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Tryptic soy broth or Trypticase soy broth (frequently abbreviated as TSB) is used in microbiology laboratories as a culture broth to grow aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. It is a general purpose medium that is routinely used to grow bacteria which tend to have high nutritional requirements (i.e., they are fastidious). [1]
Sterility test medium in USP and EP as well as for inocula preparation for CLSI standards. [1]
TSB is frequently used in commercial diagnostics in conjunction with the additive sodium thioglycolate which promotes growth of anaerobes. [2]
To prepare 1 liter of TSB, the following ingredients are dissolved under gentle heat. Adjustments to pH should be made using 1N HCl or 1N NaOH to reach a final target pH of 7.3 ± 0.2 at 25°C. The solution is then autoclaved for 15 minutes at 121°C. [3]
Tryptic Soy Agar contains per liter:
An agar plate is a Petri dish that contains a growth medium solidified with agar, used to culture microorganisms. Sometimes selective compounds are added to influence growth, such as antibiotics.
A blood culture is a medical laboratory test used to detect bacteria or fungi in a person's blood. Under normal conditions, the blood does not contain microorganisms: their presence can indicate a bloodstream infection such as bacteremia or fungemia, which in severe cases may result in sepsis. By culturing the blood, microbes can be identified and tested for resistance to antimicrobial drugs, which allows clinicians to provide an effective treatment.
Lauryl tryptose broth (LTB) is a selective growth medium (broth) for coliforms.
A growth medium or culture medium is a solid, liquid, or semi-solid designed to support the growth of a population of microorganisms or cells via the process of cell proliferation or small plants like the moss Physcomitrella patens. Different types of media are used for growing different types of cells.
Lysogeny broth (LB) is a nutritionally rich medium primarily used for the growth of bacteria. Its creator, Giuseppe Bertani, intended LB to stand for lysogeny broth, but LB has also come to colloquially mean Luria broth, Lennox broth, life broth or Luria–Bertani medium. The formula of the LB medium was published in 1951 in the first paper of Bertani on lysogeny. In this article he described the modified single-burst experiment and the isolation of the phages P1, P2, and P3. He had developed the LB medium to optimize Shigella growth and plaque formation.
Thioglycolic acid (TGA) is the organic compound HSCH2CO2H. TGA is often called mercaptoacetic acid (MAA). It contains both a thiol (mercaptan) and carboxylic acid functional groups. It is a colorless liquid with a strongly unpleasant odor. TGA is miscible with polar organic solvents.
Tryptone is the assortment of peptides formed by the digestion of casein by the protease trypsin.
Rappaport-Vassiliadis soya peptone broth is used as an enrichment growth medium for the isolation of Salmonella species. It is not recommended for the enrichment of Salmonella Typhi or Paratyphi, which is inhibited due to the malachite green in RVS broth. It is an alternative to selenite broth. It is not associated with potential teratogenicity problems seen with the use of selenite broth. It enriches salmonellae because they are better able to survive the high osmotic pressure in the medium and because they can multiply at relatively lower pH and higher temperatures compared with other gut bacteria. RVS broth has a pH around 5.2.
Trypticase soy agar or Tryptic soy agar (TSA) is a growth media for the culturing of moderately to non fastidious bacteria. It is a general-purpose, non-selective media providing enough nutrients to allow for a wide variety of microorganisms to grow. It is used for a wide range of applications, including culture storage, enumeration of cells (counting), isolation of pure cultures, or simply general culture.
Super Optimal Broth is a nutrient-rich bacterial growth medium used for microbiological culture, generally of Escherichia coli. This nutrient-rich microbial broth contains peptides, amino acids, water soluble vitamins and glucose in a low-salt formulation. It was developed by Douglas Hanahan in 1983 and is an adjusted version of the commonly used LB medium. Growth of E. coli in SOB or SOC medium results in higher transformation efficiencies of plasmids. SOC medium can also be used to regenerate Klebsiella oxytoca strains for the improved transformation efficiency.
R2A agar is a culture medium developed to study bacteria which normally inhabit potable water. These bacteria tend to be slow-growing species and would quickly be suppressed by faster-growing species on a richer culture medium.
The Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) test is a microbiological test roughly named for its ability to test a microorganism's ability to ferment sugars and to produce hydrogen sulfide. It is often used to differentiate enteric bacteria including Salmonella and Shigella.
