Typhonium flagelliforme

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Typhonium flagelliforme
Rumphia, sive, Commentationes botanicae| imprimis de plantis Indiae| Orientalis (8329496275).jpg
Typhonium flagelliforme foliage.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Alismatales
Family: Araceae
Genus: Typhonium
Species:
T. flagelliforme
Binomial name
Typhonium flagelliforme
Synonyms [1]
  • Arum flagelliformeG.Lodd.
  • Heterostalis flagelliformis(G.Lodd.) Schott
  • Arum divaricatumL.
  • Arum cuspidatumBlume
  • Typhonium cuspidatum(Blume) Decne.
  • Arum ptychiurumZipp. ex Kunth
  • Typhonium sylvaticumVoigt
  • Arum angulatumGriff.
  • Arum flagelliferumGriff.
  • Typhonium flagelliferumGriff.
  • Typhonium hastiferumMiq.
  • Typhonium reinwardtianumde Vriese & Miq.
  • Typhonium incurvatumBlatt. & McCann

Typhonium flagelliforme is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae. [2]

Typhonium flagelliforme is native to Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, New Guinea, Queensland, and the Australian Northern Territory. [1] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

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<i>Acorus</i> Genus of aquatic plants

Acorus is a genus of monocot flowering plants. This genus was once placed within the family Araceae (aroids), but more recent classifications place it in its own family Acoraceae and order Acorales, of which it is the sole genus of the oldest surviving line of monocots. Some older studies indicated that it was placed in a lineage, that also includes aroids (Araceae), Tofieldiaceae, and several families of aquatic monocots. However, modern phylogenetic studies demonstrate that Acorus is sister to all other monocots. Common names include calamus and sweet flag.

<i>Alocasia</i> genus of flowering plant

Alocasia is a genus of rhizomatous or tuberous, broad-leaved, perennial, flowering plants from the family Araceae. There are 97 accepted species native to tropical and subtropical Asia and Eastern Australia. Around the world, many growers widely cultivate a range of hybrids and cultivars.

<i>Arisaema</i> Genus of plants

Arisaema is a large and diverse genus of the flowering plant family Araceae. The largest concentration of species is in China and Japan, with other species native to other parts of southern Asia as well as eastern and central Africa, Mexico and eastern North America. Asiatic species are often called cobra lilies, while western species are often called jack-in-the-pulpit; both names refer to the distinctive appearance of the flower, which consists of an erect central spadix rising from a spathe.

<i>Typhonium</i> Genus of flowering plants

Typhonium is a genus in the family Araceae native to eastern and southern Asia, New Guinea, and Australia. It is most often found growing in wooded areas.

