Warenne family

Last updated

The Warenne family is an English noble family founded by William de Warenne, who was created Earl of Surrey by William II Rufus in 1088. The family originated in Normandy and, as Earls, held land there and throughout England. William de Warenne was a cousin to William the Conqueror and was among his companions at the Battle of Hastings.
When the senior male-line ended in the mid-12th century, the two branches descended from their heiress adopted the Warenne surname. Several junior lines also held land or prominent offices in England and Normandy.

Contents

Warenne family
Noble family
Armoiries Vermandois.svg
Coat of arms of the House of Warenne
Country Kingdom of England, United Kingdom
Place of originNormandy, France
Founded1088;937 years ago (1088)
Founder William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey
Titles
Estate(s)
Cadet branches
  • Warenne of Esneval
  • Warenne of Waverley
  • Warenne of Whitchurch
  • Warenne of Wormegay

Etymology

The Warenne family derived their toponymic surname from the village of Varenne, river Varenne, near Arques-la-Bataille, Duchy of Normandy, now in the canton of Bellencombre, Seine Maritime. [1] [2] [3]

Origin

William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey is accepted as having been son of a Norman named Ranulf de Warenne, [4] but the early Anglo-Norman chroniclers gave confusing and contradictory accounts of the origins and relatives of this family. In his additions to the Gesta Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, chronicler Robert of Torigny reported that William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey, and Anglo-Norman baron Roger of Mortemer were brothers, both sons of an unnamed niece of Gunnor, Duchess of Normandy, making the family akin to her great-grandson, William the Conqueror. Unfortunately, Robert's genealogies are somewhat confused, and he elsewhere makes Roger a son of William de Warenne, and yet again makes both the sons of Walter de Saint Martin. Likewise, several of the descents Robert gives for Gunnor's family appear to contain too few generations. [5] Orderic Vitalis describes William as Roger's consanguineus, literally "cousin" but more generically a term of close kinship that is not typically used to describe brothers, and Roger de Mortemer appears to have been a generation older than William de Warenne. [6] [5]

Charters report several earlier men associated with Warenne. A Radulf de Warenne appears in two charters, one dated between 1027 and 1035, with a second dating from about 1050 and also naming his wife, Beatrice. A Roger son of Radulf de Warenne appears in a charter dated 1040/1053. In 1059, a Radulf appears with his wife Emma and their sons Radulf and William. These occurrences have historically been interpreted as representing a single Radulf with successive wives, with Beatrice being the mother of William and hence identical to Gunnor's unnamed niece. [7] [8] However, the 1059 charter explicitly names Emma as William's mother. [5] A reevaluation of the evidence led Katherine Keats-Rohan to suggest that the traditional view has mistakenly compressed two distant men of the same name into a single chimeric individual. She sees the earliest known family members as Radulf (I) and his wife Beatrice. Associations with the village of Vascœuil led Keats-Rohan to identify the latter with a 1054/60 widow, Beatrice, daughter of Tesselin, vicomte of Rouen, and since another Rouen vicomte married a niece of Gunnor, this may represent the connection to the ducal family to which Robert de Torigny alluded. Keats-Rohan sees Radulf (I) and Beatrice as parents of a Radulf (II) and Roger de Mortimer, with Radulf (II) in turn being the 1059 husband of Emma and by her father of Radulf (III), the heir in Normandy, and Earl William. [5] [a]

Warenne Landholdings in the Domesday Book

Landholdings in the Domesday Book of William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey

Earls of Surrey

The medieval Warenne Earls were called Earl of Warenne at least as often as Earl of Surrey; but they received the 'third penny' of Surrey. This means that they were entitled to one third of the county court fines. The numbering of the earls follows the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography ; some sources number Isabel's husbands as the fourth and fifth earls, increasing the numbering of the later earls by one.

