World Universities Debating Championship

Last updated
World Universities Debating Championship
MadridWUDCLogo.png
Logo of the 2023 Madrid Worlds.
Established1980, by the GUU
RegionInternational
Format British Parliamentary
Current champion University of Oxford
Website worlddebating.org

The World Universities Debating Championship (WUDC) is the world's largest international debating tournament and one of the largest annual international student events. WUDC is held in the British Parliamentary format (involving four teams of two people in each debate). [1]

Contents

Each year, the event is hosted by an institution selected by the World Universities Debating Council. The current 2024 world champions are Mark Rothery and Aniket Chakravorty from the University of Oxford.

History

Predecessor Tournaments

The Trans-Atlantic University Speech Association held tournaments in London (1976 and 1978) and at McGill University, Montreal, in 1977. Chicago was to hold a tournament in 1979 but this was postponed and then abandoned. A "World Debating Festival", sponsored by Honeywell was held in Sydney in 1978. The TAUSA event attracted mostly Northern Hemisphere tournaments, the Honeywell was largely Southern Hemisphere. The first competition was hosted in Glasgow and convened by debaters at the Glasgow University Union. [2]

Format

The championship is usually held in the days following the 25th of December, since many of the institutions attending from the Northern Hemisphere where the championship originated take vacations at this time. Although many countries that do not celebrate Christmas have become participants at the competition, the timing has remained the same. In most recent years, the nine preliminary rounds of the tournament have been held over three days from 29 to 31 December, with the elimination rounds being held on 2 January and the Grand Final on 3 January. [3]

In recent years, the championship has varied from about 150 to 400 teams, depending on the capacity of the host institution. With judges and organisers, this involves 500 to 1,000 participants in all. [3]

The competition involves nine preliminary rounds, which become "power-paired" as the tournament progresses, matching the strongest-performing teams against each other. Two teams form the "government" ("proposition" in the UK and North America) and two the "opposition" in each debate room. The process of scoring and pairing these teams is known as "tabbing". The scoring of teams is done by judges, most of whom are students or former students from the competing institutions, who return "ballots" with their scores to the adjudication team, led by a Chief Adjudicator who is assisted by one or more deputies. The deputies are not members of the host institution.

The nine preliminary rounds are followed by a "break" at which the teams proceeding to elimination rounds are announced. This is traditionally done on New Year's Eve, although this is subject to the timing of the tournament. In the current tournament format, the top 16 teams from the preliminary rounds proceed to the octofinal round. The teams ranked 17-48 also break into a partial double octofinal round, and the winning teams from this round join the teams ranked 1–16 in the octo-finals. While preliminary rounds are usually judged by three to five judges, the break rounds are judged by panels of five, semifinal judged by panels of seven and the finals by panels of nine.

Separate breaks are announced for the English-as-a-second language (ESL) and English-as-a-foreign language (EFL) team competitions, for the individual public speaking competition, and the "World Masters" tournament which is participated in by judges (most of whom are no longer students) representing the countries where they studied or of which they are citizens. In addition, a comedy competition is also open to all participants in Worlds. [4]

Governance

The World Universities Debating Council consists of representatives of every country that competes at the World Universities Debating Championship. Each country selects one council delegate (the national debating association president, or selected from the participants at Worlds). The council is responsible for setting the rules and awarding the right to host the championships.

A Worlds Committee is elected to discuss issues during the year as Council only meets at the championships itself. This Committee consists of a mix of elected officers and regional representatives from Africa, the Americas, Australia and New Zealand, Continental Europe and the Middle East, and the British Isles (referred to in debating as Islands of the North Atlantic thought more politically acceptable than British Isles).

The Council formerly operated not unlike the United Nations Security Council, with seven nations holding "charter member status" – the United States, Canada, England, Scotland, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. A two-thirds majority of these countries was required for changes to the championship's constitution, irrespective of how the general vote was tallied. However, as the number of non-charter nations attending grew, many fielding far more teams than some of the upper tier, and the championship began being hosted outside the Charter nations, pressure grew for the distinction to be eliminated.

The modern championship grants voting strength of between one and four votes per country, based on numbers of institutions attending recent championships. To allow for fluctuations in participation due to the financial difference in attending championships nearer or further in succeeding years, nations lose or gain their voting strength gradually.

The current chair of the council and the committee is Xavier Konynenburg from the University of Melbourne.

