2022 Malaysian general election

2022 Malaysian general election

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All 222 seats in the Dewan Rakyat [a] 112 seats needed for a majority
Registered	21,173,638 ( 41.72%)
Turnout	74.04% ( 8.28pp)
First party Second party Third party   Leader Anwar Ibrahim Muhyiddin Yassin Ahmad Zahid Hamidi [b] Party PKR BERSATU UMNO Alliance Pakatan Harapan Perikatan Nasional Barisan Nasional Leader's seat Tambun Pagoh Bagan Datuk Last election 41.29%, 100 seats [c] 24.07%, 32 seats [d] 27.79%, 58 seats [e] Seats won 82 [f] 74 30 Seat change 18 42 28 Popular vote 5,931,519 4,701,906 3,653,069 Percentage 38.00% 30.12% 23.40% Swing 3.83pp 6.28pp 5.43pp   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Leader Abang Johari Hajiji Noor Shafie Apdal Party PBB Direct Member of GRS Faction [1] Heritage Party Alliance GPS GRS Leader's seat Did not contest Did not contest Semporna Last election 3.82%, 19 seats [g] 0.71%, 2 seats [h] 2.32%, 8 seats Seats won 23 6 3 Seat change 4 4 5 Popular vote 662,551 202,376 281,732 Percentage 4.12% 1.31% 1.82% Swing 0.12pp 0.6pp 0.5pp   Seventh party Eighth party   Leader Peter Anthony Larry Sng [i] Party KDM PBM Leader's seat Did not contest Julau Last election Did not contest Did not contest Seats won 1 1 Seat change 1 1 Popular vote 52,054 16,437 Percentage 0.34% 0.11% Swing N/A N/A
Results by constituency Results by constituency with vote strength
Prime Minister before election Ismail Sabri Yaakob BN Elected Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim [2] PH

General elections were held in Malaysia on Saturday, 19 November 2022. ^{[3] [4]} The prospect of snap elections had been considered high due to the political crisis that had been ongoing since 2020; political instability caused by coalition or party switching among members of Parliament, combined with the fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic, contributed to the resignation of two prime ministers and the collapse of each of their respective coalition governments since the 2018 general elections.

The term of the 14th Parliament was due to expire on 16 July 2023, five years after its first meeting on 16 July 2018. ^[5] However, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia), Abdullah of Pahang, dissolved parliament at the request of Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob on 10 October 2022. Constitutionally, the elections were required to be held within 60 days of the dissolution, making 9 December the last possible polling day. ^[6]

Historically, general elections for all state legislative assemblies of Malaysia except Sarawak had been held concurrently as a cost-saving measure. However, the states could dissolve their own legislatures independently from Parliament, and several states (Sabah, Malacca and Johor) had held early elections due to the political instability, disrupting their usual electoral cycle. The governments of these states and Sarawak indicated that they would not be holding state elections concurrently. The governments of several other states, primarily those under a Pakatan Harapan or Perikatan Nasional government, stated that they would prefer to complete a full term. ^{[7] [8]} By 19 October, all Pakatan-led states, Penang, Selangor and Negeri Sembilan, as well as Perikatan-led states, Kedah, Kelantan and Terengganu, already confirmed not to be dissolving their state legislatures. ^{[9] [10]}

The elections were the first in which 18–20-year-olds were eligible to vote, following a constitutional amendment reducing the voting age from 21 to 18. Additionally, all voters were automatically registered, so the electorate expanded by around six million people or 31%. ^[11]

Results for 220 out of all 222 contested seats in the Dewan Rakyat were announced by the morning of 20 November 2022, although polling in the constituency of Padang Serai was postponed until 7 December due to the death of the Pakatan Harapan candidate, Karuppaiya Muthusamy, three days before the elections. ^[12] Voting in Baram was suspended on polling day due to flooding and inclement weather preventing polling workers from reaching the polling stations, and was instead completed on 21 November. ^[13]