Titles

William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey (died 1088), fought for William the Conqueror at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 and after was made the first Earl of Surrey with land in Surrey and twelve other counties. [25] The family was based in Lewes, Sussex and had castles in Yorkshire, Normandy, and Reigate Castle in Surrey.

An account of the life of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey (1088-1138) known as the Warenne Chronicle was written shortly after 1157, probably for his granddaughter Isabel de Warenne, Countess of Surrey and her husband William of Blois, Count of Boulogne. [26] He had a brother Ralph who joined in charters with the 1st and 2nd Earls in the 1130s and 1140s, including a donations to Longueville and Bellencombe Priories, near Rouen, Normandy, [27] and to the family's foundation, Lewes Priory in Sussex, England, the latter being secured with a lock of hair from his own and from Ralph's head cut by Henry of Blois, bishop of Winchester, before the altar of the priory church. [28]

The family held the Earldom of Surrey for three generations, before William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey, died on crusade in 1148, leaving an only daughter and heiress, who married successively William of Blois, the son of King Stephen, and Hamelin, illegitimate half-brother of king Henry II. The latter adopted the Warenne surname and give rise to a second line of Surrey Earls that lasted until the death of John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey in 1347, when Surrey passed via his sister to the FitzAlan Earls of Arundel.

The use of the title‘ ‘Earl of Warenne’ ‘ persisted among the direct line descendants of The Earls of Surrey and Warenne, and the two titles are said to have ‘split’. The Warenne family remain today the Earls of Warenne, while the Howard family presently hold the Earldom of Surrey.

Coat of Arms

The chequer arms of the Count of Vermandois were first adopted by William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey on his marriage to Elizabeth of Vermandois, Dowager Countess of Leicester, daughter to Hugh, Count of Vermandois. Similar arms were also adopted by his brother in law, the famous Crusader Ralph I de Beaugency who had married an older sister, Matilda. These arms continue to be used as the Flag of Surrey.

Coat of arms of the Warenne Family
Armoiries Vermandois.svg
Adopted
1118, by William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey on his marriage to Elizabeth of Vermandois, Countess of Leicester, daughter to Hugh, Count of Vermandois.
Coronet
A Coronet of an Earl.
Crest
On A Chapeau Gules, Turned Up Ermine, A Wyvern Argent, Wings Expanded Chequy Or And Azure.
Helm
Helm of a peer.
Escutcheon
Checky Or And Azure.
Supporters
On either side a Wyvern Argent, Wings Expanded Chequy Or And Azure.
Motto
Leo de juda est robur nostrum ("The Lion of Judah is our strength").

Family Tree

Ranulf I de WarenneBéatrice de Vascoeuïl
Ranulf II de WarenneEmma Torta de Pont-Audemer
Ranulf III de Warenne Gundred, Countess of Surrey William de Warenne
(1035-1088)
1st Earl of Surrey
(1088)		Frederick de Warenne
Edith de Warenne William de Warenne
(____-1138)
2nd Earl of Surrey
(1088–1101,1103–1138)		 Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Surrey
(c.1085 – 1131)
Dowager Countess of Leicester		 Robert de Beaumont
(c. 1040/50-1118)
1st Earl of Leicester , Count of Meulan
(1107-1118)		Reginald de Warenne
William de Warenne
(1119-1148)
3rd Earl of Surrey
(1138-1148)		 Adela of Ponthieu, Countess of Surrey Reginald de WarenneRalph de WarenneGundred de WarenneAda de Warenne
William of Blois
Count of Boulogne and
Earl of Surrey (jure uxoris) 		Isabel de Warenne
(c.1137–1203)
4th Countess of Surrey
(1148-1203)		 Hamelin de Warenne (of Anjou)
(c.1130–1202)
Earl of Surrey (jure uxoris) 		Waleran IV de Beaumont,
(b. 1104)
Count of Meulan, 1st Earl of Worcester
eldest twin and heir		 Robert de Beaumont

