2022 Malaysian general election

Last updated

2022 Malaysian general election
Flag of Malaysia.svg
  2018 19 November 2022 (2022-11-19) [nb 1] Next  

All 222 seats in the Dewan Rakyat [nb 1]
112 seats needed for a majority
Registered21,173,638 (Increase2.svg41.72%)
Turnout74.04% (Decrease2.svg8.28pp)
 First partySecond partyThird party
  Anwar Ibrahim (cropped 1).jpg Muhyiddin Yassin, 2020 (format 4to3 portrait).jpg Deputy Prime Minister Hamidi - 2017 (36294565072) (cropped).jpg
Leader Anwar Ibrahim Muhyiddin Yassin Ahmad Zahid Hamidi [nb 2]
Party PKR BERSATU UMNO
Alliance Pakatan Harapan

Parties
Perikatan Nasional

Barisan Nasional

Parties
Leader since17 November 201823 February 202030 June 2018
Leader's seat Port Dickson
Stood in Tambun (won)
Pagoh Bagan Datuk
Last election100 seats, 41.29% [nb 4] 32 seats, 24.07% [nb 5] 58 seats, 27.79% [nb 6]
Seats before91 [nb 7] 39 [nb 7] 42 [nb 7]
Seats won82 [nb 8] 7430
Seat changeDecrease2.svg 18 [nb 9] Increase2.svg 42 [nb 9] Decrease2.svg 28 [nb 9]
Popular vote5,931,5194,701,9063,653,069
Percentage38.00%30.12%23.40%
SwingDecrease2.svg 3.83 pp Increase2.svg 6.28 pp Decrease2.svg 5.43 pp

 Fourth partyFifth partySixth party
  Abang Johari UNIMAS meeting.jpg Hajiji Noor (cropped 3to4 format).png Shafie Apdal with mask (side 4to3 format).jpeg
Leader Abang Johari Hajiji Noor Shafie Apdal
Party PBB BERSATU Sabah WARISAN
Alliance GPS

Parties
GRS

Leader since12 May 201811 March 202217 October 2016
Leader's seatDid not stand
(Premier of Sarawak)
Did not stand
(Chief Minister of Sabah)
Semporna
Last election19 seats, 3.82% [nb 10] 2 seats, 0.71% [nb 11] 8 seats, 2.32%
Seats before1987
Seats won2363
Seat changeIncrease2.svg 4Increase2.svg 4 [nb 9] Decrease2.svg 5 [nb 9]
Popular vote662,551202,376281,732
Percentage4.12%1.31%1.82%
SwingIncrease2.svg 0.12 pp Increase2.svg 0.6 pp Decrease2.svg 0.5 pp

 Seventh partyEighth partyNinth party
  Larry Sng (cropped).jpg Mahathir in Baku (format 4to3 portrait).jpg Wong Soon Koh (format 4to3 portrait).jpg
Leader Larry Sng [nb 12] Mahathir Mohamad Wong Soon Koh
Party PBM PEJUANG PSB
Alliance GTA

Parties
PERKASA

Parties
Leader since8 January 202212 August 20202015
Leader's seat Julau Langkawi
(lost seat)
Stood in Sibu
(defeated)
Last electionDid not contest [nb 13] 0 seats, < 0.01% [nb 14] 0 seats, < 0.01% [nb 15]
Seats before641
Seats won100
Seat changeIncrease2.svg 1 [nb 9] Steady2.svg [nb 9] Steady2.svg [nb 9]
Popular vote16,437108,65463,370
Percentage0.11%0.71%0.41%
SwingN/AIncrease2.svg 0.71 pp Increase2.svg 0.41 pp

2022 Malaysian general election results map.svg
2022 Malaysia House of Representatives Election Results, Constituencies.svg

Prime Minister before election

Ismail Sabri Yaakob
BN

Elected Prime Minister

Anwar Ibrahim [1]
PH

General elections were held in Malaysia on Saturday, 19 November 2022. [2] [3] The prospect of snap elections had been considered high due to the political crisis that had been ongoing since 2020; political instability caused by coalition or party switching among members of Parliament, combined with the fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic, contributed to the resignation of two prime ministers and the collapse of each of their respective coalition governments since the 2018 general elections.

Contents

The term of the 14th Parliament was due to expire on 16 July 2023, five years after its first meeting on 16 July 2018. [4] However, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia), Abdullah of Pahang, dissolved parliament at the request of Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob on 10 October 2022. Constitutionally, the elections were required to be held within 60 days of the dissolution, making 9 December the last possible polling day. [5]

Historically, general elections for all state legislative assemblies of Malaysia except Sarawak had been held concurrently as a cost-saving measure. However, the states could dissolve their own legislatures independently from Parliament, and several states (Sabah, Malacca and Johor) had held early elections due to the political instability, disrupting their usual electoral cycle. The governments of these states and Sarawak indicated that they would not be holding state elections concurrently. The governments of several other states, primarily those under a Pakatan Harapan or Perikatan Nasional government, stated that they would prefer to complete a full term. [6] [7] By 19 October, all Pakatan-led states, Penang, Selangor and Negeri Sembilan, as well as Perikatan-led states, Kedah, Kelantan and Terengganu, already confirmed not to be dissolving their state legislatures. [8] [9]

The elections were the first in which 18–20-year-olds were eligible to vote, following a constitutional amendment to reduce the voting age from 21 to 18. Additionally, all voters were automatically registered, so the electorate expanded by around six million people or 31%. [10]

Results for 220 out of all 222 contested seats in the Dewan Rakyat were announced by the morning of 20 November 2022, although polling in the constituency of Padang Serai was postponed until 7 December due to the death of the Pakatan Harapan candidate, Karuppaiya Muthusamy, three days before the elections. [11] Voting in Baram was suspended on polling day due to flooding and inclement weather preventing polling workers from reaching the polling stations, and was instead completed on 21 November. [12]

The elections resulted in a hung parliament, the first federal election to have had such a result in the nation's history. Pakatan Harapan remained the coalition with the most seats in the Dewan Rakyat albeit with a reduced share, with its largest losses in Kedah. Perikatan Nasional swept the northwestern and east coastal states of Peninsular Malaysia in a landslide, winning every seat in the states of Perlis, Kelantan and Terengganu, and all but one in Kedah; dubbed by many people as the "Green Wave" (Malay: "Gelombang Hijau"). [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] The historically dominant Barisan Nasional fell to third place, having lost most of its seats to Perikatan Nasional. A number of well-known incumbent MPs also lost their seats, including former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad in Langkawi (who also lost his deposit), former Finance Minister Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah by a razor thin margin in Gua Musang (results unconfirmed due to petition ongoing) , Trade Minister and former Selangor's Menteri Besar (the state's head of government) Azmin Ali in Gombak, former Housing Minister Zuraida Kamaruddin in Ampang, former Domestic Trade Minister Saifuddin Nasution Ismail in Kulim-Bandar Baharu, as well as the children of Anwar Ibrahim and Mahathir Mohamad respectively, Nurul Izzah Anwar and Mukhriz Mahathir. Both former Ministers of Federal Territories, from BN and PH, Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor and Khalid Abdul Samad were defeated, in Putrajaya and Titiwangsa respectively. Incumbent Finance Minister and Senator Tengku Zafrul Aziz failed to win a seat in the Dewan Rakyat for Kuala Selangor by a slim majority, as well as the son-in-law of Abdullah Ahmad Badawi who is also the Health Minister Khairy Jamaluddin also failed to defeat the Pakatan Harapan candidate by a slim majority too in Sungai Buloh.

After obtaining support from Barisan Nasional, Gabungan Parti Sarawak, the Heritage Party, Malaysian United Democratic Alliance, Parti Bangsa Malaysia and independent MPs, [19] Pakatan Harapan chairman Anwar Ibrahim was appointed and sworn in as Prime Minister on 24 November 2022 by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. [20] [21] Gabungan Rakyat Sabah also expressed support for Anwar, [22] while Perikatan Nasional opted to become the official opposition. [23]

Background

Previous election

The 2018 federal election resulted in a change in government for the first time in Malaysian history since direct elections were first held in 1955. Pakatan Harapan, then a centre-left coalition between four parties, won 113 seats in the Dewan Rakyat (a two-seat majority) against the right-wing Barisan Nasional coalition, which won 79 seats. Pakatan Harapan entered government at the federal level with support from the Sabah Heritage Party. The concurrent state elections also saw Pakatan Harapan winning a majority for the first time in Johor, Malacca and Negeri Sembilan. Hung parliaments were recorded in Kedah, Perak and Sabah, but changes in party membership of the legislators after the election allowed Pakatan Harapan (or the Sabah Heritage Party in Sabah) to enter government in these states as well.

Significant events

In July 2019, the Constitution (Amendment) Act 2019, which contained provisions to lower the voting age to 18 and allow for the automatic registration of voters, was enacted by Parliament. [24] The Election Commission announced in June 2020 that preparations for these changes would be ready by July 2021. [25] The 2022 election marked the first in which the 18–20 age group is entitled to vote. [26]

Since losing re-election in 2018, former prime minister Najib Razak was put on trial, convicted and imprisoned in relation to the 1MDB scandal. [27] The scandal severely impacted UMNO in the previous election and has a continuing legacy in Malaysian politics. Trials and investigations remain ongoing. [28] [29]

The COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia emerged as a major health crisis from early 2020. It had significant impacts on Malaysia's economy and society. [30] [31]

2020–22 political crisis

A political crisis began in Malaysia in early 2020, leading to the resignation of two prime ministers and significant shifts in parliament over the subsequent two years. [31] In late February 2020, a majority of the 32 members of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party withdrew from the governing Pakatan Harapan-led coalition, causing it to lose its majority in the Dewan Rakyat, and partnered with Barisan Nasional. Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad then resigned, creating a power vacuum in the executive branch. [32] This movement later became known as Sheraton Move. On 1 March, Muhyiddin Yassin was appointed Prime Minister, and a Malaysian United Indigenous Party-led minority government was formed under new coalition Perikatan Nasional, with confidence and supply from Barisan Nasional. [32] Political instability continued after this, exacerbated by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The crisis escalated in mid-2021, leading to Muhyiddin losing parliamentary support over the COVID-19 response and resigning. [31] On 20 August 2021, Ismail Sabri Yaakob was appointed Prime Minister as his replacement. [33]

This political instability led to calls for a snap general election from various lawmakers, and there was speculation that one would be held since 2020. [34] [35] [36] In June 2022, Ismail Sabri said he would not delay the dissolution of parliament, amid continued pressure from his party UMNO to hold a general election as soon as possible. He said he would consult with his allies in the Barisan Nasional alliance on the date, as well as leaders of his party UMNO. [36] Ismail Sabri announced the dissolution on 10 October 2022. [5]

Electoral system

Elections in Malaysia are conducted at the federal and state levels. Federal elections elect members of the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of Parliament, while state elections in each of the 13 states elect members of their respective state legislative assembly. As Malaysia follows the Westminster system of government, the head of government (Prime Minister at the federal level and the Chief Ministers, the so-called Menteri Besar, at the state level) is the person who commands the confidence of the majority of members in the respective legislature – this is normally the leader of the party or coalition with the majority of seats in the legislature.

The Dewan Rakyat consists of 222 members, known as Members of Parliament (MPs), that are elected for five-year terms. Each MP is elected from a single-member constituency using the first-past-the-post voting system. If one party obtains a majority of seats, then that party is entitled to form the government, with its leader becoming the Prime Minister. In the event of a hung parliament, where no single party obtains the majority of seats, the government may still form through a coalition or a confidence and supply agreement with other parties. In practice, coalitions and alliances in Malaysia generally persist between elections, and member parties do not normally contest for the same seats.

In July 2019, the Constitution (Amendment) Act 2019 was enacted that provided for the voting age to be lowered to 18 and for automatic registration of voters. [24] Previously, the voting age was 21 [37] [38] although the age of majority in the country was 18. [39] Automatic voter registration and the lowered voting age simultaneously came into effect in early 2022, with this election being the first federal election with the expanded electoral franchise. [25] Malaysia does not currently practice compulsory voting. The Election Commission is under the jurisdiction of the Prime Minister's Department.

In late 2022, several news outlets and publishing companies began launching apps and websites to announce the upcoming GE15 results and news. [40]

Timeline

Dissolution of parliament

The 14th Parliament of Malaysia was dissolved on 10 October 2022, during a special televised address by Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob, following an audience with the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Abdullah, a day prior, whereby he provided consent for the dissolution. The election had to be held within 60 days or by 9 December. [41]

The Constitution of Malaysia requires that a general election be held in the fifth calendar year after the first sitting unless it is dissolved earlier by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong following a motion of no confidence, loss of supply or a request by the Prime Minister.

Dissolution of state legislatures

While any state may dissolve its legislature independently of Parliament, most of them had historically dissolve at around the same time as Parliament such that federal and state elections are held simultaneously. In accordance with Malaysian law, Parliament as well as the legislative assemblies of each state would automatically expire on the fifth anniversary of the first sitting of a term, unless dissolved prior to that date by the relevant heads of state on the advice of their respective heads of government. Elections must be held within sixty days of expiry or dissolution.

Dates of the legislature of each state would expire and their actual dissolution dates
Legislature
(and term number)
Term beganRefsTerm ends
(on or before)
Latest possible
election date
Actual dissolution
date
Refs
Flag of Perlis.svg Perlis (14th)20 July 2018 [42] 20 July 202318 September 202314 October 2022 [43]
Flag of Pahang.svg Pahang (14th)2 July 2018 [44] 2 July 202331 August 202314 October 2022 [45]
Flag of Perak.svg Perak (14th)3 July 2018 [46] 3 July 20231 September 202317 October 2022 [47]
Flag of Selangor.svg Selangor (14th)26 June 2018 [48] 26 June 202325 August 2023Not dissolving [nb 16] [8]
Flag of Kelantan.svg Kelantan (14th)28 June 2018 [50] 28 June 202327 August 2023 [9]
Flag of Terengganu.svg Terengganu (14th)1 July 2018 [51] 1 July 202330 August 2023
Flag of Negeri Sembilan.svg Negeri Sembilan (14th)2 July 2018 [52] 2 July 202331 August 2023 [8]
Flag of Kedah.svg Kedah (14th)4 July 2018 [53] 4 July 20232 September 2023 [9]
Flag of Penang (Malaysia).svg Penang (14th)2 August 2018 [54] 2 August 20231 October 2023 [8]
Flag of Sabah.svg Sabah (16th)9 October 2020 [55] 9 October 20258 December 2025 [56]
Flag of Malacca.svg Malacca (15th)27 December 2021 [57] 27 December 202625 February 2027
Flag of Sarawak.svg Sarawak (19th)14 February 2022 [58] 14 February 202715 April 2027
Flag of Johor.svg Johor (15th)21 April 2022 [59] 21 April 202720 June 2027

Pre-nomination events

On 17 October 2022, the Election Commission of Malaysia (SPR) updated the roster of 63 parties and coalitions eligible to contest in its own right. Independents are allowed to contest using symbols predefined by the SPR. [60]

Timetable

The key dates are listed below
DatesEvents
10 OctoberDissolution of parliament
20 OctoberElection Commission announcement of Election Day and its timeline
20 OctoberIssue of the Writ of Election
5 NovemberNomination day
5–18 NovemberCampaigning period
15–18 NovemberEarly polling day for postal and advance voters
19 NovemberPolling day (except P017 Padang Serai)
24 NovemberInauguration of the new Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim at Istana Negara [21]
P017 Padang Serai [61]
18 NovemberIssue of the Writ of Election for P017 Padang Serai
24 NovemberNomination day
24 November – 6 DecemberCampaigning period
3 – 6 DecemberEarly polling day for postal, overseas and advance voters
7 DecemberPolling day
P220 Baram
21 NovemberPolling day for remaining 11 polling stations

Last election pendulum

(Results and status at 9 May 2018) The 14th general election witnessed 124 governmental seats and 98 non-governmental seats filled the Dewan Rakyat. The government side has 49 safe seats and 11 fairly safe seats, while the other side has 21 safe seats and 4 fairly safe seats.