Notable controversies

Thailand WUDC 2020

There was concern over the public debate of Hong Kong in the Open Grand Final motion. This led to walk-outs during the debate. After the live-stream, all recordings of the debate were deleted and the motion was erased from the tabulation software. Many participants had names removed from the public record retroactively once the competition was over. The organizing committee claims this was done to respect participants' privacy and denies pressure from any national body or representative. [5]

Cape Town WUDC 2019

Accusations of racism were made against members of the organising committee over treatment of participants. On the last day of the competition and just before the Open Grand Final was to begin, an organised protest took place and disrupted the event. Rather than delay the Open Grand Final, speakers and judges were relocated to an undisclosed room and the debate took place in private. This action was the subject of further controversy due to perceived undermining of an anti-racist cause. [6]

Chennai WUDC 2014

This tournament is notable for several controversies. This included "tracking registration payments, to issues with getting participants visas, allocating hotel rooms, picking participants safely up from the airport, toilet paper disappearing, insufficient food provision, and dangerous dirt bike socials". [7] Discontent among judges who had been offered payment in return for participation resulted in strike threats, jeopardizing the 7th round of the tournament. There were also complaints from Pakistani participants of detention by Indian immigration authorities. [8]

List of Tournaments

YearHost CityHosting InstitutionWinning InstitutionWinning Open TeamOpen FinalistsBest SpeakerTopic of Open Grand Final
2026 Flag of Bulgaria.svg Sofia, Bulgaria Bulgarian Debate Association
2025 Flag of Panama.svg Panama City, Panama Asociación Panameña de Debate
2024 [9] Flag of Vietnam.svg Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam FPT University and RMIT University University of Oxford Mark Rothery & Aniket Chakravorty Stanford University A, University of Belgrade A, University of Sydney BTejas Subramaniam, Stanford University This House opposes the norm to prefer the natural to the artificial.
2023 [10] Flag of Spain.svg Madrid, Spain Universidad Rey Juan Carlos & Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Ateneo de Manila University David Africa & Tobi Leung Princeton University B, Tel Aviv University A, Sofia University AHadar Goldberg, Tel Aviv University This House prefers a world where all individuals have a strong belief in Ubuntu.
2022 [11] Flag of Serbia.svg Virtual due to COVID-19 University of Belgrade BRAC University Sajid Asbat Khandaker & Sourodip Paul Ateneo De Manila University A, Princeton University B, National University of Singapore AMatt Caito, London School of Economics This House supports a decline in global reliance on the dollar.
2021 [12] Flag of South Korea.svg Virtual due to COVID-19 Debate Korea University of Zagreb Tin Puljić & Lovro Šprem Ateneo De Manila University 1, London School of Economics B, Ateneo De Manila University 2Tin Puljić, University of Zagreb This House supports the creation of an international court with a mandate to prosecute leaders for health crimes.
2020 [13] Flag of Thailand.svg Bangkok, Thailand Assumption University University of Oxford Jason Xiao & Lee Chin Wee University of Belgrade A, Macquarie University B, Yale University ALee Chin Wee, University of Oxford This House, as China, would grant universal suffrage to Hong Kong.
2019 [14] Flag of South Africa.svg Cape Town, South Africa University of Cape Town University of Sydney Bostan Nurlanov & Kevin Lee Cornell University B, University of Sydney A, University of Zagreb AJames Stratton, University of Sydney This House believes that the present condition of humanity is preferable to its condition in 100 years time.
2018 [15] Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico City, México Asociación Mexicana de Debate Harvard University Danny DeBois & Archie Hall Princeton University A, Stanford University A, University of Sydney CDan Lahav, Tel Aviv University This House would rather save the life of a single child, over extending the life of 5 adults by 10 years.
2017 [16] Flag of the Netherlands.svg The Hague, Netherlands Debating Societies of the Netherlands University of Sydney Emma Johnstone & James Leeder Yale University A, Oxford University A, Bates College ARaffy Marshall, University of Oxford This House would apply universal jurisdiction to crimes against the environment.