2nd Earl of Leicester & Earl of Hereford (b. 1104), twin		 Hugh de Beaumont
(____-____)
1st Earl of Bedford		Emma de BeaumontAdeline de BeaumontAubree de BeaumontAgnes de BeaumontMaud de BeaumontIsabel de Beaumont
William de Warenne
(c.1160/70-1240)
5th Earl of Surrey
(1203-1240)		 Maud Marshal, Countess of Surrey
(1192–1248)
Countess of Surrey, Dowager Countess of Norfolk		 Hugh Bigod
(c.1182-1225)
3th Earl of Norfolk
(1221–1225)		 Adela de Warenne Maud de Warenne (alias Matilda)Isabel de Warenne
John de Warenne
(1231-1304)
6th Earl of Surrey
(1240-1304)		 Alice de Lusignan, Countess of Surrey
(1224–1256)		 Hugh d'Aubiny
(____-1243)
5th Earl of Arundel
(1224–1243)		 Isabel de Warenne, Countess of Arundel
(1228–1282)
Dowager Countess of Arundel
Henry de Percy
(____-1272)
7th Baron of Topcliffe		Eleanor de Warenne John de Balliol
(c.1249-1314)
King of Scots
(1292-1296)		 Isabella de Warenne, Lady of Balliol
(c.1253-1292)		 William de Warenne
(1256–1286)		Joan de Vere
Maud de Nerford
(1292-1345)		 John de Warenne
(1286-1347)
7th Earl of Surrey
(1304–1347)		 Joan of Bar, Countess of Surrey
(c.1295-1361)		 Edmund Fitzalan
(1231-1304)
2nd Earl of Arundel
(1306–1326)		 Alice de Warenne, Countess of Arundel
(1287-1338)
John de Warenne
(1315-1353)
8th Earl of Warenne
(1347–1353)		Thomas de Warenne
(1317-____)		Edward de Warenne
(1320-1369)
9th Earl of Warenne
(1353–1369)		Cicely de Eaton, Countess of Warenne
(1321-1361)		 Isabel le Despenser, Countess of Arundel
(1312-1374/5)
Richard Fitzalan
(c. 1313-1376)
8th Earl of Surrey, 3rd Earl of Arundel
(1326(Arundel), 1347(Surrey)-1376)		 Eleanor of Lancaster
(1318-1372)		Edmund Fitzalan
(? - 1349)		Micheal FitzalanMary Fitzalan, Baroness Strange of Blackmere
(?-1396)		Aline Fitzalan, Baroness Strange (of Knockin)
(?-1386)		Alice Fitzalan, Countess of Hereford
(?-1326)		Katherine Fitzalan, Baroness Hussey
(?-1375/76)		Eleanor Fitzalan, Baroness Lisle
Elizabeth Fitzalan, Baroness Latimer
John de Warenne
(1343-1387)
10th Earl of Warenne
(1369–1387)		Margaret de Stafford, Countess of Warenne (c1345-____)Edward de Warenne
(1345-1369)		William de Warenne
(1347-____)		Sir Edmund de Arundel, Knt.
(c. 1329–1381/2)		 Elizabeth Fitzalan, Countess of Arundel and Surrey
(c.1350-1385)		 Richard Fitzalan
( )
9th Earl of Surrey, 4th Earl of Arundel
()		 Lady Philippa Mortimer
(1375-1400)		 John FitzAlan
( )
1st Baron Arundel
()		 Thomas Arundel
( )
Archbishop of Canterbury
()		 Humphrey de Bohun
( )
7th Earl of Hereford
()		Joan FitzAlan, Countess of Hereford Thomas Holland
( )
2nd Earl of Kent
()		Alice FitzAlan, Countess of Kent
Nicholas de Warenne
(1371-1413)
11th Earl of Warenne
(1387–1413)		Agnes de Wynnington, Countess of Warenne
(1375-1417		Margaret de Warenne