GOVERNMENT SEATS
Marginal
Parit BuntarDr. Mujahid Yusof RawaAMANAH39.22
TemerlohAnuar Mohd. TahirAMANAH39.31
Lubok AntuJugah Muyang @ TambatIND40.09
LumutDr. Mohd. Hatta Md. RamliAMANAH40.93
Pokok SenaMahfuz OmarAMANAH40.93
Sungai BesarMuslimin YahyaBERSATU42.11
JerlunDr. Mukhriz MahathirBERSATU42.55
Kulim-Bandar BaharuSaifuddin Nasution IsmailPKR42.62
MerbokNurin Aina AbdullahPKR43.31
TambunAhmad Faizal AzumuBERSATU44.46
KuantanFuziah SallehPKR44.57
Kuala PilahEddin Syazlee ShithBERSATU44.85
Indera MahkotaSaifuddin AbdullahPKR44.85
RaubTengku Zulpuri Shah Raja PujiDAP44.89
KaparAbdullah Sani Abdul HamidPKR44.99
RanauJonathan YasinPKR45.17
Padang SeraiKaruppaiya MuthusamyPKR45.27
Tanjong MalimChang Lih KangPKR45.44
PutatanAwang Husaini SahariPKR45.81
Kuala KedahDr. Azman IsmailPKR46.26
TampinHasan BahromAMANAH46.29
BentongWong TackDAP46.67
KangarNoor Amin AhmadPKR46.80
Tangga BatuDr. Rusnah AluaiPKR46.89
Tanjung PiaiDr. Md. Farid Md. RafikBERSATU47.29
TitiwangsaRina Mohd. HarunBERSATU47.31
Hulu SelangorJune Leow Hsiad HuiPKR47.86
PaparAhmad HassanWARISAN48.54
Sri GadingDr. Shahruddin Mohd. SallehBERSATU48.58
Sungai SiputKesavan SubramaniamPKR48.72
Kuala LangatXavier Jayakumar ArulanandamPKR49.08
Sungai PetaniJohari AbdulPKR49.21
Kubang PasuIr. Amiruddin HamzahBERSATU49.70
Kuala SelangorDr. Dzulkefly AhmadAMANAH49.98
TawauChristina Liew Chin JinPKR50.05
KalabakanMa'mun SulaimanWARISAN50.09
Lembah PantaiAhmad Fahmi Mohamed FadzilPKR50.24
Simpang RenggamDr. Maszlee MalikBERSATU50.69
Alor GajahMohd. Redzuan Md. YusofBERSATU50.73
Alor SetarChan Ming KaiPKR50.80
Kota BeludIsnaraissah Munirah Majilis @ FakharuddyWARISAN50.82
Permatang PauhNurul Izzah AnwarPKR50.89
Hang Tuah JayaShamsul Iskandar @ Yusre Mohd. AkinPKR51.01
TenomNoorita SualDAP51.10
SelangauBaru BianPKR51.11
Balik PulauMuhammad Bakthiar Wan ChikPKR51.17
SepangMohamed Hanipa MaidinAMANAH51.56
SekijangNatrah IsmailPKR51.69
LabisPang Hok LiongDAP52.17
SaratokAli BijuPKR52.18
LedangSyed Ibrahim Syed NohPKR53.06
SegamatEdmund Santhara Kumar RamanaiduPKR53.09
MuarSyed Saddiq Syed Abdul RahmanBERSATU53.09
SarikeiWong Ling BiuDAP53.57
SilamMohamaddin KetapiWARISAN54.26
Teluk IntanDavid Nga Kor MingDAP54.37
Puncak BorneoWillie MonginPKR54.65
LangkawiDr. Mahathir MohamadBERSATU54.90
PagohMuhyiddin Mohd. YassinBERSATU55.21
JulauLarry Soon @ Larry S'ng Wei ShienIND55.28
Hulu LangatHasanuddin Mohd. YunusAMANAH55.53
Batu SapiLiew Vui KeongWARISAN55.78
Batu PahatMohd. Rashid HasnonPKR55.92
Sungai BulohSivarasa K. RasiahPKR55.97
Fairly safe
SetiawangsaNik Nazmi Nik AhmadPKR56.65
Mas GadingMordi BimolDAP56.71
Nibong TebalMansor OthmanPKR56.92
Wangsa MajuDr. Tan Yee KewPKR57.30
KamparThomas Su Keong SiongDAP57.56
Bandar Tun RazakKamarudin JaffarPKR58.58
Pasir GudangHassan Abdul KarimPKR58.68
Port DicksonDanyal Balagopal AbdullahPKR59.06
KluangWong Shu QiDAP59.20
SepanggarMohd. Azis JammanWARISAN59.47
SibuOscar Ling Chai YewDAP59.58
Safe
Shah AlamKhalid Abdul SamadAMANAH60.00
SerembanAnthony Loke Siew FookDAP60.45
BatuPrabakaran M. ParameswaranPKR60.70
SelayangWilliam Leong Jee KeenPKR61.38
TaipingTeh Kok LimDAP61.65
GopengDr. Lee Boon ChyePKR61.75
MiriDr. Michael Teo Yu KengPKR61.82
TebrauChoong Shiau YoonPKR62.09
Johor BahruAkmal Nasrullah Mohd. NasirPKR62.31
BakriYeo Bee YinDAP62.65
GombakMohamed Azmin AliPKR63.10
StampinChong Chieng JenDAP63.70
PulaiSalahuddin AyubAMANAH63.81
LanangAlice Lau Yiong KiengDAP65.16
KulaiTeo Nie ChingDAP65.42
BangiDr. Ong Kian MingDAP65.60
SandakanStephen Wong Tien FattDAP67.97
BeruasJames Ngeh Koo HamDAP68.41
Petaling JayaMaria Chin AbdullahPKR68.52
Bayan BaruSim Tze TzinPKR68.88
Iskandar PuteriLim Kit SiangDAP69.24
Kota RajaMohamad SabuAMANAH70.79
AmpangZuraida KamaruddinPKR70.94
PuchongGobind Singh DeoDAP72.39
RasahCha Kee ChinDAP72.45
Kota MelakaKhoo Poay TiongDAP72.68
Kota KinabaluChan Foong HinDAP74.76
PenampangIgnatius Dorell @ Darell LeikingWARISAN75.32
PandanDr. Wan Azizah Wan IsmailPKR75.47
KlangCharles Anthony R. SantiagoDAP77.34
Batu KawanKasthuriraani P. PattoDAP78.02
Bandar KuchingDr. Kelvin Yii Lee WuenDAP79.43
JelutongSanisvara Nethaji Rayer RajajiDAP79.63
SempornaMohd. Shafie ApdalWARISAN80.20
Ipoh TimorWong Kah WohDAP80.46
SegambutHannah Yeoh Tseow SuanDAP82.07
SubangWong ChenPKR83.08
Bukit BenderaWong Hon WaiDAP83.83
Batu GajahSivakumar M. Varatharaju NaiduDAP84.17
Ipoh BaratKulasegaran V. MurugesonDAP84.90
Bukit BintangFong Kui LunDAP84.94
Bukit MertajamSteven Sim Chee KeongDAP85.40
BaganLim Guan EngDAP85.96
Bukit GelugorRamkarpal SinghDAP86.68
TanjongChow Kon YeowDAP87.25
DamansaraTony Pua Kiam WeeDAP89.00
CherasTan Kok WaiDAP89.00
SeputehTeresa Kok Suh SimDAP89.97
KepongLim Lip EngDAP92.04
NON-GOVERNMENT SEATS
Marginal
KeningauDr. Jeffrey Gapari @ Geoffrey KitinganSTAR33.09
JeraiSabri AzitPAS33.94
Tasek GelugorShabudin YahayaUMNO35.73
Bagan SeraiDr. Noor Azmi GhazaliUMNO36.44
Kota MaruduDr. Maximus Johnity OngkiliPBS38.44
Sabak BernamMohamad Fasiah Mohd. FakehUMNO38.57
Bukit GantangSyed Abu Hussin Hafiz Syed Abdul FasalUMNO39.48
Kuala KangsarMastura Mohd. YazidUMNO40.26
Padang BesarZahidi Zainul AbidinUMNO41.18
Padang RengasMohamed Nazri Abdul AzizUMNO41.50
BeaufortAzizah Mohd. DunUMNO41.72
ArauDr. Shahidan KassimUMNO41.79
Padang TerapMahdzir KhalidUMNO42.09
Kota BharuTakiyuddin HassanPAS42.24
Cameron HighlandsSivarajjh ChandranMIC42.30
BalingAbdul Azeez Abdul RahimUMNO42.60
PendangAwang HashimPAS42.69
Kepala BatasReezal Merican Naina MericanUMNO42.94
JasinAhmad HamzahUMNO43.00
Paya BesarMohd. Shahar AbdullahUMNO43.16
Tanjong KarangNoh OmarUMNO43.45
BeraIsmail Sabri YaakobUMNO43.89
Ayer HitamDr. Ir. Wee Ka SiongMCA43.98
KemamanChe Alias HamidPAS44.06
TapahSaravanan MuruganMIC44.47
JerantutAhmad Nazlan IdrisUMNO45.06
LarutHamzah ZainudinUMNO45.90
Pasir SalakTajuddin Abd RahmanUMNO46.04
PontianAhmad MaslanUMNO46.21
JempolMohd. Salim ShariffUMNO46.83
Kuala KrauDr. Ismail Mohamed SaidUMNO47.14
MachangAhmad Jazlan YaakubUMNO47.39
Pasir PutehDr. Nik Muhammad Zawawi SallehPAS47.41
LabuanRozman IsliUMNO47.59
KimanisAnifah AmanUMNO47.71
SikAhmad Tarmizi SulaimanPAS47.91
KeterehAnnuar MusaUMNO47.95
PensianganArthur Joseph KurupPBRS48.35
BesutIdris JusohUMNO48.40
ParitMohd. Nizar ZakariaUMNO48.41
Tanah MerahIkmal Hisham Abdul AzizUMNO48.44
GerikHasbullah OsmanUMNO48.49
SipitangYamani Hafez MusaUMNO48.60
Gua MusangTengku Razaleigh Tengku Mohd. HamzahUMNO48.64
SetiuShaharizukirnain Abd. KadirPAS48.65
RembauKhairy Jamaluddin Abu BakarUMNO48.87
JelebuJalaluddin AliasUMNO48.93
BachokNik Mohamed Abduh Nik Abdul AzizPAS48.93
MaranDr. Ismail Abdul MuttalibUMNO49.09
Parit SulongDr. Noraini AhmadUMNO49.19
LibaranZakaria Mohd. Edris @ TubauUMNO49.25
PutrajayaTengku Adnan Tengku MansorUMNO49.47
Hulu TerengganuRosol WahidUMNO49.60
Kuala TerengganuAhmad Amzad Mohamed @ HashimPAS49.65
LipisAbdul Rahman MohamadUMNO49.82
KudatAbd Rahim BakriUMNO49.90
Rantau PanjangSiti Zailah Mohd. YusoffPAS50.82
Bagan DatukDr. Ahmad Zahid HamidiUMNO51.37
TuaranWilfred Madius TangauUPKO51.54
Pasir MasAhmad Fadhli ShaariPAS52.44
Kuala KraiAb. Latiff Ab. RahmanPAS52.56
Kuala NerusDr. Mohd. Khairuddin Aman RazaliPAS52.66
MersingDr. Abd. Latiff AhmadUMNO53.00
RompinHasan ArifinUMNO53.54
LenggongDr. Shamsul Anuar NasarahUMNO53.97
Masjid TanahMas Ermieyati SamsudinUMNO54.10
DungunWan Hassan Mohd. RamliPAS54.17
TumpatChe Abdullah Mat NawiPAS54.33
TenggaraDr. Adham BabaUMNO54.39
BaramAnyi NgauPDP54.45
SibutiLukanisman Awang SauniPBB54.60
Pengkalan ChepaAhmad Marzuk ShaaryPAS54.88
JeliMustapa MohamedUMNO55.89
Fairly safe
Kubang KerianTuan Ibrahim Tuan ManPAS56.16
BintuluTiong King SingPDP57.05
SembrongHishammuddin HusseinUMNO59.24
MarangAbd Hadi AwangPAS59.27
Safe
BetongRobert Lawson Chuat Vincent EnteringPBB60.41
Sri AmanMasir KujatPSB61.48
PekanMohd. Najib Abdul RazakUMNO62.19
BeluranDr. Ronald KiandeeUMNO62.84
SerianRichard Riot JaemSUPP63.99
KanowitAaron Ago DagangPRS64.58
Petra JayaFadillah YusofPBB65.91
MukahHanifah Hajar TaibPBB66.90
KinabatanganBung Moktar RadinUMNO67.22
PengerangAzalina Othman SaidUMNO67.71
Hulu RajangWilson Ugak KumbongPRS68.20
Kota TinggiHalimah Mohamed SadiqueUMNO69.14
Kota SamarahanRubiah WangPBB69.90
LawasHenry Sum AgongPBB70.44
Batang LuparRohani Abdul KarimPBB70.49
LimbangHasbi HabibollahPBB72.07
KapitAlexander Nanta LinggiPBB78.91
SantubongDr. Wan Junaidi Tuanku JaafarPBB79.28
Tanjong ManisYusuf Abd. WahabPBB80.69
Batang SadongNancy ShukriPBB83.25
IganAhmad Johnie ZawawiPBB83.76

Political parties and candidates

The election saw numerous changes in seats from all political sides, with candidates either announced to be departing from their original constituencies to contest in another constituency, or several high-profile members of parliament being dropped from selection. Those who were dropped or not selected however went on to contest as independent candidates or in opposing parties to defend their seats or seek re-election, resulting in their memberships dropped.

UMNO deputy president Mohamad Hasan announced his intention to contest the Rembau seat, replacing incumbent Khairy Jamaluddin, who was expected to be fielded in an opposition-majority seat, [62] which eventually turned out to be Sungai Buloh, one of the seats that has been a PKR stronghold. [63] In addition, several high-profile incumbent UMNO MPs, including Shahidan Kassim, Annuar Musa and Tajuddin Abdul Rahman, were dropped from contesting following rumors after they were believed to be supporting Ismail Sabri instead of Zahid Hamidi. [64] [65] Among those dropped, Zahidi Zainul Abidin, the incumbent Padang Besar MP, contested as an independent while Shahidan contested to defend his Arau seat under the Perikatan banner, resulting in both their and several others' memberships dropped. [66] In a similar move, incumbent PAS Tumpat MP Che Abdullah Mat Nawi contested to defend his seat under the BN ticket after he was dropped from the candidates' list, resulting in him expelled from PAS. [67]

A few of the more notable changes in PKR were Anwar's decision to contest in the Tambun parliamentary seat, [68] with Wan Azizah Wan Ismail contesting the Bandar Tun Razak seat, as part of PKR's plan to field high-ranking members in seats previously held by defected party members. [69] One of the most anticipated seats, Gombak, saw Selangor's Menteri Besar Amirudin Shari nominated as PH candidate to face incumbent Azmin Ali, [70] who was one of the key ringleaders of the ongoing political crisis. [71] PKR also announced several other high-profile direct candidates to contest under the PH banner. [72] Former Batu MP Tian Chua, who was not selected to contest in favor of incumbent Prabakaran Parameswaran, sought to seek re-election by contesting as an independent candidate for his seat, leading to his expulsion from the party. [73]

Meanwhile, DAP had dropped two of its incumbent MPs, Charles Santiago and Wong Tack from their respective parliamentary seats, [74] in place of younger candidates, [75] [76] leading both to question the party's reasoning behind their droppings, [77] with Wong later announcing his intention to defend his seat as an independent candidate, [78] thus also resulting in his expulsion from the party. [79]

On 16 November, Padang Serai's incumbent MP Karupaiya Mutusami died three days before the election. [80] This marked the third time in Malaysian election history that a nominated candidate died in between nomination and polling dates. [81] The Election Commission announced that polling for Padang Serai would take place on 7 December following a meeting on Friday (18 November), [82] a day before the elections, [83] after polling for the constituency was postponed. [84] Subsequently, PN candidate for the Tioman state seat in Pahang, Yunus Ramli died hours before polling was due to begin on 19 November. [85] The election for the state seat was also postponed to the same date with Padang Serai. [86]

Parties represented in current legislatures

The election would be the first time Pakatan Harapan, Gabungan Parti Sarawak, Gabungan Rakyat Sabah and Perikatan Nasional use their own respective logos.

DAP announced their intention to use the PH logo for West Malaysia seats on 14 November 2021, [87] while they would continue to use their own logo in Sarawak as they did in the previous election and also in the recent state election. [88] [89] However, DAP stated that they would be joining other PH parties in using the PH logo in Sabah, in contrast to using their own logo in the previous election, the 2019 Sandakan by-election and using then-ally Warisan's logo in the 2020 Sabah state election. [90] In September 2022, Pakatan formally decided to consider applications by MUDA and the Socialist Party of Malaysia (PSM) to contest under its name. [91] Pakatan chairman Anwar Ibrahim later stated that the coalition would form an electoral pact with the two parties, citing that the application process would need to go through the Registrar of Societies. [92] However, on 30 October, PSM announced that they ended their pact with PH, after they were denied being allocated seats for the election, in particular Sungai Siput where chairman Michael Jeyakumar Devaraj served two terms but was similarly allocated to PKR in 2018. [93] Therefore, PSM decided to contest alone on 2 November 2022

PN component parties in Pahang (Bersatu, PAS, Gerakan) decided to contest on all parliamentary and state assembly seats there on 28 November 2021. [94] The Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), despite being in the PN coalition, announced that they would be contesting using their own logo in Kelantan, Terengganu and Kedah along with other PN candidates in these three predominant Malay/Muslim states. [95] The move was met with objection from GERAKAN, as their policy was to not contest under other party's logo. [96] Some of PN component parties are also part of Gabungan Rakyat Sabah, who intended to use GRS logo in Sabah. [97] Parti Kesejahteraan Demokratik Masyarakat (KDM), a GRS-friendly party initiated by former Warisan Party members, sought to contest at least three seats in Sabah independently. [98]

In August 2022, Pejuang formed a Malay/Muslim-based coalition called as Gerakan Tanah Air (GTA) with 4 other parties (Berjasa, Putra, Gagasan Bangsa and IMAN) and planned to contest 120 parliamentary seats. [99] Mahathir, who initially hesitated to contest until he changed his mind to defend his Langkawi seat, announced that GTA would be contesting under the Pejuang logo, while GTA contestants in Kelantan contested using the logo of Parti Bumiputera Perkasa Malaysia (PUTRA), as the coalition's registration was still pending. [100]

Barisan Nasional contested all parliamentary seats outside Sarawak, [101] while respecting Sabah state liaison office's intention to cooperate with Gabungan Rakyat Sabah. [102] [103] On 11 December 2021, PBRS announced that they would contest 3 seats in Sabah under Barisan Nasional. [104] In April 2022, UMNO's Supreme Council proposed that Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob be its Prime Ministerial candidate for GE15. [105] Zahid Hamidi, chairman of Barisan Nasional, has officially considered to accept Makkal Sakti's request to contest the election under Barisan Nasional logo on 19 September 2021. [106] The offer was extended to other Friends of BN parties by June 2022. [107] Gabungan Parti Sarawak, whose component parties were part of BN in 2018 election, formulated its election program and competed independently. GPS postponed any coalition and government formation talks until after election and claimed to maintain the status quo of seat allocation. [108]

In this election, the Heritage Party (WARISAN), previously an ally of Pakatan Harapan in the 2018 general election, for the first time contested outside Sabah. As part of the move, it intended on 24 January 2021 to contest all parliamentary and assembly seats in Penang and considered to run in other states. [109]

Extra-parliamentary parties

On 15 December 2021, a group of independent activists calling themselves Gerak Independent announced their intention to run in the election in no more than 10 seats. [110] Parti Bumi Kenyalang (PBK) initially intended to contest all 31 parliamentary seats in Sarawak on 26 January 2022, claiming that it already made ties with unspecified Sabah based party and still opened possibility of cooperating with other Sarawak-only parties. [111] By June 2022 PBK made negotiations with Sarawakian local opposition parties such as PSB, Aspirasi, PBDS (Baru) and SEDAR to avoid clashes in the election without formally forming a coalition. [112] The negotiation produced a cooperation pact between PSB, PBK and PBDS, with PBK contesting mostly under PSB's logo. [113] [114] In June 2022 SEDAR announced their intention to contest in Malay/Muslim (and Melanau)-majority of Sarawak seats. [115]

Parti Rakyat Malaysia announced their intention to contest parliamentary seats in Penang respectively on 15 October 2022. [116] PRM later stated that it would contest 28 parliament and 1 state seats nationally, in cooperation with GERAK 98 NGO. [117] [118]

Parti Cinta Sabah, Penang Front Party and Sarawak People's Aspiration Party initially declared to their intention to participate but ended up not fielding any candidates. [119] [120] [121]

Nominated candidates

The election saw a record 945 candidates contesting in all 222 parliamentary seats nationwide, among them a record 108 independent candidates. [122]

