ "Lowestoft boat stars in Dunkirk Hollywood blockbuster". ITV . 13 July 2017. Archived from the original on 23 July 2017.
  79. 1 2 3 4 Mallory Allnutt, Richard (15 August 2016). "Dunkirk – Filming the Aerial Scenes for the Epic Movie". Warbirds News. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016.
  80. ↑ Dunnell, Ben (14 September 2017). "Flights, cameras, action" . key.aero. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  81. 1 2 Barry, Aoife (17 July 2017). "Why the epic Dunkirk was the hardest film Christopher Nolan has made". TheJournal.ie . Archived from the original on 17 July 2017.
  82. ↑ Klimek, Chris (21 July 2017). "Dogfighting Over "Dunkirk"". Air & Space/Smithsonian . Archived from the original on 25 July 2017.
  83. ↑ Williams, Angela (21 July 2017). "Director Christopher Nolan tells what inspired 'Dunkirk'". ABC News . Archived from the original on 22 July 2017.
  84. ↑ Murugesu, Jason (3 August 2017). "How realistic are Dunkirk's Spitfire flight scenes?". newstatesman.com. Archived from the original on 8 December 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
  85. ↑ Fordham, Joe (October 2017). "Deliverance". Cinefex . No. 155. Archived from the original on 16 July 2018.
  86. ↑ Rooney, Matt (11 January 2017). "Tom Hardy talks Dunkirk, rom-coms & says more Mad Max is "in the books"". JoBlo.com . Archived from the original on 12 January 2017.
  87. ↑ D'Alessandro, Anthony (2 January 2018). "How DP Hoyte Van Hoytema Captured Christopher Nolan's Miracle Of 'Dunkirk' – Crew Call Podcast". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 3 January 2018.
  88. ↑ Sharf, Zack (12 July 2017). "15 Essential Movies Shot On 70 mm Film, From '2001: A Space Odyssey' to 'Dunkirk'". IndieWire . Archived from the original on 20 July 2017.
  89. ↑ Davis, Erik (30 March 2017). "Exclusive Interview: Christopher Nolan on Why 'Dunkirk' Is Like Nothing You've Ever Seen Before". Fandango . Archived from the original on 19 May 2017.
  90. ↑ Sullivan, Kevin P. (21 April 2017). "How Christopher Nolan's Dunkirk is changing the way movies use IMAX cameras". Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on 22 April 2017.
  91. 1 2 3 4 Guerrasio, Jason (11 July 2017). "Christopher Nolan explains the biggest challenges in making his latest movie 'Dunkirk' into an 'intimate epic'". Business Insider . Archived from the original on 12 July 2017.
  92. ↑ Busis, Hillary (7 December 2017). "The Man Behind Dunkirk's Tidy Run Time". Vanity Fair . Archived from the original on 7 December 2017.
  93. ↑ Grobar, Matt (7 December 2017). "'Dunkirk' Editor Lee Smith on Crafting Larger-Than-Life Experiences for the Eyes & Ears". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 8 December 2017.
  94. 1 2 Gray, Tim (15 December 2017). "How Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Team Captured the Sounds of Battle". Variety . Archived from the original on 19 January 2018.
  95. ↑ Giardina, Carolyn (5 July 2017). "Warner Bros. Prepping 'Dunkirk' for One of the Largest 70 mm Releases of Last 25 Years". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 9 July 2017.
  96. ↑ Hall, Jacob (8 January 2016). "Hans Zimmer Scoring 'Dunkirk': Composer Will Bring the "Braaaahhhm!" to Christopher Nolan's WWII Film". /Film . Archived from the original on 25 May 2016.
  97. ↑ Licuria, Rob (27 December 2017). "Composer Hans Zimmer: 'Dunkirk' was the hardest thing we ever did'". Gold Derby . Archived from the original on 30 December 2017.
  98. ↑ "'Harry Styles can act!' – First reactions in for Christopher Nolan's war epic Dunkirk". The Daily Telegraph . 11 July 2017. Archived from the original on 12 July 2017.
  99. ↑ Titeux, Nicolas (15 November 2020). "Shepard and Risset audio illusions | Nicolas TITEUX, sound designer, sound mixer and composer". Archived from the original on 24 January 2023. Retrieved 24 January 2023.
  100. ↑ Nordine, Michael (21 July 2017). "'Dunkirk' Soundtrack: Stream Hans Zimmer's Most Intense Christopher Nolan Score Yet – Listen". IndieWire . Archived from the original on 23 July 2017.
