Meteorological history | |
---|---|
Formed | 14 November 2024 |
Dissipated | 18 November 2024 |
Tropical storm | |
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/NWS) | |
Highest winds | 50 mph (85 km/h) |
Lowest pressure | 997 mbar (hPa);29.44 inHg |
Overall effects | |
Fatalities | 12 |
Missing | 2 |
Damage | >$97.4 million (2024 USD) |
Areas affected | |
Part of the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season |
Tropical Storm Sara was a slow-moving tropical cyclone that caused severe flooding in northern Central America in November 2024. The eighteenth named storm of the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season, [1] Sara developed from a disturbance over the central Caribbean Sea associated with a tropical wave. It consolidated into a tropical depression early on November 14,and strengthened into Tropical Storm Sara later that same day. The next day,the storm grazed and slowly moved parallel to the northern coast of Honduras. Later,on the morning of November 17,Sara made landfall near Dangriga,Belize. Inland,the storm weakened into a tropical depression,then degenerated into a remnant low while over Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula. AON has placed preliminary damage estimates in the millions of dollars. [2]
On November 11, an area of low-pressure associated with a tropical wave formed south of Hispaniola over the central Caribbean Sea. [3] The system moved generally westward toward Central America into the next day, and the National Hurricane Center (NHC) noted the high possibility of further organization due to favorable environmental conditions. [4] Though its low-level circulation remained broad and elongated on the afternoon of November 13, the disturbance was deemed likely by the NHC to soon be bringing tropical storm or hurricane conditions to parts of Central America, and so was designated Potential Tropical Cyclone Nineteen. [5] [6] Early during the morning of November 14, the system completed tropical cyclogenesis about 280 mi (450 km) east of Guanaja, Honduras, and was upgraded to Tropical Depression Nineteen. [7] That afternoon, the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Sara. [8] On the evening of November 14, data from an Air Force Hurricane Hunter pass over Sara's the northern semicircle indicated that the storm had moved just inland or very near the northeastern coast of Honduras, [9] striking about 105 mi (165 km) west-northwest of Cabo Gracias a Dios. [10]
On November 15, Sara continued to slowly parallel the northern coast of Honduras, its center having reformed just offshore, between the Bay Islands and the mainland. [11] Then, later that day, the storm became stationary, and remained so into the next morning. [12] [13] During the afternoon, the system began to move westward away from the Bay Islands into the Gulf of Honduras. Despite having stayed offshore, Sara remained a weak tropical storm with winds of 45 mph (75 km/h) due to the interaction between its broader circulation and the mountainous terrain of northern Honduras, and was struggling to produce deep convection. [14] Overnight, the system moved slowly west-northwestward at 5 mph (7 km/h). [15] Sara made landfall in Belize at around 14:00 UTC on November 17, near Dangriga, with sustained winds of 40 mph (65 km/h). Just before landfall, the storm underwent a burst of convection near the center, with bursting deep convection and lightning flashes. [16] About four hours after landfall, Sara weakened to a tropical depression inland over Belize. [17] The deteriorating system moved west-northwestward. Satellite imagery that evening showed a small area of convection persisting near and to the west of the estimated low-level center. [18] Sara soon lost its closed circulation and degenerated into a trough of low pressure southwest of Campeche. Its remnants later emerged over the southwestern Gulf of Mexico, [19] where they merged with a cold front moving over the Southeastern United States. [20]
On November 13, the governments of Honduras and Nicaragua issued hurricane watches and tropical storm warnings for the northeastern coast of Honduras from Punta Castilla to the Honduras–Nicaragua border and the northeastern coast of Nicaragua from the Honduras–Nicaragua border to Puerto Cabezas, respectively. [5] Guatemala's Caribbean and Belize's entire coast was placed under a tropical storm warning on November 15. [10] [21] Additionally, the government of Mexico issued a tropical storm warning for the Quintana Roo coast from Puerto Costa Maya southward to Chetumal. [22] The Eastern Slopes of the Maya Mountains were placed under landslide warning. [23]