StateNo.ConstituencyNumber of votersIncumbent Member of ParliamentIncumbent Coalition (Party)Political coalitions and respective candidates and parties
Barisan Nasional Pakatan Harapan + MUDA Perikatan Nasional Gabungan Parti Sarawak Gabungan Rakyat Sabah Gerakan Tanah Air (informal coalition)Other parties/Independents
Candidate NamePartyCandidate NamePartyCandidate NamePartyCandidate NamePartyCandidate NamePartyCandidate NamePartyCandidate NamePartyCandidate NamePartyCandidate NamePartyCandidate NameParty
Perlis P001 Padang Besar 60,192 Zahidi Zainul Abidin BN (UMNO)Zahida Zarik KhanUMNOMohamad Saad @ YahayaAMANAH Rushdan Rusmi PASKo Chu LiangWARISAN Zahidi Zainul Abidin IND
P002 Kangar 74,859 Noor Amin Ahmad PH (PKR) Fathul Bari Mat Jahya UMNO Noor Amin Ahmad PKR Zakri Hassan BERSATUNur Sulaiman ZolkapliPEJUANGRohimi ShapieeWARISAN
P003 Arau 60,876 Shahidan Kassim BN (UMNO)Rozabil Abd RahmanUMNOFathin Amelina FazliePKR Shahidan Kassim PAS
Kedah P004 Langkawi 66,777 Mahathir Mohamad GTA (PEJUANG)Armishah SirajUMNOZabidi YahyaAMANAH Mohd Suhaimi Abdullah BERSATU Mahathir Mohamad PEJUANGAbd Kadir SainuddinIND
P005 Jerlun 67,601 Mukhriz Mahathir GTA (PEJUANG) Othman Aziz UMNOMohamed Fadzil Mohd AliPKR Abdul Ghani Ahmad PAS Mukhriz Mahathir PEJUANG
P006 Kubang Pasu 108,217 Amiruddin Hamzah GTA (PEJUANG)Hasmuni HassanUMNOMohd Aizuddin AriffinPKR Ku Abdul Rahman Ku Ismail BERSATU Amiruddin Hamzah PEJUANG
P007 Padang Terap 59,806 Mahdzir Khalid BN (UMNO) Mahdzir Khalid UMNOMuaz AbdullahAMANAH Nurul Amin Hamid PASRazali Lebai SallehPEJUANG
P008 Pokok Sena 114,838 Mahfuz Omar PH (AMANAH)Noran Zamini JamaluddinUMNO Mahfuz Omar AMANAHAhmad Saad @ YahayaPASNoraini Md SallehWARISAN
P009 Alor Setar 105,994 Chan Ming Kai PH (PKR)Tan Chee HiongMCA Simon Ooi Tze Min PKR Afnan Hamimi Taib Azamudden PASMohamad Nuhairi RahmatPEJUANGFadzli HanafiWARISANNordin YunusINDSofan Feroza Md YusupIND
P010 Kuala Kedah 132,500 Azman Ismail PH (PKR) Mashitah Ibrahim UMNO Azman Ismail PKR Ahmad Fakhruddin Fakhrurazi PASUlya Aqamah HusamudinPEJUANGSyed Araniri Syed AhmadWARISAN
P011 Pendang 94,547 Awang Hashim PN (PAS) Suraya Yaacob UMNOZulkifly MohamadPKR Awang Hashim PASAbdul Rashid YobGB
P012 Jerai 105,001 Sabri Azit PN (PAS) Jamil Khir Baharom UMNOZulhazmi ShariffDAP Sabri Azit PASMohd Nizam MahsharGB
P013 Sik 63,126 Ahmad Tarmizi Sulaiman PN (PAS)Maizatul Akmam Othman @ IbrahimUMNOLatifah Mohammad YatimAMANAH Ahmad Tarmizi Sulaiman PAS
P014 Merbok 132,444 Nor Azrina Surip PH (PKR)Shaiful Hazizy Zainol AbidinUMNO Nor Azrina Surip PKR Mohd Nazri Abu Hassan BERSATUMohamed Mohsin Abdul RazakIMANKhairul Anuar AhmadWARISAN
P015 Sungai Petani 168,847 Johari Abdul PH (PKR)Shahanim Mohamad YusoffUMNO Mohammed Taufiq Johari PKR Robert Ling Kui Ee BERSATU Marzuki Yahya PEJUANGTan Joon Long @ Tan Chow KangPRM
P016 Baling 132,099 Abdul Azeez Abdul Rahim BN (UMNO) Abdul Azeez Abdul Rahim UMNOJohari AbdullahAMANAH Hassan Saad PASBashir Abdul RahmanPUTRA
P017 [123] Padang Serai 133,867 Karupaiya Mutusami
(died)
PH (PKR) Sivarraajh Chandran MICMohamad Sofee RazakPKR Azman Nasrudin BERSATUHamzah Abdul RahmanPUTRAMohd Bakri HashimWARISANSreanandha RaoIND
P018 Kulim-Bandar Baharu 90,141 Saifuddin Nasution Ismail PH (PKR)Muhar HussainUMNO Saifuddin Nasution Ismail PKRRoslan HashimBERSATUMohamad Yusrizal YusoffGB
Kelantan P019 Tumpat 149,371 Che Abdullah Mat Nawi PN (PAS) Che Abdullah Mat Nawi BNWan Ahmad Johari Wan OmarAMANAH Mumtaz Md. Nawi PASChe Mohamad Aswari Che AliPUTRAKhairul Azuan KamarrudinWARISAN
P020 Pengkalan Chepa 106,982 Ahmad Marzuk Shaary PN (PAS)Mohd Hafiezulniezam Mohd HasdinUMNONik Faizah Nik OthmanAMANAH Ahmad Marzuk Shaary PASWan Ahmad Nasri Wan IsmailPEJUANGMohamad Redzuan RazaliIND
P021 Kota Bharu 115,450 Takiyuddin Hassan PN (PAS)Rosmadi IsmailUMNOHafidzah MustakimAMANAH Takiyuddin Hassan PASChe Musa Che OmarPUTRAAndy Tan @ AwangPRMIzat BukharyIND
P022 Pasir Mas 94,544 Ahmad Fadhli Shaari PN (PAS)Abdul Ghani HarunUMNO Husam Musa PKR Ahmad Fadhli Shaari PASNasrul Ali Hassan Abdul LatifPUTRA
P023 Rantau Panjang 93,248 Siti Zailah Mohd Yusoff PN (PAS)Zulkarnain YusoffUMNOWan Shah Jihan Wan DinAMANAH Siti Zailah Mohd Yusoff PAS Ibrahim Ali PUTRAMohd Zain IsmailPRM
P024 Kubang Kerian 113,640 Tuan Ibrahim Tuan Man PN (PAS)Nurul Amal Mohd FauziUMNOWan Ahmad Kamil Wan AbdullahAMANAH Tuan Ibrahim Tuan Man PASMohamad Rizal RazaliPEJUANG
P025 Bachok 123,183 Nik Mohamed Abduh Nik Abdul Aziz PN (PAS)Mohd Zain YasimUMNONur Azmiza MamatPKRMohd Syahir Che SulaimanPASKamarul Azam Abdel OsmanPUTRAMohd Zulkifli ZakariaIND
P026 Ketereh 85,281 Annuar Musa BN (UMNO)Marzuani Ardila AriffinUMNORahimi L MuhamudPKRKhlir Mohd NorBERSATUHanif IbrahimPUTRA
P027 Tanah Merah 98,782 Ikmal Hisham Abdul Aziz PN (BERSATU)Bakri @ Mohd Bakri MustaphaUMNOMohamad Supardi Md NoorPKR Ikmal Hisham Abdul Aziz BERSATUMohd Nasir AbdullahPUTRANik Sapeia Nik YusoffIND
P028 Pasir Puteh 113,070 Nik Muhammad Zawawi Salleh PN (PAS)Zawawi OthmanUMNO Muhammad Husin AMANAH Nik Muhammad Zawawi Salleh PASWan Marzudi Wan UmarPEJUANG
P029 Machang 88,825 Ahmad Jazlan Yaakub BN (UMNO) Ahmad Jazlan Yaakub UMNORosli Allani Abdul KadirPKR Wan Ahmad Fayhsal Wan Ahmad Kamal BERSATUMohammad SemanPUTRA
P030 Jeli 59,798 Mustapa Mohamed PN (BERSATU)Norwahida PatuanUMNOMd Radzi WahabAMANAH Zahari Kechik BERSATUMohammad DaudPUTRA
P031 Kuala Krai 92,335 Ab Latiff Ab Rahman PN (PAS)Mohamed Zulkepli OmarUMNOMohd Hisyamuddin GhazaliAMANAH Abdul Latiff Abdul Rahman PASNorashikin Che UmarPEJUANG
P032 Gua Musang 70,254 Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah BN (UMNO) Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah UMNOAsharun UjiPKRMohd Azizi Abu NaimBERSATUSamsu Adabi MamatPEJUANG
Terengganu P033 Besut 111,650 Idris Jusoh BN (UMNO) Nawi Mohamad UMNOAbd Rahman @ Abd Aziz AbasAMANAH Che Mohamad Zulkifly Jusoh PASWan Nazari Wan JusohPEJUANG
P034 Setiu 107,294 Shaharizukirnain Abd. Kadir PN (PAS)Abdul Rahman Mat YasinUMNOMohamad NgahPKR Shaharizukirnain Abdul Kadir PASWan Adnan Wan AliPEJUANG
P035 Kuala Nerus 105,952 Mohd Khairuddin Aman Razali IND Mohd Khairuddin Aman Razali BNSuhaimi HashimAMANAH Alias Razak PASAzahar WahidPUTRA
P036 Kuala Terengganu 123,305 Ahmad Amzad Mohamed @ Hashim PN (PAS)Mohd Zubir EmbongUMNO Raja Kamarul Bahrin Shah Raja Ahmad AMANAH Ahmad Amzad Mohamed @ Hashim PASMohamad Abu Bakar MudaPUTRA
P037 Marang 131,756 Abdul Hadi Awang PN (PAS)Jasmira OthmanUMNOAzhar Abdul ShukurAMANAH Abdul Hadi Awang PASZarawi SulongPUTRA
P038 Hulu Terengganu 87,917 Rosol Wahid PN (BERSATU) Rozi Mamat UMNOAlias IsmailPKR Rosol Wahid BERSATUMohd. Khadri AbdullahPUTRA
P039 Dungun 115,559 Wan Hassan Mohd Ramli PN (PAS)Nurhisam JohariUMNOMohasdjone @ Mohd Johari MohamadPKR Wan Hassan Mohd Ramli PASNoraisah HasanPEJUANGGhazali IsmailIND
P040 Kemaman 139,423 Che Alias Hamid PN (PAS) Ahmad Said UMNOHasuni SudinPKR Che Alias Hamid PASRosli Abd GhaniPEJUANG
Pulau Pinang P041 Kepala Batas 83,081 Reezal Merican Naina Merican BN (UMNO) Reezal Merican Naina Merican UMNOMuhammad Danial Abdul MajeedMUDA Siti Mastura Mohamad PASHamidi Abu HassanBERJASA|
P042 Tasek Gelugor 80,868 Shabudin Yahaya PN (BERSATU) Muhamad Yusoff Mohd Noor UMNONik Abdul Razak Nik Md RidzuanAMANAH Wan Saifulruddin Wan Jan BERSATUAbdul Halim Sher JungGBMohamed Akmal AzharWARISAN
P043 Bagan 89,447 Lim Guan Eng PH (DAP)Tan Chuan HongMCA Lim Guan Eng DAPAlan Oh @ Oh Teik ChoonBERSATUMohammed Hafiz Mohamed Abu BakarIMAN
P044 Permatang Pauh 107,186 Nurul Izzah Anwar PH (PKR)Mohd Zaidi Mohd ZaidUMNO Nurul Izzah Anwar PKRMuhammad Fawwaz Mat JanPASMohamad Nasir OsmanPUTRA
P045 Bukit Mertajam 120,819 Steven Sim Chee Keong PH (DAP)Tan Yang PangMCA Steven Sim Chee Keong DAPSteven Koh Tien YewPAS
P046 Batu Kawan 88,812 Kasthuriraani Patto PH (DAP)Tan Lee HuatMCA Chow Kon Yeow DAPWong Chia ZenGERAKANOng Chin WenWARISANLee Ah LiangPRM
P047 Nibong Tebal 100,062 Mansor Othman PN (BERSATU)Thanenthiran RamankuttyMMSP Fadhlina Sidek PKR Mansor Othman BERSATUGoh Kheng HuatIND
P048 Bukit Bendera 92,521 Wong Hon Wai PH (DAP)Richie Huan Xin YunPCM Syerleena Abdul Rashid DAPHng Chee WeyGERAKANTeh Yee CheuPRMRazalif Mohd ZainIND
P049 Tanjong 52,803 Chow Kon Yeow PH (DAP)Tan Kim NeeMCALim Hui YingDAPH'ng Khoon LengGERAKAN
P050 Jelutong 93,989 Sanisvara Nethaji Rayer Rajaji Rayer PH (DAP)Loganathan ThoraisamyIPF Sanisvara Nethaji Rayer Rajaji Rayer DAPBaljit Singh Jigiri SinghGERAKANMartin Lim Huat PohWARISANKoh Swe YongPRMMohamed Yacoob Mohamed NoorIND
P051 Bukit Gelugor 117,134 Ramkarpal Singh PH (DAP)Wong Chin ChongMCA Ramkarpal Singh DAPThinaganarabhan PadmanabhanBERSATU
P052 Bayan Baru 119,640 Sim Tze Tzin PH (PKR)Saw Yee FungMCA Sim Tze Tzin PKROh Tong KeongGERAKAN Jeff Ooi Chuan Aun WARISANRavinder SinghPRMKan Chee YuenIND
P053 Balik Pulau 80,264 Muhammad Bakhtiar Wan Chik PH (PKR)Shah Headan Ayoob Hussain ShahUMNO Muhammad Bakhtiar Wan Chik PKRMuhammad Harris Idaham Abdul RashidBERSATUAhmad Fazli MohammadPEJUANGSabaruddin AhmadINDJohnny Ch'ng Ewe GeeIND
Perak P054 Gerik 47,565VacantVAC Asyraf Wajdi Dusuki UMNOAhmad Tarmizi Mohd JamDAPFathul Huzir AyobBERSATU
P055 Lenggong 36,950 Shamsul Anuar Nasarah BN (UMNO) Shamsul Anuar Nasarah UMNOJurey Latiff Mohd RosliPKRMuhammad Rif'aat RazmanPAS
P056 Larut 65,719 Hamzah Zainudin PN (BERSATU)Mohd Shafiq Fhadly MahmudUMNOZolkarnain AbidinAMANAH Hamzah Zainudin BERSATUAuzaie Fadzlan ShahidiBERJASA
P057 Parit Buntar 68,502 Mujahid Yusof Rawa PH (AMANAH)Imran Mohd YusofUMNO Mujahid Yusof Rawa AMANAHMohd Misbahul Munir MasdukiPASRohijas Md SharifPEJUANG
P058 Bagan Serai 80,293 Noor Azmi Ghazali PN (BERSATU)Zul Helmi GhazaliUMNO Siti Aishah Shaik Ismail PKR Idris Ahmad PASAhmad Luqman Ahmad YahayaPEJUANG
P059 Bukit Gantang 94,253 Syed Abu Hussin Hafiz Syed Abdul Fasal PN (BERSATU)Mohammad Sollehin Mohamad TajieUMNOFakhruldin Mohd HashimAMANAH Syed Abu Hussin Hafiz Syed Abdul Fasal BERSATUMohd Shukri Mohd YusoffPEJUANG
P060 Taiping 121,566 Teh Kok Lim PH (DAP)Neow Choo SeongMCA Wong Kah Woh DAPSee Tean SengGERAKAN Leow Thye Yih INDMohganan P ManikamINDA. Rama Moorthy @ Steven RamIND
P061 Padang Rengas 38,686 Mohamed Nazri Abdul Aziz BN (UMNO)Mohd Arrif Abdul MajidUMNOMuhammad Kamil Abdul MunimPKRAzahari HasanBERSATU
P062 Sungai Siput 72,395 Kesavan Subramaniam PH (PKR) Vigneswaran Sanasee MIC Kesavan Subramaniam PKRIrudhanathan GabrielBERSATUAhmad Fauzi Mohd JaafarPEJUANGR IndraniINDBaharudin KamarudinINDRajah NarasamIND
P063 Tambun 160,558 Ahmad Faizal Azumu PN (BERSATU)Aminuddin Md HanafiahUMNO Anwar Ibrahim PKR Ahmad Faizal Azumu BERSATUAbdul Rahim TahirPEJUANG
P064 Ipoh Timor 118,178 Wong Kah Woh PH (DAP)Ng Kai CheongMCA Howard Lee Chuan How DAPNor Afzainizam SallehBERSATU
P065 Ipoh Barat 114,654 Kulasegaran Murugeson PH (DAP)Low Guo NanMCA Kulasegaran Murugeson DAPChek Kwong WengGERAKAN M. Kayveas IND
P066 Batu Gajah 111,896 Sivakumar Varatharaju Naidu PH (DAP)Teoh Chin ChongMCA Sivakumar Varatharaju Naidu DAPWoo Cheong YuenGERAKAN
P067 Kuala Kangsar 46,985 Mastura Mohd Yazid BN (UMNO) Maslin Sham Razman UMNOAhmad Termizi RamliAMANAHIskandar Dzulkarnain Abdul KhalidBERSATUYusmalia Mohamad YusofPEJUANG
P068 Beruas 108,249 Ngeh Koo Ham PH (DAP)Ding Siew CheeMCA Ngeh Koo Ham DAPOng Kean SingGERAKAN
P069 Parit 47,915 Mohd Nizar Zakaria BN (UMNO) Mohd Nizar Zakaria UMNONurthaqaffah NordinAMANAHMuhamamd Ismi Mat TaibPASFaizol Fadzli MohamedPEJUANG
P070 Kampar 89,894 Thomas Su Keong Siong PH (DAP) Lee Chee Leong MCA Chong Zhemin DAPJanice Wong Oi FoonGERAKAN Leong Cheok Keng WARISAN
P071 Gopeng 143,657 Lee Boon Chye PH (PKR)Cally Ting Zhao SongMCA Tan Kar Hing PKRMuhammad Farhan Abdul RahimBERSATUBalachandran GopalWARISAN
P072 Tapah 61,946 Saravanan Murugan BN (MIC) Saravanan Murugan MICSaraswathy KandasamiPKRMuhammad Yadzan MohammadBERSATUMior Nor Haidir SuhaimiPEJUANGMohamed Akbar Sheriff Ali YasinWARISANM KathiravanIND
P073 Pasir Salak 74,761 Tajuddin Abdul Rahman BN (UMNO) Khairul Azwan Harun UMNONik Omar Nik Abdul AzizPKRJamaluddin YahyaPASZairol Hizam ZakariaPUTRA
P074 Lumut 92,972 Mohd Hatta Md Ramli PH (AMANAH) Zambry Abdul Kadir UMNO Mohd Hatta Md Ramli AMANAHNordin Ahmad IsmailBERSATUMazlan Abdul GhaniPEJUANGMohd Isnin Mohd Ismail @ Ibrahim KhanWARISAN
P075 Bagan Datuk 58,183 Ahmad Zahid Hamidi BN (UMNO) Ahmad Zahid Hamidi UMNO Shamsul Iskandar @ Yusre Mohd Akin PKRMuhammad Faiz Na'amanBERSATUTawfik IsmailIND
P076 Teluk Intan 87,222 Nga Kor Ming PH (DAP)Murugiah ThopasamyMIC Nga Kor Ming DAP Zainol Fadzi Paharudin BERSATUAmir Khusyairi Mohamad TanusiPEJUANG
P077 Tanjong Malim 93,873 Chang Lih Kang PH (PKR) Mah Hang Soon MCA Chang Lih Kang PKR Nolee Ashilin Mohammed Radzi BERSATUAmir Hamzah Abdul RazakIMAN Jamaluddin Mohd Radzi INDIzzat JohariIND
Pahang P078 Cameron Highlands 46,020 Ramli Mohd Nor BN (UMNO) Ramli Mohd Nor UMNOChiong Yoke KongDAPAbdul Rasid Mohamed AliBERSATU
P079 Lipis 47,124 Abdul Rahman Mohamad BN (UMNO) Abdul Rahman Mohamad UMNO Tengku Zulpuri Shah Raja Puji DAPMohamad Shahrum OsmanBERSATUAishaton Abu BakarPEJUANG
P080 Raub 75,064 Tengku Zulpuri Shah Raja Puji PH (DAP) Chong Sin Woon MCAChow Yu HuiDAPFakrunizam IbrahimBERSATUNorkhairul Anuar Mohamed NorPEJUANG
P081 Jerantut 87,051 Ahmad Nazlan Idris BN (UMNO)Mohd Zukarmi Abu BakarUMNOHassan Basri Awang Mat DahanPKR Khairil Nizam Khirudin PAS
P082 Indera Mahkota 120,549 Saifuddin Abdullah PN (BERSATU)Quek Tai SeongMCAZuraidi IsmailPKR Saifuddin Abdullah BERSATUMohamad Nor SundariBERJASA
P083 Kuantan 87,597 Fuziah Salleh PH (PKR)Ab Hamid Mohd NazaharUMNO Fuziah Salleh PKRWan Razali Wan NorPASAnuar TajuddinPEJUANG
P084 Paya Besar 79,744 Mohd. Shahar Abdullah BN (UMNO) Mohd. Shahar Abdullah UMNOAhmad Azam Mohd SallehAMANAHAireroshairi RoslanPASRosminahar Mohd AminPEJUANG
P085 Pekan 119,443VacantVAC Sh Mohamed Puzi Sh Ali UMNOMohd Naim Zainal AbidinPKRMohd Fadhil Noor Abdul KarimPASMohammad Radhi Abdul RazakPEJUANGTengku Zainul Hisham Tengku HussinIND
P086 Maran 53,128 Ismail Abdul Muttalib BN (UMNO) Shahaniza Shamsuddin UMNOAhmad Shuhor AwangAMANAH Ismail Abdul Muttalib PNMuhamad Hafiz Al-HafizIND
P087 Kuala Krau 60,537 Ismail Mohamed Said BN (UMNO) Ismail Mohamed Said UMNOJuhari OsmanAMANAHKamal AshaariPASShahruddin Mohamed SallehPEJUANG
P088 Temerloh 106,829 Mohd Anuar Mohd Tahir PH (AMANAH) Mohd Sharkar Shamsudin UMNOMohd Hasbie MudaAMANAHSalamiah Mohd NorPASAminuddin YahyaGB
P089 Bentong 87,058 Wong Tack PH (DAP) Liow Tiong Lai MCA Young Syefura Othman DAPRoslan HassanBERSATU Wong Tack INDMohd Khalil Abdul HamidIND
P090 Bera 77,669 Dato' Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob BN (UMNO) Dato' Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob UMNOAbas AwangPKRAsmawi HarunBERSATU
P091 Rompin 89,131 Hasan Arifin BN (UMNO) Hasan Arifin UMNOErman Shah JaiosPKRAbdul Khalib AbdullahBERSATUHamizi HussainIND
Selangor P092 Sabak Bernam 51,609 Mohamad Fasiah Mohd Fakeh PN (BERSATU) Abdul Rahman Bakri UMNOShamsul Ma'arif IsmailAMANAHKalam SalanBERSATUIdris Mat YusofGB
P093 Sungai Besar 64,382 Muslimin Yahaya PN (BERSATU)Jamal YunosUMNOSaipolyazan Mat YusopPKR Muslimin Yahaya BERSATUAsmawar Samat @ SamadPUTRA
P094 Hulu Selangor 154,317 June Leow Hsiad Hui PH (PKR)Mohan ThangarasuMICSathia Prakash NadarajanPKRMohd Hasnizan HarunPASHarumaini OmarPEJUANG Haniza Mohamed Talha PBMAzlinda BaroniIND
P095 Tanjong Karang 62,194 Noh Omar BN (UMNO)Habibah Mohd YusofUMNOSiti Rahayu BaharinMUDAZulkafperi HanapiBERSATUAzlan Sani ZawawiGBMohd Rosni MastolIND
P096 Kuala Selangor 102,951 Dzulkefly Ahmad PH (AMANAH) Tengku Zafrul Aziz UMNO Dzulkefly Ahmad AMANAHMohd Noor Mohd SaharPAS Mohd Shaid Rosli PEJUANG
P097 Selayang 181,539 William Leong Jee Keen PH (PKR)Chan Wun HoongMCA William Leong Jee Keen PKR Abdul Rashid Asari BERSATUSalleh AmiruddinPEJUANGMuhammad Zaki OmarIND
P098 Gombak 206,744 Mohamed Azmin Ali PN (BERSATU)Megat Zulkarnain OmardinUMNO Amirudin Shari PKR Mohamed Azmin Ali BERSATUAziz Jamaludin Mohd TahirPUTRAZulkifli AhmadIND
P099 Ampang 133,494 Zuraida Kamaruddin PBMIvone Low Yi WenMCA Rodziah Ismail PKRSasha Lyna Abdul LatifBERSATUNurul Ashikin MabahwiPEJUANGBryan Lai Wai ChongWARISAN Zuraida Kamaruddin PBMRaveendran MarnokaranINDTan Hua MengIND
Muhammad Shafiq Izwan Mohd YunosIND
P100 Pandan 148,730 Wan Azizah Wan Ismail PH (PKR)Leong Kok WeeMCA Rafizi Ramli PKRMuhammad Rafique Zubir AlbakriPASNadia HanafiahGB Ong Tee Keat WARISAN
P101 Hulu Langat 166,902 Hasanuddin Mohd Yunus PH (AMANAH)Johan Abdul AzizUMNO Mohd Sany Hamzan AMANAHMohd Radzi Abd LatifBERSATUMarkiman KobiranPEJUANGAbdul Rahman JaafarWARISANMuhammad MustafaIND
P102 Bangi 303,430 Ong Kian Ming PH (DAP)Hoh Hee LeeMCA Syahredzan Johan DAPMuhammad Nazrul Hakim Md. NazirPASAnnuar SallehBERJASAChee Chee MengPRMJamal Hisham HashimINDMuhammad Fauzi HasimINDSuthan MookiahIND
P103 Puchong 152,861 Gobind Singh Deo PH (DAP)Syed Ibrahim Syed Abdul KaderKIMMA Yeo Bee Yin DAPJimmy Chew Jyh GangGERAKANKuan Chee HengIND
P104 Subang 230,940 Wong Chen PH (PKR)Kow Cheong WeiMCA Wong Chen PKRAlex Ang Hiang NiGERAKAN