(1374-____)		Isabel de Warenne
(1377-____)		 Thomas Fitzalan
(1381-1415)
10th Earl of Surrey, 5th Earl of Arundel
()		Lady Eleanor Fitzalan
(c.1365-1375)		 Elizabeth Fitzalan, Duchess of Norfolk
(c.1366-1425)		 Joan Fitzalan, Baroness Bergavenny
(1375-1435)		 Alice Fitzalan, Baroness Cherleton
(1378 – before October 1415)		Margaret FitzalanWilliam Fitzalan
Lawrence de Warenne
(1394-1444)
12th Earl of Warenne
(1413–1444)		Margerey de Bulkeley, Countess of Warenne (1389-1440)Emma de Warenne <br/1413 (c1395-____)Elizabeth de Warenne
(c1397-____)
Lawrence de Warenne
(c.1412-1413)
Margaret de Warenne
(c.1413-____)		John de Warenne
(1414-1475)
13th Earl of Warenne
(1444–1475)		Isabel de Stanley, Countess of Warenne
(1435-1460)		Cicely de Warenne
(c1415-____)		Margery de Warenne
(c1416-____)		Elizabeth de Warenne
(c1417-____)		Randle de Warren
(c1418-____)		Edward de Warenne
(c1419-____)		Joan de Warenne
(c1420-____)
Elizabeth Warenne
(1433-____)		Lawrence Warenne
(1435-1474)		Isabel Leigh
(1440-1475)		Jane Warenne
(1436-1508)		Margaret Warenne
(1436-____)		Henry Warenne
(1438-1492)		Richard Warenne
(1439-1474)		John Warenne
(1440-1518)		Joan Warenne
(1444-____)
Jane Arderne, Countess of Warenne
(c1475-____)		John Warenne
(1459-1518)
14th Earl of Warenne
(1475–1518)		Eleanor Gerard, Countess of Warenne
(1467-1542)		William Warenne
(1460-1506)		George Warenne
(1462-____)		Richard Warenne
(1465-____)		Anthony Warenne
(1467-1557)		Laurence Warenne
(1469-____)		Margaret Warenne
(1495-1546)		Thomas Warenne
(1496-1558)
Sibil Honford, Countess of Warenne
(1500-____)		Laurence de Warenne
(1476-1531)
15th Earl of Warenne
(1518–1531)		Margaret Leigh, Countess of Warenne
(1479-1545)		Richard Warenne
(1477-1530)		Cicely Warenne
(1480-____)		Nicholas Warenne
(1482-____)		Ralph Warenne
(1483-____)		John Warenne
(1487-1525)		Christopher Warenne
(1494-1587)		Margaret Ellen Leigh
(1510-1575)
Margaret Warenne
(1495-1546)		Cicely Warenne
(1495-____)		Mabel Warenne
(1496-____)		Edward Warenne
(1498-1558)
16th Earl of Warenne
(1531–1558)		Dorothy Booth, Countess of Warenne
(1500-1584)		Ellen Warenne
(1499-1551)		Dorothy Warenne
(1503-____)		Randolph Warenne
(1504-1562)		Ann Warenne
(1506-____)		Richard Warenne
(1507-1568)		Catherine Warenne
(1508-____)		Jane Warenne
(1509-____)		Isabel Warenne
(1511-____)		George Warenne
(1516-____)		Laurence Warenne
(1516-____)		Grech Warenne
(1520-____)
Ellen Warenne
(1520-)		Joan Warenne
(1523-)		Margaret Warenne
(1527-)		Francis Warenne
(1533-)		John Warenne
(1535-1587)
17th Earl of Warenne
(1558– 1587)		Margaret Molineaux, Countess of Warenne
(1541-1617)		Lawrence Warenne
(1537-1623)		Edward Warenne
(1539-1542)		Peter Warenne
(1544-1620)		Ethelred Warenne
(1545-)		Ann Warenne
(1546-)