  1. Typhonium acetosellaGagnep. - Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
  2. Typhonium adnatumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  3. Typhonium albidinerviumC.Z.Tang & H.Li - Guangdong, Hainan, Laos, Thailand
  4. Typhonium albispathumBogner - Thailand
  5. Typhonium alismifoliumF.Muell. - Queensland, Northern Territory
  6. Typhonium angustilobumF.Muell. - Queensland, New Guinea
  7. Typhonium bachmaenseV.D.Nguyen & Hett. - Vietnam
  8. Typhonium baoshanenseZ.L.Dao & H.Li - Yunnan
  9. Typhonium blumeiNicolson & Sivad. - Japan, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, much of China, Bangladesh, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam; naturalized in Madagascar, Mauritius, Comoros, Borneo, Philippines, West Indies
  10. Typhonium bognerianumJ.Murata & Sookch. - Thailand
  11. Typhonium browniiSchott - Queensland, New South Wales
  12. Typhonium bulbiferumDalzell - southern India
  13. Typhonium circinnatumHett. & J.Mood - Vietnam
  14. Typhonium cochleareA.Hay - Northern Territory of Australia
  15. Typhonium cordifoliumS.Y.Hu - Thailand
  16. Typhonium digitatumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  17. Typhonium echinulatumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  18. Typhonium eliosurum(F.Muell. ex Benth.) O.D.Evans - New South Wales
  19. Typhonium filiformeRidl. - Thailand, Malaysia
  20. Typhonium flagelliforme(G.Lodd.) Blume - Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory
  21. Typhonium fultumRidl. - Thailand, Malaysia
  22. Typhonium gagnepainiiJ.Murata & Sookch. - Thailand, Cambodia
  23. Typhonium gallowayiHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  24. Typhonium glaucumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  25. Typhonium griseumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  26. Typhonium hayataeSriboonma & J.Murata - Vietnam
  27. Typhonium huenseNguyen & Croat - Vietnam
  28. Typhonium hunanenseH.Li & Z.Q.Liu - Hunan
  29. Typhonium inopinatumPrain - India, Myanmar, Thailand
  30. Typhonium jinpingenseZ.L.Wang, H.Li & F.H.Bian - Yunnan
  31. Typhonium johnsonianumA.Hay & S.M.Taylor - Northern Territory of Australia
  32. Typhonium jonesiiA.Hay - Northern Territory of Australia
  33. Typhonium laoticumGagnep. - Thailand, Laos
  34. Typhonium liliifoliumF.Muell. ex Schott - Northern Territory, Western Australia
  35. Typhonium lineareHett. & V.D.Nguyen - Vietnam
  36. Typhonium listeriPrain - Assam, Bangladesh, Myanmar
  37. Typhonium medusaeHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  38. Typhonium mirabile(A.Hay) A.Hay - Melville Island of Australia
  39. Typhonium neogracileJ.Murata - Assam, Bangladesh, Myanmar
  40. Typhonium nudibaccatumA.Hay - Western Australia
  41. Typhonium orbifoliumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  42. Typhonium pedatisectumGage - Myanmar
  43. Typhonium pedunculatumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  44. Typhonium peltandroidesA.Hay, M.D.Barrett & R.L.Barrett - Western Australia
  45. Typhonium penicillatumV.D.Nguyen & Hett. - Vietnam
  46. Typhonium pottingeriPrain - Myanmar
  47. Typhonium praecoxJ.Murata - Myanmar
  48. Typhonium praetermissumA.Hay - Northern Territory of Australia
  49. Typhonium pusillumSookch., V.D.Nguyen & Hett. - Thailand
  50. Typhonium reflexumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  51. Typhonium roxburghiiSchott - Taiwan, Yunnan, Bonin Islands, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Andaman Islands, Thailand, Malaysia, western Indonesia, Philippines, New Guinea; naturalized in Western Australia, eastern Brazil, Tanzania
  52. Typhonium russell-smithiiA.Hay - Northern Territory of Australia
  53. Typhonium sagittariifoliumGagnep. - Thailand
  54. Typhonium saraburiensisSookch., Hett. & J.Murata - Thailand
  55. Typhonium sinhabaedyaeHett. & A.Galloway - Thailand
  56. Typhonium smitinandiiSookch. & J.Murata - Thailand
  57. Typhonium stigmatilobatumV.D.Nguyen - Vietnam
  58. Typhonium subglobosumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  59. Typhonium tayloriiA.Hay - Northern Territory of Australia
  60. Typhonium trifoliatumF.T.Wang & H.S.Lo ex H.Li, Y.Shiao & S.L.Tseng - Mongolia, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi
  61. Typhonium trilobatum(L.) Schott - southern China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina; naturalized in Windward Islands, Ivory Coast, Borneo, Philippines
  62. Typhonium tubispathumHett. & A.Galloway - Thailand
  63. Typhonium variansHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  64. Typhonium vermiformeV.D.Nguyen & Croat - Vietnam
  65. Typhonium violifoliumGagnep. - Myanmar, Thailand
  66. Typhonium watanabeiJ.Murata, Sookch. & Hett. - Thailand
  67. Typhonium weipanumA.Hay - Queensland
  68. Typhonium wilbertiiA.Hay - Queensland
<i>Furcraea foetida</i> Species of flowering plant

Furcraea foetida is a species of flowering plant native to the Caribbean and northern South America. It is widely cultivated and reportedly naturalized in many places

<i>Pothos</i> (plant) Genus of plants

Pothos is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, Australia, New Guinea, Southeast Asia, and various islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

<i>Campylospermum serratum</i> Species of shrub or tree

Campylospermum serratum is a plant in the family Ochnaceae. The specific epithet serratum is from the Latin meaning "with teeth", referring to the leaf margin. It is found in Tropical Asia, from Sulawesi, Indonesia to Hainan, Zhōngguó/China and over to southwester India. Gomphia serrata was a previous common name for the species. The plant is used for it wood and its sap is used in folk medicine and in the past for teeth-blackening.

<i>Rhaphidophora</i> Genus of plants

Rhaphidophora is a genus in the family Araceae, occurring from tropical Africa eastwards through Malesia and Australasia to the Western Pacific. The genus consists of approximately 100 species.