  101. 1 2 Ryzik, Melena (26 July 2017). "Ticking Watch. Boat Engine. Slowness. The Secrets of the 'Dunkirk' Score". The New York Times . Archived from the original on 27 July 2017.
  102. ↑ Lane, Anthony (31 July 2017). "Christopher Nolan's Wartime Epic". The New Yorker . Archived from the original on 24 July 2017.
  103. ↑ Burr, Ty (20 July 2017). "'Dunkirk' is a towering achievement, made with craft, sinew, and honesty". The Boston Globe . Archived from the original on 24 July 2017.
  104. ↑ Philip, Tom (23 January 2018). "Dunkirk Composer Hans Zimmer Knows How the World Is Supposed to Sound". GQ . Archived from the original on 23 January 2018.
  105. ↑ "Previous Clients / Film". Associated Independent Recording . Archived from the original on 3 August 2017.
  106. ↑ Tartaglione, Nancy (13 July 2017). "Christopher Nolan Unveils His 'Dunkirk' Experience in London". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 14 July 2017.
  107. ↑ "Dunkirk Premiere". Heart of London Business Alliance. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017.
  108. ↑ Geier, Thom (8 September 2015). "Christopher Nolan's Next Film Lands 2017 Release Date From Warner Bros". TheWrap . Archived from the original on 11 September 2015.
  109. ↑ Hooton, Christopher (5 August 2016). "Dunkirk trailer: Watch the tense first teaser for Christopher Nolan's new World War II film". The Independent . Archived from the original on 5 August 2016.
  110. ↑ Mendelson, Scott (6 May 2017). "Trailer: Chris Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Will Try To Be A Rare Breakout World War II Movie". Forbes . Archived from the original on 1 June 2017.
  111. 1 2 3 4 5 6 D'Alessandro, Anthony (23 July 2017). "'Dunkirk' Takes Warner Bros Past $1B; 'Girls Trip' Record Opening For Malcolm D. Lee; Reasons Why 'Valerian' Crashed". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 23 July 2017.
  112. ↑ Sims, David (10 July 2017). "Why Hollywood Should Pay Attention to Dunkirk". The Atlantic . Archived from the original on 11 July 2017.
  113. ↑ Adams, Sam (5 July 2017). "Christopher Nolan's Dunkirk Will Get the Biggest 70 mm Release in 25 Years". Slate . Archived from the original on 11 July 2017.
  114. ↑ Bishop, Bryan (5 July 2017). "Christopher Nolan's new film Dunkirk is being projected on 70 mm film in 125 theaters". The Verge . Archived from the original on 11 July 2017.
  115. ↑ Lang, Brent (5 July 2017). "Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Scores Widest 70MM Release in 25 Years". Variety . Archived from the original on 5 July 2017.
  116. ↑ Thompson, Anne (29 August 2017). "Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Enters the Toronto Film Festival Oscar Fray". IndieWire . Archived from the original on 29 August 2017.
  117. ↑ Sharf, Zack (16 November 2017). "'Dunkirk' Wants to Be the Oscar Frontrunner, Sets Awards Season Re-Release in IMAX and 70 mm Theaters". IndieWire . Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
  118. ↑ Howard, Kirsten (26 October 2017). "Dunkirk Blu-ray/DVD release date and bonus features". Den of Geek . Archived from the original on 30 October 2017.
  119. ↑ Perry, Spencer (24 October 2017). "Dunkirk Sets Sail on 4K, Blu-ray, and DVD in December". ComingSoon.net . Archived from the original on 24 October 2017.
  120. ↑ "First trailer for Christopher Nolan's Dunkirk will be 'shown in cinemas ahead of Suicide Squad'". The Daily Telegraph . 2 August 2016. Archived from the original on 3 August 2016.
  121. ↑ "Dunkirk Announcement Teaser: A First Look at the Christopher Nolan Film!". ComingSoon.net . 4 August 2016. Archived from the original on 6 August 2016.
  122. ↑ Calia, Michael (9 August 2016). "Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Teaser Overwhelms Rival Trailers on Twitter". The Wall Street Journal . Archived from the original on 9 August 2016.
  123. ↑ Pulver, Andrew (14 December 2016). "Christopher Nolan's Dunkirk: first full trailer released". The Guardian . Archived from the original on 14 December 2016.
  124. ↑ "Classification Search". Consumer Protection BC. 8 December 2016. Archived from the original on 19 August 2017.
  125. ↑ Sciretta, Peter (5 December 2016). "Seven Minutes of Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Will Screen Before 'Rogue One' in 70 mm IMAX". /Film . Archived from the original on 15 December 2016.