President of Honduras Xiomara Castro declared a state of emergency for the nation. [24] Six departments in Honduras were placed under red warning and four under yellow. [25] [26] Golosón and Juan Manuel Gálvez International Airports in Honduras were closed. [27] American and United Airlines waived some fees related to flight rescheduling. [28] Around 4,000 Hondurans moved to shelters as a result of Sara. [29]
The government of Belize's National Emergency Management Office activated its district committees. [30] The Ministry of Education, Culture, Science, and Technology canceled classes for November 18. [23] Philip S. W. Goldson International Airport was closed. [31] From Middle Caye, 650 people left for the mainland. [31] Public transportation in San Pedro Town was suspended. [31]
In Mexico, the government rushed to repair buildings that lost their roofs due to strong winds earlier in the week. [32]
Country | Deaths |
---|---|
Dominican Republic | 2 |
Haiti | 1 |
Nicaragua | 2 |
Honduras | 7 |
Total | 12 |
The nascent disturbance caused flooding in the Dominican Republic, resulting in the evacuation of 1,767 people, isolating 54 communities, destroying two homes and damaging 487 more. Two fishermen were left missing and were later found dead near Sabana de la Mar. [33] Floods also affected southern Haiti, killing one person, leaving two missing and damaging 3,554 houses in Sud Department. [34]
Two people were killed in Nicaragua; one in San Francisco de Cuapa and another in Estelí. Over 1,800 houses and six schools were flooded, of which three were destroyed, affecting 5,000 people. [35] [36]
Over 251 communities were isolated in Honduras. [29] Some areas in the nation saw 19.7 in (500 mm) of rain. Nine bridges were destroyed due to Sara, and many more were damaged. [37] Saopin bridge in La Ceiba collapsed due to flooding in the Cangrejal River. [38] A pedestrian bridge on the Bermejo River collapsed in San Pedro Sula. [39] The Ulúa and Chamelecón Rivers swelled up, approaching populated areas. [40] Three people were rescued in Gracias a Dios Department. [24] A man drowned in the department of Yoro. [12] A traffic accident occurred in Santa Cruz de Yojoa, killing another person. [41] Across the country, 427 houses were destroyed and 4,440 others were damaged. [42] Over 2,000 rescues were made in the nation. [43] In total, six people were killed as a result of drowning, and one person were declared missing. [42] In Honduras, damage is estimated to be at 2.468 billion lempiras (USD$97.4 million). [44]
In Belize, Ambergris Caye saw flooding and beach erosion due to Sara. [31] Downtown San Ignacio was inundated. [45] Communities along the Mopan and Macal Rivers were acutely affected by Sara. [46] Dams began to overflow as well. [46] Celebrations related to Garifuna Settlement Day were disrupted by Sara. [47]
Over 1,000 homes were flooded in Guatemala as a result of 25 rivers overflowing. [48] Access to potable water was disrupted across the country as well. [24] Flooding also caused agricultural damage in El Salvador. [49]
In Chetumal, Sara caused major flooding and damage. [50] Strong winds tore roofs off of houses, some of which had been reinstalled by trucks prior to the storm's arrival. [32] Garbage along the streets of Chetumal was piled up due to flooding as the sewers overflowed. [51]
Hurricane Keith was a tropical cyclone in October 2000 that caused extensive damage in Central America, especially in Mexico and Belize. It was the fifteenth tropical cyclone, eleventh named storm, and seventh hurricane of the 2000 Atlantic hurricane season. Keith developed as a tropical depression from a tropical wave in the western Caribbean Sea on September 28. The depression gradually strengthened, and became Tropical Storm Keith on the following day. As the storm tracked westward, it continued to intensify and was upgraded to a hurricane on September 30. Shortly thereafter, Keith began to rapidly deepen, and peaked as a Category 4 hurricane less than 24 hours later. Keith then began to meander erratically offshore of Belize, which significantly weakened the storm due to land interaction. By late on October 2, Keith made landfall in Ambergris Caye and Caye Caulker, Belize as a minimal hurricane. It quickly weakened to a tropical storm, before another landfall occurred near Belize City early on the following day. While moving inland over the Yucatán Peninsula, Keith weakened further, and was downgraded to a tropical depression before emerging into the Gulf of Mexico on October 4. Once in the Gulf of Mexico, Keith began to re-strengthen and was upgraded to a tropical storm later that day, and a hurricane on the following day. By late on October 5, Keith made its third and final landfall near Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico as a moderately strong Category 1 hurricane. The storm quickly weakened inland and dissipated as a tropical cyclone by 24 hours after landfall.