The elections resulted in a hung parliament, the first federal election to have had such a result in the nation's history. Pakatan Harapan remained the coalition with the most seats in the Dewan Rakyat albeit with a reduced share, with its largest losses in Kedah. Perikatan Nasional swept the northwestern and east coastal states of Peninsular Malaysia in a landslide, winning every seat in the states of Perlis, Kelantan and Terengganu, and all but one in Kedah; dubbed by many people as the "Green Wave" (Malay: "Gelombang Hijau"). ^{[14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19]} The historically dominant Barisan Nasional fell to third place, having lost most of its seats to Perikatan Nasional. A number of well-known incumbent MPs also lost their seats, including former prime minister Mahathir Mohamad in Langkawi (who also lost his deposit), former Finance Minister Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah by a razor thin margin in Gua Musang (results unconfirmed due to petition ongoing) , Trade Minister and former Selangor's Menteri Besar (the state's head of government) Azmin Ali in Gombak, former Housing Minister Zuraida Kamaruddin in Ampang, former Domestic Trade Minister Saifuddin Nasution Ismail in Kulim-Bandar Baharu, as well as the children of Anwar Ibrahim and Mahathir Mohamad respectively, Nurul Izzah Anwar and Mukhriz Mahathir. Both former Ministers of Federal Territories, from BN and PH, Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor and Khalid Abdul Samad were defeated, in Putrajaya and Titiwangsa respectively. Incumbent Finance Minister and Senator Tengku Zafrul Aziz failed to win a seat in the Dewan Rakyat for Kuala Selangor by a slim majority, as well as the son-in-law of Abdullah Ahmad Badawi who is also the Health Minister Khairy Jamaluddin also failed to defeat the Pakatan Harapan candidate by a slim majority too in Sungai Buloh.

After obtaining support from Barisan Nasional, Gabungan Parti Sarawak, the Heritage Party, Malaysian United Democratic Alliance, Parti Bangsa Malaysia and independent MPs, ^[20] Pakatan Harapan chairman Anwar Ibrahim was appointed and sworn in as prime minister on 24 November 2022 by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. ^{[21] [22]} Gabungan Rakyat Sabah also expressed support for Anwar, ^[23] while Perikatan Nasional opted to become the official opposition. ^[24]

Background

Previous election

Main article: 2018 Malaysian general election

The 2018 federal election resulted in a change in government for the first time in Malaysian history since direct elections were first held in 1955. Pakatan Harapan, then a centre-left coalition between four parties, won 113 seats in the Dewan Rakyat (a two-seat majority) against the right-wing Barisan Nasional coalition, which won 79 seats. Pakatan Harapan entered government at the federal level with support from the Sabah Heritage Party. The concurrent state elections also saw Pakatan Harapan winning a majority for the first time in Johor, Malacca and Negeri Sembilan. Hung parliaments were recorded in Kedah, Perak and Sabah, but changes in party membership of the legislators after the election allowed Pakatan Harapan (or the Sabah Heritage Party in Sabah) to enter government in these states as well.

Significant events

In July 2019, the Constitution (Amendment) Act 2019, which contained provisions to lower the voting age to 18 and allow for the automatic registration of voters, was enacted by Parliament. ^[25] The Election Commission announced in June 2020 that preparations for these changes would be ready by July 2021. ^[26] The 2022 election marked the first in which the 18–20 age group is entitled to vote. ^[27]

Since losing re-election in 2018, former prime minister Najib Razak was put on trial, convicted and imprisoned in relation to the 1MDB scandal. ^[28] The scandal severely impacted UMNO in the previous election and has a continuing legacy in Malaysian politics. Trials and investigations remain ongoing. ^{[29] [30]}

The COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia emerged as a major health crisis from early 2020. It had significant impacts on Malaysia's economy and society. ^{[31] [32]}

2020–22 political crisis

Main article: 2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis

A political crisis began in Malaysia in early 2020, leading to the resignation of two prime ministers and significant shifts in parliament over the subsequent two years. ^[32] In late February 2020, a majority of the 32 members of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party withdrew from the governing Pakatan Harapan-led coalition, causing it to lose its majority in the Dewan Rakyat, and partnered with Barisan Nasional. Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad then resigned, creating a power vacuum in the executive branch. ^[33] This movement later became known as Sheraton Move. On 1 March, Muhyiddin Yassin was appointed prime minister, and a Malaysian United Indigenous Party-led minority government was formed under new coalition Perikatan Nasional, with confidence and supply from Barisan Nasional. ^[33] Political instability continued after this, exacerbated by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The crisis escalated in mid-2021, leading to Muhyiddin losing parliamentary support over the COVID-19 response and resigning. ^[32] On 20 August 2021, Ismail Sabri Yaakob was appointed prime minister as his replacement. ^[34]