  126. ↑ McNary, Dave (19 December 2016). "Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Soars on Social Media With First Trailer". Variety . Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
  127. ↑ Leadbeater, Alex (10 March 2017). "Dunkirk Prologue Playing With Kong: Skull Island IMAX Screenings". Screen Rant . Archived from the original on 19 April 2017.
  128. ↑ McNary, Dave (29 March 2017). "CinemaCon: Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Stuns Theater Owners With Epic War Drama". Variety . Archived from the original on 19 May 2017.
  129. ↑ Hall, Jacob (2 May 2017). "Christopher Nolan Probably Hates This 'Dunkirk' NBA TV Spot". /Film . Archived from the original on 3 May 2017.
  130. ↑ Sullivan, Kevin P. (5 May 2017). "New trailer for Christopher Nolan's Dunkirk makes it hard to breathe". Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on 5 May 2017.
  131. ↑ Kroll, Justin (5 May 2017). "Watch the New Trailer for Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk'". Variety . Archived from the original on 6 May 2017.
  132. 1 2 D'Alessandro, Anthony (23 July 2017). "How Warner Bros Beat The Period-Film Curse at the B.O. & Positioned 'Dunkirk' As A Summer Tentpole". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 25 July 2017.
  133. ↑ McNary, Dave (8 May 2017). "Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Tops Social Media Buzz With New Trailer". Variety . Archived from the original on 9 May 2017.
  134. ↑ Newton, Andrew (6 June 2017). "Wargaming and Warner Bros. partner". Flickering Myth. Archived from the original on 7 June 2017.
  135. ↑ McNary, Dave (10 July 2017). "Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Obliterates Competition on Social Media". Variety . Archived from the original on 11 July 2017.
  136. ↑ "Dunkirk's seven-minute trailer confuses cinemagoers who thought they were watching Wonder Woman". The Daily Telegraph . 13 July 2017. Archived from the original on 14 July 2017.
  137. 1 2 D'Alessandro, Anthony (4 July 2017). "Can 'War for the Planet of the Apes' Conquer The Summertime Franchise Blues? – Advance B.O. Forecast". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 5 July 2017.
  138. ↑ "Barco projector used for Dunkirk sneak screenings". Barco . 18 July 2017. Archived from the original on 27 August 2017.
  139. ↑ Kelley, Seth (18 October 2017). "Women Powered Summer Box Office Successes, New Data Shows". Variety . Archived from the original on 19 January 2018.
  140. ↑ "Dunkirk (2017)". The Numbers . Nash Information Services, LLC. Archived from the original on 10 May 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
  141. ↑ Brace, Samuel (12 September 2017). "Dunkirk becomes the highest grossing WWII film of all time". Flickering Myth. Archived from the original on 13 September 2017.
  142. ↑ Mithaiwala, Mansoor (16 September 2017). "Dunkirk Becomes Highest Grossing WWII Film at Global Box Office". Screen Rant . Archived from the original on 16 September 2017.
  143. ↑ "'Oppenheimer' Passes 'Dunkirk' to Become Highest-Grossing World War II Movie of All Time". Collider. 8 August 2023. Archived from the original on 11 August 2023. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  144. ↑ Kelley, Seth (5 July 2017). "Christopher Nolan's 'Dunkirk' Eyes $40 Million in Early Box Office Tracking". Variety . Archived from the original on 5 July 2017.
  145. ↑ Staff (14 July 2017). "Long Range Forecast: 'It' Promises September Scares, Will 'Home Again' Counter-Program?; 'Dunkirk' Buzz Building". BoxOffice . Archived from the original on 16 July 2017.
  146. ↑ Brueggemann, Tom (7 July 2017). "'Dunkirk' Box Office Tracking Is Low, and Here's Why It's Wrong". IndieWire . Archived from the original on 18 July 2017.
  147. ↑ Busch, Anita (22 July 2017). "'Dunkirk' Logs Strong 3-Day Cume Of $21.2M After Key Market Rollout – Int'l Box Office". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 23 July 2017.
  148. ↑ Busch, Anita (23 July 2017). "'Dunkirk' Takes Box Office By Storm With $55.4M No. 1 Spot For $105M+ Global Opening; 'Valerian' $23.5M Start – Int'l Box Office". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 24 July 2017.
  149. ↑ Tartaglione, Nancy (27 August 2017). "'Valerian' Tops China; 'Wonder Woman' Hits $400M Overseas – International Box Office". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 27 August 2017.
  150. ↑ Frater, Patrick (12 July 2017). "'Dunkirk' Gets September China Release After Summer Blackout". Variety . Archived from the original on 4 August 2017.