P105 Petaling Jaya 195,148 Maria Chin Abdullah PH (PKR)Chew Hian TatMCA Lee Chean Chung PKRTheng BookBERSATUMazween MokhtarGBEzam Mohd NorPRMK J JohnIND
P106 Damansara 239,103 Tony Pua Kiam Wee PH (DAP)Tan Gim TuanMCA Gobind Singh Deo DAPLim Si ChingGERAKAN
P107 Sungai Buloh 158,090 Sivarasa Rasiah PH (PKR) Khairy Jamaluddin UMNORamanan RamakrishnanPKRMohd Ghazali Md HaminPASMohd Akmal Mohd YusoffPEJUANGAhmad Zuhri FaisalPRMNurhaslinda BasriINDSyed Abdul Razak Syed Long AlsagoffIND
P108 Shah Alam 165,744 Khalid Abdul Samad PH (AMANAH) Hizatul Isham Abdul Jalil UMNOAzli YusofAMANAH Afif Bahardin BERSATUMuhammad Rafique Rashid AliPEJUANG
P109 Kapar 189,369 Abdullah Sani Abdul Hamid PH (PKR)Muhammad Noor AzmanUMNO Abdullah Sani Abdul Hamid PKR Halimah Ali PASMohd Pathan HussinBERJASARahim AwangWARISAN Daroyah Alwi PBMVP SevelinggamIND
P110 Klang 208,913 Charles Anthony Santiago PH (DAP)Tee Hooi LingMCA Ganabatirau Veraman DAPJaya Chandran PerumalBERSATULoo Cheng WeeWARISANChandra SivarajanPRMHedrhin Ramli @ AwinINDJR Deepak JaikishanIND
P111 Kota Raja 244,712 Mohamad Sabu PH (AMANAH)Kajendran DoraisamyMIC Mohamad Sabu AMANAHMohamed Diah BaharunPASFahmi Bazlan MudaBERJASAChe Sara Afiqah Zainul ArifPRMKumar KarananendiINDP Raveentharan A PeriasamyINDSuhendhar SelvarajuIND
P112 Kuala Langat 148,637 Xavier Jayakumar Arulanandam PBMMohana Muniandy RamanMIC Manivannan Gowindasamy PKR Ahmad Yunus Hairi PASMohd Ridzuan AbdullahGBGaveson MurugesonPRMZanariah JumhuriIND
P113 Sepang 168,039 Mohamed Hanipa Maidin PH (AMANAH)Anuar BasiranUMNORaj Munni Sabu @ Aiman AthirahAMANAH Rina Mohd Harun BERSATUChe Asmah IbrahimPEJUANGNageswaran RaviPRMMohd Daud Leong AbdullahPURMuneswaran MuthiahINDShahrul Amri Mat SariIND
Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur P114 Kepong 94,285 Lim Lip Eng PH (DAP)Yap Zheng HoeMCA Lim Lip Eng DAPPhang Jing FattGERAKANYoung Shang YiWARISANYee Poh PingIND
P115 Batu 113,863 Prabakaran Parameswaran PH (PKR)A. Kohilan PillayMIC Prabakaran Parameswaran PKRAzhar YahyaPASWan Azliana Wan AdnanPEJUANGNaganathan PillaiWARISANZulkifli Abdul FadlanPRMNur Fathiah Syazwana ShaharuddinIND Siti Zabedah Kasim IND
Too Gao Lan @ Too Cheng HuatIND Chua Tian Chang IND
P116 Wangsa Maju 120,323 Tan Yee Kew PH (PKR)Mohd Shafei AbdullahUMNOZahir HassanPKR Nuridah Mohd Salleh PASNorzaila ArifinPUTRA Wee Choo Keong WARISANRaveentheran SuntheralingamIND
P117 Segambut 119,652 Hannah Yeoh Tseow Suan PH (DAP)Daniel Ling Sia ChinMCA Hannah Yeoh Tseow Suan DAPPrabagaran VythilingamGERAKAN
P118 Setiawangsa 95,753 Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad PH (PKR)Izudin IshakUMNO Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad PKRNurul Fadzilah KamarulddinBERSATUBibi Sunita Sakandar KhanPEJUANGStanley Lim Yen TiongINDMior Rosli Mior Mohd JaafarIND
P119 Titiwangsa 80,747 Rina Mohd Harun PN (BERSATU) Johari Abdul Ghani UMNO Khalid Samad AMANAHRosni AdamPASKhairuddin Abu HassanPEJUANG
P120 Bukit Bintang 79,782 Fong Kui Lun PH (DAP)Tan Teik PengMCA Fong Kui Lun DAPEdwin Chen Win KeongBERSATU
P121 Lembah Pantai 101,828 Ahmad Fahmi Mohamed Fadzil PH (PKR)Ramlan Shahean @ AskolaniUMNO Ahmad Fahmi Mohamed Fadzil PKRFauzi Abu BakarPASNoor Asmah Mohd RazalliPUTRA
P122 Seputeh 124,805 Teresa Kok Suh Sim PH (DAP)Lee Kah HingMCA Teresa Kok Suh Sim DAPAlan Wong Yee YengGERAKANLee Wai HongINDChoy San Yeh @ Lian Choy LingIND
P123 Cheras 101,184 Tan Kok Wai PH (DAP)Chong Yew ChuanMCA Tan Kok Wai DAPRuby Chin Yoke KhengBERSATU
P124 Bandar Tun Razak 119,185 Kamarudin Jaffar PN (BERSATU)Chew Yin KeenMCA Wan Azizah Wan Ismail PKR Kamarudin Jaffar BERSATU
Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya P125 Putrajaya 42,881 Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor BN (UMNO) Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor UMNONoraishah Mydin Abdul AzizPKR Radzi Jidin BERSATUMohd Rosli RamliBERJASASamsudin Mohamad FauziINDLim Fice BeeIND
Negeri Sembilan P126 Jelebu 59,561 Jalaluddin Alias BN (UMNO) Jalaluddin Alias UMNO Zulkefly Mohamad Omar AMANAHZaharuddin Baba SamonBERSATUAhmad Fakri Abu SamahPUTRA
P127 Jempol 95,813 Mohd Salim Mohd Shariff BN (UMNO) Shamshulkahar Mohd. Deli UMNONorwani AhmatAMANAHMuhammad Noraffendy Mohd SallehBERSATUMohd Khalid Mohd YunusPUTRA
P128 Seremban 157,244 Anthony Loke Siew Fook PH (DAP)Felicia Wong Yin TingMCA Anthony Loke Siew Fook DAPMohd Fadli Che MePASMohamad Jani IsmailPEJUANGIzzat LeslyIND
P129 Kuala Pilah 63,247 Eddin Syazlee Shith PN (BERSATU)Adnan Abu HassanUMNONor Azman MohamadPKR Eddin Syazlee Shith BERSATUKamarulzaman KamdiasPUTRAAzman IdrisWARISAN
P130 Rasah 155,896 Cha Kee Chin PH (DAP)Ng Kian NamMCA Cha Kee Chin DAPDavid Choong Vee HingGERAKAN
P131 Rembau 133,555 Khairy Jamaluddin BN (UMNO) Mohamad Hasan UMNOJulfitri JohaPKRMohd Nazree Mohd YunusBERSATURamly AwalludinPEJUANGTinagaran SubramaniamPSM
P132 Port Dickson 104,450 Anwar Ibrahim PH (PKR) P. Kamalanathan MIC Aminuddin Harun PKRRafei MustaphaPAS Ahmad Idham Ahmad Nazri GBAbdul Rani Kulup AbdullahIND
P133 Tampin 81,099 Hasan Bahrom PH (AMANAH)Mohd Isam Mohd IsaUMNO Muhammad Faiz Fadzil AMANAHAbdul Halim Abu BakarPASZamani IbrahimBERJASA
Melaka P134 Masjid Tanah 69,174 Mas Ermieyati Samsudin PN (BERSATU)Abdul Hakim Abdul WahidUMNOMuthalib UthmanMUDA Mas Ermieyati Samsudin BERSATUHandrawirawan Abu BakarPEJUANG
P135 Alor Gajah 93,311 Mohd Redzuan Md Yusof PN (BERSATU) Shahril Sufian Hamdan UMNO Adly Zahari AMANAH Mohd Redzuan Md Yusof BERSATUMuhammad Nazriq Abdul RahmanBERJASA|
P136 Tangga Batu 115,998 Rusnah Aluai PH (PKR) Lim Ban Hong MCA Rusnah Aluai PKRBakri JamaluddinPASGhazali AbuPUTRAShahril MahmoodIND
P137 Hang Tuah Jaya 118,493 Shamsul Iskandar @ Yusre Mohd Akin PH (PKR)Mohd Ridhwan Mohd AliUMNO Adam Adli Abdul Halim PKRMohd Azrudin Md IdrisBERSATUSheikh Ikhzan Sheikh SallehPEJUANG
P138 Kota Melaka 164,140 Khoo Poay Tiong PH (DAP)Kon Qi YaoMCA Khoo Poay Tiong DAPSuhaime BorhanGERAKANNorazlanshah HazaliIND
P139 Jasin 96,208 Ahmad Hamzah BN (UMNO) Roslan Ahmad UMNOHarun MohamedAMANAHZulkifli IsmailPASMohd Daud NasirPEJUANG
Johor P140 Segamat 69,360 Edmund Santhara Kumar Ramanaidu PBMRamasamy MuthusamyMICYuneswaran RamarajPKRPoobalan PonusamyBERSATUSyed Hairoul Faizey Syed AliPUTRA
P141 Sekijang 63,981 Natrah Ismail PH (PKR)Md Salleheen MohamadUMNO Zaliha Mustafa PKRUzzair IsmailBERSATUMohd Saiful Faizal Abd HalimPUTRAMohd Zohar AhmadWARISAN
P142 Labis 49,846 Pang Hok Liong PH (DAP) Chua Tee Yong MCA Pang Hok Liong DAPAlvin Chang Teck KiamBERSATU
P143 Pagoh 69,939 Muhyiddin Yassin PN (BERSATU) Razali Ibrahim UMNOIskandar Shah Abdul RahmanPKR Muhyiddin Yassin BERSATU
P144 Ledang 104,577 Syed Ibrahim Syed Noh PH (PKR) Hamim Samuri UMNO Syed Ibrahim Syed Noh PKRZaidi Abd MajidBERSATURafidah RidwanPEJUANGYunus MustakimINDZainal BahromIND
P145 Bakri 97,335 Yeo Bee Yin PH (DAP)Lee Ching YongMCA Tan Hong Pin DAPChelvarajan SuppiahBERSATUHaron JaffarIND
P146 Muar 68,925 Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman MUDAMohd Helmy Abd LatifUMNO Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman MUDAAbdullah HusinPAS
P147 Parit Sulong 79,484 Noraini Ahmad BN (UMNO) Noraini Ahmad UMNOMohd Faizal DollahAMANAHAbdul Karim DeramanPAS
P148 Ayer Hitam 61,041 Wee Ka Siong BN (MCA) Wee Ka Siong MCA Sheikh Umar Bagharib Ali DAPMuhammad Syafiq A AzizBERSATU
P149 Sri Gading 78,602 Shahruddin Md Salleh GTA (PEJUANG)Mohd Lassim BurhanUMNO Aminolhuda Hassan AMANAHZanariyah Abdul HamidPASMahdzir IbrahimPEJUANG
P150 Batu Pahat 133,910 Mohd Rashid Hasnon PN (BERSATU)Ishak @ Mohd Farid SirajUMNOOnn Abu BakarPKR Mohd Rashid Hasnon BERSATUNizam Bashir Abdul Kariem BashierPEJUANGZahari OsmanPRM
P151 Simpang Renggam 59,033 Maszlee Malik PH (PKR) Hasni Mohammad UMNO Maszlee Malik PKRMohd Fazrul KamatBERSATUKamal KusminPUTRA
P152 Kluang 132,342 Wong Shu Qi PH (DAP) Gan Ping Sieu MCA Wong Shu Qi DAPDzulkarnain AliasBERSATURamendran UlaganathanIND
P153 Sembrong 54,982 Hishammuddin Hussein BN (UMNO) Hishamuddin Hussein UMNOHasni AbasPKRAziz IsmailBERSATU
P154 Mersing 66,275 Abdul Latiff Ahmad PN (BERSATU)Abdul Latif Bandi @ Nor SebandiUMNOFatin Zulaikha ZaidiDAPMuhammad Islahuddin AbasBERSATUNurfatimah IbrahimPEJUANGIsmail DonIND
P155 Tenggara 67,294 Adham Baba BN (UMNO)Manndzri NasibUMNOZuraidah Zainab Mohd ZainPKRMohd Nazari MokhtarPASM Azhar PalalPUTRA
P156 Kota Tinggi 61,291 Halimah Mohamed Sadique BN (UMNO) Mohamed Khaled Nordin UMNOOnn JaafarAMANAHMohamad Ridhwan RasmanBERSATU
P157 Pengerang 55,316 Azalina Othman Said BN (UMNO) Azalina Othman Said UMNO Che Zakaria Mohd Salleh AMANAHFairulnizar RahmatBERSATU
P158 Tebrau 223,301 Steven Choong Shiau Yoon PBM Nicole Wong Siaw Ting MCA Jimmy Puah Wee Tse PKRMohamad Isa Mohamad BasirBERSATU
P159 Pasir Gudang 198,485 Hassan Abdul Karim PH (PKR)Noor Azleen AmbrosUMNO Hassan Abdul Karim PKRMohamad Farid Abdul RazakBERSATUMohammad Raffi BeranIMAN
P160 Johor Bahru 136,368 Akmal Nasrullah Mohd Nasir PH (PKR)Johan Arifin Mohd RopiUMNO Akmal Nasrullah Mohd Nasir PKRMohd Mohtaj YacobBERSATUMohd Akhiri MahmoodPEJUANG
P161 Pulai 165,313 Salahuddin Ayub PH (AMANAH) Nur Jazlan Mohamed UMNO Salahuddin Ayub AMANAHLoh Kah YongGERAKAN
P162 Iskandar Puteri 222,437 Lim Kit Siang PH (DAP) Jason Teoh Sew Hock MCA Liew Chin Tong DAPJashen Tan Nam ChaBERSATU
P163 Kulai 151,247 Teo Nie Ching PH (DAP)Chua Jian BoonMCA Teo Nie Ching DAPTan Chin HokGERAKAN
P164 Pontian 75,212 Ahmad Maslan BN (UMNO) Ahmad Maslan UMNOShazwan Zdainal AbidinDAPIsa Ab HamidBERSATUJamaluddin MohamadGB
P165 Tanjung Piai 70,679 Wee Jeck Seng BN (MCA) Wee Jeck Seng MCALim Wei JietMUDANajwah Halimah Ab AlimBERSATU
Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan P166 Labuan 44,484 Rozman Isli WARISAN Bashir Alias UMNORamli TahirAMANAHSuhaili Abdul RahmanBERSATURamle Mat DalyPUTRA Rozman Isli WARISANDayang Rusimah @ Raynie Mohd DinPBM
Sabah P167 Kudat 75,724 Abdul Rahim Bakri GRS (BERSATU Sabah)Thonny CheePKR Ruddy Awah BERSATUNur Alya Humaira Usun AbdullahPEJUANGAbdul Rashid Abdul HarunWARISANVerdon BahandaIND
P168 Kota Marudu 80,735 Maximus Ongkili GRS (PBS)Shahrizal DenciMUDA Maximus Ongkili PBSMohd Azmee ZulkifleePEJUANGJilid Kuminding @ ZainuddinWARISAN Wetrom Bahanda KDMNorman TulangIND
P169 Kota Belud 79,885 Isnaraissah Munirah Majilis @ Fakharudy WARISAN Abdul Rahman Dahlan UMNOMadeli @ Modily BangaliPKR Isnaraissah Munirah Majilis @ Fakharudy WARISAN
P170 Tuaran 83,419 Wilfred Madius Tangau PH (UPKO) Wilfred Madius Tangau UPKO Joniston Bangkuai PBSMuminin Kalingkong @ NorbinshaPEJUANGJoanna RampasWARISANNoortaip Suhaili @ SualeeINDBoby LewatIND
P171 Sepanggar 108,370 Mohd Azis Jamman WARISAN Yakubah Khan UMNOMustapha @ Mohd Yunus SakmudPKRYusof KunchangPEJUANG Mohd Azis Jamman WARISANJumardie LukmanKDM
P172 Kota Kinabalu 74,059 Chan Foong Hin PH (DAP) Chan Foong Hin DAPYee Tsai YiewPBSAmanda Yeo Yan YinWARISANWinston Liew Kit SiongKDMMarcel JudeIND
P173 Putatan 63,173 Awang Husaini Sahari PH (PKR) Shahelmey Yahya UMNO Awang Husaini Sahari PKRPoyne Tudus @ Patrick PayneGBAhmad Mohd SaidWARISAN
P174 Penampang 77,214 Ignatius Dorell Leiking WARISAN Ewon Benedick UPKO Kenny Chua Teck Ho STAR Ignatius Dorell Leiking WARISANRichard JimmyIND
P175 Papar 59,942 Ahmad Hassan WARISANHenry Shim Chee OnDAP Armizan Mohd Ali BERSATUNicholas Sylvester @ BerryPEJUANG Ahmad Hassan WARISANNorbert ChinINDJohnny SitaminIND
P176 Kimanis 40,763 Mohamad Alamin BN (UMNO) Mohamad Alamin UMNORowindy Lawrence OdongUPKOYusop OsmanPEJUANG Daud Yusof WARISANAmat Mohd YusofKDM
P177 Beaufort 43,248 Azizah Mohd Dun GRS (BERSATU Sabah)Siti Aminah AchingUMNODikin MusahPKRMasri AdulWARISANJohair Mat LaniKDMJohan @ Christopher O T GhaniINDMatlani SabliIND
P178 Sipitang 45,871 Yamani Hafez Musa GRS (BERSATU Sabah)Lahirul LatigulAMANAH Matbali Musah BERSATUAdnan PutehWARISAN
P179 Ranau 66,517 Jonathan Yasin GRS (BERSATU Sabah)Taufik DahalanPKR Jonathan Yasin BERSATUAzizul JulrinPEJUANGMarkos SitonWARISAN Ewon Ebin PBRS
P180 Keningau 87,588 Jeffrey Kitingan GRS (STAR)Grelydia GillodDAP Jeffrey Kitingan STAR Rasinin Kautis WARISANJake NointinKDM
P181 Tenom 42,045 Noorita Sual PH (DAP) Jamawi Ja’afar UMNO Noorita Sual DAPUkim BuandiWARISANRiduan RubinINDPeggy Chaw Zhi TingIND
P182 Pensiangan 55,672 Arthur Joseph Kurup BN (PBRS) Arthur Joseph Kurup PBRSSangkar RasamPKRJamani Derimin @ GampalidPEJUANGSiti Noorhasmahwatty OsmanWARISANJekerison KilanKDM
P183 Beluran 44,727 Ronald Kiandee GRS (BERSATU Sabah)Benedict AsmatUMNOFelix Joseph SaangUPKO Ronald Kiandee BERSATUHausing Sudin @ SamsudinPEJUANGRowiena RashidWARISAN
P184 Libaran 72,332 Zakaria Edris GRS (BERSATU Sabah) Suhaimi Nasir UMNOPeter Jr NaintinUPKOJeffri @ Amat PudangPEJUANGSH Bokrata SH HassanWARISANNordin KhaniPPRSAmdan TumpongIND
P185 Batu Sapi 43,916VacantVACLiau Fui FuiDAPKhairul Firdaus Akhbar KhanBERSATUBoni Yusuf Abdullah @ Narseso P JuanicoPUTRAAlias SaniWARISANOthman AhmadIND
P186 Sandakan 55,542 Vivian Wong Shir Yee PH (DAP) Vivian Wong Shir Yee DAPLau Chee Kiong @ Thomas LauSAPPAlex ThienWARISANPeter HiiINDSyeikh LokemanINDLita Tan AbdullahIND
P187 Kinabatangan 44,773 Bung Mokhtar Radin BN (UMNO) Bung Mokhtar Radin UMNOMazliwati Abdul MalekWARISAN
P188 Lahad Datu 100,256 Mohammadin Ketapi PBMMaizatul Alkam AlawiUMNOOscar Sia Yu HockDAPMohd Yusof ApdalWARISAN
P189 Semporna 72,169 Mohd Shafie Apdal WARISANArastam ParadongPKRNixon Abdul HabiBERSATUAb Rajik Ab HamidPEJUANG Mohd Shafie Apdal WARISAN
P190 Tawau 87,477 Christina Liew Chin Jin PH (PKR) Christina Liew Chin Jin PKRLo Su FuiPBSHerman AmdasPEJUANGChen Ket ChuinWARISANMohd Salleh BachoINDChin Chee SynIND
P191 Kalabakan 83,970 Ma'mun Sulaiman WARISAN Andi Muhammad Suryady Bandy UMNONoraini Abd GhapurPKRNur Aini Abdul RahmanPEJUANG Ma'mun Sulaiman WARISANMuhamad Dhiauddin HassanIND
Sarawak P192 Mas Gading 47,171 Mordi Bimol PH (DAP) Mordi Bimol DAPLidang DisenPDPRyan Sim Min LeongPBK
P193 Santubong 79,540 Wan Junaidi Tuanku Jaafar GPS (PBB)Mohamad Zen PeliAMANAH Nancy Shukri PBBAffendi JemanIND
P194 Petra Jaya 109,809 Fadillah Yusof GPS (PBB)Sopian JulaihiPKR Fadillah Yusof PBBOthman AbdillahSEDAR
P195 Bandar Kuching 109,710 Kelvin Yii Lee Wuen PH (DAP) Kelvin Yii Lee Wuen DAPTay Tze KokSUPPVoon Lee ShanPBK
P196 Stampin 121,009 Chong Chieng Jen PH (DAP) Chong Chieng Jen DAPLo Khere ChiangSUPPLue Cheng HingPBK
P197 Kota Samarahan 82,229 Rubiah Wang GPS (PBB)Abang Abdul Halil Abang NailiAMANAH Rubiah Wang PBB
P198 Puncak Borneo 79,969 Willie Mongin GPS (PBB)Diog DiosPKR Willie Mongin PBBIana AkamPSB
P199 Serian 65,273 Richard Riot Jaem GPS (SUPP)Learry JabulDAP Richard Riot Jaem SUPPElsiy TinggangPSBAlim ImpiraIND
P200 Batang Sadong 32,640 Nancy Shukri GPS (PBB)Lahaji LahiyaAMANAH Rodiyah Sapiee PBB
P201 Batang Lupar 43,072 Rohani Abdul Karim GPS (PBB)Wel @ Maxwell RojisAMANAHHamdan SaniPASMohamad Shafizan KepliPBB
P202 Sri Aman 50,164 Masir Kujat INDTay Wei WeiPKRDoris Sophia BrodiPRSWilson EntabangPSB Masir Kujat IND
P203 Lubok Antu 28,995 Jugah Muyang INDLangga LiasPKR Jugah Muyang BERSATURoy Angau GingkoiPRSJohnical Rayong NgipaPSB
P204 Betong 41,743 Robert Lawson Chuat GPS (PBB)Patrick KamisPKRRichard Rapu @ BegriPBBHasbie SatarIND
P205 Saratok 44,531 Ali Biju PN (BERSATU)Ibil JayaPKR Ali Biju BERSATUGiendam Jonathan TaitPDP
P206 Tanjong Manis 32,948 Yusuf Abd. Wahab GPS (PBB)Zainab SuhailiAMANAH Yusuf Abd. Wahab PBB
P207 Igan 28,290 Ahmad Johnie Zawawi GPS (PBB)Andri Zulkarnaen HamdenAMANAH Ahmad Johnie Zawawi PBB
P208 Sarikei 55,018 Wong Ling Biu PH (DAP)Roderick Wong Siew LeadDAPHuang Tiong SiiSUPP
P209 Julau 34,850 Larry Sng Wei Shien PBM Joseph Salang Gandum PRSSusan GeorgePBDS Larry Sng Wei Shien PBMElly NgalaiIND
P210 Kanowit 30,988 Aaron Ago Dagang GPS (PRS)Mohd Fauzi Abdullah @ JosephPKR Aaron Ago Dagang PRSGeorge ChenINDElli LuhatINDMichael LiasIND
P211 Lanang 87,356 Alice Lau Kiong Yieng PH (DAP) Alice Lau Kiong Yieng DAPWong Ching YongSUPPPriscilla LauPSBWong Tiing KiongIND
P212 Sibu 105,875 Oscar Ling Chai Yew PH (DAP) Oscar Ling Chai Yew DAPClarence Ting Ing HorhSUPP Wong Soon Koh PSB
P213 Mukah 46,964 Hanifah Hajar Taib GPS (PBB)Abdul Jalil BujangPKR Hanifah Hajar Taib PBB
P214 Selangau 45,743 Baru Bian PSBUmpang SabangPKREdwin BantaPRSHenry Joseph UsualIND
P215 Kapit 45,210 Alexander Nanta Linggi GPS (PBB)Khusyairy Pangkas AbdullahPKR Alexander Nanta Linggi PBBRobert SawengPBDS
P216 Hulu Rajang 43,438 Wilson Ugak Kumbong GPS (PRS)Abun Sui AnyitPKR Wilson Ugak Kumbong PRS
P217 Bintulu 113,599 Tiong King Sing GPS (PDP)Tony Chiew Chan YewDAPDuke JantengBERSATU Tiong King Sing PDP
P218 Sibuti 58,522 Lukanisman Awang Sauni GPS (PBB)Zolhaidah SubohPKR Lukanisman Awang Sauni PBBBobby WilliamPBDS
P219 Miri 143,229 Michael Teo Yu Keng PH (PKR)Chiew Choon ManPKRJeffery Phang Siaw FoongSUPPLawrance LaiPSB
P220 Baram 59,535 Anyi Ngau GPS (PDP)Roland EnganPKR Anyi Ngau PDPWilfred EntikaIND
P221 Limbang 41,999 Hasbi Habibollah GPS (PBB)Racha BalangPKR Hasbi Habibollah PBB
P222 Lawas 33,655 Henry Sum Agong GPS (PBB)Japar SuyutPKR Henry Sum Agong PBB Baru Bian PSB