2016 [17] Flag of Greece.svg Thessaloniki, Greece Debating Society of Greece Harvard University Bo Seo & Fanele Mashwama Hart House A, University of Sydney B, Faculty of Business Economics and Entrepeneurship AMichael Dunn Goekjian, Faculty of Business Economics and Entrepreneurship, BelgradeThis House believes that the world's poor would be justified in pursuing complete Marxist revolution.
2015 [18] Flag of Malaysia.svg Shah Alam, Malaysia Universiti Teknologi MARA University of Sydney Nick Chung & Edward Miller Oxford University A, BPP University A, Harvard University AAshish Kumar, University of Cambridge This House believes that humanitarian organisations should, and should be allowed to, give funding, resources or services to illegal armed groups when this is made a condition for access to vulnerable civilians.
2014 [19] Flag of India.svg Chennai, India Rajalakshmi Engineering College Harvard University Josh Zoffer & Ben Sprung-Keyser University of Sydney B, University of Glasgow A, University of Cambridge BEleanor Jones, University of Sydney This House believes that India should pursue aggressive free market policies.
2013 [20] Flag of Germany.svg Berlin, Germany Berlin Debating Union Monash University Nita Rao & James Beavis University of Otago A, University of Sydney B, University of Auckland AChris Bissett, Monash University & Pam Cohn, University of London This House would not allow religious communities to expel members on the basis of views or actions that contradict doctrinal teachings.
2012 [21] Flag of the Philippines.svg Manila, Philippines De La Salle Monash University Kiran Iyer & Amit Golder Stanford University A, Oxford University B, University of Sydney BBen Woolgar, University of Oxford This House supports nationalism.
2011 Flag of Botswana.svg Gaborone, Botswana University of Botswana Monash University Victor Finkel & Fiona Prowse Oxford University A, University of Sydney A, London School of Economics AVictor Finkel, Monash University This House would invade Zimbabwe.
2010 Flag of Turkey.svg Istanbul, Turkey Koç University University of Sydney Chris Croke & Steve Hind Harvard University A, London School of Economics A, Oxford University A Shengwu Li, University of Oxford This House believes that the media should show the full horror of war.
2009 Flag of Ireland.svg Cork, Ireland University College Cork University of Oxford James Dray & Will Jones Monash University B, Harvard University A, Oxford University CNaomi Oreb, University of Sydney This House would ban abortion.
2008 Flag of Thailand.svg Bangkok, Thailand Assumption University University of Oxford Samir Deger-Sen & Lewis Iwu Monash University, Cambridge University, University of Sydney Sam Block, University of Cambridge THB that people who give HIV to others must pay drug support.
2007 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Vancouver, Canada University of British Columbia University of Sydney Julia Bowes & Anna Garsia University of Queensland A, University of Cambridge C, Oxford University DJess Prince, University of Oxford This House believes that economic growth is the solution to climate change.
2006 Flag of Ireland.svg Dublin, Ireland University College Dublin Hart House, University of TorontoMichael Kotrly & Joanna Nairn Yale University A, Inner Temple, University of Chicago ARory Gillis & Beth O'Connor, Yale University This House would abolish all laws prohibiting cruelty to animals.
2005 Flag of Malaysia.svg Cyberjaya, Malaysia Multimedia University University of Ottawa Erik Eastaugh & Jamie Furniss University of Cambridge A, Oxford University D, Hart House BKylie Lane, Monash University This House supports corporal punishment in schools.
2004 Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore Nanyang Technological University Middle Temple Alex Deane & Jeremy Brier University of Sydney A, Singapore Institute of Management A, Inner Temple Alex Croft, University of Sydney This House would ban the abortion of fetuses on the grounds of their permanent disability.
2003 Flag of South Africa.svg Stellenbosch, South Africa Stellenbosch University University of Cambridge Jack Anderson & Caleb Ward Monash University B, University of Cambridge A, University of Melbourne A Wu Meng Tan, University of Cambridge This House believes that the world has learned nothing from 9/11.
2002 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Toronto, Canada Hart House, University of Toronto New York University School of Law Rob Weekes & Alan Merson University College Dublin, Monash University A, Durham University BEwan Smith, University of Oxford This House Would ban criminals from publishing accounts of their crimes.