  151. ↑ Busch, Anita (1 September 2017). "'Dunkirk' Grosses $9.6M First Day For No. 1 Spot' In China, Valerian' Grosses $51.7M First Week". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 2 September 2017.
  152. ↑ Kelley, Seth (3 September 2017). "'Dunkirk' Wins International Box Office With $30 Million Debut in China". Variety . Archived from the original on 4 September 2017.
  153. ↑ Schilling, Mark (11 September 2017). "Japan Box Office: 'Dunkirk' Opening Tops Weekend". Variety . Archived from the original on 12 September 2017.
  154. ↑ McMillan, Graeme (17 July 2017). "'Dunkirk': What the Critics Are Saying". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 20 July 2017.
  155. ↑ "100 Best War Movies of All Time". Rotten Tomatoes . Archived from the original on 19 August 2017.
  156. ↑ Nordine, Michael; Thompson, Anne (28 July 2017). "The Best War Movies of the 21st Century, From 'Dunkirk' to 'The Hurt Locker'". IndieWire . Archived from the original on 5 August 2017.
  157. ↑ "From Dunkirk to Apocalypse Now: the 30 best war movies ever made". The Daily Telegraph . 5 August 2017. Archived from the original on 12 September 2017.
  158. ↑ "Dunkirk (2017)". Rotten Tomatoes . Fandango Media. Archived from the original on 5 December 2017. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  159. ↑ "Dunkirk (2017)". Metacritic . Fandom, Inc. Archived from the original on 6 December 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
  160. ↑ "Dunkirk (2017)". MRQE . Archived from the original on 10 December 2017..
  161. ↑ "The 50 top films of 2017 in the UK: the full list". The Guardian. 5 December 2017. Archived from the original on 20 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
  162. ↑ "The 20 best films of 2017". The Independent. 19 December 2017. Archived from the original on 20 November 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
  163. ↑ "The Top 10 Movies of 2017". Time . 7 December 2017. Archived from the original on 22 April 2019. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
  164. ↑ Bradshaw, Peter (17 July 2017). "Dunkirk review – Christopher Nolan's apocalyptic war epic is his best film so far". The Guardian . Archived from the original on 18 July 2017.
  165. ↑ McCarthy, Todd (17 July 2017). "'Dunkirk': Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 18 July 2017.
  166. ↑ Dargis, Manohla (20 July 2017). "Review: 'Dunkirk' Is a Tour de Force War Movie, Both Sweeping and Intimate". The New York Times . Archived from the original on 23 July 2017.
  167. ↑ "Best Movies of 2017". The New York Times . 6 December 2017. Archived from the original on 6 December 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
  168. ↑ LeSalle, Mick (18 July 2017). "Not a victory, but a triumph in 'Dunkirk'". San Francisco Chronicle . Archived from the original on 19 July 2017.
  169. ↑ N.B. (21 July 2017). "Cerebral and tense, "Dunkirk" is a remarkable film". The Economist . Archived from the original on 24 July 2017.
  170. ↑ Roeper, Richard (18 July 2017). "Christopher Nolan's deeply moving 'Dunkirk' a triumph in filmmaking". Chicago Sun-Times . Archived from the original on 19 July 2017.
  171. ↑ Nashawaty, Chris (17 July 2017). "Dunkirk is easily the best movie of the year so far: EW review". Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on 18 July 2017.
  172. ↑ Collin, Robbie (17 July 2017). "Dunkirk review: heart-hammering and heroically British, this is Christopher Nolan at the peak of his powers". The Daily Telegraph . Archived from the original on 18 July 2017.
  173. ↑ Travers, Peter (17 July 2017). "'Dunkirk' Review: Christopher Nolan's WWII Epic May Be the Greatest War Film Ever". Rolling Stone . Archived from the original on 18 July 2017.
  174. ↑ Medved, Michael. "Dunkirk – Movie Review – The Michael Medved Show". The Michael Medved Show. Archived from the original on 21 September 2017.
  175. ↑ Zoller Seitz, Matt (17 July 2017). "Dunkirk". RogerEbert.com . Archived from the original on 18 July 2017.
  176. ↑ Mandelbaum, Jacques (19 July 2017). "" Dunkerque " : un déluge de bombes hors sol". Le Monde (in French). Archived from the original on 19 July 2017.
  177. ↑ Maher, Kevin (18 July 2017). "Cacophony of war sinks star-studded blockbuster". The Times . No. 72278. p. 23. ISSN   0140-0460.
  178. ↑ Cox, David (26 July 2017). "Bloodless, boring and empty: Christopher Nolan's Dunkirk left me cold". The Guardian . Archived from the original on 28 July 2017.