Campaign

Timing of election

Opposition politicians, political analysts and online commentaries criticised the decision to hold the election at the end of 2022 instead of early 2023, which coincides the annual year-end monsoon season. [124] [125] [126] As Malaysia was already recovering from serious flooding from the previous year, opposition politicians accused the ruling government for being inconsiderate towards flood victims. This condition was also seen by opposition parties as a deliberate tactic to discourage a high voter turnout that could potentially benefit opposition parties. [127] [128] [129] In response, UMNO president Ahmad Zahid Hamidi, who remarked that the election was to proceed despite concerns of nationwide floods, [125] accused opposition parties as "cowards" and "wanting them to buy time" to garner extra support, further adding that his remarks were taken out of context. [130] [131] Despite these remarks, authorities began preparations in the event flooding occurs during polling day. [132] [133]

The decision to dissolve parliament early was also seen by several other opposition politicians as an attempt to prevent more BN politicians from being charged with corruption, or in an effort towards pardoning jailed politicians such as former prime minister Najib Razak who was found guilty for his role in the 1MDB scandal. [134] This was evidenced by a video online showing Zahid Hamidi speaking at a Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC) general meeting in which he warned other BN politicians that they would be the next ones to be charged should BN lose the election. [135] [136] Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob said he dissolved Parliament because it was impossible to go on some issues, and that UMNO was pushing for it ever since BN won big in the 2022 Johor state election in March. [137]

Youth vote

The 2022 election was the first Malaysian federal election in which the voting age is over 18 as opposed to over 21 previously. Around 6 million new voters, either young or previously unregistered, were expected to participate in the election. [138] The 18–20 age group represented 1.39 million first-time voters, and voters aged 18–39 account for about 50% of Malaysia's 21 million registered voters. [26]

Outgoing members of parliament

The seats of Gerik and Batu Sapi were left vacant due to the deaths of their respective MPs, Hasbullah Osman (BN-UMNO) and Liew Vui Keong (WARISAN) in 2020. [139] [140] By-elections were due to be held, but did not materialise due to the declaration of the state of emergency during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. [141] The declarations were later revoked by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong following the dissolution of parliament. [142]

Members of the 14th Parliament who were not contesting the 2022 election
No.ConstituencyDeparting MPFirst electedPartyDate announcedReasonRefs
P054 Gerik Hasbullah Osman 2013 BN (UMNO)16 November 2020Died in office [139]
P139 Jasin Ahmad Hamzah 200820 December 2020Not seeking re-election [143]
P061 Padang Rengas Mohamed Nazri Abdul Aziz 199528 August 2021 [144]
P085 Pekan Najib Razak 197623 August 2022Criminal conviction [145]
P033 Besut Idris Jusoh 199524 October 2022Not seeking re-election [146]
P081 Jerantut Ahmad Nazlan Idris 201331 October 2022 [147]
P026 Ketereh Annuar Musa 19901 November 2022Dropped by party [65]
P067 Kuala Kangsar Mastura Mohd Yazid 2016
P073 Pasir Salak Tajuddin Abdul Rahman 2008Membership suspended [148]
P155 Tenggara Adham Baba 2004Dropped by party
P156 Kota Tinggi Halimah Mohamed Sadique 2008
P127 Jempol Mohd Salim Shariff 20183 November 2022 [149]
P095 Tanjong Karang Noh Omar 1995 [150]
P162 Iskandar Puteri Lim Kit Siang 1969 PH (DAP)20 March 2022Retiring from politics [151]
P102 Bangi Ong Kian Ming 20139 May 2022Not seeking re-election [152]
P046 Batu Kawan Kasthuriraani Patto 201320 October 2022 [153]
P208 Sarikei Wong Ling Biu 201323 October 2022Dropped by party [154]
P110 Klang Charles Santiago 200826 October 2022 [155]
P106 Damansara Tony Pua Kiam Wee 200826 October 2022Not seeking re-election [155]
P060 Taiping Teh Kok Lim 201828 October 2022Transferred to Aulong state seat [156]
P070 Kampar Thomas Su Keong Siong 201328 October 2022Transferred to Ketari state seat [157]
P048 Bukit Bendera Wong Hon Wai 201830 October 2022Transferred to Paya Terubong state seat [158]
P116 Wangsa Maju Tan Yee Kew 1995 PH (PKR)18 October 2022Not seeking re-election [159]
P009 Alor Setar Chan Ming Kai 201822 October 2022Dropped by party [160]
P015 Sungai Petani Johari Abdul 200828 October 2022 [161]
P071 Gopeng Lee Boon Chye 200828 October 2022Not seeking re-election [162]
P094 Hulu Selangor June Leow Hsiad Hui 201828 October 2022Dropped by party [163]
P105 Petaling Jaya Maria Chin Abdullah 201828 October 2022
P107 Sungai Buloh Sivarasa Rasiah 201828 October 2022Dropped by party [164]
P141 Sekijang Natrah Ismail 201828 October 2022Dropped by party [163]
P219 Miri Michael Teo Yu Keng 20131 November 2022 [165]
P017 Padang Serai Karupaiya Mutusami 201816 November 2022Died during campaigning period [80]
P133 Tampin Hasan Bahrom 2018 PH (AMANAH)18 October 2022Not seeking re-election [166]
P088 Temerloh Mohd Anuar Mohd Tahir 201825 October 2022Health issues [167]
P101 Hulu Langat Hasanuddin Mohd Yunus 201830 October 2022Dropped by party [168]
P113 Sepang Mohamed Hanipa Maidin 201330 October 2022Health issues
P042 Tasek Gelugor Shabudin Yahaya 2013 PN (BERSATU)18 June 2022Not seeking re-election [169] [170]
P167 Kudat Abdul Rahim Bakri 200412 August 2022
P177 Beaufort Azizah Mohd Dun 200412 August 2022
P154 Mersing Abdul Latiff Ahmad 199916 October 2022
P058 Bagan Serai Noor Azmi Ghazali 20131 November 2022Dropped by party [171]
P030 Jeli Mustapa Mohamed 19952 November 2022Health issues [172]
P178 Sipitang Yamani Hafez Musa 20182 November 2022Dropped by party [173]
P184 Libaran Zakaria Edris 20182 November 2022
P025 Bachok Nik Mohamed Abduh Nik Abdul Aziz 2013 PN (PAS)2 November 2022Not seeking re-election [174]
P112 Kuala Langat Xavier Jayakumar 2018 PBM 20 October 2022 [175]
P188 Lahad Datu Mohamaddin Ketapi 20184 November 2022 [176]
P158 Tebrau Steven Choong Shiau Yoon 20184 November 2022 [177]
P140 Segamat Edmund Santhara Kumar 20185 November 2022 [177]
P193 Santubong Wan Junaidi 1990 GPS (PBB)30 October 2022 [178]
P201 Batang Lupar Rohani Abdul Karim 19903 November 2022Dropped by party [179]
P204 Betong Robert Lawson Chuat 20183 November 2022
P185 Batu Sapi Liew Vui Keong 2008 WARISAN 2 October 2020Died in office [140]
Members of the 14th Parliament who lost reelection in the 2022 election
No.ConstituencyDeparting MPFirst electedParty
P007 Padang Terap Mahdzir Khalid 2013 BN (UMNO)
P016 Baling Abdul Azeez Abdul Rahim 2013
P019 Tumpat Che Abdullah Mat Nawi 2018
P029 Machang Ahmad Jazlan Yaakub 2013
P032 Gua Musang Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah 1964
P041 Kepala Batas Reezal Merican Naina Merican 2013
P069 Parit Mohd Nizar Zakaria 2008
P087 Kuala Krau Ismail Mohamed Said 2004
P125 Putrajaya Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor 2004
P131 Rembau Khairy Jamaluddin 2008 [nb 17]
P181 Tenom Noorita Sual 2018 PH (DAP)
P002 Kangar Noor Amin Ahmad 2018 PH (PKR)
P010 Kuala Kedah Azman Ismail 2013
P014 Merbok Nor Azrina Surip 2018
P018 Kulim-Bandar Baharu Saifuddin Nasution Ismail 2008
P044 Permatang Pauh Nurul Izzah Anwar 2008
P083 Kuantan Fuziah Salleh 2008
P109 Kapar Abdullah Sani Abdul Hamid 2008
P136 Tangga Batu Rusnah Aluai 2018
P137 Hang Tuah Jaya Shamsul Iskandar Md. Akin 2013 [nb 18]
P151 Simpang Renggam Maszlee Malik 2018
P173 Putatan Awang Husaini Sahari 2018
P190 Tawau Christina Liew Chin Jin 2018
P008 Pokok Sena Mahfuz Omar 1999 PH (AMANAH)
P057 Parit Buntar Mujahid Yusof Rawa 2008
P074 Lumut Mohd Hatta Ramli 2008
P108 Shah Alam Khalid Samad 2008 [nb 19]
P047 Nibong Tebal Mansor Othman 2013 PN (BERSATU)
P063 Tambun Ahmad Faizal Azumu 2018
P098 Gombak Mohamed Azmin Ali 2008
P119 Titiwangsa Rina Harun 2018 [nb 20]
P124 Bandar Tun Razak Kamaruddin Jaffar 1999
P129 Kuala Pilah Eddin Syazlee Shith 2018
P135 Alor Gajah Mohd Redzuan Md Yusof 2018
P150 Batu Pahat Mohd Rashid Hasnon 2018
P203 Lubok Antu Jugah Muyang 2018
P099 Ampang Zuraida Kamaruddin 2008 PBM
P004 Langkawi Mahathir Mohamad 1964 GTA (PEJUANG)
P005 Jerlun Mukhriz Mahathir 2008
P006 Kubang Pasu Amiruddin Hamzah 2018
P149 Sri Gading Shahruddin Md Salleh 2018
P166 Labuan Rozman Isli 2013 WARISAN
P171 Sepanggar Azis Jamman 2018
P174 Penampang Ignatius Dorell Leiking 2013
P175 Papar Ahmad Hassan 2018
P168 Kota Marudu Maximus Ongkili 2004 GRS (PBS)
P214 Selangau Baru Bian 2018 [nb 21] PSB
P001 Padang Besar Zahidi Zainul Abidin 2008 Independent
P089 Bentong Wong Tack 2018
P202 Sri Aman Masir Kujat 2008

Opinion polls

2022

Polling firmDates conductedRegionSample size PH BN PN GPS W MUDA GTA Ind UndLeadRef
Merdeka Centre16 – 18 November 2022 Peninsula 5,49734%15%20%22%PH +14% [180]
YouGov 8 – 14 November 2022Malaysia2,68735%18%21%3%1%1%3%20%PH +14% [181]
Merdeka Centre5 – 8 November 2022Peninsula1,06735%21%22%22%PH +13% [182]
Merdeka Centre19 – 28 October 2022Malaysia1,20926%24%13%2%35%PH +2% [183]
IDE-Toyo University21 – 28 October 20222,42331%28%13%29%PH +3% [184]
Endeavour-MGC7 – 15 November 2022Peninsula1,06834%34%30%8%Tie [185]
O2 Malaysia5 – 10 October 2022Malaysia1,10539%26%17%4%3%4%1%7%PH +13% [186]
ISEAS/YouGov5 – 30 September 2022805 [nb 22] 11%19%11%9%1%43%BN +8% [187]
Merdeka Centreas of 30 September 202227%27%9%33%Tie [188]
Ilham Centre1 Aug 30 September 20221,62218%35%12%15%21%BN +17% [189]
Vodus21 Jul 21 August 2022Peninsula74,58220%23%16%5%37%BN +3% [190]
Sabah 14%17%13%14%5%37%BN +3% [191]
Sarawak 17%13%14%33%4%20%GPS +16%
Merdeka Centreas of 30 July 2022Malaysia23%28%13%37%BN +5% [188]
Merdeka Centreas of 31 May 202226%29%14%31%BN +3% [188]
Johor state election 12 March 2022 Johor 1,391,16226%43%24%<1%3%1%<1%BN +17%

2018–2021

Polling firmDates conductedRegionSample sizePHBNPNGPSWMUDAGTAIndUndLeadRef
Sarawak state election 18 December 2021Sarawak746,34911%61%28%GPS +42% [192]
Malacca state election 20 November 2021 Malacca 319,68936%38%24%2%BN +2% [193]
Emir ResearchAugust 2020Malaysia2,09610%47%27%2%2%6%6%BN +20% [194]
Emir Research [nb 23] 15 Jan 25 February 20202,00230%53%BN +23% [195]
Emir Research [nb 23] 5 Sep 10 October 20191,99243%39%17%PH +3% [196]

Results of the 14th Malaysian general election, 9 May 2018

Polling firmDates conductedRegionTotal votesPHBNGSUSAWIndUndLeadRef
General election 9 May 201812,299,51446%34%17%0.5%2%0.5%PH +12%

Results

Dewan Rakyat 2022 election results.svg
Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Pakatan Harapan People's Justice Party 2,442,03815.7431–16
Democratic Action Party 2,422,57715.6140–2
National Trust Party 884,3845.708–3
Malaysian United Democratic Alliance 74,3920.481New
United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation 72,7510.472+1
Total5,896,14238.0082–18
Perikatan Nasional Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 2,259,35314.5643+25
Malaysian United Indigenous Party 2,102,15113.5531+17
Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia 305,0251.9700
Total4,666,52930.0774+42
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 2,549,34116.4326–28
Malaysian Chinese Association 665,4364.292+1
Malaysian Indian Congress 172,1761.111–1
Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah 23,8770.1510
Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress 21,4680.1400
Malaysia Makkal Sakti Party 10,6600.0700
All Malaysian Indian Progressive Front 7,3870.0500
Love Malaysia Party 5,4170.0300
Total3,455,76222.2730–28
Gabungan Parti Sarawak Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu 343,9542.2214+1
Sarawak United Peoples' Party 167,0631.082+1
Progressive Democratic Party 84,0450.5420
Parti Rakyat Sarawak 67,5390.445+2
Total662,6014.2723+4
Heritage Party 281,7321.823–4
Gabungan Rakyat Sabah Direct members of GRS 94,0850.614+4
United Sabah Party 65,3110.4210
Homeland Solidarity Party 29,8740.1910
Sabah Progressive Party 5,0540.0300
Total194,3241.256+4
Gerakan Tanah Air Homeland Fighter's Party 88,7260.570–4
Parti Bumiputera Perkasa Malaysia 12,0610.0800
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front 4,2520.0300
National Indian Muslim Alliance Party 4,1360.0300
Total109,1750.700–4
Sarawak United
People's Alliance
Parti Sarawak Bersatu 57,5790.370–1
Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak Baru 3,0530.0200
Parti Bumi Kenyalang 2,3110.0100
Total62,9430.410–1
Social Democratic Harmony Party 52,0540.341New
Parti Bangsa Malaysia 16,4370.111–5
PSMPRM
informal coalition
Parti Rakyat Malaysia 5,8650.0400
Socialist Party of Malaysia 7790.0100
Total6,6440.0400
Sarawak People's Awareness Party1,0360.0100
Sabah People's Unity Party 5410.0000
People's First Party2640.0000
Independents111,0430.722–1
Total15,517,227100.002220
Valid votes15,517,22798.98
Invalid/blank votes160,3401.02
Total votes15,677,567100.00
Registered voters/turnout21,173,63874.04
Source: Election Commission of Malaysia [197] The Star [198]