2001 Flag of Scotland.svg Glasgow, Scotland Glasgow University Union University of Sydney Greg O'Mahony & Paul Hunyor University of London, King's Inns, University of Sydney BPaul Hunyor, University of Sydney This House would elect its judges.
2000 Flag of Australia (converted).svg Sydney, Australia University of Sydney Monash University Kim Little & Cathy Roussow University College Dublin, University of Glasgow A, University of La Verne Andy Kidd, University of Oxford This House believes Marx would have approved of the internet.
1999 Flag of the Philippines.svg Manila, Philippines Ateneo de Manila University Monash University Meg O’Sullivan & Andrew Phillips University of Sydney E, University of Oxford, University of Sydney BAndy Kidd, University of Oxford This House believes Netanyahu is the biggest obstacle to peace in Israel.
1998 Flag of Greece.svg Athens, Greece Deree College Gray's Inn Neil Sheldon & Andy George Oxford University, University of Edinburgh, University of Western Ontario Neil Sheldon, Gray's Inn This House believes that humanitarianism is a first world affectation.
1997 Flag of South Africa.svg Stellenbosch, South Africa Stellenbosch University Glasgow University Union Andy Hume & Derek Sloan University of London, Gray's Inn, University of Edinburgh Andy George, Gray's Inn This House would legalize all drugs.
1996 Flag of Ireland.svg Cork, Ireland University College Cork Macquarie University Fenja Berglund & Ben Way Middle Temple, University of Sydney, University of Edinburgh Adam Spencer, University of Sydney This House believes that strong dictatorship is better than weak democracy.
1995 Flag of the United States.svg Princeton, United States of America Princeton University University of New South Wales James Hooke & Jeremy Phillips Oxford University Chitra Jenardhanan, Nanyang Technological University
1994 Flag of Australia (converted).svg Melbourne, Australia Melbourne Glasgow University Union Manus Blessing & Duncan Hamilton Oxford University, Vassar College, University of Auckland Ben Richards, Monash University This House believes that Machiavelli is the way to go.
1993 Flag of England.svg Oxford, England Oxford Union Society Harvard University David Friedman & David Kennedy Hart House B, Australian National University A, Macquarie University A Daniel Mulino, Australian National University This House would use armed force to make peace.
1992 Flag of Ireland.svg Dublin, Ireland Trinity College Dublin Glasgow University Union Robin Marshall & Gordon Peterson Australian National University, University of Sydney A, University of Sydney BJames Hooke, University of New South Wales & Richard Douglas, Australian National University Nationalism is a hangover from history.
1991 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Toronto, Canada Hart House, University of Toronto McGill University Chris Wayland & Mona Gupta Dalhousie University Steve Bibas, University of Oxford
1990 Flag of Scotland.svg Glasgow, Scotland Glasgow University Union Yale University Matt Wolf & John Wertheim
1989 Flag of the United States.svg Princeton, United States of America Princeton University University of Sydney Andrew Bell & Warren Lee Hart House, University of Toronto John Gastil, Swarthmore College
1988 Flag of Australia (converted).svg Sydney, Australia University of Sydney University of Oxford Michael Hall & Iain Morley Francis Greenslade University of Adelaide
1987 Flag of Ireland.svg Dublin, Ireland University College Dublin Glasgow University Union Kevin Sneader & Austin LallyMichael Hall, University of Oxford
1986 Flag of the United States.svg New York City, United States of America Fordham University University College Cork Brian Hassett & Siobhán Lankford [22] Bruce Meagher, University of Sydney
1985 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Montreal, Canada McGill University King's Inns Shane Murphy & Damian Crawford [22] Brown University Ashley Black, University of Sydney
1984 Flag of Scotland.svg Edinburgh, Scotland University of Edinburgh University of Sydney Oxford University David Celermajer, University of Sydney
1983 Flag of the United States.svg Princeton, United States of America Princeton University Glasgow University Dialectic Society Frank McKiergan & John Nicholson University of Auckland This House would humbly apologise for the American revolution. [23]
1982 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Toronto, Canada Hart House, University of Toronto University of Auckland Stuart Bugg & David Kidd Stuart Bugg, University of Auckland
1981 Flag of Scotland.svg Glasgow, Scotland Glasgow University Union Hart House, University of Toronto Steve Coughlan & Andrew Taylor McGill University Andrew Taylor, Hart House This House regrets living in the nuclear age.