<i>Callopsis</i> Genus of flowering plants

Callopsis is a monotypic genus from the plant family Araceae and has only one species, Callopsis volkensii. This plant forms a creeping rhizome and has cordate-ovate leaves that are medium green and glaborous. The inflorescence is typical of the family Araceae, with a white spathe and yellow spadix. The spadix is shorter than the spathe and its male and female flowers are separated shortly.

<i>Homalomena</i> Genus of flowering plants

Homalomena is a genus of flowering plants within the family Araceae. Homalomena are primarily found in southern Asia and the southwestern Pacific, but there are a few species that are known to be indigenous to Latin America. Many Homalomena have a strong smell of anise. The name derives apparently from a mistranslated Malayan vernacular name, translated as homalos, meaning flat, and mene = moon.

<i>Schismatoglottis</i> Genus of flowering plants

Schismatoglottis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. Members of the genus are similar in appearance and growth habit to those of the genus Homalomena, but the two genera are not closely related. The primary difference is that the leaves of Schismatoglottis are not aromatic. Schismatoglottis are found primarily in tropical parts of Southeast Asia, New Guinea, and Melanesia. The majority of the species are native to the Island of Borneo.

  1. Schismatoglottis acutifoliaEngl. - Borneo
  2. Schismatoglottis adocetaS.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  3. Schismatoglottis ahmadiiA.Hay - Borneo
  4. Schismatoglottis ardeniiA.Hay - Sarawak
  5. Schismatoglottis asperataEngl. - Borneo
  6. Schismatoglottis barbataEngl. - Sarawak
  7. Schismatoglottis bauensisA.Hay & C.Lee - Sarawak
  8. Schismatoglottis bifasciataEngl. - Borneo
  9. Schismatoglottis bogneriA.Hay - Luzon, Mindoro
  10. Schismatoglottis brevicuspisHook.f. - Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra
  11. Schismatoglottis calyptrata(Roxb.) Zoll. & Moritzi - Guangxi, Taiwan, Indochina, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Bismarck Archipelago, Vanuatu
  12. Schismatoglottis canaliculataEngl. - Borneo
  13. Schismatoglottis ciliataA.Hay - Sarawak
  14. Schismatoglottis claraeA.Hay - Sarawak
  15. Schismatoglottis clausulaS.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  16. Schismatoglottis clemensiorumA.Hay - Sabah
  17. Schismatoglottis confinisS.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sarawak
  18. Schismatoglottis conoideaEngl. - Sarawak
  19. Schismatoglottis convolvulaP.C.Boyce - Sarawak
  20. Schismatoglottis corneriA.Hay - Borneo, Anambas
  21. Schismatoglottis crinitissimaA.Hay - Borneo
  22. Schismatoglottis cyriaP.C.Boyce - Brunei
  23. Schismatoglottis decipiensA.Hay - Sabah
  24. Schismatoglottis dilectaS.Y.Wong, P.C.Boyce & S.L.Low - Sarawak
  25. Schismatoglottis dulosaS.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  26. Schismatoglottis ecaudataA.Hay - Sumatra
  27. Schismatoglottis edanoiA.Hay - Samar in Philippines
  28. Schismatoglottis elegansA.Hay - Sarawak
  29. Schismatoglottis erectaM.Hotta - Sarawak
  30. Schismatoglottis eximiaEngl. - Borneo
  31. Schismatoglottis eymaeA.Hay - Sulawesi
  32. Schismatoglottis ferrugineaMerr. - Sabah
  33. Schismatoglottis gamoandraM.Hotta - Sarawak
  34. Schismatoglottis gillianiaeP.C.Boyce - Brunei
  35. Schismatoglottis glaucaEngl. - Borneo
  36. Schismatoglottis grabowskiiEngl. - Kalimantan Selatan
  37. Schismatoglottis hainanensisH.Li - Hainan
  38. Schismatoglottis harmandiiEngl. - Laos
  39. Schismatoglottis hayanaBogner & P.C.Boyce - Sarawak
  40. Schismatoglottis hayiS.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sarawak
  41. Schismatoglottis hottaeBogner & Nicolson - Brunei
  42. Schismatoglottis ifugaoensisS.Y.Wong, Bogner & P.C.Boyce - Luzon
  43. Schismatoglottis incultaKurniawan & P.C.Boyce - Sulawesi
  44. Schismatoglottis jelandiiP.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  45. Schismatoglottis jepomiiP.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  46. Schismatoglottis jitinaeS.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  47. Schismatoglottis josefiiA.Hay - Sarawak