By alliance

State or federal territoryPH + MUDAPNBN + GRSGPSOtherTotal
Votes%Votes%Votes%Votes%Votes%
Flag of Perlis.svg Perlis 29,31719.7780,28754.1535,36523.85n/a3,3082.23148,277
Flag of Kedah.svg Kedah 281,52323.28664,72054.96235,35319.46n/a27,9432.311,209,539
Flag of Kelantan.svg Kelantan 87,2938.80631,20163.66265,66626.79n/a7,4110.75991,571
Flag of Terengganu.svg Terengganu 40,6455.50460,78962.34234,39231.71n/a3,2700.44739,096
Flag of Penang (Malaysia).svg Penang 566,24559.99226,17323.96143,39815.19n/a8,1550.86943,971
Flag of Perak.svg Perak 641,20543.29456,75130.84369,84824.97n/a13,4140.911,481,218
Flag of Pahang.svg Pahang 199,91822.90330,91237.91335,04838.38n/a7,0100.80872,888
Flag of Selangor.svg Selangor 1,547,38552.85806,71727.55509,85217.41n/a63,8152.182,927,769
Flag of Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.svg Kuala Lumpur 535,52762.62166,05619.42136,72015.99n/a16,8911.98855,194
Flag of Putrajaya.svg Putrajaya 5,98816.3416,00243.6713,69237.37n/a9612.6236,643
Flag of Negeri Sembilan.svg Negeri Sembilan 295,44944.80144,83521.96212,16732.17n/a6,9691.06659,420
Flag of Malacca.svg Malacca 199,26738.69159,23830.92152,61329.63n/a3,9230.76515,041
Flag of Johor.svg Johor 825,18242.26519,66126.62598,24430.64n/a9,3710.481,952,458
Flag of Labuan.svg Labuan 5,30718.678,12428.597,41626.10n/a7,57226.6428,419
Flag of Sabah.svg Sabah 294,67627.5811,3031.06403,29537.74n/a359,25933.621,068,533
Flag of Sarawak.svg Sarawak 376,59231.9535,3973.00n/a662,60156.21104,2788.851,178,868
Total5,931,51938.004,701,90630.123,653,06923.40662,6014.24643,5514.1215,608,906
Source: Election Commission of Malaysia (SPR) [199]

By parliamentary seats

2022 Malaysian general election seats cartogram.svg
State or federal territoryPH + MUDAPNBN + GRSGPSOtherTotal
Seats%+/Seats%+/Seats%+/Seats%+/Seats%+/
Flag of Perlis.svg Perlis 0n/aDecrease2.svg 13100Increase2.svg 30n/aDecrease2.svg 2n/aSteady2.svg0n/aSteady2.svg3
Flag of Kedah.svg Kedah 16.67Decrease2.svg 91493.33Increase2.svg 110n/aDecrease2.svg 2n/aSteady2.svg0n/aDecrease2.svg 315
Flag of Kelantan.svg Kelantan 00Steady2.svg14100Increase2.svg 30n/aDecrease2.svg 3n/aSteady2.svg0n/aSteady2.svg14
Flag of Terengganu.svg Terengganu 00Steady2.svg8100Increase2.svg 20n/aDecrease2.svg 2n/aSteady2.svg0n/aSteady2.svg8
Flag of Penang (Malaysia).svg Penang 1076.92Steady2.svg323.08Increase2.svg 10n/aDecrease2.svg 1n/aSteady2.svg0n/aSteady2.svg13
Flag of Perak.svg Perak 1145.83Decrease2.svg 11041.67Increase2.svg 6312.50Decrease2.svg 5n/aSteady2.svg0n/aSteady2.svg24
Flag of Pahang.svg Pahang 214.29Decrease2.svg 2750.00Increase2.svg 6535.71Decrease2.svg 4n/aSteady2.svg0n/aSteady2.svg14
Flag of Selangor.svg Selangor 1672.72Steady2.svg627.28Increase2.svg 30n/aDecrease2.svg 1n/aSteady2.svg0n/aDecrease2.svg 222
Flag of Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.svg Kuala Lumpur 1090.90Increase2.svg 10n/aDecrease2.svg 219.10Increase2.svg 1n/aSteady2.svg0n/aSteady2.svg11
Flag of Putrajaya.svg Putrajaya 0n/aSteady2.svg1100Increase2.svg 10n/aDecrease2.svg 1n/aSteady2.svg0n/aSteady2.svg1
Flag of Negeri Sembilan.svg Negeri Sembilan 337.50Decrease2.svg 10n/aDecrease2.svg 1562.50Increase2.svg 2n/aSteady2.svg0n/aSteady2.svg8
Flag of Malacca.svg Malacca 350.00Steady2.svg350.00Increase2.svg 10n/aDecrease2.svg 1n/aSteady2.svg0n/aSteady2.svg6
Flag of Johor.svg Johor 1557.69Increase2.svg 327.69Decrease2.svg 1934.62Increase2.svg 1n/aSteady2.svg0n/aDecrease2.svg 326
Flag of Labuan.svg Labuan 0n/aSteady2.svg1100Increase2.svg 10n/aDecrease2.svg 1n/aSteady2.svg0n/aSteady2.svg1
Flag of Sabah.svg Sabah 520.00Decrease2.svg 114.00Increase2.svg 11352.00Increase2.svg 8n/aSteady2.svg624.00Decrease2.svg 825
Flag of Sarawak.svg Sarawak 619.35Decrease2.svg 113.23Steady2.svg0n/aSteady2.svg2374.19Increase2.svg 413.23Decrease2.svg 331
Total8236.94Decrease2.svg 97332.88Increase2.svg 363013.51Decrease2.svg 112310.36Increase2.svg 473.15Decrease2.svg 17222
Source: Election Commission of Malaysia (SPR) [199]

State assemblies

State /
Federal Territory
Barisan NasionalPakatan Harapan + Malaysian United Democratic AlliancePerikatan NasionalGerakan Tanah AirOthers / Independents
Votes%Seats%±!Votes%Seats%±!Votes%Seats%±!Votes%Seats%±!Votes%Seats%±!
Flag of Pahang.svg Pahang 337,53338.751738.10Decrease2.svg 8188,23021.61819.05Decrease2.svg 1340,37839.071740.48Increase2.svg 94,9290.5800.00Steady2.svg2,1250.2500.00Steady2.svg
Flag of Perak.svg Perak 380,81620.38915.25Decrease2.svg 18624,59442.352440.68Decrease2.svg 4456,03430.922644.07Increase2.svg 224,2770.0000.00Steady2.svg9,2440.0000.00Steady2.svg
Flag of Perlis.svg Perlis 36,30124.4900.00Decrease2.svg 1027,85618.7916.67Decrease2.svg 277,50452.291493.33Increase2.svg 129050.0000.00Steady2.svg5,6460.0000.00Steady2.svg

Seats that changed allegiance

No.SeatPrevious Party (2018)Current Party (2022)
P001 Flag of Perlis.svg Padang Besar Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P002 Flag of Perlis.svg Kangar Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P003 Flag of Perlis.svg Arau Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P004 Flag of Kedah.svg Langkawi Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P005 Flag of Kedah.svg Jerlun Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P006 Flag of Kedah.svg Kubang Pasu Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P007 Flag of Kedah.svg Padang Terap Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P008 Flag of Kedah.svg Pokok Sena Pakatan Harapan (AMANAH) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P009 Flag of Kedah.svg Alor Setar Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P010 Flag of Kedah.svg Kuala Kedah Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P014 Flag of Kedah.svg Merbok Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P016 Flag of Kedah.svg Baling Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P017 Flag of Kedah.svg Padang Serai Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P018 Flag of Kedah.svg Kulim-Bandar Baharu Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P026 Flag of Kelantan.svg Ketereh Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P027 Flag of Kelantan.svg Tanah Merah Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P029 Flag of Kelantan.svg Machang Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P030 Flag of Kelantan.svg Jeli Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P032 Flag of Kelantan.svg Gua Musang Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P033 Flag of Terengganu.svg Besut Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P038 Flag of Terengganu.svg Hulu Terengganu Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P041 Flag of Penang (Malaysia).svg Kepala Batas Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P042 Flag of Penang (Malaysia).svg Tasek Gelugor Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P044 Flag of Penang (Malaysia).svg Permatang Pauh Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P054 Flag of Perak.svg Gerik Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P056 Flag of Perak.svg Larut Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P057 Flag of Perak.svg Parit Buntar Pakatan Harapan (AMANAH) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P058 Flag of Perak.svg Bagan Serai Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P059 Flag of Perak.svg Bukit Gantang Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P061 Flag of Perak.svg Padang Rengas Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P063 Flag of Perak.svg Tambun Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu) Pakatan Harapan (PKR)
P067 Flag of Perak.svg Kuala Kangsar Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P069 Flag of Perak.svg Parit Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P073 Flag of Perak.svg Pasir Salak Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P074 Flag of Perak.svg Lumut Pakatan Harapan (AMANAH) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P081 Flag of Pahang.svg Jerantut Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P082 Flag of Pahang.svg Indera Mahkota Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P083 Flag of Pahang.svg Kuantan Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P086 Flag of Pahang.svg Maran Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P087 Flag of Pahang.svg Kuala Krau Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P088 Flag of Pahang.svg Temerloh Pakatan Harapan (AMANAH) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P091 Flag of Pahang.svg Rompin Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P092 Flag of Selangor.svg Sabak Bernam Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P093 Flag of Selangor.svg Sungai Besar Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P094 Flag of Selangor.svg Hulu Selangor Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P095 Flag of Selangor.svg Tanjong Karang Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P109 Flag of Selangor.svg Kapar Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P112 Flag of Selangor.svg Kuala Langat Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P115 Flag of Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.svg Batu Independent Pakatan Harapan (PKR)
P119 Flag of Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.svg Titiwangsa Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu) Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
P125 Flag of Putrajaya.svg Putrajaya Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P129 Flag of Negeri Sembilan.svg Kuala Pilah Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu) Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
P133 Flag of Negeri Sembilan.svg Tampin Pakatan Harapan (AMANAH) Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
P134 Flag of Malacca.svg Masjid Tanah Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P135 Flag of Malacca.svg Alor Gajah Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu) Pakatan Harapan (AMANAH)
P136 Flag of Malacca.svg Tangga Batu Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P139 Flag of Malacca.svg Jasin Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P143 Flag of Johor.svg Pagoh Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P146 Flag of Johor.svg Muar Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu) MUDA
P151 Flag of Johor.svg Simpang Renggam Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu) Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
P154 Flag of Johor.svg Mersing Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P165 Flag of Johor.svg Tanjung Piai Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu) Barisan Nasional (MCA)
P167 Flag of Sabah.svg Kudat Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Independent
P168 Flag of Sabah.svg Kota Marudu Barisan Nasional (PBS) KDM
P170 Flag of Sabah.svg Tuaran Barisan Nasional (UPKO) Pakatan Harapan (UPKO)
P171 Flag of Sabah.svg Sepanggar WARISAN Pakatan Harapan (PKR)
P173 Flag of Sabah.svg Putatan Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
P174 Flag of Sabah.svg Penampang WARISAN Pakatan Harapan (UPKO)
P175 Flag of Sabah.svg Papar WARISAN Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (Direct member)
P178 Flag of Sabah.svg Sipitang Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (Direct member)
P179 Flag of Sabah.svg Ranau Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (Direct member)
P180 Flag of Sabah.svg Keningau United Sabah Alliance (STAR) Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (STAR)
P181 Flag of Sabah.svg Tenom Pakatan Harapan (DAP) Independent
P183 Flag of Sabah.svg Beluran Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P185 Flag of Sabah.svg Batu Sapi WARISAN Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (Direct member)
P190 Flag of Sabah.svg Tawau Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (PBS)
P191 Flag of Sabah.svg Kalabakan WARISAN Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
P198 Flag of Sarawak.svg Puncak Borneo Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Gabungan Parti Sarawak (PBB)
P203 Flag of Sarawak.svg Lubok Antu Independent Gabungan Parti Sarawak (PRS)
P205 Flag of Sarawak.svg Saratok Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P208 Flag of Sarawak.svg Sarikei Pakatan Harapan (DAP) Gabungan Parti Sarawak (SUPP)
P209 Flag of Sarawak.svg Julau Independent Parti Bangsa Malaysia
P214 Flag of Sarawak.svg Selangau Pakatan Harapan (PKR) Gabungan Parti Sarawak (PRS)

Aftermath

Formation of federal government

In the general election, no individual alliance won the required 112 seats needed for a majority in the Dewan Rakyat to form the next government. [200]

On 19 November, Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS) leader Abang Johari said that his party would work together with Perikatan Nasional (PN), Barisan Nasional (BN) and Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) to form the government. [201] PN leader Muhyiddin Yassin also claimed to have a sufficient majority to be appointed as Prime Minister, citing support from PN, BN, GPS and GRS. [202] However, BN leader Ahmad Zahid Hamidi said that BN had not negotiated with GPS or PN on forming a government with BN, while also stating that BN MPs already agreed to let him decide who BN would ally with to form a government. [203]

On 20 November, In a press conference at around 3:00 a.m. Pakatan Harapan (PH) leader Anwar Ibrahim claimed to have secured a simple majority of 111 seats a to form the next government, but refused to mention which other parties were cooperating. This came not long after Perikatan Nasional chairman Muhyiddin Yassin hinted at being able to form a coalition government but rejected working with PH. [204] [205]

On 21 November, PH leaders and BN leaders met at the Seri Pacific Hotel. [206] Also on 21 November, the deadline for political parties to prove their majority in Parliament to form a government and nominate a prime minister was extended for 24 hours by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, shifting the deadline to the next day. [207] Meanwhile, Hamzah Zainudin of PN said that PN submitted over 112 statutory declarations from MPs supporting Muhyiddin for Prime Minister. [208]

On 22 November, Ismail Sabri Yaakob of BN stated that BN would not support either PH or PN to form a government and was prepared to sit in opposition. [209] Meanwhile, after discontent from Sarawak over GPS working with PN, GPS stated that it was up to the Yang di-Pertuan Agong to appoint the Prime Minister; while Parti Warisan voiced support for a government with PH and BN. [210] [211] Also that day, the royal palace stated that after the Yang di-Pertuan Agong reviewed the nominations for prime minister, he found that "no member of parliament has the majority support to be appointed prime minister", so the Yang di-Pertuan Agong summoned Anwar and Muhyiddin to meet him. [212] [213] After the meeting, Muhyiddin said that the Yang di-Pertuan Agong proposed a unity government between Pakatan Harapan and Perikatan National, but Muhyiddin rejected it as Perikatan National "will not cooperate" with Pakatan Harapan; while Anwar acknowledged that the prime minister had yet to be determined, while stating that "given time, I think we will secure a simple majority". [214] [215]

On 23 November, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong met with BN and GPS leaders in the royal palace. [216] Meanwhile, some members of BN and PN met in St Regis Hotel. [217]

On 24 November, Ahmad Maslan of UMNO stated that the party's supreme council has agreed to follow the wishes of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong for BN to join a unity government not led by PN. [218] Meanwhile, Perikatan Nasional would consider forming a unity government, stated its secretary-general Hamzah Zainudin; while GRS leader Hajiji Noor stated that GRS would abide by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong's wishes on forming a new government, including if a unity government was formed. [219] [220] Also, DAP secretary-general Anthony Loke publicly apologised on behalf of his party to the Sarawak government and Sarawak people for any offensive statement by a DAP leader, while DAP chairman Lim Guan Eng apologised as well for "my remarks that may have offended the Sarawak Premier and the GPS Sarawak state government", calling for "a fresh start to cooperate together". [221]

Later on 24 November, the royal palace announced that PH chairman Anwar Ibrahim was appointed as Prime Minister by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Al-Sultan Abdullah, after the Agong conducted a consultation with the Conference of Rulers of Malaysia. [1] [20] Anwar was sworn in at 5 pm that day, making him Malaysia's 10th Prime Minister. [21] However, Muhyiddin continued to insist that he had the support of a majority of 115 MPs to form the next government and called on Anwar to prove Anwar's majority; this led to former Prime Minister Najib Razak calling for Muhyiddin himself to prove his 115 MP majority. [222] As of 24 November, Anwar has received support from MPs from PH, BN, GPS, Warisan, MUDA and PBM, as well as independent MPs. [19] Anwar has pledged to hold a vote of confidence on 19 December 2022, once MPs are sworn into Parliament. [19]

On 25 November, both Anwar and GRS leader Hajiji Noor stated that GRS had joined the unity government, supporting Anwar; this resulted in Anwar becoming the first prime minister since Abdullah Ahmad Badawi in 2008 to have two-thirds majority support in Parliament. [22] [223] Meanwhile, Muhyiddin congratulated Anwar and acknowledged him as Prime Minister, thanked Anwar for inviting PN to join the unity government, and declined Anwar's invitation, stating that PN would play the role of a "credible opposition" to ensure "corruption-free governance". [23] [224]

Anwar Ibrahim received the vote of confidence of the parliament on 19 December. [225]

International reactions

Following the formation of unity government and the appointment of Anwar as prime minister, organisations such as the European Union, [226] the United Nations, [226] as well as various head of states and their representative including from Afghanistan, [227] Australia, [228] Austria, [229] Bahrain, [230] Bangladesh, [231] Brazil, [229] Canada, [232] China, [233] East Timor, [234] Finland, [226] Germany, [235] India, [236] Iran, [237] Japan, [238] Maldives, [226] New Zealand, [239] Pakistan, [240] Qatar, [241] Russia, [229] Saudi Arabia, [242] Somalia, [226] South Korea, [243] Sri Lanka, [244] Sudan, [245] Taiwan, [246] Turkey, [247] the United Arab Emirates, [248] the United Kingdom, [229] the United States, [249] and Yemen [250] sent their congratulatory messages.

Some of the head of states of neighbouring ASEAN countries also congratulated Anwar:

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 Polling in 11 stations within the Baram constituency was delayed to 21 November due to flooding, while polling in Padang Serai was also delayed to 7 December due to the death of a candidate.
  2. Barisan Nasional named Ismail Sabri Yaakob as its Prime Ministerial candidate, however Ahmad Zahid Hamidi was the central leading figure throughout the election.
  3. MUDA had yet to be admitted as an official component party of Pakatan Harapan. However, Anwar Ibrahim has stated that Pakatan Harapan would be forming an electoral pact with MUDA.
  4. Excludes BERSATU, which was part of the coalition in the 2018 election but subsequently left and later joined Perikatan Nasional in 2020. The original number of seats and vote share held by Pakatan Harapan as it was in 2018 was 113 seats and 45.68%, respectively.
  5. New coalition formed in 2020. These numbers are the total seats and vote share of BERSATU, PAS, GERAKAN, STAR and SAPP in the last election. The parties were previously part of Pakatan Harapan, Gagasan Sejahtera and Barisan Nasional.
  6. Total seats and vote share of the parties currently in Barisan Nasional (UMNO, MCA, MIC and PBRS). The total seats and vote share of Barisan Nasional as it was in the last election was 79 seats and 33.77%, respectively.
  7. 1 2 3 Seats held at dissolution.
  8. Includes MUDA.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Compared to 2018 election.
  10. New coalition formed in 2018. These numbers are the total seats and vote share of PBB, PRS, SUPP, PDP, and PPSS United in the last election. All parties were previously part of Barisan Nasional and Independent politicians.
  11. New coalition officially formed in 2022. These numbers are the total seats and vote share of BERSATU Sabah, PBS, STAR, LDP, PHRS, USNO and SAPP in the last election. The parties were previously part of Barisan Nasional, United Sabah Alliance and United Borneo Alliance.
  12. PBM was in a leadership dispute, with incumbent president Larry Sng claiming he remained party president, while Zuraida Kamaruddin was announced as the new president after a party general assembly in October 2022 without proper procedures, having been announced as president-designate in June 2022.
  13. Then known as the Sarawak Worker's Party.
  14. BERJASA's result in 2018. The remaining parties are new parties.
  15. Combined result of PBDS and PBK in 2018. PSB did not contest the last election.
  16. The lifting of the proclamation of the status of emergency in Bugaya (N66) on 12 October 2022 meant that a local election of the Sabahan constituency would be held in conjunction with the general election. [49]
  17. Contested at Sungai Buloh.
  18. Contested in Bagan Datuk.
  19. Contested at Titiwangsa.
  20. Contested at Sepang.
  21. Contested at Lawas.
  22. Involves ages 1824 only.
  23. 1 2 Barisan Nasional was tallied as Muafakat Nasional.

    Related Research Articles

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Barisan Nasional</span> Political party coalition in Malaysia

    The National Front is a political coalition of Malaysia that was founded in 1973 as a coalition of centre-right and right-wing political parties to succeed the Alliance Party. It is the third largest political coalition with 30 seats in the Dewan Rakyat after Pakatan Harapan (PH) with 82 seats and Perikatan Nasional (PN) with 74 seats.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">United Malays National Organisation</span> National political party in Malaysia

    The United Malays National Organisation ; abbreviated UMNO or less commonly PEKEMBAR, is a nationalist right-wing political party in Malaysia. As the oldest continuous national political party within Malaysia, UMNO has been known as Malaysia's "Grand Old Party".

