| Urophysa | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Urophysa henryi | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Ranunculales |
| Family: | Ranunculaceae |
| Subfamily: | Thalictroideae |
| Genus: | Urophysa Ulbr. [1] |
Urophysa is a genus of perennial flowering plants belonging to the family Ranunculaceae, endemic to China. [1]
Urophysa are perennial herbaceous plants with robust, more or less woody rhizomes. The basal leaves have three leaflets with long stalks which have a sheath at the base. The plants usually produce several scapes. The inflorescences form umbels with 1–3 flowers, each with five blue (or sometimes pinkish-white in U. henryi) sepals and five petals. The petals have either a small sac or a short, hooked nectar spur at the base. The flowers have smooth stamens, ellipsoid anthers, and around seven staminodes. The seeds are densely wrinkled. [2]
The genus Urophysa was named by the German botanist Oskar Eberhard Ulbrich in 1929. Ulbrich reclassified the plant previously named Semiaquilegia henryi and Isopyrum henryi as Urophysa henryi in this new genus, and also described another species, U. rockii, in the same paper. [1] [3]
The genus name urophysa is derived from Greek οὐρά "tail" and φῦσα "bladder, swelling, inflated, bellows", referring to the small sacs (or short nectar spurs in the case of U. rockii) at the base of the petals. [3] [4]
Urophysa comprises two accepted species: [1]
Urophysa is endemic to southern China. Both species occur in Sichuan, [5] [6] while U. henryi is also native to Guizhou, western Hubei and northwestern Hunan provinces. [5]
As of January 2025 [update] , neither species has been assessed for the IUCN Red List. [7]
Both species of Urophysa flower from March to April. [5] [6]
Aquilegia is a genus of about 130 species of perennial plants that are found in meadows, woodlands, and at higher elevations throughout the Northern Hemisphere, known for the spurred petals of their flowers.
Ranunculaceae is a family of over 2,000 known species of flowering plants in 43 genera, distributed worldwide.
Hepatica is a genus of herbaceous perennials in the buttercup family, native to central and northern Europe, Asia and eastern North America. Some botanists include Hepatica within a wider interpretation of Anemone.
Aquilegia canadensis, the Canadian or Canada columbine, eastern red columbine, or wild columbine, is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. It is an herbaceous perennial native to woodland and rocky slopes in eastern North America, prized for its red and yellow flowers. It readily hybridizes with other species in the genus Aquilegia.
Anemone hepatica, the common hepatica, liverwort, liverleaf, kidneywort, or pennywort, is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native to woodland in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. This herbaceous perennial grows from a rhizome.
Anemonastrum deltoideum, also known by the common names Columbian windflower and western white anemone, is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. It is native to the forests of the west coast of the United States. This is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing between 10 and 30 centimeters tall. There is usually a single basal leaf which is divided into three large toothed leaflets, each up to 6 centimeters long. There may be more leaves along the mostly naked stem which are similar in appearance to the leaflets on the basal leaf. The inflorescence has three leaflike bracts and a single flower. The flower has no petals but five petal-like white sepals each one to two centimeters long. There are up to 120 whiskery stamens and many pistils. The fruit is a cluster of spherical achenes.
Aquilegia viridiflora, commonly known as the green columbine or green-flowered columbine, is a perennial flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, native to southern Siberia, northern China, Mongolia, and Japan.
Leptopyrum is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Ranunculaceae. The only species is Leptopyrum fumarioides, native to north and east Asia.
Aquilegia ecalcarata, the spurless columbine or false columbine, is a perennial species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, native to central China.
Aquilegia rockii is a perennial flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, native to southern China.
Aquilegia atrovinosa is a perennial species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae native to Central Asia.
Aquilegia glandulosa, the Altai columbine or Siberian columbine, is a perennial species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, native to northern and central Asia.
Aquilegia incurvata, or the Qinling columbine (秦岭耧斗菜), is a perennial species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, endemic to the Qinling mountain range in China.
Aquilegia lactiflora is a perennial species of plant in the family Ranunculaceae, native to Central Asia and the Himalayas.
Delphinieae is a tribe of the subfamily Ranunculoideae of the family Ranunculaceae. It comprises 4 genera found in Eurasia, North America, and Africa.
Aquilegia baluchistanica, common name the Balochistan columbine, is a perennial flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, endemic to Pakistan. It has pink flowers.
Aquilegia chitralensis is a perennial flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, endemic to Pakistan.
Aquilegia cymosa is a perennial flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, endemic to Pakistan.
Urophysa henryi is a perennial flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, endemic to southern China.
Urophysa rockii is a perennial flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, endemic to Sichuan in China.