  48. Schismatoglottis kurziiHook.f. - Myanmar
  49. Schismatoglottis lancifoliaHallier f. & Engl. - Borneo
  50. Schismatoglottis latevaginataEngl. - Borneo
  51. Schismatoglottis linaeS.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  52. Schismatoglottis linguaA.Hay - Sabah
  53. Schismatoglottis longispathaW.Bull - Sarawak
  54. Schismatoglottis luzonensisEngl. - Philippines
  55. Schismatoglottis maeliiP.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  56. Schismatoglottis matangensisS.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  57. Schismatoglottis mayoanaBogner & M.Hotta - Sarawak
  58. Schismatoglottis merrilliiEngl. - Luzon
  59. Schismatoglottis mindanaoanaEngl. - Mindanao
  60. Schismatoglottis miraS.Y.Wong, P.C.Boyce & S.L.Low - Sarawak
  61. Schismatoglottis modestaSchott - Kalimantan Tengah
  62. Schismatoglottis monoplacentaM.Hotta - Sarawak
  63. Schismatoglottis moodiiA.Hay - Sabah
  64. Schismatoglottis motleyana(Schott) Engl. - Borneo
  65. Schismatoglottis multifloraRidl. - Borneo
  66. Schismatoglottis multinerviaM.Hotta - Sarawak
  67. Schismatoglottis nervosaRidl. - Sarawak
  68. Schismatoglottis niahensisA.Hay - Sarawak
  69. Schismatoglottis nicolsoniiA.Hay - Sarawak
  70. Schismatoglottis patentinerviaEngl. - Borneo
  71. Schismatoglottis pectinerviaA.Hay - Brunei
  72. Schismatoglottis penangensisEngl - Penang
  73. Schismatoglottis petriA.Hay - Brunei
  74. Schismatoglottis platystigmaM.Hotta - Brunei
  75. Schismatoglottis pluriveniaAlderw. - Philippines, Sulawesi
  76. Schismatoglottis puberulipesAlderw. - Borneo
  77. Schismatoglottis pudendaA.Hay - Sarawak
  78. Schismatoglottis pumilaHallier f. ex Engl. - Borneo
  79. Schismatoglottis pusillaEngl. - Philippines
  80. Schismatoglottis pyrrhiasA.Hay - Sarawak
  81. Schismatoglottis retinerviaFurtado - Sabah
  82. Schismatoglottis roseospathaBogner - Sarawak
  83. Schismatoglottis samarensisA.Hay - Samar in Philippines
  84. Schismatoglottis sarikeensis(Bogner & M.Hotta) A.Hay & Bogner - Sarawak
  85. Schismatoglottis schottiiBogner & Nicolson - Borneo
  86. Schismatoglottis scortechiniiHook.f. - Peninsular Malaysia
  87. Schismatoglottis sejunctaA.Hay - Brunei
  88. Schismatoglottis silamensisA.Hay - Sabah
  89. Schismatoglottis simoniiS.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  90. Schismatoglottis subundulata(Zoll. ex Schott) Nicolson - Sulawesi
  91. Schismatoglottis tahubangensisA.Hay & Hersc. - Sabah
  92. Schismatoglottis tecturata(Schott) Engl. - Borneo, Riau Islands
  93. Schismatoglottis tessellataS.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  94. Schismatoglottis thelephoraS.Y.Wong, P.C.Boyce & S.L.Low - Sarawak
  95. Schismatoglottis trifasciataEngl. - Borneo
  96. Schismatoglottis trivittataHallier - Borneo
  97. Schismatoglottis trusmadiensisA.Hay & Mood - Sabah
  98. Schismatoglottis turbataS.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  99. Schismatoglottis ulusarikeiensisS.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  100. Schismatoglottis unifoliaA.Hay & P.C.Boyce - Sabah
  101. Schismatoglottis venustaA.Hay - Sabah
  102. Schismatoglottis viridissimaA.Hay - Sarawak
  103. Schismatoglottis wahaianaAlderw. - Seram in Maluku
  104. Schismatoglottis wallichiiHook.f. - Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra
  105. Schismatoglottis warburgianaEngl. - Sagapan, Mindanao
  106. Schismatoglottis wongiiA.Hay - Sabah
  107. Schismatoglottis zonataHallier f. - - Borneo
<i>Scindapsus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Scindapsus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is native to Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Queensland, and a few western Pacific islands. The species Scindapsus pictus is common in cultivation.

Anadendrum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is native to China and Southeast Asia.

<i>Piptospatha</i> Genus of flowering plants

Piptospatha is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The genus is characteristic is rheophytic and has seeds that are dispersed by splashes of water hitting its cup-like spathes. It is native to Southeast Asia.

