Trollius

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Trollius
Trollius europaeus 020503.jpg
Trollius europaeus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Ranunculaceae
Subfamily: Ranunculoideae
Tribe: Adonideae
Genus: Trollius
L.
Species

About 30, including:
Trollius acaulis
Trollius altaicus
Trollius asiaticus
Trollius austrosibiricus
Trollius chinensis
Trollius dschungaricus
Trollius europaeus
Trollius farreri
Trollius japonicus
Trollius laxus
Trollius ledebourii
Trollius lilacinus
Trollius paluster
Trollius papaverus
Trollius pumilus
Trollius ranunculinus
Trollius yunnanensis

Contents

Synonyms
  • RanunculastrumHeist. ex Fabr.
  • GaisseniaRaf.
  • HegemoneBunge ex Ledeb.

Trollius is a genus of about 30 species of flowering plants closely related to Ranunculus , in the family Ranunculaceae. The common name of some species is globeflower [1] or globe flower. The generic name is derived from the Swiss-German word "Trollblume", meaning a rounded flower. [2] Native to the cool temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with the greatest diversity of species in Asia, Species of the genus Trollius usually grow in heavy, wet clay soils. [3]

Description

Species of the genus Trollius are mostly herbaceous, fibrous rooted perennials with bright yellow, orange or lilac coloured flowers. The name "globe flower" refers to the petals of T. europaeus and T. × cultorum which are curved over the top of the flower, forming a globe. But T. pumilus has flatter flowers, and T. chinensis has open flowers with prominent stamens. [4]

Ecology

All species of the genus Trollius are poisonous to cattle and other livestock when fresh, but their acrid taste means they are usually left uneaten. They are, however, used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including silver-ground carpet.

Cultivation

Some species of the genus Trollius are popular ornamental flowers in horticulture, with several cultivars selected for large and brightly coloured flowers. The hybrid T. × cultorum [5] in particular is a source of several garden cultivars, including 'Superbus', which has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. [6] [7]

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<i>Trollius <span style="font-style:normal;">×</span> cultorum</i> Species of flowering plant

Trollius × cultorum is a group of hybrid flowering plants of garden origin, belonging to the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. There are several cultivars, derived from T. europaeus, T. asiaticus and T. chinensis. These are clump-forming herbaceous perennials whose preferred location is heavy, moist or even boggy ground, in full sun or partial shade. Typically growing to 60 cm (24 in) tall, they bear showy double flowers up to 6 cm (2.4 in) in diameter. Flowers appear in shades of cream, yellow and orange. The curved "petals" are actually sepals, surrounding the smaller, nectar-bearing petals. The spherical or cupped shape of the blooms gives rise to the common name globeflower, which they share with other Trollius species.

<i>Trollius chinensis</i> Species of plant in the genus Trollius

Trollius chinensis, the Chinese globeflower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, found from southern Siberia to the southern Russian Far East, Sakhalin, the Kurils, Mongolia, Korea, and northern China. Its cultivar 'Golden Queen' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

References

  1. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Trollius". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 12 December 2015.
  2. Gledhill D. 1985. The Names of Plants. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   0521366755
  3. "A New Species from South Siberia". Novataxa. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  4. RHS A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN   978-1405332965.
  5. "Missouri Botanical Garden" . Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  6. "RHS Plant Selector - Trollius × cultorum 'Superbus'" . Retrieved 7 June 2013.
  7. "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 103. Retrieved 25 December 2018.