Trans-Atlantic University Speech Association

YearHost CityHosting InstitutionWinning InstitutionWinning Open TeamOpen FinalistsBest SpeakerTopic of Open Grand Final
1978 Flag of England.svg London, England University of London Glasgow University Union Victoria University of University of Toronto
1977 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Montreal, Canada McGill University, Loyola College Colgate University Matt Morley & Samuel Abady
1976 Flag of England.svg London, England University of London Oxford University

The "HONEYWELL" - World Debating Festival

YearHost CityHosting InstitutionWinning InstitutionWinning Open TeamOpen FinalistsBest SpeakerTopic of Open Grand Final
1978 Flag of Australia (converted).svg Sydney, Australia University of Sydney University of Sydney University of Oxford

List of notable alumni

See also

Related Research Articles

The Canadian University Society for Intercollegiate Debate is the national organization which governs all English language competitive university debating and public speaking in Canada. It sanctions several official annual tournaments and represents Canadian debating domestically and abroad. Its membership consists of student debating unions, sanctioned by their respective universities, from across Canada. CUSID has been described as "a student-run, parliamentary debate league with close ties to the American Parliamentary Debate Association".

Lincoln–Douglas debate is a type of one-on-one competitive debate practiced mainly in the United States at the high school level. It is sometimes also called values debate because the format traditionally places a heavy emphasis on logic, ethical values, and philosophy. The Lincoln–Douglas debate format is named for the 1858 Lincoln–Douglas debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas, because their debates focused on slavery and the morals, values, and logic behind it. LD debates are used by the National Speech and Debate Association (NSDA) competitions, and also widely used in related debate leagues such as the National Christian Forensics and Communication Association, the National Catholic Forensic League, the National Educational Debate Association, the Texas University Interscholastic League, Texas Forensic Association, Stoa USA and their affiliated regional organizations.

The American Parliamentary Debate Association (APDA) is the oldest intercollegiate parliamentary debating association in the United States. APDA sponsors over 50 tournaments a year, all in a parliamentary format, as well as a national championship in late April. It also administers the North American Debating Championship with the Canadian University Society for Intercollegiate Debate (CUSID) every year in January. Although it is mainly funded by its member universities, APDA is an entirely student-run organization.

The World Schools Debating Championships (WSDC) is an annual English-language debating tournament for high school-level teams representing different nations.

The World Individual Debating and Public Speaking Championships (WIDPSC) is an annual English language debating and public speaking tournament for individual high school-level students representing different countries. It is the public speaking equivalent of the World Schools Debating Championships.

There are several venues of competition for policy debate in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">British Parliamentary Style</span> Style of competitive debate

British Parliamentary style is a major form of academic debate that originated in Liverpool in the mid 1800s. It has gained wide support globally and is the official format of the World Universities Debating Championship (WUDC).

The Otago University Debating Society (OUDS) is a debating society established in June 1878 and is the oldest society of the University of Otago, the first university to be founded in New Zealand. Echoing trends in Australia and the United States, in the latter decades of the nineteenth century debating was seen as an important talent for New Zealand's thought leaders, and was one of the three sports in the New Zealand University Games from 1902.

The Australasian Intervarsity Debating Championships (known colloquially as "Australs") is an annual debating tournament for teams from universities in the Australasian region. It is one of the world's largest debating tournaments, second only in size to the World Universities Debating Championship (WUDC), the European Universities Debating Championships (EUDC) and one of the largest annual student events in the world. Australs follows the Australia-Asian Debating format (three speakers plus replies), rather than the British Parliamentary Style used at WUDC. It is held every year in early-July under the auspices of the Australasian Intervarsity Debating Association (AIDA). The host university is selected a year before at a meeting of the Council of the Australasian Intervarsity Debating Association.

The Peruvian Debate Association is a legally ordained, non-profit institution, which organizes and coordinates activities to promote and increase debate in and among schools and universities in Peru. This association was founded in September 2002, by Sixto Ramos, Philosophy, Economics and Peruvian History teacher at Colegio Franklin Delano Roosevelt and representatives from 6 other schools; Santa María Marianistas, San Ignacio de Recalde, Markham College, Casuarinas, Newton and Carmelitas. In 2003 the Peruvian Debate Association along with other non-member schools and colleges helped Colegio Franklin Delano Roosevelt organize the World Schools Debating Championship 2003 in Lima, Peru; the grand final was held at a packed auditorium at Universidad de Lima with well over 1000 people attending.

<i>The Arena</i> (TV series) Singaporean TV series or program

The Arena is a debate-style television show produced by Mediacorp Channel 5 in Singapore. Season 1 of the show was broadcast from January–March 2007. A second season, known as The Arena II, was aired from March–May 2008. The show involves teams of students from secondary schools in Singapore debating against each other on issues of topical interest.