Thioglycolate broth is a multipurpose, enrichment, differential medium used primarily to determine the oxygen requirements of microorganisms. Sodium thioglycolate in the medium consumes oxygen and permits the growth of obligate anaerobes. This, combined with the diffusion of oxygen from the top of the broth, produces a range of oxygen concentrations in the medium along its depth. The oxygen concentration at a given level is indicated by a redox-sensitive dye such as resazurine that turns pink in the presence of oxygen.
Cystine tryptic agar (CTA), also known as cystine trypticase agar, is a growth medium used for the identification of microorganisms.
Lysine iron agar or LIA is a differential media used to distinguish bacteria that are able to decarboxylate lysine and/or produce hydrogen sulfide from those that cannot. This test is particularly useful for distinguishing different Gram-negative bacilli—especially among the Enterobacteriaceae.
Acaricomes phytoseiuli is a bacterium which is thought to be a pathogen of the mite Phytoseiulus persimilis. A. phytoseiuli causes a set of symptoms in the mite, known as nonresponding syndrome or NR syndrome. Dramatic changes in longevity, fecundity, and behavior are characteristic with this disease. The bacteria accumulate in the lumen of the mite's digestive tract and cause extreme degeneration of its epithelium. Infection with A. phytoseiuli greatly reduces the mite's attraction to herbivore-induced plant volatiles, and the mite is more prone to leave patches with ample prey. The disease is transmitted horizontally by means of feces and debris. The strain that was isolated was “CSC”. Differences between strain CSC compared to its closest phylogenetic neighbors are as follows: CSC uses glucose-1-phosphate and L-glutamic acid, and its colonies are more yellow in appearance as compared to its phylogenetic neighbors which are more cream/white in color.
Virtual colony count (VCC) is a kinetic, 96-well microbiological assay originally developed to measure the activity of defensins. It has since been applied to other antimicrobial peptides including LL-37. It utilizes a method of enumerating bacteria called quantitative growth kinetics, which compares the time taken for a bacterial batch culture to reach a threshold optical density with that of a series of calibration curves. The name VCC has also been used to describe the application of quantitative growth kinetics to enumerate bacteria in cell culture infection models. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) can be done on 96-well plates by diluting the antimicrobial agent at varying concentrations in broth inoculated with bacteria and measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration that results in no growth. However, these methods cannot be used to study some membrane-active antimicrobial peptides, which are inhibited by the broth itself. The virtual colony count procedure takes advantage of this fact by first exposing bacterial cells to the active antimicrobial agent in a low-salt buffer for two hours, then simultaneously inhibiting antimicrobial activity and inducing exponential growth by adding broth. The growth kinetics of surviving cells can then be monitored using a temperature-controlled plate reader. The time taken for each growth curve to reach a threshold change in optical density is then converted into virtual survival values, which serve as a measure of antimicrobial activity.
Sporosarcina ureae is a type of bacteria of the genus Sporosarcina, and is closely related to the genus Bacillus. S. ureae is an aerobic, motile, spore-forming, Gram-positive coccus, originally isolated in the early 20th century from soil. S. ureae is distinguished by its ability to grow in relatively high concentrations of urea through production of at least one exourease, an enzyme that converts urea to ammonia. S. ureae has also been found to sporulate when environmental conditions become unfavorable, and can remain viable for up to a year.
Sphingosinicella humi is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is a member of the genus Sphingosinicella. It is strictly aerobic, flagellated, and motile. Colonies are white, convex, circular, and slightly transparent. S. humi grows in the presence of arsenic and sodium chloride. The optimum temperature for growth is 28˚C, but S. humi can grow within the temperature range of 16-42 ˚C. The organism can grow in a pH range of 6.5-9. Culture growth occurs on Reasoner’s 2A agar medium and in 1/10 tryptic soy broth.
Schädler agar is a nutrient-rich growth medium primarily used in microbiology for the cultivation of anaerobic bacteria. It was developed to support the growth of a wide variety of anaerobic organisms, providing a conducive environment for both fastidious and non-fastidious anaerobes. The medium contains a combination of peptones, yeast extract, and other nutrients that create an optimal growth environment. Additionally, reducing agents such as cysteine and sodium thioglycolate are included to maintain the anaerobic conditions necessary for the survival of these bacteria.
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