  179. ↑ Wood, Michael (17 August 2017). "At the Movies". London Review of Books . Vol. 39, no. 16. p. 43. Archived from the original on 2 March 2018.
  180. ↑ Calhoun, Dave; Huddleston, Tom; Jenkins, David; Adams, Derek; Andrew, Geoff; Davies, Adam Lee; Fairclough, Paul; Hammond, Wally; Kheraj, Alim; de Semlyen, Phil (10 September 2018). "The 100 best British films". Time Out . Archived from the original on 3 April 2019.
  181. ↑ Hornaday, Ann (17 August 2018). "The New Canon". The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 18 December 2019.
  182. ↑ Hammond, Peter (6 December 2017). "Critics' Choice Awards Nominations: 'The Shape of Water' Leads With 14; Netflix Tops TV Contenders". Deadline Hollywood . Archived from the original on 6 December 2017.
  183. ↑ Tapley, Kristopher (11 January 2018). "'Shape of Water,' 'Big Little Lies,' 'Handmaid's Tale' Top Critics' Choice Awards". Variety . Archived from the original on 19 January 2018.
  184. ↑ "Bafta Film Awards 2018: All the nominees". BBC . 9 January 2018. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018.
  185. ↑ "BAFTA winners 2018: All the awards including best film, leading actor and actress". The Daily Telegraph . 18 February 2018. Archived from the original on 18 February 2018.
  186. ↑ Staff (7 January 2018). "Golden Globes: Complete Winners List". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 8 January 2018.
  187. ↑ Tapley, Kristopher (23 January 2018). "Christopher Nolan Scores His First-Ever Oscar Nomination for Best Director". Variety . Archived from the original on 23 January 2018.
  188. ↑ Respers France, Lisa (5 March 2018). "Oscar winners 2018: The list". CNN . Archived from the original on 5 March 2018.
  189. 1 2 3 Broich, John (20 July 2017). "What's Fact and What's Fiction in Dunkirk". Slate . Archived from the original on 24 July 2017.
  190. ↑ Sebag-Montefiore, Hugh (29 July 2017). "Hugh Sebag-Montefiore: Dunkirk – inaccurate film has touches that reflect the truth". The Yorkshire Post . Archived from the original on 29 July 2017.
  191. ↑ Mosbergen, Dominique (24 July 2017). "Dunkirk Veteran Weeps at Film Premiere: 'It Was Just Like I Was There Again'". Huffington Post . Archived from the original on 26 August 2017.
  192. ↑ Alexander, Bryan (20 July 2017). "'Dunkirk': How historically accurate is Christopher Nolan's WWII battle film?". USA Today . Archived from the original on 25 July 2017.
  193. ↑ Bruemmer, René (2 August 2017). "Inspiration for summer blockbuster Dunkirk an unsung Montreal hero". Montreal Gazette . Archived from the original on 2 August 2017. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  194. ↑ "Unsung hero of Dunkirk evacuation a former McGill student". McGill Reporter. McGill University. 7 August 2017. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 4 September 2017.
  195. ↑ "This war hero was forgotten in Canada and portrayed as a Brit in 'Dunkirk.' Now he's finally getting his due". Washington Post. 21 September 2017. Archived from the original on 9 February 2023. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  196. ↑ Levine 2017 , p. 151
  197. ↑ Broich, John (20 July 2017). "What's Fact and What's Fiction in 'Dunkirk'". Slate . Archived from the original on 13 March 2018. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
  198. 1 2 Levine, Joshua (2017). Dunkirk. HarperCollins.
  199. ↑ "Movie Review: Dunkirk -". 8 August 2017. Archived from the original on 2 January 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
  200. ↑ Lord, Walter (1984). The Miracle of Dunkirk. Penguin Books. pp. 225–227. ISBN   0-14-005085-X.
  201. ↑ "Tom Hardy's Dunkirk hero based on a real life Kiwi". Newshub. Archived from the original on 22 June 2023. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  202. ↑ "Meet al Deere, the real Kiwi hero of Dunkirk". 26 June 2023. Archived from the original on 11 September 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  203. ↑ "Memorial revealed for Wallasey born Dunkirk hero Jack Potter". Wirralglobe.co.uk. March 2018. Archived from the original on 25 June 2020. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  204. ↑ Levine 2017 , p. 358
  205. ↑ Savignac, Baptiste (18 July 2017). "Dunkerque, cinq anecdotes du tournage racontées par Christopher Nolan". Le Figaro (in French). Archived from the original on 25 July 2017.

Works cited

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.