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah</span> Malaysian political party

    The United Sabah People's Party is a minority political party based in Sabah, Malaysia. Presently PBRS is being led by its President Arthur Joseph Kurup. The party was previously led by its founding and first President; Joseph Kurup from 1994 to 2023. PBRS is officially a component party of Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition since 1994 except for a brief period from 2018 to 2020.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Muhyiddin Yassin</span> Prime Minister of Malaysia from 2020 to 2021

    Tan Sri Dato' Haji Mahiaddin bin Md. Yasin, commonly known as Muhyiddin bin Mohd. Yassin, is a Malaysian politician who served as the eighth Prime Minister of Malaysia from 2020 to 2021. Appointed as prime minister amid a political crisis, Muhyiddin served for 17 months and resigned after losing parliamentary support.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Anwar Ibrahim</span> Prime Minister of Malaysia since 2022

    Anwar bin Ibrahim is a Malaysian politician who has served as the tenth Prime Minister of Malaysia since 2022. He served as the 12th and 16th Leader of the Opposition from 2008 to 2015 and again from 2020 to 2022. He has been the chairman of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition since 2020, the second President of the People's Justice Party (PKR) since 2018 and the Member of Parliament (MP) for Tambun since November 2022. He also served as Deputy Prime Minister and in many other Cabinet positions in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad from 1982 to his removal in 1998.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Kamarudin Jaffar</span> Malaysian politician

    Kamarudin bin Jaffar is a Malaysian politician who served as the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs for the second term in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob and former Minister Saifuddin Abdullah from August 2021 to the collapse of the BN administration in November 2022 and the first term in the Perikatan Nasional (PN) administration under former Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin and former Minister Hishammudin Hussein from March 2020 to the collapse of the PN administration in August 2021, Member of Parliament (MP) for Bandar Tun Razak from May 2018 to November 2022, Deputy Minister of Transport in the Pakatan Harapan (PH) administration under former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad and former Minister Anthony Loke Siew Fook from July 2018 to the collapse of the PH administration in February 2020 and MP for Tumpat from November 1999 to May 2018. He is a member of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), a component party of the PN coalition and was a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR), a component party of the PH coalition, Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), a former component party of the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) and Barisan Alternatif (BA) coalitions and United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">2018 Malaysian general election</span>

    General elections were held in Malaysia on Wednesday, 9 May 2018. At stake were all 222 seats in the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of parliament. The 13th Parliament was dissolved by Prime Minister Najib Razak on 7 April 2018. It would have been automatically dissolved on 24 June 2018, five years after the first meeting of the first session of the 13th Parliament of Malaysia on 24 June 2013.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Pakatan Harapan</span> Malaysian political coalition

    The Alliance of Hope is a Malaysian political coalition consisting of centre-left political parties which was formed in 2015 to succeed the Pakatan Rakyat coalition. It has been part of a "Unity Government" since November 2022 together with other political coalitions and parties as a result of the 2022 Malaysian general election, and previously for 22 months after it had won the 2018 Malaysian general election until February 2020 when it lost power as a result of the 2020 Malaysian political crisis at the federal level. The coalition deposed the Barisan Nasional coalition government during the 2018 election, ending its 60-year-long reign since independence.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Malaysian United Indigenous Party</span> Malaysian political party

    The Malaysian United Indigenous Party, abbreviated BERSATU or PPBM, is a nationalist political party in Malaysia. The party was preceded by the United Indigenous Association of Malaysia. It is a major component party within the Perikatan Nasional coalition. BERSATU was approved and registered on 14 January 2017 by the Registrar of Societies (ROS) and the use of the BERSATU logo was authorized by the Malaysian Election Commission (SPR). The party held the Prime Ministerial position as well as the majority of positions in the cabinet from May 2020 to August 2021. The party's founding members came from the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) and Barisan Nasional rebel group Gabungan Ketua Cawangan Malaysia in 2016.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 14th Malaysian Parliament</span>

    This is a list of the members of the Dewan Rakyat of the 14th Parliament of Malaysia.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis</span> Political crisis in Malaysia

    The 2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis was triggered after several Members of Parliament (MPs) of the 14th Malaysian Parliament changed party support, leading to the loss of a parliamentary majority, the collapse of two successive coalition governments, and the resignation of two Prime Ministers. The political crisis culminated in a 2022 snap general election and eventual formation of a coalition government.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Perikatan Nasional</span> Political coalition in Malaysia

    The National Alliance is a political coalition composed of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party, Malaysian Islamic Party, Malaysian People's Movement Party and Sabah Progressive Party. This coalition was preceded by the Malaysian Party Alliance Association, also known as the Persatuan Perikatan Parti Malaysia (PPPM). It is the second largest political coalition in Dewan Rakyat with 74 seats after Pakatan Harapan (PH) with 81 seats; dubbed as the "Green Wave".

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Muafakat Nasional</span> Political party in Malaysia

    The National Concord was a Malaysian political coalition that was formed between the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) and United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) against the then-ruling Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition which had come into power after the 2018 Malaysian general election (GE14). The political cooperation between the two largest Malay/Muslim-based parties was officialised with the signing of the Piagam Muafakat Nasional. The five-point charter was signed by PAS president Abdul Hadi Awang and UMNO president Ahmad Zahid Hamidi in the Himpunan Penyatuan Ummah held at Putra World Trade Centre (PWTC), Kuala Lumpur on 14 September 2019. Its main aim is to unite the Malay/Muslim community or Ummah for electoral purposes.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Mohd Shahar Abdullah</span> Malaysian politician

    Mohd Shahar bin Abdullah is a Malaysian politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Paya Besar since May 2018. He served as the Deputy Minister of Finance I in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob and former Minister Tengku Zafrul Aziz from August 2021 to the collapse of the BN administration in November 2022 and the Deputy Minister of Finance II in the Perikatan Nasional (PN) administration under former Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin and former Minister Tengku Zafrul from March 2020 to the collapse of BN administration in August 2021. He is a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the BN coalition.

    Dato' Sri Ikmal Hisham Bin Abdul Aziz is a Malaysian politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Tanah Merah since May 2013. He served as the Deputy Minister of Defence for the second term in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob and former Minister Hishammuddin Hussein from August 2021 to the collapse of the BN administration in November 2022 and the first term in the Perikatan Nasional (PN) administration under former Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin and former Minister Ismail Sabri from March 2020 to the collapse of the PN administration in August 2021. He is a member of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), a component party of the PN and formerly Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalitions and was a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition. After the defeat of BN to PH in 2018 general election, he resigned from UMNO in 2018 and joined BERSATU in 2019.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 Sabah state election</span> 2020 legislative election in Sabah, Malaysia

    The 2020 Sabah state election took place on 26 September 2020 to elect all 73 elected members of the 16th Sabah State Legislative Assembly. The previous Assembly was dissolved on 30 July 2020.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Johor state election</span> State election in Malaysia

    The 2022 Johor state election, formally the 15th Johor general election, took place on 12 March 2022. The election was to elect 56 members of the 15th Johor State Legislative Assembly. The previous assembly was dissolved on 22 January 2022.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">2023 Malaysian state elections</span> Sub-national general elections

    State elections in 2023 were held in Selangor, Kelantan, Terengganu, Negeri Sembilan, Kedah and Penang on 12 August 2023, following the dissolution of their state assemblies between 22 June and 1 July 2023.