  1. Piptospatha burbidgei(N.E.Br.) M.Hotta - Sarawak, Sabah
  2. Piptospatha elongata(Engl.) N.E.Br. - Kalimantan Barat
  3. Piptospatha impolitaS.Y.Wong, P.C.Boyce & Bogner - Sarawak
  4. Piptospatha insignisN.E.Br. - Sarawak
  5. Piptospatha manduensisBogner & A.Hay - Kalimantan Timur
  6. Piptospatha marginata(Engl.) N.E.Br. - Sarawak
  7. Piptospatha perakensis(Engl.) Ridl. - southern Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia
  8. Piptospatha remiformisRidl. - Sarawak
  9. Piptospatha repensH.Okada & Tsukaya - Kalimantan Barat
  10. Piptospatha ridleyiN.E.Br. ex Hook.f. - Johor, Pahang, Selangor
  11. Piptospatha truncata(M.Hotta) Bogner & A.Hay - Sarawak
  12. Piptospatha viridistigmaS.Y.Wong, P.C.Boyce & Bogner - Sarawak
<i>Hapaline</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Hapaline is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It contains 7 species that are found from southern China to Borneo.

<i>Remusatia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Remusatia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It contains 4 known species, one of which was described in 1987. This species was initially placed in genus Gonatanthus called Gonatanthus ornatus. After the genus had been sunk into Remusatia its new name was Remusatia ornatus, but it was later changed to Remusatia hookeriana.

<i>Rhaphidophora decursiva</i> Species of flowering plant

Rhaphidophora decursiva is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae. It is native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, and Indochina.

<i>Alocasia fornicata</i> Species of flowering plant

Alocasia fornicata is a plant species of many-nerved, broad-leaved, rhizomatous or tuberous perennials from the family Araceae, native to Indochina and to the Indian Subcontinent. It characteristically grows 2' - 3 ' in height with slightly pink petiole, triangular wide shaped leaves and a horizontally growing stolon.

<i>Clerodendrum paniculatum</i> Species of flowering plant

Clerodendrum paniculatum, the pagoda flower, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Clerodendrum and family Lamiaceae. It is native to tropical Asia and Papuasia. It is reportedly naturalized in India, Fiji, French Polynesia, and Central America.

Apoballis is a genus of plants in the Araceae. It is native to Southeast Asia, primarily the Island of Sumatra in Indonesia. Some authorities regard this group as part of the larger genus Schismatoglottis.

  1. Apoballis acuminatissima(Schott) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sumatra
  2. Apoballis belophylla(Alderw.) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sumatra
  3. Apoballis brevipes(Hook.f.) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sumatra, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia
  4. Apoballis grandiflora(Alderw.) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sumatra
  5. Apoballis hastifolia(Hallier f. ex Engl.) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sumatra
  6. Apoballis javanica(Engl.) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Java
  7. Apoballis longicaulis(Ridl.) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sumatra
  8. Apoballis mutata(Scort. ex Hook.f.) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Myanmar, Sumatra, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia
  9. Apoballis okadae(M.Hotta) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sumatra
  10. Apoballis ovata(Schott) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sumatra
  11. Apoballis rupestris(Zoll. & Moritzi) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sumatra, Java, Bali, Lombok, Timor
  12. Apoballis sagittifolia(Alderw.) S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sumatra

References

  1. 1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ↑ Hsuan Keng, See Chung Chin & H. T. W. Tan (1998). Monocotyledons. The Concise Flora of Singapore. Vol. 2. NUS Press. p. 45. ISBN   978-9971-69-207-0.
  3. ↑ Flora of China Vol. 23 Page 35, 鞭檐犁头尖 bian yan li tou jian, Typhonium flagelliforme (Loddiges) Blume, Rumphia. 1: 134. 1837.
  4. ↑ Ara, H. (2001). An Annotated Checklist of Aroids of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 8(2): 19-34.
  5. ↑ Govaerts, R. & Frodin, D.G. (2002). World Checklist and Bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae): 1-560. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  6. ↑ Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
  7. ↑ Mansor, M., Boyce, P.C., Othman, A.S. & Sulaiman, B. (2012). The Araceae of peninsular Malaysia: 1-146. Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia.
  8. ↑ Boyce, P.C., Sookchaloem, D., Hetterscheid, W.L.A., Gusman, G., Jacobsen, N., Idei, T. & Nguyen, V.D. (2012). Flora of Thailand 11(2): 101-325. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.


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