This political instability led to calls for a snap general election from various lawmakers, and there was speculation that one would be held since 2020. ^{[35] [36] [37]} In June 2022, Ismail Sabri said he would not delay the dissolution of parliament, amid continued pressure from his party UMNO to hold a general election as soon as possible. He said he would consult with his allies in the Barisan Nasional alliance on the date, as well as leaders of his party UMNO. ^[37] Ismail Sabri announced the dissolution on 10 October 2022. ^[6]

Electoral system

Further information: Elections in Malaysia

Elections in Malaysia are conducted at the federal and state levels. Federal elections elect members of the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of Parliament, while state elections in each of the 13 states elect members of their respective state legislative assembly. As Malaysia follows the Westminster system of government, the head of government (Prime Minister at the federal level and the Chief Ministers, the so-called Menteri Besar, at the state level) is the person who commands the confidence of the majority of members in the respective legislature – this is normally the leader of the party or coalition with the majority of seats in the legislature.

The Dewan Rakyat consists of 222 members, known as Members of Parliament (MPs), that are elected for five-year terms. Each MP is elected from a single-member constituency using the first-past-the-post voting system. If one party obtains a majority of seats, then that party is entitled to form the government, with its leader becoming the prime minister. In the event of a hung parliament, where no single party obtains the majority of seats, the government may still form through a coalition or a confidence and supply agreement with other parties. In practice, coalitions and alliances in Malaysia generally persist between elections, and member parties do not normally contest for the same seats.

In July 2019, the Constitution (Amendment) Act 2019 was enacted that provided for the voting age to be lowered to 18 and for automatic registration of voters. ^[25] Previously, the voting age was 21 ^{[38] [39]} although the age of majority in the country was 18. ^[40] Automatic voter registration and the lowered voting age simultaneously came into effect in early 2022, with this election being the first federal election with the expanded electoral franchise. ^[26] Malaysia does not currently practice compulsory voting. The Election Commission is under the jurisdiction of the Prime Minister's Department.

In late 2022, several news outlets and publishing companies began launching apps and websites to announce the upcoming GE15 results and news. ^[41]

Timeline

Dissolution of parliament

The 14th Parliament of Malaysia was dissolved on 10 October 2022, during a special televised address by Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob, following an audience with the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Abdullah, a day prior, whereby he provided consent for the dissolution. The election had to be held within 60 days or by 9 December. ^[42]

The Constitution of Malaysia requires that a general election be held in the fifth calendar year after the first sitting unless it is dissolved earlier by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong following a motion of no confidence, loss of supply or a request by the prime minister.

Dissolution of state legislatures

While any state may dissolve its legislature independently of Parliament, most of them had historically dissolve at around the same time as Parliament such that federal and state elections are held simultaneously. In accordance with Malaysian law, Parliament as well as the legislative assemblies of each state would automatically expire on the fifth anniversary of the first sitting of a term, unless dissolved prior to that date by the relevant heads of state on the advice of their respective heads of government. Elections must be held within sixty days of expiry or dissolution.

Dates of the legislature of each state would expire and their actual dissolution dates
Legislature (and term number)	Term began	Refs	Term ends (on or before)	Latest possible election date	Actual dissolution date	Refs
Perlis (14th)	20 July 2018	[43]	20 July 2023	18 September 2023	14 October 2022	[44]
Pahang (14th)	2 July 2018	[45]	2 July 2023	31 August 2023	14 October 2022	[46]
Perak (14th)	3 July 2018	[47]	3 July 2023	1 September 2023	17 October 2022	[48]
Selangor (14th)	26 June 2018	[49]	26 June 2023	25 August 2023	Not dissolving [j]	[9]
Kelantan (14th)	28 June 2018	[51]	28 June 2023	27 August 2023		[10]
Terengganu (14th)	1 July 2018	[52]	1 July 2023	30 August 2023
Negeri Sembilan (14th)	2 July 2018	[53]	2 July 2023	31 August 2023		[9]
Kedah (14th)	4 July 2018	[54]	4 July 2023	2 September 2023		[10]
Penang (14th)	2 August 2018	[55]	2 August 2023	1 October 2023		[9]
Sabah (16th)	9 October 2020	[56]	9 October 2025	8 December 2025		[57]
Malacca (15th)	27 December 2021	[58]	27 December 2026	25 February 2027
Sarawak (19th)	14 February 2022	[59]	14 February 2027	15 April 2027
Johor (15th)	21 April 2022	[60]	21 April 2027	20 June 2027