Cadet branches

Esneval

A likely brother of the 1st Earl of Surrey, another Rodulf, held lands that had been held by his father in the Pays de Caux and near Rouen. By 1172, these lands were in possession of Robert d'Esneval as a part of the barony of Esneval, and it is supposed that the family d'Esneval may derive from an heiress of this Rodulf's line. [29]

Whitchurch

Among the holdings of William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey was some land in Whitchurch, Shropshire, and this likely led to his kin becoming its early lords. [25] A William fitz Ranulf is recorded as the lord of Whitchurch, first appearing in 1176, and was ancestor of a family that sometimes were called de Warenne, along with de Whitchurch, de Blancminster, and de Albo Monasterio. [30] [31] Robert Eyton considered it likely that Ralph de Warenne, son of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey, was the father of this William, and that Ralph had likely been lord before William fitz Ranulf. [32] It is known that Ralph de Warenne had a son named William, who confirmed and expanded a donation of Norfolk land that his father had made to made to Lewes Priory, [33] [34] and that the Whitchurch heirs likewise maintained an association with Lewes. [35] Writing in 1923, William Farrer agreed. [31] However, in a later publication Charles Travis Clay elaborated on Farrer's original work and drew attention to a Domesday tenant of William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey, named Ranulf nepos (nephew). It does not specify of whom he was nephew, but Clay suggests it was his feudal overlord, Earl William. This Ranulf nepos held Middleton, Suffolk, which was later owned by William fitz Ranulf, Lord of Whitchurch, leading Clay to speculate that the Warennes of Whitchurch may instead have descended from this Domesday tenant rather than from the son of the 2nd Earl. [31] William, son of William fitz Ranulf of Whitchurch, left a sole daughter and heiress, from whom the Whitchurch inheritance passed to Robert l'Estrange. [36] Eyton suggested that Griffith de Warenne, the 13th century founder of the Warrens of Ightfield, Shropshire, was son of William fitz Ranulf de Warenne of Whitchurch. [37]

Wormegay

Reginald de Warenne, younger brother of the 3rd Earl, married the heiress of Wormegay, Norfolk. His son William de Warenne of Wormegay was a royal justice under Richard I and John. After his death in 1209, Wormegay passed with his daughter to the Bardolf family. [38]

Other members of the Warenne family

Notes

  1. ↑ On Robert's genealogies, see also G. H. White, [8] Eleanor Searle, [9] Elisabeth van Houts, [10] and Kathleen Thompson. [11]
  2. ↑ One or both of the neighbouring modern villages of Great Massingham and Little Massingham
  3. ↑ There are three places in Norfolk called Rockland. Rockland All Saints and Rockland St Peter lie to the south-west of Norwich, and together make up the modern civil parish of Rocklands. Rockland St Mary lies to the south-east of Norwich. It is uncertain which one was meant. Rockland St Peter is listed separately, and Rockland St Mary was mentioned in the Domesday Book; but neither of those facts helps resolve the question

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Whitchurch, Shropshire</span> Human settlement in England

Whitchurch is a market town in the civil parish of Whitchurch Urban, in the north of Shropshire, England. It lies 2 miles (3 km) east of the Welsh border, 2 miles south of the Cheshire border, 20 miles (30 km) north of the county town of Shrewsbury, 20 miles (30 km) south of Chester, and 15 miles (24 km) east of Wrexham. At the 2021 Census, the population of the parish was 10,141. Whitchurch is the oldest continuously inhabited town in Shropshire. Notable people who have lived in Whitchurch include the composer Sir Edward German, and illustrator Randolph Caldecott.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hamelin de Warenne, Earl of Surrey</span> English nobleman (c. 1130–1202)

Hamelin de Warenne, Earl of Surrey, was an Anglo-Angevin nobleman, being an elder half-brother of the first Plantagenet English monarch King Henry II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Earl of Surrey</span> Title in the Peerage of England

