| Year | Date | Event |
|---|
| 1501 | | Muhammad Shaybani, grandson of Abu'l-Khayr Khan, defeats Babur at the Battle of Sar-i Pul |
| 1503 | | Muhammad Shaybani takes Samarkand, Bukhara, Tashkent, and Andijan |
| 1505 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Muhammad Shaybani takes Urgench |
| 1507 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Muhammad Shaybani takes Herat |
| 1510 | 2 December | Battle of Marv : Muhammad Shaybani is defeated and killed by Ismail I, losing control of Hisar, Kunduz, Kulab, and Badakhshan to Babur |
| 1512 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Samarkand is lost to Babur |
| Khanate of Bukhara : Ubaydullah bin Mahmud bin Shah Budagh defeats a Safavid invasion |
| 1549 | | Khanate of Bukhara : An invasion by Humayun is defeated |
| 1557 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Abdullah Khan II becomes de facto ruler |
| 1573 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Abdullah Khan II takes Balkh |
| 1583 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Abdullah Khan II becomes khan |
| 1584 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Abdullah Khan II takes Badakhshan |
| 1588 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Abdullah Khan II takes Herat |
| 1589 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Abdullah Khan II takes Mashhad |
| 1593 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Abdullah Khan II invades Khwarezm |
| 1595 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Abdullah Khan II conquers Khwarezm |
| 1598 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Abdullah Khan II dies and is succeeded by his son Abdul-Mo'min bin Abdullah Khan, who is assassinated within the year; Jani Beg Khan becomes nominal ruler while Din Muhammad takes control of the state |
| August | Khanate of Bukhara : Abbas the Great invades and kills Din Muhammad |
| 1599 | | Khanate of Bukhara : Baqi Muhammad Khan defeats a Kazakh Khanate invasion |