Pre-nomination events

On 17 October 2022, the Election Commission of Malaysia (SPR) updated the roster of 63 parties and coalitions eligible to contest in its own right. Independents are allowed to contest using symbols predefined by the SPR. ^[61]

Timetable

The key dates are listed below

Dates	Events
10 October	Dissolution of parliament
20 October	Election Commission announcement of Election Day and its timeline
20 October	Issue of the Writ of Election
5 November	Nomination day
5–18 November	Campaigning period
15–18 November	Early polling day for postal and advance voters
19 November	Polling day (except P017 Padang Serai)
24 November	Inauguration of the new prime minister Anwar Ibrahim at Istana Negara [22]
P017 Padang Serai [62]
18 November	Issue of the Writ of Election for P017 Padang Serai
24 November	Nomination day
24 November – 6 December	Campaigning period
3 – 6 December	Early polling day for postal, overseas and advance voters
7 December	Polling day
P220 Baram
21 November	Polling day for remaining 11 polling stations

Last election pendulum

(Results and status at 9 May 2018) The 14th general election witnessed 124 governmental seats and 98 non-governmental seats filled the Dewan Rakyat. The government side has 49 safe seats and 11 fairly safe seats, while the other side has 21 safe seats and 4 fairly safe seats.

GOVERNMENT SEATS Marginal Parit Buntar Dr. Mujahid Yusof Rawa AMANAH 39.22 Temerloh Anuar Mohd. Tahir AMANAH 39.31 Lubok Antu Jugah Muyang @ Tambat IND 40.09 Lumut Dr. Mohd. Hatta Md. Ramli AMANAH 40.93 Pokok Sena Mahfuz Omar AMANAH 40.93 Sungai Besar Muslimin Yahya BERSATU 42.11 Jerlun Dr. Mukhriz Mahathir BERSATU 42.55 Kulim-Bandar Baharu Saifuddin Nasution Ismail PKR 42.62 Merbok Nurin Aina Abdullah PKR 43.31 Tambun Ahmad Faizal Azumu BERSATU 44.46 Kuantan Fuziah Salleh PKR 44.57 Kuala Pilah Eddin Syazlee Shith BERSATU 44.85 Indera Mahkota Saifuddin Abdullah PKR 44.85 Raub Tengku Zulpuri Shah Raja Puji DAP 44.89 Kapar Abdullah Sani Abdul Hamid PKR 44.99 Ranau Jonathan Yasin PKR 45.17 Padang Serai Karuppaiya Muthusamy PKR 45.27 Tanjong Malim Chang Lih Kang PKR 45.44 Putatan Awang Husaini Sahari PKR 45.81 Kuala Kedah Dr. Azman Ismail PKR 46.26 Tampin Hasan Bahrom AMANAH 46.29 Bentong Wong Tack DAP 46.67 Kangar Noor Amin Ahmad PKR 46.80 Tangga Batu Dr. Rusnah Aluai PKR 46.89 Tanjung Piai Dr. Md. Farid Md. Rafik BERSATU 47.29 Titiwangsa Rina Mohd. Harun BERSATU 47.31 Hulu Selangor June Leow Hsiad Hui PKR 47.86 Papar Ahmad Hassan WARISAN 48.54 Sri Gading Dr. Shahruddin Mohd. Salleh BERSATU 48.58 Sungai Siput Kesavan Subramaniam PKR 48.72 Kuala Langat Xavier Jayakumar Arulanandam PKR 49.08 Sungai Petani Johari Abdul PKR 49.21 Kubang Pasu Ir. Amiruddin Hamzah BERSATU 49.70 Kuala Selangor Dr. Dzulkefly Ahmad AMANAH 49.98 Tawau Christina Liew Chin Jin PKR 50.05 Kalabakan Ma'mun Sulaiman WARISAN 50.09 Lembah Pantai