    References

    1. 1 2 "Malaysian opposition leader Anwar appointed prime minister". Reuters . 24 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    2. Ahmad, Mohamad Rasdan (4 October 2022). "Sah PRU Tahun ini". Kosmo! . Retrieved 4 October 2022.[ permanent dead link ]
    3. "Dr M: July 2023 the best date for GE15". The Star. 16 June 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
    4. "Proclamation – Summon the Parliament [P.U. (A) 139/2018]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chamber of Malaysia. 13 June 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2020. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
    5. 1 2 "Malaysia PM dissolves parliament". Reuters. 10 October 2022. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
    6. "No early elections for PAS-held states, says party vice-president". Free Malaysia Today . 6 June 2022. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
    7. "GE15: Penang, Selangor and Negri not dissolving state assemblies this year, says Anwar". The Star. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    8. 1 2 3 4 "GE15: Penang, S'gor, Negri assemblies will not dissolve, says Pakatan presidential council". Nation. The Star . 15 October 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.
    9. 1 2 3 Hassan, Hazlin (14 October 2022). "Malaysia's PAS says its three state assemblies won't be dissolved for elections". The Straits Times . Retrieved 16 October 2022.
    10. "Will young voters in Malaysia revive the career of a 97-year-old politician?". NPR.org. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
    11. "Padang Serai polls set for dec 7". 19 November 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
    12. "GE15: Polling for Baram suspended due to bad weather". 19 November 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
    13. "Malaysia's 'Green Wave' Was a Long Time Coming". Fulcrum Singapore. 26 January 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
    14. "'Green wave' sweeps over voters". The Star. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
    15. "Iman Research: PAS' 'green wave' long time coming, came from lack of Pakatan presence and winning over first-time voters". Malay Mail. 20 January 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
    16. "'Gelombang hijau' PAS akan berkembang dalam PRN, kata Hadi". Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
    17. "ULASAN Kejutan 'Gelombang Hijau' dalam PRU15". Malaysia Kini. 30 November 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
    18. "Bangkitnya 'gelombang hijau' di Malaysia". Benar News. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
    19. 1 2 3 "Parliament session on Dec 19, motion of confidence on PM to be tabled – PM Anwar". Bernama. 24 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
    20. 1 2 "Anwar Ibrahim appointed as Malaysia's 10th Prime Minister". Bernama. 24 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    21. 1 2 3 "Anwar Ibrahim sworn in as Malaysia's 10th Prime Minister". New Straits Times . 24 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    22. 1 2 Dahali, Rafiqah (25 November 2022). "GRS joined unity government for the good of Sabah, says Hajiji". New Straits Times . Retrieved 26 November 2022.
    23. 1 2 Rodzi, Nadirah (25 November 2022). "PN to stay as opposition bloc, to provide checks and balances to Anwar's unity govt". The Straits Times . Retrieved 26 November 2022.
    24. 1 2 Martin Carvalho; Hemananthani Sivanandam; Rahimy Rahim; Tarrence Tan (16 July 2019). "Dewan Rakyat passes Bill to amend Federal Constitution to lower voting age to 18". The Star. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
    25. 1 2 "Kenyataan media – Pendaftaran pengundi 18 tahun" (PDF). Election Commission of Malaysia (in Malay). 7 June 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 June 2020. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
    26. 1 2 Sipalan, Joseph; Azmi, Hadi (28 October 2022). "Malaysia election: As race heats up to win youth vote, do veteran MPs pass the 'vibe check'?". South China Morning Post .
    27. "Najib in jail: What are his options after losing his final appeal in 1MDB-linked case?". CNA. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
    28. "Malaysian PM hopes to brush off 1MDB scandal in next election". Nikkei Asia. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
    29. "'Still angry': as Malaysians lose faith in politics, will new faces offer hope?". South China Morning Post. 23 October 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
    30. "Malaysia declares Covid state of emergency amid political turmoil". The Guardian. 12 January 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
    31. 1 2 3 Chu, Mei Mei; Latiff, Rozanna; Lee, Liz (16 August 2021). "Malaysian PM Muhyiddin resigns as political crisis escalates". Reuters. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
    32. 1 2 "A timeline of events leading to Malaysian PM's resignation". AP NEWS. 16 August 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
    33. "Malaysia appoints third prime minister in as many years". The Independent. 20 August 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
    34. Teoh, Shannon (12 June 2020). "Malaysia PM Muhyiddin Yassin looks to snap polls to end battle with predecessor Mahathir" . The Straits Times . Retrieved 13 June 2020.
    35. Soo, Wern Jun (12 June 2020). "Report: Snap polls talk gains momentum in Malaysia". Malay Mail . Archived from the original on 13 June 2020. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
    36. 1 2 Shukry, Anisah (1 June 2022). "Malaysia PM Says Won't Delay Dissolving Parliament Once Ready". Bloomberg News . Retrieved 30 June 2022.
    37. Nandini Balakrishnan (28 September 2016). "Here's The Fastest Way To Register As A Voter Before The Next Elections". Says.com. Retrieved 9 May 2018. Qualifications needed to register as a voter in Malaysia:
      a) A Malaysian citizen above the age of 21.
      b) A resident of an election constituency.
      c) Is not disqualified by any laws.
    38. "A Young Malaysian's Guide to the Election". Juice. 30 March 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2018. You are not eligible to register if you are:
      a) on the qualifying date, you are serving jail term or detained as a person of unsound mind.
      b) before the qualifying date, you have been convicted or sentenced to death or serving a jail term of more than 12 months and you're still liable on the qualifying date.
      c) found guilty under the Election Offences Act, 1954.
      d) have a foreign citizenship (Malaysian citizenship law does not permit a Malaysian to carry dual citizenship).
    39. "Age of Majority Act 1971". The Commissioner of Law Revision, Malaysia. 22 April 1971. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
    40. "Here are the best apps to get Malaysia's general elections (GE15) Polling Results and News". Here are the best apps to get Malaysia's general elections (GE15) Polling Results and News. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
    41. Zahiid, Syed Jamal (10 October 2022). "PM Ismail Sabri dissolves Parliament to pave way for GE15". Malay Mail . Retrieved 10 October 2022.
    42. "Hamdan re-elected as Speaker of Perlis Legislative Assembly". The Star . Bernama. 21 July 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
    43. "Raja of Perlis consents to dissolution of state assembly". The Star . Bernama. 14 October 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    44. "Forty Pahang reps sworn in". MalaysiaKini . Bernama. 2 July 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
    45. "GE15: Pahang state assembly dissolved". The Star . 14 October 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    46. "Ngeh appointed Perak state assembly speaker". MalaysiaKini . Bernama. 3 July 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
    47. Bunyan, John (12 October 2022). "MB Saarani leaves Perak palace without nod to dissolve state assembly". Malay Mail . Retrieved 15 October 2022.
    48. "All but one of 56 Selangor assemblymen sworn in". The Sun . Bernama. 26 June 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
    49. Alyaa, Alhadjri (20 October 2022). "Malaysia goes to the polls on Nov 19". MalaysiaKini . Retrieved 21 October 2022.
    50. "Abdullah appointed as Kelantan State Assembly Speaker". theSundaily. 14 October 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.
    51. "32 Terengganu assemblymen sworn in". Malay Mail . Bernama. 1 July 2018. Archived from the original on 9 August 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
    52. Azis, Diana (2 July 2018). "Pengerusi Amanah negeri angkat sumpah Speaker DUN". Utusan Malaysia . Archived from the original on 22 October 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
    53. Trisha, N (5 July 2017). "Kedah gets a Speaker at last". The Star . Alor Setar. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
    54. "Law Choo Kiang elected Penang speaker for second term". The Malaysian Times. Bernama. 2 August 2018. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
    55. Doksil, Mariah (10 October 2020). "21 Warisan assemblymen undergo RTK Antigen test". The Borneo Post . Kota Kinabalu. Archived from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
    56. "GE15: All eyes on EC tomorrow". Malay Mail . Kuala Lumpur. Bernama. 19 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
    57. "Persidangan pertama DUN Melaka ke-15 ditetapkan 27 Disember". Astro Awani . Astro. Bernama. 10 November 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
    58. "ADUN Sarawak angkat sumpah". Sinar Harian (in Malay). Karangkraf Group. Bernama. 14 February 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2022.
    59. "DUN Johor – 56 ADUN angkat sumpah jawatan". Astro Awani . Astro. 21 April 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2022.
    60. "SIMBOL PARTI YANG BERDAFTAR DENGAN SPR SEHINGGA 17 OKTOBER 2022" (PDF). Election Commission of Malaysia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
    61. Dewan Rakyat telah menjadi kosong berikutan dengan pembubaran (in Malay)
    62. Zulkifli, Syamilah (16 October 2022). "Tok Mat mampu menang besar di Rembau: Khairy". Sinar Harian (in Malay). Retrieved 29 October 2022.
    63. Yeong, Ashley (1 November 2022). "BN confirms Khairy for Sungai Buloh in GE15 to loud cheers". Malay Mail. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
    64. "GE15: Four ministers among big guns likely dropped from contesting". The Star. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
    65. 1 2 Mohamed Radhi, Nor Ain; Bala Krishnan, Dhesegaan (1 November 2022). "Several ministers, deputies axed from BN candidate list for GE15". New Straits Times. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
    66. "Shahidan, Zahidi, Ismail and Azhar expelled from Umno – Ahmad Maslan". The Edge Markets. 7 November 2022. Archived from the original on 16 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
    67. "PAS leaders contesting under different banner are automatically expelled, says Hadi". The Star. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
    68. "GE15: Anwar to contest in Tambun parliamentary seat". The Star. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
    69. "PKR likely to field big guns against 'pengkhianat', says Anwar". Malaysiakini. 23 September 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
    70. Ng Xiang Yi; Alena Nadia (28 October 2022). "Selangor MB Amirudin to take on Azmin in Gombak, others dropped". Malaysiakini. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
    71. "PKR announces its candidates for GE15". The Star. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
    72. Razak, Radzi (26 October 2022). "Nik Aziz's son among seven key community leaders announced as PKR's GE15 candidates". Malay Mail. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
    73. "GE15: Tian Chua to be sacked from PKR for running as an independent, says Anwar". The Star. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
    74. "Charles Santiago dropped in Klang". The Sun. Malaysia. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
    75. Jun, Soo Wern (26 October 2022). "GE15: Loke confirms Wong Tack out, Young Syefura in for Bentong contest". Malay Mail. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
    76. "DAP drops Santiago, Kota Kemuning rep Ganabatirau to stand in Klang". The Vibes. 26 October 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
    77. "Dropped duo fire salvos at DAP". The Star. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
    78. Ong, Justin (26 October 2022). "Dropped in Bentong, Wong Tack goes solo to take on DAP's Rara". Malay Mail. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
    79. "以独立人士上阵文冬 黄德被开除党籍! – 全国大选 – 最新消息". 星洲网 Sin Chew Daily Malaysia Latest News and Headlines (in Simplified Chinese). Retrieved 16 November 2022.
    80. 1 2 "Harapan's Padang Serai candidate dies". Malaysiakini. 16 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
    81. "GE15: Padang Serai ballot likely to be delayed". The Vibes. 16 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
    82. Tong, Geraldine (18 November 2022). "EC postpones Padang Serai polling to Dec 7". Malaysiakini. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
    83. "EC to meet on Friday to fix date for Padang Serai contest". Malaysiakini. 16 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
    84. "Election in Padang Serai postponed following candidate's death". Malaysiakini. 17 November 2022. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
    85. "PN's Tioman candidate Yunus Ramli passes away". The Star. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
    86. "Election in Tioman: EC sets Nomination Day on Nov 24, polling on Dec 7". The Star. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
    87. "DAP to use Pakatan logo for GE15 in peninsula, Sabah and Sarawak branches free to decide". Malay Mail. 14 November 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
    88. Sulok, Tawie (13 October 2022). "GE15: Sarawak PKR, Amanah to use Pakatan logo; DAP inclined to use 'Rocket' symbol". Malay Mail. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
    89. "GE15: Sarawak DAP will use its rocket logo". Malaysiakini. 23 October 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    90. "Unlike Sarawak, we're not using rocket logo for GE15: Sabah DAP". The Vibes. 23 October 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    91. Selvam, Kousalya (22 September 2022). "Muda, PSM's desire to work with PH to be looked into, assures Adam Adli". Sinar Daily. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
    92. "GE15: Pakatan will form electoral pact with Muda, says Anwar". The Star. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
    93. Ong, Justin (30 October 2022). "PSM ends pact with Pakatan after allegedly given no seat for GE15". Malay Mail. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
    94. "Perikatan Nasional to contest in all 14 parliament, 42 state seats in Pahang in GE15". The Star. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
    95. "PAS to use own logo in Kelantan, Terengganu and Kedah". Free Malaysia Today. 14 October 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
    96. "Gerakan will not use PAS logo in GE15". The Star. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    97. "GE15: Bersatu candidates in Sabah to contest under GRS logo – Muhyiddin". Malaysiakini. 12 October 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    98. "Sabah's Parti KDM to go solo in GE15". The Borneo Post. 21 October 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
    99. "Dr M's Gerakan Tanah Air eyes 120 seats in GE15". The Star. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
    100. "Mahathir will defend Langkawi seat in Malaysia GE | The Straits Times". The Straits Times. 11 October 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
    101. "BN tanding 191 kerusi". Malaysiakini. 16 October 2022. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
    102. "GE15: Close to 50–50 seats split between GRS, BN in Sabah". Malaysiakini. 15 October 2022. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
    103. "Ismail Sabri: BN-GRS cooperation vital to ensure joint victory in GE15". Malay Mail. 23 October 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    104. "PBRS to contest in Penampang, Moyog, Kepayan". Malay Mail. 11 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
    105. "Umno proposes Ismail Sabri Yaakob as its candidate for PM at next general election". The Straits Times. 14 April 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
    106. Nasir, Aslinda (19 September 2021). "Makkal Sakti diberi tempat pada PRU-15 – Ahmad Zahid". Utusan Digital (in Malay). Retrieved 30 January 2022.
    107. "'Friends of BN' almost certain of becoming BN candidates in GE15 – Zahid". The Edge Markets. 2 June 2022. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
    108. "Seat distribution: GPS maintains status quo, says Abang Jo". Malay Mail. 14 September 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
    109. "Warisan to contest all seats in Penang in GE15". MSN. Retrieved 24 January 2022.
    110. "Not here to play: Siti Kasim to make political debut in GE15". The Vibes. 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
    111. "PBK to contest all 31 parliamentary seats in S'wak". The Vibes. 26 January 2022. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
    112. "Sarawak based opposition parties to meet on seat allocation this month". The Borneo Post. 4 June 2022. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
    113. "PSB, PBK and PBDS formalise collaboration for GE15". Malay Mail. 2 October 2022. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
    114. "GE15: PBK to field four candidates as of now, says Voon". The Borneo Post. 22 October 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
    115. "PRU15: SEDAR sah bertanding, sasar lapan kerusi majoriti Melayu-Melanau". Astro Awani (in Malay). Retrieved 18 October 2022.
    116. "PRM jumps into the election fray, contesting five Parliamentary seats in Penang". The Star. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
    117. Ismail, Rohana (22 October 2022). "PRU15: PRM bertanding di semua kerusi Parlimen di Kelantan". Utusan Malaysia (in Malay). Retrieved 22 October 2022.
    118. Yakkub, Mohd Yunus (1 November 2022). "PRU15: PRM umum tanding 28 Parlimen, 1 DUN". Kosmo Digital (in Malay). Retrieved 1 November 2022.
    119. Asmin, Asyikin (1 November 2022). "Anifah bakal bertanding di Kimanis?". Sinar Harian (in Malay). Retrieved 1 November 2022.
    120. "Aspirasi not fielding anyone in Sibu, Lanang, Bintulu and Miri". The Borneo Post. 22 October 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
    121. "Penang Front Party plans to contest in 10 state and parliamentary seats, says its chairman". Malay Mail. 17 June 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
    122. "GE15 in numbers". The Star. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
    123. "Pengundian di Padang Serai pada 7 Dis". 18 November 2022.
    124. "Will you take blame for lost lives if GE held during floods, MP asks Zahid". Free Malaysia Today. 19 September 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    125. 1 2 Hassan, Hakem (19 September 2022). ""We will proceed" – Zahid Hamidi Slammed For Harshly Saying Elections Must Go On Despite Floods". worldofbuzz.com. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    126. "Year-end not the right time for GE15, say experts". MalaysiaNow. 30 September 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    127. "Low voter turnout due to floods will help Umno win GE15". Malaysia Today. 2 October 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
    128. Osman, Hamzah (17 October 2022). "Umno taking advantage of floods to win GE15, says Dr Mahathir". New Straits Times. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    129. Hassan, Hakem (16 October 2022). "DAP Politician Says Govt Purposely Chose to Have GE During Floods in Hopes of Lower Voter Turn-Out". worldofbuzz.com. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    130. "Zahid says his comment on floods and GE15 taken out of context". The Star. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    131. "Ahmad Zahid: Opposition are running scared of GE15, trying to buy time with flood, inflation narrative | Daily Express Online – Sabah's Leading News Portal". www.dailyexpress.com.my. 27 September 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    132. Zainuddin, Faiz (12 October 2022). "Police resources will be stretched if it floods during GE15". Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
    133. "GE15: 'Over and above' preparations made in facing floods, says Hishammuddin". The Star. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
    134. Pei Ying, Teoh (12 October 2022). "Kit Siang: GE15 is to save Umno and BN "Court Clusters"". New Straits Times. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    135. Ram, Sadho (12 October 2022). "Zahid Hamidi Warns More BN Politicians Will Face Corruption Charges If Party Loses GE15". SAYS. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    136. Alena (12 October 2022). ""If we lose, we'll all get charged" – M'sians Are Upset After Hearing Zahid Hamidi's Speech About GE15". worldofbuzz.com. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    137. "PM Ismail Sabri denies dissolving Parliament after pressure from Umno". Malay Mail. 13 October 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
    138. Margues, Clara Ferreira (18 October 2022). "Will Malaysia's Young Voters Use Their Power?". Bloomberg News .
    139. 1 2 "Gerik MP Hasbullah dies (updated)". The Star. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
    140. 1 2 "Batu Sapi MP Liew Vui Keong dies". The Star. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
    141. "Malaysia declares Covid state of emergency amid political challenges". BBC News. 12 January 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
    142. "King revokes emergency proclamations for Gerik, Batu Sapi and Bugaya". Free Malaysia Today. 7 October 2022. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
    143. "72-year-old Jasin MP Ahmad Hamzah to sit out GE15". Malaysiakini. 26 December 2020. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
    144. Sejahan, Zareen Humairah (28 August 2021). "Mohamed Nazri akan bersara, tidak bertanding PRU-15" [Mohamed Nazri to retire, does not contest in PRU-15]. Utusan Malaysia (in Malay). Retrieved 20 October 2022.
    145. Singh, Sharanjit (23 August 2022). "Najib loses appeal, headed to prison [NSTTV]". New Straits Times. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
    146. Yatim, Norhaspida (24 October 2022). "PRU15: Idris umum tak bertanding, beri laluan pemimpin muda" [PRU15: Idris announced not contesting, giving way for young leaders]. Sinar Harian (in Malay). Retrieved 24 October 2022.
    147. Ab Malek, Roselan (31 October 2022). "Ahmad Nazlan tak pertahan Parlimen Jerantut" [Ahmad Nazlan to not defend Jerantut Parliamentary seat]. Berita Harian (in Malay). Retrieved 31 October 2022.
    148. "Pasir Salak MP Tajuddin, Alor Setar division chief Yusof suspended from Umno". The Star. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
    149. "BN to field Adnan Abu Hassan to wrest Kuala Pilah seat from PN". The Star. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
    150. "GE15: Noh Omar dropped from Tanjung Karang". The Star. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
    151. Chan, Dawn (20 March 2022). "Kit Siang announces retirement from politics [NSTTV]". New Straits Times. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
    152. "Ong takes break from politics, won't contest in GE15". Free Malaysia Today. 9 May 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
    153. "DAP's Kasthuri will not run in GE15, says was not dropped". Free Malaysia Today. 20 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
    154. 代父披甲上阵 . 火箭黄秀励出战泗里街(内附视频) – 地方 – 砂拉越 – 犀乡论战. Sin Chew Daily Malaysia (in Simplified Chinese). Retrieved 23 October 2022.
    155. 1 2 Yap, Fion (26 October 2022). "DAP reshuffle: Bee Yin, Hong Pin, Gobind to contest in new seats". Malaysiakini. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
    156. Chua, Samuel; Azhar, Danial (28 October 2022). "Perak DAP to contest 8 parliamentary, 19 state seats". Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
    157. Alagesh, T. N. (1 November 2022). "GE15: Former Kampar MP replaces DAP's Young Syefura in Ketari state seat". New Straits Times. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
    158. Sinnappan, Low Chia Ming & Arulldas (30 October 2022). "Syerleena, Guan Eng's sister named MP candidates by Penang DAP". Malaysiakini. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
    159. 陈仪乔宣布不上阵大选,支持李健聪接手旺沙玛珠. Malaysiakini (in Chinese). 18 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
    160. 曾敏凯遭公正党除名,由新人上阵亚罗士打. Malaysiakini (in Chinese). 22 October 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
    161. Muhamamd, Anne (28 October 2022). "PKR to field 26-year-old doctor in Sungai Petani". Free Malaysia Today .
    162. "It was my decision not to contest Gopeng, says Lee Boon Chye". The Star. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
    163. 1 2 Nambiar, Predeep (29 October 2022). "PKR names 72 candidates for Parliament". Free Malaysia Today .
    164. Parzi, Nasaruddin (3 November 2022). "GE15: Sivarasa dropped due to health issues, says Anwar". New Straits Times. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
    165. "GE15: PKR drops Dr Michael Teo from candidates list". The Borneo Post. November 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
    166. Isa, Badrul Hafizan Mat (18 October 2022). "Muhammad Faiz dinamakan sebagai calon PH di Tampin" [Muhammad Faiz was named as PH's candidate in Tampin]. Utusan Malaysia (in Malay). Retrieved 22 October 2022.
    167. Ghazali, N. Faizal (25 October 2022). "Amanah pertaruh pemimpin pemuda di Temerloh, Tasek Gelugor" [Amanah to bet on young leaders in Temerloh, Tasek Gelugor]. Malaysiakini. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
    168. Mohd, Hariz (30 October 2022). "Amanah gugur Hanipa, 3 lagi penyandang PRU kali ini" [Amanah dropped Hanipa, 3 more incumbents in this PRU]. Malaysiakini. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
    169. "Tasek Gelugor MP won't contest in GE15". Free Malaysia Today. 19 June 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
    170. "6 Bersatu MPs to opt out of GE15, says report". Free Malaysia Today. 12 August 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
    171. Rahimah, Abdullah (2 November 2022). "PRU15: Dr Noor Azmi gugur calon PN, Wan Saiful sah ke Tasek Gelugor" [GE15: Dr Noor Azmi dropped PN candidate, Wan Saiful confirmed to Tasek Gelugor] (in Malay). Astro Awani . Retrieved 2 November 2022.
    172. "[UPDATED] GE15: Mustapa Mohamed says will not defend Jeli seat". The Vibes. 2 November 2022. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
    173. Chan, Julia (2 November 2022). "No comeback as Musa Aman, son's name left out of GRS-Barisan's candidate list". Malay Mail. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
    174. "GE15: Nik Abduh will not be defending Bachok seat". The Star. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
    175. "Xavier Jayakumar not contesting in GE15: source". The Vibes. 20 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
    176. "Mohamaddin Ketapi umum tidak pertahan Lahad Datu" [Mohamaddin Ketapi announced to not defend Lahad Datu]. Malaysiakini. 4 November 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
    177. 1 2 "GE15: No PBM candidates in Johor despite earlier indications to contest". The Star. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
    178. Tawie, Sulok (30 October 2022). "Abang Johari says Wan Junaidi to sit out GE15, zips lips on replacement Santubong candidate". Malay Mail. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
    179. "PRU15: Fadillah, Nanta kekal di Petra Jaya dan Kapit; Nancy tanding di Santubong – Abang Johari" [GE15: Fadillah, Nanta remain in Petra Jaya and Kapit; Nancy competes in Santubong – Abang Johari] (in Malay). Astro Awani . Retrieved 3 November 2022.
    180. "PH mendahului – Merdeka Center". Malaysiakini. 18 November 2022. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
    181. Ayamany, Keertan (16 November 2022). "YouGov poll shows Pakatan in lead to win GE15, but Muhyiddin still most popular leader". Malay Mail. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
    182. "Malaysia GE: Pollster finds PH is preferred ruling coalition, PN has most Malay support | The Straits Times". The Straits Times. 11 November 2022. Retrieved 14 November 2022.
    183. "Kajian: BN ekori rapat PH dari segi kecenderungan pengundi" [Study: BN tails growing PH from voters' preference]. Malaysiakini (in Malay). 4 November 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
    184. "[UPDATED] GE15: think-tank predicts crushing defeat for Azmin in Gombak". The Vibes. 15 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
    185. Idris, A. Azim (16 November 2022). "GE15: survey predicts hung Parliament, with likely BN-GPS-PN pact after polls". The Vibes . Retrieved 16 November 2022.
    186. "[INFOGRAFIK] Tinjauan awam menjelang PRU15: Apa yang rakyat mahu? (sehingga 10 Oktober)". Astro Awani. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
    187. Chai, James (2 November 2022). "Polarised but Hopeful: How Malaysia's Gen Zs May Vote and Why". ISEAS. 2022 (106). Retrieved 4 November 2022.
    188. 1 2 3 "Merdeka Center Pre-Election National Survey Highlights". Merdeka Center for Opinion Research. 4 November 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
    189. Haika Mat Khazi, Mohd Faizul (31 October 2022). "Kunci kemenangan sudah jelas". Sinar Harian (in Malay). Retrieved 31 October 2022.
    190. "Peninsular Malaysia GE15 Election Poll Prediction". 21 September 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
    191. "Sabah & Sarawak GE15 Election Poll Prediction". vodus.com. Archived from the original on 19 October 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
    192. "Keputusan Rasmi Terkini PRU Sarawak 2021 Pilihanraya Negeri PRN 12" [Updated official results of the 12th Sarawak state elections]. mysumber.com (in Malay). 18 December 2021. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
    193. Ahmad, Razak (20 November 2021). "INTERACTIVE: Breakdown of the Melaka election results". The Star . Retrieved 3 December 2022.
    194. @AsiaElects (18 November 2020). "Malaysia, EMIR Research poll: UMNO (Conservative): 43% (+22) PAS (Islamist): 16% (−1) BERSATU (Conservative): 8% (+2) PEJUANG (Centrist): 6% PKR (Liberal): 5% (−12) DAP (Centre-left): 4% (−15)...+/- vs 2018 election Fieldwork: 08/2020 Sample size: 2,096" (Tweet). Retrieved 31 October 2022 via Twitter.
    195. @AsiaElects (23 July 2020). "Malaysia, EMIR Research poll: 'UMNO/PAS'-Conservative/Islamist: 53% (+13) PH-Centrist: 30% (−12)..." (Tweet). Archived from the original on 24 July 2020. Retrieved 13 October 2020 via Twitter.
    196. @AsiaElects (28 December 2019). "Malaysia, EMIR Research poll: PH-Centrist: 42% (−6) MN-Conservative: 39% (−12) Independents: 17% (+16)..." (Tweet). Archived from the original on 31 December 2019. Retrieved 13 October 2020 via Twitter.
    197. "Dashboard SPR". dashboard.spr.gov.my. Election Commission of Malaysia. November 2022. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
    198. "Results Overview". The Star . 19–21 November 2022. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
    199. 1 2 "Portal Rasmi Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia (SPR)" [Official Portal of the Election Commission of Malaysia (EC)] (in Malay). Election Commission of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 9 May 2018. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
    200. Nik Nurfaqih Nik Wil (21 November 2022). "GE15: Hung Parliament and significance of anti-hopping law in Malaysia". Bernama . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    201. Nur Shazreena Ali; Marilyn Ten (20 November 2022). "Abang Johari: GPS agrees to pact with PN, BN and GRS to form next government". The Borneo Post . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    202. "Muhyiddin: I have the numbers to be PM". The Star . 20 November 2022. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
    203. "Zahid: BN never agreed to form federal govt with GPS, PN". New Straits Times . 20 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    204. Tan, Tarrence; Vethasalam, Ragananthini (20 November 2022). "GE15: Anwar claims simple majority, but mum on party Pakatan is cooperating with". The Star . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    205. Chan, Dawn; Sallehudin, Qistina (20 November 2022). "GE15: Anwar claims PH has numbers to form govt [UPDATED]". New Straits Times . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    206. Chan, Wai Kit (21 November 2022). "Anwar and Zahid among Pakatan and BN leaders at Seri Pacific Hotel in KL". Malay Mail . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    207. Palansamy, Yiswaree (21 November 2022). "Agong extends deadline for political leaders to provide numbers, PM nominees to 2 pm tomorrow". Malay Mail . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    208. "GE15: PN has submitted 'more than 112' SDs to King from MPs backing Muhyiddin for PM". New Straits Times . 21 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    209. "GE15: Ismail Sabri: BN won't support any coalition to form federal govt". New Straits Times. 22 November 2022. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
    210. Tawie, Sulok (22 November 2022). "GPS says it is up to the Agong to decide the next prime minister". Malay Mail . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    211. "Shafie: Warisan supports PH, BN to form government". The Borneo Post . 22 November 2022.
    212. "No one with simple majority, King summons Anwar and Muhyiddin". New Straits Times . 22 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    213. Tee, Kenneth (22 November 2022). "Anwar, Muhyiddin arrive in Istana Negara after both called by King to decide Malaysia's next govt". Malay Mail . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    214. "PN will not cooperate with PH to form government – Muhyiddin". Bernama. 22 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    215. "GE15: No decision yet on who will be PM, says Anwar". The Star . 22 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    216. Pei Ying, Pei Ying; Nizam, Fuad (23 November 2022). "GPS convoy leaves Istana Negara". New Straits Times . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    217. Chan, Dawn (23 November 2022). "GE15: BN asked for DPM post, sources say on BN-PN meet". New Straits Times . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    218. Basyir, Mohamed; Hakim, Luqman (24 November 2022). "GE15: Umno says no to unity government with PN". New Straits Times . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    219. Chan, Julia (24 November 2022). "Perikatan says willing to 'consider the proposal' of unity government". Malay Mail . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    220. "GRS will abide by Agong's decision on formation of unity govt". Bernama. 24 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    221. Sallehuddin, Qistina (24 November 2022). "Lim Guan Eng finally apologises to Sarawak govt and its people". New Straits Times . Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    222. "How about you proving your 115, Najib tells Muhyiddin". New Straits Times . 24 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
    223. "GRS joins, unity govt achieves two-thirds of Parliament – PM Anwar". Bernama. 25 November 2022. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
    224. Shukry, Anisah (25 November 2022). "A Rival's Misstep Helped Anwar Finally Land Malaysia's Top Job". Bloomberg News . Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
    225. Mei Mei Chu,Angie Teo (19 December 2022). "Malaysia Prime Minister Anwar wins motion of confidence in parliament". Reuters. Retrieved 4 January 2023..
    226. 1 2 3 4 5 Alena (25 November 2022). "Here Are Some Of The World Leaders & Orgs. Who Congratulated Anwar Ibrahim As 10th PM of Malaysia". World of Buzz. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    227. "India, Pakistan, Afghanistan congratulate Anwar on becoming PM". Bernama. 25 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022 via New Straits Times.
    228. Nabila, Dania (25 November 2022). "Australian PM congratulates Anwar, keen to strengthen friendship between nations". New Straits Times. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    229. 1 2 3 4 Zainal, Fatimah (26 November 2022). "Envoys keen to work with new PM". The Star. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
    230. "HRH the Crown Prince and the Prime Minister congratulates the newly appointed Prime Minister of Malaysia". Bahrain News Agency. 24 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    231. "Sheikh Hasina congratulates newly elected Malaysian PM Anwar Ibrahim". Dhaka Tribune. 25 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    232. "Prime Minister Justin Trudeau speaks with Prime Minister of Malaysia Anwar Ibrahim". Prime Minister of Canada. 13 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
    233. Jiangnan, Xian; Jun, Liang (26 November 2022). "Chinese premier sends congratulations to new Malaysian PM". People's Daily Online. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    234. "Timor Leste president visits Anwar at Seri Perdana". Bernama. 12 December 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2023 via The Vibes.
    235. Yee, Elizabeth (25 November 2022). "Foreign Leaders and Mission Congratulate Anwar". Business Today. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    236. "Modi Congratulates Anwar Ibrahim For Being Elected Malaysian PM". Outlook India. 24 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    237. "Pres. Raisi: Malaysia for Iran an Islamic, Asian priority". Islamic Republic News Agency. 26 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    238. "Congratulatory Message from Prime Minister Kishida to Prime Minister of Malaysia Anwar" (Press release). 25 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022 via Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japan.
    239. "Warm congratulations to Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim, Malaysia's 10th Prime Minister". 24 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022 via New Zealand High Commission in Kuala Lumpur Official Facebook Page.
    240. "PM Shehbaz felicitates Anwar Ibrahim on becoming Malaysia's prime minister". Samaa English TV. 25 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    241. "HH the Amir Sends Congratulations to New Malaysian Prime Minister". Qatar News Agency. 24 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    242. "Saudi leaders congratulate Anwar Ibrahim on becoming Malaysia's PM". Arab News. 25 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    243. "President Yoon sent congratulatory letter to the new Prime Minister" (Press release). 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022 via Republic of Korea Embassy in Malaysia.
    244. Mohamed, Hazari (1 December 2022). "President congratulates newly appointed Malaysian PM Anwar Ibrahim". News Radio - TNLRN. Retrieved 2 December 2022.
    245. "Sudan's President congratulates PM Anwar". Bernama. 1 December 2022. Retrieved 2 December 2022 via Astro Awani.
    246. "New Malaysia PM congratulated by MOFA". Taiwan Today. 25 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    247. Fatih Beyaz, Zafer (24 November 2022). "Turkish president congratulates new Malaysian premier". Anadolu Agency. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    248. Esmail, Esraa; AlGhoul, Rola (25 November 2022). "UAE leaders congratulate new Malaysian Prime Minister". Emirates News Agency. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    249. "MALAYSIA'S NATIONAL ELECTIONS [STATEMENT BY SECRETARY ANTONY J. BLINKEN]" (Press release). 25 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022 via United States Embassy in Malaysia.
    250. "Saudi crown prince, Arab leaders congratulate Anwar on becoming PM". The Vibes. 26 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    251. "Royal congratulatory message to Malaysia". Borneo Bulletin. 25 November 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
    252. Assegaf, Fardah; Lidya N, Desca; Ihsan, Nabil (25 November 2022). "President Jokowi congratulates Anwar on becoming Malaysia's PM". Antara. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    253. Geducos, Argyll Cyrus (25 November 2022). "Marcos congratulates new Malaysian premier Anwar". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
    254. Kamil, Asyraf (24 November 2022). "PM Lee congratulates Anwar Ibrahim on his appointment as Malaysia's 10th prime minister". TODAY . Mediacorp . Retrieved 27 November 2022.
    255. "PM Lee invites Malaysia's new leader Anwar to visit Singapore". CNA . Mediacorp. 25 November 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
    256. "Anwar thanks Thai PM for message of congratulations". The Vibes. 4 December 2022. Retrieved 4 December 2022 via Bernama.
    257. "'อนุทิน' ยินดี 'อันวาร์' นั่งนายกฯ มาเลเซีย ขอความสัมพันธ์ 2 ชาติยอดเยี่ยมยิ่งขึ้น" [Anutin congratulates Anwar as Malaysia's prime minister, wishing for better relations between the two countries]. Thai Post (in Thai). 26 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
    258. "Congratulations to newly-appointed Prime Minister of Malaysia". Vietnam News Agency. 25 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022 via Vietnam+.