Square Off is a television debate program broadcast on the ABS-CBN News Channel (ANC). It broadcasts every Friday at 6:00 pm PST, with replays throughout the week. The show is hosted by Maiki Oreta and is primarily sponsored by the Philippine Graphic.

The United Asian Debating Championship (UADC) is an annual debating tournament for teams from universities in Asia. It is the largest inter-varsity Parliamentary Debate tournament in Asia, with over 600 participants. The UADC holds debates in the Asian 3-on-3 format Parliamentary Debating. The 1st UADC was hosted by Assumption University, Bangkok in 2010.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yale Debate Association</span>

The Yale Debate Association (YDA) is Yale University's only competitive intercollegiate debate team. Founded in 1908, it is the most prolific winner of the American Parliamentary Debate Association's Club of the Year award. The YDA was also the first American team to win and have the top speaker at the modern World Championships. Currently, the YDA is the fourth-ranked collegiate debate society in the world, and as of January 2024, the highest ranked in North America.

The World Universities Debating Championship in Spanish or Campeonato Mundial Universitario de Debate en Español (CMUDE) is the world's largest and most important debating tournament in Spanish.

The Heart of Europe International Debating Tournament (HOE DT) is an annual debating tournament for high school-level teams which is held in English.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Queen's Debating Union</span>

The Queen's Debating Union is the debating society of Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. It was founded as Canada's first debating society in 1843 and became one of the four founding organisations of Canadian University Society for Intercollegiate Debate. It continues to be an active club on campus and has a strong presence both domestically and internationally as a competitive parliamentary debating club.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yoni Cohen-Idov</span>

Yoni Cohen-Idov is an Israeli-American debater, journalist, speaker and consultant.

The US Universities Debating Championship (USUDC) is the largest British Parliamentary debating tournament in the United States, and one of the largest debate tournaments in the world. The event is held for college and university students attending school in the United States, and is hosted by a different university each year. The host is selected by the member schools of the US Universities Debate Association. The event determines the National Champions for the year.

The HWS Round Robin (HWS RR) is an invitational British Parliamentary (BP) debate tournament hosted annually by the Hobart and William Smith Colleges in Geneva, New York. Participation in the HWS RR is considered prestigious among BP debaters as it is limited to exactly 16 teams that qualify via either an automatic bid given to the champions of major debate tournaments that happen throughout the year, or a competitive application to the tournament's selections committee, with auto-bid teams given priority.

References

  1. "World Universities Debating Council website".
  2. "Narrative History". World Universities Debating Championships. Archived from the original on November 3, 2016. Retrieved Apr 1, 2020.
  3. 1 2 "About the World Universities Debating Championship". World Universities Debating Championship. Archived from the original on September 26, 2018. Retrieved Apr 1, 2020.
  4. "Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about The World Universities Debating Championship 2020". The 40th World Universities Debating Championship. 2019. Archived from the original on August 22, 2019. Retrieved Apr 1, 2020.
  5. Lum, Alvin. "Mainland Chinese spectators, participants 'walk out', names redacted as topic on Hong Kong democracy in world's largest university debate causes stir". South China Morning Post.
  6. "'Racism' mars world university debate championships at UCT". Independent Online. Jan 9, 2019. Archived from the original on June 5, 2019. Retrieved Apr 1, 2020.
  7. "How (not) to Run Worlds: Advice from two people who needed it" (PDF). Monash Debating Review. 12. 2014.
  8. "Scandal and strike threats at World University Debating Competition". Trinity News. Jan 1, 2014. Retrieved Apr 1, 2020.
  9. "WUDC 2024 Tab".
  10. "WUDC 2023 Tab".
  11. "WUDC 2022 Tab".
  12. "WUDC 2021 Tab".
  13. "WUDC 2020 Tab".
  14. "WUDC 2019 Tab".
  15. "WUDC 2018 Tab".
  16. "WUDC 2017 Tab".
  17. "WUDC 2016 Tab".
  18. "WUDC 2015 Tab".
  19. "WUDC 2014 Tab".
  20. "Berlin Worlds Results".
  21. History of the World Universities Debating Championship
  22. 1 2 O'Brien, Carl (18 February 2020). "Wit and warmth: The secret weapons of Irish debaters The first Irish Times Debate took place 60 years ago. Former student debaters look back" . Retrieved 1 October 2021.
  23. "The World Debating Competition". Glasgow University Guardian. 1983-04-22. p. 5.