Ahmad Fahmi Mohamed Fadzil PKR 50.24 Simpang Renggam Dr. Maszlee Malik BERSATU 50.69 Alor Gajah Mohd. Redzuan Md. Yusof BERSATU 50.73 Alor Setar Chan Ming Kai PKR 50.80 Kota Belud Isnaraissah Munirah Majilis @ Fakharuddy WARISAN 50.82 Permatang Pauh Nurul Izzah Anwar PKR 50.89 Hang Tuah Jaya Shamsul Iskandar @ Yusre Mohd. Akin PKR 51.01 Tenom Noorita Sual DAP 51.10 Selangau Baru Bian PKR 51.11 Balik Pulau Muhammad Bakthiar Wan Chik PKR 51.17 Sepang Mohamed Hanipa Maidin AMANAH 51.56 Sekijang Natrah Ismail PKR 51.69 Labis Pang Hok Liong DAP 52.17 Saratok Ali Biju PKR 52.18 Ledang Syed Ibrahim Syed Noh PKR 53.06 Segamat Edmund Santhara Kumar Ramanaidu PKR 53.09 Muar Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman BERSATU 53.09 Sarikei Wong Ling Biu DAP 53.57 Silam Mohamaddin Ketapi WARISAN 54.26 Teluk Intan David Nga Kor Ming DAP 54.37 Puncak Borneo Willie Mongin PKR 54.65 Langkawi Dr. Mahathir Mohamad BERSATU 54.90 Pagoh Muhyiddin Mohd. Yassin BERSATU 55.21 Julau Larry Soon @ Larry S'ng Wei Shien IND 55.28 Hulu Langat Hasanuddin Mohd. Yunus AMANAH 55.53 Batu Sapi Liew Vui Keong WARISAN 55.78 Batu Pahat Mohd. Rashid Hasnon PKR 55.92 Sungai Buloh Sivarasa K. Rasiah PKR 55.97 Fairly safe Setiawangsa Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad PKR 56.65 Mas Gading Mordi Bimol DAP 56.71 Nibong Tebal Mansor Othman PKR 56.92 Wangsa Maju Dr. Tan Yee Kew PKR 57.30 Kampar Thomas Su Keong Siong DAP 57.56 Bandar Tun Razak Kamarudin Jaffar PKR 58.58 Pasir Gudang Hassan Abdul Karim PKR 58.68 Port Dickson Danyal Balagopal Abdullah PKR 59.06 Kluang Wong Shu Qi DAP 59.20 Sepanggar Mohd. Azis Jamman WARISAN 59.47 Sibu Oscar Ling Chai Yew DAP 59.58 Safe Shah Alam Khalid Abdul Samad AMANAH 60.00 Seremban Anthony Loke Siew Fook DAP 60.45 Batu Prabakaran M. Parameswaran PKR 60.70 Selayang William Leong Jee Keen PKR 61.38 Taiping Teh Kok Lim DAP 61.65 Gopeng Dr. Lee Boon Chye PKR 61.75 Miri Dr. Michael Teo Yu Keng PKR 61.82 Tebrau Choong Shiau Yoon PKR 62.09 Johor Bahru Akmal Nasrullah Mohd. Nasir PKR 62.31 Bakri Yeo Bee Yin DAP 62.65 Gombak Mohamed Azmin Ali PKR 63.10 Stampin Chong Chieng Jen DAP 63.70 Pulai Salahuddin Ayub AMANAH 63.81 Lanang Alice Lau Yiong Kieng DAP 65.16 Kulai Teo Nie Ching DAP 65.42 Bangi Dr. Ong Kian Ming DAP 65.60 Sandakan Stephen Wong Tien Fatt DAP 67.97 Beruas James Ngeh Koo Ham DAP 68.41 Petaling Jaya Maria Chin Abdullah PKR 68.52 Bayan Baru Sim Tze Tzin PKR 68.88 Iskandar Puteri Lim Kit Siang DAP 69.24 Kota Raja Mohamad Sabu AMANAH 70.79 Ampang Zuraida Kamaruddin PKR 70.94 Puchong Gobind Singh Deo DAP 72.39 Rasah Cha Kee Chin DAP 72.45 Kota Melaka Khoo Poay Tiong DAP 72.68 Kota Kinabalu Chan Foong Hin DAP 74.76 Penampang Ignatius Dorell @ Darell Leiking WARISAN 75.32 Pandan Dr. Wan Azizah Wan Ismail PKR 75.47 Klang Charles Anthony R. Santiago DAP 77.34 Batu Kawan Kasthuriraani P. Patto DAP 78.02 Bandar Kuching