Hurricane Fifi, later known as Hurricane Orlene, was a catastrophic tropical cyclone that killed over 8,000 people in Honduras in September 1974, ranking it as the third deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record, only behind Hurricane Mitch in 1998, and the 1780 hurricane. Fifi is also the first billion-dollar hurricane not to make landfall in the United States. Originating from a strong tropical wave on September 14, the system steadily tracked west-northwestward through the eastern Caribbean. On September 16, the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Fifi just off the coast of Jamaica. The storm quickly intensified into a hurricane the following afternoon and attained its peak intensity on September 18 as a strong Category 2 hurricane. Maintaining hurricane intensity, Fifi brushed the northern coast of Honduras before making landfall in Belize the following day. The storm quickly weakened after landfall, becoming a depression late on September 20. Continuing westward, the former hurricane began to interact with another system in the eastern Pacific.
The 1931 Atlantic hurricane season was an active hurricane season, with a total of 13 storms recorded, which was the most since 1916. However, only three of them intensified into hurricanes and just one reached major hurricane intensity, which is Category 3 or higher on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson scale. Nine of the tropical cyclones were identified in real-time, while evidence of the existence of four other tropical cyclones was uncovered by the Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project in 2012 and added to the Atlantic hurricane database. Additionally, two of the tropical storms were upgraded to hurricane status as part of the reanalysis.
Hurricane Gert was a large and deadly tropical cyclone that caused extensive flooding and mudslides throughout Central America and Mexico in September 1993. The seventh named storm and third hurricane of the annual hurricane season, Gert originated as a tropical depression from a tropical wave over the southwestern Caribbean Sea on September 14. The next day, the cyclone briefly attained tropical storm strength before moving ashore in Nicaragua and proceeding through Honduras. It reorganized into a tropical storm over the Gulf of Honduras on September 17, but weakened back to a depression upon crossing the Yucatán Peninsula. Once over the warm waters of the Bay of Campeche, Gert quickly strengthened into a Category 2 hurricane by September 20. The hurricane made a final landfall on the Gulf Coast of Mexico near Tuxpan, Veracruz, with peak winds of 100 mph (160 km/h). The rugged terrain disrupted the cyclone's structure; Gert entered the Pacific Ocean as a depression near the state of Nayarit on September 21, where it briefly redeveloped a few strong thunderstorms before dissipating at sea five days later.
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Hurricane Karl was the most destructive tropical cyclone on record to strike the Mexican state of Veracruz. The eleventh tropical storm, sixth hurricane, and fifth and final major hurricane of the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season, Karl formed from an area of low pressure which had formed off of the northern coast of Venezuela on September 11. It crossed the Caribbean and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Karl on September 14. The cyclone made landfall on the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico as a strong tropical storm, and then rapidly strengthened in the Bay of Campeche before it made landfall near the city of Veracruz, on the central Mexican Gulf coast, as a major hurricane. This marked the first known time that a major hurricane existed in the Bay of Campeche. Afterwards, the storm rapidly weakened over the mountains of Mexico and dissipated on September 18.