Earl of Surrey is a title in the Peerage of England that has been created five times. It was first created for William de Warenne, a close companion of William the Conqueror. It is currently held as a subsidiary title by the Dukes of Norfolk.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey</span> Norman warrior in the Battle of Hastings, died 1088

William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey, Lord of Lewes, Seigneur de Varennes, was a Norman nobleman created Earl of Surrey under William II Rufus. He is among the few known from documents to have fought under William the Conqueror at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. At the time of Domesday Book in 1086 he held extensive lands in 13 counties, including the Rape of Lewes, a tract now divided between the ceremonial counties of East Sussex and West Sussex.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey</span> 12th-century Anglo-Norman nobleman

William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey was the son of William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey and his first wife Gundred. He was more often referred to as Earl Warenne or Earl of Warenne than as Earl of Surrey.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey</span> Anglo-Norman nobleman

William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey was an Anglo-Norman nobleman, member of the House of Warenne, who fought in England during the Anarchy and generally remained loyal to King Stephen. He participated in, and ultimately perished during, the Second Crusade.

Gundred or Gundreda was the Flemish-born wife of an early Norman baron, William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey. She and her husband established Lewes Priory in Sussex.

Elizabeth of Vermandois, was a French noblewoman, who by her two marriages was the mother of the 1st Earl of Worcester, the 2nd Earl of Leicester, the 3rd Earl of Surrey, and of Gundred de Warenne, mother of the 4th Earl of Warwick.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Castle Acre</span> Village and civil parish in Norfolk, England

Castle Acre is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Castle Acre Castle and town walls</span> Grade I listed castle in United Kingdom

Castle Acre Castle and town walls are a set of ruined medieval defences built in the village of Castle Acre, Norfolk. The castle was built soon after the Norman Conquest by William de Warenne, the Earl of Surrey, at the intersection of the River Nar and the Peddars Way. William constructed a motte-and-bailey castle during the 1070s, protected by large earthwork ramparts, with a large country house in the centre of the motte. Soon after, a small community of Cluniac monks were given the castle's chapel in the outer bailey; under William, the second earl, the order was given land and estates to establish Castle Acre Priory alongside the castle. A deer park was created nearby for hunting.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Little Snoring</span> Village in Norfolk, England

Little Snoring is a village and a civil parish in Norfolk, England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Helias of Saint-Saëns</span> Count of Arques (died 1128)

Helias of Saint Saëns (?–1128), Count of Arques was a Norman magnate of the eleventh and twelfth century, a loyal supporter of Robert Curthose and protector of his son William Clito. His support of the latter eventually brought him into conflict with Henry I of England, ending in his willing exile from Normandy.

Nigel d'Aubigny, was a Norman Lord and English baron who was the son of Roger d'Aubigny and Amice or Avice de Mowbray. His paternal uncle William was lord of Aubigny, while his father was a supporter of Henry I of England. His brother William d'Aubigny Pincerna was the king's Butler and father of the 1st Earl of Arundel. He was the founder of the noble House of Mowbray.

Events from the 1140s in England.

Richard Basset was a royal judge and sheriff during the reign of King Henry I of England. His father was also a royal justice. In about 1122 Basset married the eventual heiress of another justice; the marriage settlement has survived. In 1129–30 Basset was co-sheriff of eleven counties. Basset and his wife founded a monastic house in 1125 from their lands, which before the donation were equivalent to 15 knight's fees.

Reginald de Warenne was an Anglo-Norman nobleman and royal official. The third son of an earl, Reginald began his career as an administrator of his brother's estates and continued to manage them for his brother's successor, William, the second son of King Stephen. Reginald was involved in the process that led to the peaceful ascension of Henry fitzEmpress to the throne of England in 1154 and served the new king as a royal justice afterwards. He played a minor role in the Becket controversy in 1170, as a member of the party that met Becket on his return to England from exile in 1170.

Gervase de Cornhill was an Anglo-Norman royal official and sheriff. Beginning his royal service as a justice in London in 1147, he continued to serve both King Stephen of England and Henry II until his death around 1183. He played a minor role in the Becket controversy in 1170.