Dr. Kelvin Yii Lee Wuen DAP 79.43 Jelutong Sanisvara Nethaji Rayer Rajaji DAP 79.63 Semporna Mohd. Shafie Apdal WARISAN 80.20 Ipoh Timor Wong Kah Woh DAP 80.46 Segambut Hannah Yeoh Tseow Suan DAP 82.07 Subang Wong Chen PKR 83.08 Bukit Bendera Wong Hon Wai DAP 83.83 Batu Gajah Sivakumar M. Varatharaju Naidu DAP 84.17 Ipoh Barat Kulasegaran V. Murugeson DAP 84.90 Bukit Bintang Fong Kui Lun DAP 84.94 Bukit Mertajam Steven Sim Chee Keong DAP 85.40 Bagan Lim Guan Eng DAP 85.96 Bukit Gelugor Ramkarpal Singh DAP 86.68 Tanjong Chow Kon Yeow DAP 87.25 Damansara Tony Pua Kiam Wee DAP 89.00 Cheras Tan Kok Wai DAP 89.00 Seputeh Teresa Kok Suh Sim DAP 89.97 Kepong Lim Lip Eng DAP 92.04 NON-GOVERNMENT SEATS Marginal Keningau Dr. Jeffrey Gapari @ Geoffrey Kitingan STAR 33.09 Jerai Sabri Azit PAS 33.94 Tasek Gelugor Shabudin Yahaya UMNO 35.73 Bagan Serai Dr. Noor Azmi Ghazali UMNO 36.44 Kota Marudu Dr. Maximus Johnity Ongkili PBS 38.44 Sabak Bernam Mohamad Fasiah Mohd. Fakeh UMNO 38.57 Bukit Gantang Syed Abu Hussin Hafiz Syed Abdul Fasal UMNO 39.48 Kuala Kangsar Mastura Mohd. Yazid UMNO 40.26 Padang Besar Zahidi Zainul Abidin UMNO 41.18 Padang Rengas Mohamed Nazri Abdul Aziz UMNO 41.50 Beaufort Azizah Mohd. Dun UMNO 41.72 Arau Dr. Shahidan Kassim UMNO 41.79 Padang Terap Mahdzir Khalid UMNO 42.09 Kota Bharu Takiyuddin Hassan PAS 42.24 Cameron Highlands Sivarajjh Chandran MIC 42.30 Baling Abdul Azeez Abdul Rahim UMNO 42.60 Pendang Awang Hashim PAS 42.69 Kepala Batas Reezal Merican Naina Merican UMNO 42.94 Jasin Ahmad Hamzah UMNO 43.00 Paya Besar Mohd. Shahar Abdullah UMNO 43.16 Tanjong Karang Noh Omar UMNO 43.45 Bera Ismail Sabri Yaakob UMNO 43.89 Ayer Hitam Dr. Ir. Wee Ka Siong MCA 43.98 Kemaman Che Alias Hamid PAS 44.06 Tapah Saravanan Murugan MIC 44.47 Jerantut Ahmad Nazlan Idris UMNO 45.06 Larut Hamzah Zainudin UMNO 45.90 Pasir Salak Tajuddin Abd Rahman UMNO 46.04 Pontian Ahmad Maslan UMNO 46.21 Jempol Mohd. Salim Shariff UMNO 46.83 Kuala Krau Dr. Ismail Mohamed Said UMNO 47.14 Machang Ahmad Jazlan Yaakub UMNO 47.39 Pasir Puteh Dr. Nik Muhammad Zawawi Salleh PAS 47.41 Labuan Rozman Isli UMNO 47.59 Kimanis Anifah Aman UMNO 47.71 Sik Ahmad Tarmizi Sulaiman PAS 47.91 Ketereh Annuar Musa UMNO 47.95 Pensiangan Arthur Joseph Kurup PBRS 48.35 Besut Idris Jusoh UMNO 48.40 Parit Mohd. Nizar Zakaria UMNO 48.41 Tanah Merah Ikmal Hisham Abdul Aziz UMNO 48.44 Gerik Hasbullah Osman UMNO 48.49 Sipitang Yamani Hafez Musa UMNO 48.60 Gua Musang Tengku Razaleigh Tengku Mohd. Hamzah UMNO 48.64 Setiu Shaharizukirnain Abd. Kadir PAS 48.65 Rembau Khairy Jamaluddin Abu Bakar UMNO 48.87 Jelebu Jalaluddin Alias UMNO 48.93 Bachok Nik Mohamed Abduh Nik Abdul Aziz PAS 48.93 Maran Dr. Ismail Abdul Muttalib UMNO 49.09 Parit Sulong Dr. Noraini Ahmad UMNO 49.19 Libaran Zakaria Mohd. Edris @ Tubau UMNO 49.25 Putrajaya Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor UMNO 