1999 Malaysian general election

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1999 Malaysian general election
Flag of Malaysia.svg
  1995 29 November 1999 (1999-11-29) 2004  

All 193 seats in the Dewan Rakyat
97 seats needed for a majority
Registered9,546,303
Turnout71.19%
 First partySecond partyThird party
  Mahathir Mohamad and South Africa (cropped, 3to4).jpg Fadzil Noor 2.jpg Penampang Sabah Joseph-Pairin-Kitingan-02.jpg
Leader Mahathir Mohamad Fadzil Noor Joseph Pairin Kitingan
Party UMNO PAS PBS
Alliance BN BA
Leader's seat Kubang Pasu Pendang Keningau
Last election162 seats, 65.16%16 seats3.33%, 8 seats
Seats won148423
Seat changeDecrease2.svg 14Increase2.svg 26Decrease2.svg 5
Popular vote3,763,0032,681,460143,338
Percentage56.52%40.28%2.15%
SwingDecrease2.svg8.64pp Increase2.svg 10.75pp Decrease2.svg1.18pp

Prime Minister before election

Mahathir Mohamad
BN

Prime Minister-designate

Mahathir Mohamad
BN

General elections were held in Malaysia on Monday, 29 November 1999. Voting took place in all 193 parliamentary constituencies of Malaysia, each electing one Member of Parliament to the Dewan Rakyat, the dominant house of Parliament. State elections also took place in 394 state constituencies in 11 out of 13 states of Malaysia (except Sabah and Sarawak) on the same day. They were the last elections for Mahathir Mohamad as Prime Minister and Chairman of Barisan Nasional, until 2018. They were also the first elections held in a single day nationwide.

Contents

The opposition won a total of 113 state assembly seats, 98 of which went to the PAS, 11 to the DAP and 4 for Keadilan. [1] In the states of Kelantan and Terengganu, the PAS won by a huge margin41-2 against Barisan Nasional out of a total of 43 seats and 28-4 out of a total of 32 seats respectively, hence allowing them to form the state governments in these states. In addition, PAS also captured one-third of the state seats in Kedah, with the remaining two-thirds going to Barisan Nasional (UMNO won 16 seats, MCA 2 seats in Kedah).

The election results were seen as a great gain for PAS, who previously had no state seats in Kedah and capturing only one seat in Terengganu in the 1995 General Elections. Observers attributed this to the neglect by the Federal Administration in the states of Terengganu and Kelantan due to administration by different parties. [2]

Results

Dewan Rakyat 1999 (blocs).svg
Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 1,985,94329.8372–17
Malaysian Chinese Association 960,77014.4329–1
Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia 187,3232.816–1
Malaysian Indian Congress 171,9982.5870
Sarawak United Peoples' Party 129,3561.9470
Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu 111,3891.67100
Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak 51,8030.786+1
UKPO 46,9130.703New
Sabah Progressive Party 46,7560.7020
Sarawak National Party 45,4190.684+1
Liberal Democratic Party 12,8000.1910
Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah 12,5330.1900
Independent10
Total3,763,00356.52148–14
Barisan Alternatif Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 996,46614.9727+20
Democratic Action Party 848,04012.7410+1
National Justice Party 767,96411.545New
Parti Rakyat Malaysia 68,9901.0400
Total2,681,46040.2842+26
United Sabah Party 143,3382.153–5
State Reform Party 23,3540.350New
Malaysian Democratic Party 7,6010.110New
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front 4090.010New
Malaysian People's Justice Front 2740.0000
Independents38,0540.5700
Total6,657,493100.00193+1
Valid votes6,657,49397.97
Invalid/blank votes138,2562.03
Total votes6,795,749100.00
Registered voters/turnout9,546,30371.19
Source: Election Passport

By state

Johor

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 393,83147.00130
Malaysian Chinese Association 190,87122.7860
Malaysian Indian Congress 26,3513.1410
Total611,05372.92200
Barisan Alternatif Democratic Action Party 79,2009.4500
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 57,2736.8300
National Justice Party 62,5547.460New
Parti Rakyat Malaysia 27,9123.3300
Total226,93927.0800
Total837,992100.00200
Valid votes837,99297.31
Invalid/blank votes23,2062.69
Total votes861,198100.00
Registered voters/turnout1,190,40072.35

Kedah

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 260,38046.005–8
Malaysian Chinese Association 55,2429.7620
Total315,62255.767–8
Barisan Alternatif Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 171,82530.358+8
National Justice Party 65,37111.550New
Democratic Action Party 13,2582.3400
Total250,45444.2410+8
Total566,076100.00150
Valid votes566,07698.10
Invalid/blank votes10,9881.90
Total votes577,064100.00
Registered voters/turnout765,02875.43

Kelantan

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Alternatif Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 228,11147.4610+4
National Justice Party 64,76313.473New
Total292,87460.9313+8
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 187,10238.931–1
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front 4090.090New
Malaysian People's Justice Front 2740.0600
Total480,659100.00140
Valid votes480,65998.13
Invalid/blank votes9,1511.87
Total votes489,810100.00
Registered voters/turnout641,75476.32

Kuala Lumpur

Party or allianceVotes%Seats
Barisan Nasional Malaysian Chinese Association 82,29818.741
Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia 70,88416.142
United Malays National Organisation 67,31015.333
Total220,49250.216
Barisan Alternatif Democratic Action Party 116,77626.594
National Justice Party 62,60014.260
Parti Rakyat Malaysia 20,3424.630
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 17,1113.900
Total216,82949.384
Malaysian Democratic Party 4570.100
Independents1,3350.300
Total439,113100.0010
Valid votes439,11399.07
Invalid/blank votes4,1000.93
Total votes443,213100.00
Registered voters/turnout627,37770.65