Hurricane Paula was a small hurricane that struck Honduras and Cuba in October 2010. The eighteenth tropical cyclone, sixteenth named storm, and ninth hurricane of the season, Paula developed from a low pressure area over the southwestern Caribbean Sea on October 11. Moving northwestward, it slowly organized and was upgraded to a tropical storm shortly thereafter. Around midday on October 11, Paula made landfall near Cabo Gracias a Dios at the border of Honduras and Nicaragua. In northeastern Honduras, strong winds destroyed several homes, while rainfall destroyed a few roads and dozens of buildings, include a school and a police station. Favorable conditions such as low wind shear and warm sea surface temperatures allowed Paula to reach hurricane status early on October 12. Further intensification occurred, and the storm peaked with winds of 105 mph (165 km/h) while curving northward on October 13.
Tropical Storm Barry was a weak and short-lived tropical cyclone that brought heavy rains to parts of Central America and Mexico in June 2013. Barry originated from a tropical wave that developed in the southern Caribbean Sea. The wave tracked northwestward and began to develop in marginally favorable conditions. On June 17, the disturbance was upgraded to Tropical Depression Two by the National Hurricane Center. Due to its close proximity to land, the system failed to intensify before crossing the southern Yucatán Peninsula. The depression emerged over the Bay of Campeche late on June 18 and became increasingly organized. During the afternoon of June 19, data from Hurricane Hunters revealed the system had intensified into a tropical storm. The newly named Barry attained peak winds of 45 mph (75 km/h) before making landfall in Veracruz, Mexico on June 20. Once onshore, the storm quickly weakened and degenerated into a remnant low that night.
Hurricane Nate was a deadly and destructive tropical cyclone which was the costliest natural disaster in Costa Rican history. An unusually fast-moving tropical cyclone, it caused severe flooding in Central America, leading to widespread destruction and casualties, during early October 2017, before making landfall on the US Gulf Coast. The fourteenth named storm and ninth hurricane of the extremely active 2017 Atlantic hurricane season, Nate originated from a broad area of low pressure over the southwestern Caribbean on October 3. The disturbance moved northwest, organizing into a tropical depression the next day and attaining tropical storm intensity early on October 5. The storm made landfall in Nicaragua that same day and continued into Honduras with little change in strength. Nate began steady intensification over the warm waters of the northwestern Caribbean Sea shortly thereafter. It attained hurricane strength while moving through the Yucatán Channel early on October 7, attaining peak winds of 90 mph (150 km/h) in the central Gulf of Mexico later that day. Early on the next day, Nate made landfall near the mouth of the Mississippi River in Louisiana. After crossing the marshland of the Mississippi Delta, it made its second U.S. landfall near Biloxi, Mississippi early on October 8, causing a storm surge to flood the ground floors of coastal casinos and buildings, as well as causing rip currents, hurricane-force winds, and beach erosion.
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Tropical Storm Amanda and Tropical Storm Cristobal were two related, consecutive tropical cyclones that affected Central America, southern Mexico, the Central United States, and Canada in late May and early June 2020. The first tropical cyclone formed in the East Pacific and was named Amanda. After crossing Central America, its remnants regenerated into a second one in the Gulf of Mexico and was named Cristobal. Amanda was the second tropical depression and the first named storm of the 2020 Pacific hurricane season, and Cristobal was the third named storm of the extremely active 2020 Atlantic hurricane season, and the earliest third named storm in the North Atlantic Ocean on record. Cristobal's regeneration date in the North Atlantic eclipsed the date set by Tropical Storm Colin in 2016, which formed on June 5. It was also the first Atlantic tropical storm formed in the month of June since Cindy in 2017, and the first June tropical cyclone to make landfall in Mexico since Danielle in 2016.
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Tropical Storm Nadine was a short-lived tropical cyclone that made landfall in Belize in October 2024. The fourteenth named storm of the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season, Nadine originated from a non-tropical disturbance over the western Caribbean Sea, and underwent tropical cyclogenesis on the same day. After developing a closed circulation, the system was named Nadine by the National Hurricane Center on October 19. After gradually strengthening as it neared the coast, Nadine then made landfall near Belize City with 60 mph winds. After moving across Belize and Guatemala, it then weakened to a tropical depression before degenerating to a remnant low over southeastern Mexico. Its remnants later contributed to the formation of Hurricane Kristy in the eastern Pacific.