Hugh de Cressy was an Anglo-Norman administrator and nobleman. Little is known of his ancestry and he first served two brothers of King Henry II of England before becoming a royal official. He was rewarded with a marriage to an heiress for his service to the king. In England he often served as a royal justice and witnessed documents, which showed his closeness to the king. On the continent, he recruited mercenaries for the royal army and was named constable of the castle of Rouen in the royal lands in France. He died in 1189 after giving lands to various monasteries before his death.

de Valognes

de Valognes is a family name of two distinct powerful families with notable descendants in the centuries immediately following the Norman Conquest. Although a connection between them has been inferred by some authorities, this is not supported by positive evidence.

Ranulf fitz Walter, also known as Randolph fitz Walter, was a prominent 11th-century noble. A Norman knight, Ranulf participated in William, Duke of Normandy's invasion of England in 1066. He obtained lands of Norfolk and Suffolk in England from Roger Bigod as tenant in chief. Ranulf was succeeded by his eldest son Gibert.

References

  1. ↑ K.S.B. Keats-Rohan, Domesday People, a Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents 1066-1166 (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 1999), p. 480.
  2. ↑ Lewis C. Loyd, The Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families, ed. Charles Travis Clay (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1992) pp. 111–12
  3. ↑ G. E. Cokayne, The Complete Peerage, Vol. XII/1 (London: The St. Catherine Press, 1953), p. 491.
  4. ↑ C. P. Lewis, "Warenne, William (I) de, first earl of Surrey (d. 1088)" (Oxford, UK: OUP, 2004) Retrieved 6 April 2017.
  5. 1 2 3 4 K. S. B. Keats-Rohan, "Aspects of Torigny's Genealogy Revisited", Nottingham Medieval Studies 37:21–27
  6. ↑ Lewis C. Loyd, "The Origins of the Family of Warenne", Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, 31:97–113
  7. ↑ Thomas Stapleton, "Observations in disapproval of a pretended marriage of William de Warren, earl of Surrey with a daughter ... of William the Conqueror", Archaeological Journal, 3:1–12
  8. 1 2 G. H. White, "The Sisters and Nieces of Gunnor, Duchess of Normandy", Genealogist, n. s. 37:57–65
  9. ↑ Eleanor Searle, Predatory Kinship and the Creation of Norman Power, 840–1066, pp. 100–105
  10. ↑ Elisabeth M. C. van Houts, "Robert of Torigni as Genealogist", Studies in Medieval History presented to R. Allen Brown, pp. 215–33
  11. ↑ Kathleen Thompson, "The Norman Aristocracy before 1066: the Example of the Montgomerys", Historical Research 60:251–63.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 186
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 187.
  14. 1 2 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 47.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 188.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 189.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 190.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 191.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 48.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 192.
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 193.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 194.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 195.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 The Domesday Book: England's Heritage Then and Now, ed. Thomas Hinde (UK: Coombe Books, 1996), p. 196.
  25. 1 2 Chisholm 1911.
  26. ↑ Houts & Love 2013 , p. xii.
  27. ↑ Farrer & Clay 1949, pp. 10, 62, 80–82.
  28. ↑ Farrer & Clay 1949, p. 84–85.
  29. ↑ Farrer & Clay 1949, p. 2.
  30. ↑ Anderson 1864 , pp. 402–404.
  31. 1 2 3 Farrer & Clay 1949, p. 37–38.
  32. ↑ Eyton 1859b, pp. 15–16.
  33. ↑ Dugdale 1693, p. ibid.
  34. ↑ Farrer 1925, p. 300, 311.
  35. ↑ Farrer & Clay 1949, p. 36.
  36. ↑ Farrer 1925, pp. 370–374.
  37. ↑ Eyton 1859b, p. 209.
  38. ↑ Sanders 1960, p. 101.

Sources

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.