Labuan

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 8,68771.3410
United Sabah Party 2,17217.8400
Barisan Alternatif Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 1,31810.820New
Total12,177100.0010
Valid votes12,17798.58
Invalid/blank votes1761.42
Total votes12,353100.00
Registered voters/turnout21,61157.16

Malacca

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 85,91236.6030
Malaysian Chinese Association 46,89119.9810
Total132,80356.5840
Barisan Alternatif National Justice Party 43,05118.340New
Democratic Action Party 33,61114.3210
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 25,23910.7500
Total101,90143.4210
Total234,704100.0050
Valid votes234,70497.72
Invalid/blank votes5,4692.28
Total votes240,173100.00
Registered voters/turnout313,67676.57

Negeri Sembilan

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 79,19327.8840
Malaysian Chinese Association 61,88021.7820
Malaysian Indian Congress 27,1129.5410
Total168,18559.2170
Barisan Alternatif Democratic Action Party 68,52624.1200
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 23,7738.3700
National Justice Party 23,5858.300New
Total116,88441.1500
Total284,069100.0070
Valid votes284,06997.16
Invalid/blank votes8,3182.84
Total votes292,387100.00
Registered voters/turnout406,54171.92

Pahang

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 149,27939.8380
Malaysian Chinese Association 66,01517.6130
Total215,29457.45110
Barisan Alternatif Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 81,98421.8800
National Justice Party 50,71113.530New
Democratic Action Party 26,7867.1500
Total159,48142.5500
Total374,775100.00110
Valid votes374,77597.48
Invalid/blank votes9,6722.52
Total votes384,447100.00
Registered voters/turnout522,87173.53

Penang

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional Malaysian Chinese Association 84,69817.551–1
Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia 83,60717.3220
United Malays National Organisation 79,56516.493–1
Total247,87051.366–2
Barisan Alternatif Democratic Action Party 169,97335.224+1
National Justice Party 54,98711.391New
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 8,8101.8300
Total233,77048.445+2
Independents9420.2000
Total482,582100.00110
Valid votes482,58297.94
Invalid/blank votes10,1502.06
Total votes492,732100.00
Registered voters/turnout653,57275.39

Perak

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional Malaysian Chinese Association 179,63224.016–1
United Malays National Organisation 170,22322.769–2
Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia 32,8324.3930
Malaysian Indian Congress 32,4254.3320
Total415,11255.4920–3
Barisan Alternatif Democratic Action Party 156,11020.871+1
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 93,45412.492+2
National Justice Party 80,06710.700New
Total329,63144.073+3
Malaysian Democratic Party 3,3120.440New
Total748,055100.00230
Valid votes748,05597.34
Invalid/blank votes20,4192.66
Total votes768,474100.00
Registered voters/turnout1,159,85866.26

Perlis

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 46,21256.1730
Barisan Alternatif Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 26,19131.8400
National Justice Party 9,86711.990New
Total36,05843.8309
Total82,270100.0030
Valid votes82,27098.92
Invalid/blank votes8961.08
Total votes83,166100.00
Registered voters/turnout105,73378.66

Sabah

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 139,65432.0611+2
UKPO 46,91310.773New
Sabah Progressive Party 46,75610.7320
Liberal Democratic Party 12,8002.9410
Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah 12,5332.880New
Total258,65659.3817+5
United Sabah Party 141,16632.413–5
Barisan Alternatif National Justice Party 18,3444.210New
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 2,2440.5200
Democratic Action Party 9730.2200
Total21,5614.9500
Malaysian Democratic Party 2,9560.680New
State Reform Party 2060.050New
Independents11,0282.5300
Total435,573100.00200
Valid votes435,57398.90
Invalid/blank votes4,8401.10
Total votes440,413100.00
Registered voters/turnout719,15161.24

Sarawak

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional Sarawak United Peoples' Party 129,35625.3070
Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu 111,38921.7910+1
Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak 51,80310.1360
Sarawak National Party 45,4198.8840
Independent10
Total337,96766.1128+1
Barisan Alternatif Democratic Action Party 75,92214.850New
National Justice Party 49,7749.740New
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 2,4380.4800
Total128,13425.0600
State Reform Party 23,1484.530New
Independents22,0054.3000
Total511,254100.0028+1
Valid votes511,25498.31
Invalid/blank votes8,7811.69
Total votes520,035100.00
Registered voters/turnout835,02762.28

Selangor

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional Malaysian Chinese Association 193,24322.5160
United Malays National Organisation 190,89522.2380
Malaysian Indian Congress 86,11010.0330
Total470,24854.77170
Barisan Alternatif National Justice Party 161,57518.820New
Democratic Action Party 106,90512.4500
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 95,64311.1400
Parti Rakyat Malaysia 20,7362.4200
Total384,85944.8300
Malaysian Democratic Party 8760.100New
Independents2,5690.3000
Total858,552100.00170
Valid votes858,55298.08
Invalid/blank votes16,7851.92
Total votes875,337100.00
Registered voters/turnout1,196,36573.17

Terengganu

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Alternatif Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 161,05252.017+6
National Justice Party 20,7156.691New
Total181,76758.708+7
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 127,70041.240–7
Independents1750.0600
Total309,642100.0080
Valid votes309,64298.32
Invalid/blank votes5,3051.68
Total votes314,947100.00
Registered voters/turnout387,33981.31

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References

  1. "PILIHAN RAYA UMUM 1999 - DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI". Archived from the original on 2017-10-09. Retrieved 2008-09-05.
  2. Swee-Hock Saw, K. Kesavapany (2006). Malaysia recent trends and challenges. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 97–8. ISBN   981-230-339-1.