Zangasso

Zangasso
Commune and town
Zangasso Location in Mali
Coordinates: 12°9′25″N5°37′10″W / 12.15694°N 5.61944°W / 12.15694; -5.61944 Coordinates: 12°9′25″N5°37′10″W / 12.15694°N 5.61944°W / 12.15694; -5.61944
Country	Mali
Region	Sikasso Region
Cercle	Koutiala Cercle
Area [1]
• Total	450 km2 (170 sq mi)
Elevation	318 m (1,043 ft)
Population  (2009) [2]
• Total	19,496
• Density	43/km2 (110/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+0 (GMT)

Zangasso (also Sangasso) is a small town and commune in the Cercle of Koutiala in the Sikasso Region of southern Mali. The commune covers an area of 452 square kilometers and includes 10 settlements. ^[3] In the 2009 census it had a population of 19,925. ^[2] The small town of Zangasso (or Sangasso), the administrative centre ( chef-lieu ) of the commune, is 30 km southwest of Koutiala on the Route Nationale 11 that links Koutiala with Sikasso.

The French explorer René Caillié stopped at Zangasso on 12 February 1828 on his journey to Timbuktu. He was travelling with a caravan transporting kola nuts to Djenné. In his book Travels through Central Africa to Timbuctoo published in 1830, he spelled the name of the village as Sanasso. ^[4] He wrote:

As we advanced the soil became sandy and well cultivated. The country was generally open, yet there were some cés and nédés rhamnus lotus and nauclea. We met a numerous caravan from Jenné, laden with salt. This caravan was composed of about two hundred men, sixty women, and twenty five asses. About nine o'clock in the morning we halted at Sanasso. From Toumaré to Jenné, wood is so scarce that the greater part of the inhabitants burn millet stubble. Sanasso is shaded by bombaces and baobabs. Like all Bambara villages in this region, it is built of bricks baked in the sun. The houses have only a ground floor: they are very dirty, and surrounded with walls. ^{[5] [lower-alpha 1]}

Caillié recorded details of many of the plants. ^[7] The "cés" are shea trees Vitellaria paradoxa (formerly Butyrospermum parkii) from which shea butter is made. "Nédé" is Parkia biglobosa . ^[8] Rhamnus lotus is a synonym for Ziziphus lotus , and his nauclea were probably Mitragyna inermis . ^[9]

Notes

1. Toumaré is the name used by Caillé for the modern village of Doumanaba. ^[6]

References

1. Common and Fundamental Operational Datasets Registry: Mali, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, archived from the original on January 6, 2012. commune_mali.zip (Originally from the Direction Nationale des Collectivités Territoriales, République du Mali)
2. Resultats RGPH 2009 (Région de Sikasso) (PDF) (in French), République de Mali: Institut National de la Statistique, archived (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2012.
3. Communes de la Région de Sikasso (PDF) (in French), Ministère de l’administration territoriale et des collectivités locales, République du Mali, archived (PDF) from the original on 3 December 2013.
4. Viguier 2008, pp. 54–55.
5. Caillié 1830, p.  420.
6. Viguier 2008, p. 48.
7. Jacques-Félix, Henri (1963). "Contribution de René Caillié à l'ethnobotanique africaine au cours de ses voyages en Mauritanie et à Tombouctou: 1819-1828". Journal d'Agriculture Tropicale et de Botanique Appliquée. 10 (8–9, 10–11): 287–334, 449–520. doi:10.3406/jatba.1963.2717. The article was also published by the journal as a monograph.
8. Viguier 2008, p. 31.
9. Toute 2005, p. 29.

Sources

• Caillié, René (1830). Travels through Central Africa to Timbuctoo; and across the Great Desert, to Morocco, performed in the years 1824-1828 (Volume 1). London: Colburn & Bentley.
• Viguier, Pierre (2008). Sur les Traces de René Caillié: Le Mali de 1828 Revisité. Versailles, France: Quae. ISBN   978-2-7592-0271-3..
• Toute, René (2005). Histoire de la Recherche Agricole en Afrique Tropicale Francophone. Volume III: Explorateurs et marchands à la recherche de l'Eldorado africain 1800–1885/1890 (PDF). Rome: Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture (FAO). pp. 18–33. ISBN   92-5-205407-3.

External links

• Plan de Sécurité Alimentaire Commune Rurale de Zangasso 2006-2008 (PDF) (in French), Commissariat à la Sécurité Alimentaire, République du Mali, USAID-Mali, 2006.