49.47 Hulu Terengganu Rosol Wahid UMNO 49.60 Kuala Terengganu Ahmad Amzad Mohamed @ Hashim PAS 49.65 Lipis Abdul Rahman Mohamad UMNO 49.82 Kudat Abd Rahim Bakri UMNO 49.90 Rantau Panjang Siti Zailah Mohd. Yusoff PAS 50.82 Bagan Datuk Dr. Ahmad Zahid Hamidi UMNO 51.37 Tuaran Wilfred Madius Tangau UPKO 51.54 Pasir Mas Ahmad Fadhli Shaari PAS 52.44 Kuala Krai Ab. Latiff Ab. Rahman PAS 52.56 Kuala Nerus Dr. Mohd. Khairuddin Aman Razali PAS 52.66 Mersing Dr. Abd. Latiff Ahmad UMNO 53.00 Rompin Hasan Arifin UMNO 53.54 Lenggong Dr. Shamsul Anuar Nasarah UMNO 53.97 Masjid Tanah Mas Ermieyati Samsudin UMNO 54.10 Dungun Wan Hassan Mohd. Ramli PAS 54.17 Tumpat Che Abdullah Mat Nawi PAS 54.33 Tenggara Dr. Adham Baba UMNO 54.39 Baram Anyi Ngau PDP 54.45 Sibuti Lukanisman Awang Sauni PBB 54.60 Pengkalan Chepa Ahmad Marzuk Shaary PAS 54.88 Jeli Mustapa Mohamed UMNO 55.89 Fairly safe Kubang Kerian Tuan Ibrahim Tuan Man PAS 56.16 Bintulu Tiong King Sing PDP 57.05 Sembrong Hishammuddin Hussein UMNO 59.24 Marang Abd Hadi Awang PAS 59.27 Safe Betong Robert Lawson Chuat Vincent Entering PBB 60.41 Sri Aman Masir Kujat PSB 61.48 Pekan Mohd. Najib Abdul Razak UMNO 62.19 Beluran Dr. Ronald Kiandee UMNO 62.84 Serian Richard Riot Jaem SUPP 63.99 Kanowit Aaron Ago Dagang PRS 64.58 Petra Jaya Fadillah Yusof PBB 65.91 Mukah Hanifah Hajar Taib PBB 66.90 Kinabatangan Bung Moktar Radin UMNO 67.22 Pengerang Azalina Othman Said UMNO 67.71 Hulu Rajang Wilson Ugak Kumbong PRS 68.20 Kota Tinggi Halimah Mohamed Sadique UMNO 69.14 Kota Samarahan Rubiah Wang PBB 69.90 Lawas Henry Sum Agong PBB 70.44 Batang Lupar Rohani Abdul Karim PBB 70.49 Limbang Hasbi Habibollah PBB 72.07 Kapit Alexander Nanta Linggi PBB 78.91 Santubong Dr. Wan Junaidi Tuanku Jaafar PBB 79.28 Tanjong Manis Yusuf Abd. Wahab PBB 80.69 Batang Sadong Nancy Shukri PBB 83.25 Igan Ahmad Johnie Zawawi PBB 83.76

Political parties and candidates

Main article: List of candidates in the 2022 Malaysian general election

The election saw numerous changes in seats from all political sides, with candidates either announced to be departing from their original constituencies to contest in another constituency, or several high-profile members of parliament being dropped from selection. Those who were dropped or not selected however went on to contest as independent candidates or in opposing parties to defend their seats or seek re-election, resulting in their memberships dropped.

UMNO deputy president Mohamad Hasan announced his intention to contest the Rembau seat, replacing incumbent Khairy Jamaluddin, who was expected to be fielded in an opposition-majority seat, ^[63] which eventually turned out to be Sungai Buloh, one of the seats that has been a PKR stronghold. ^[64] In addition, several high-profile incumbent UMNO MPs, including Shahidan Kassim, Annuar Musa and Tajuddin Abdul Rahman, were dropped from contesting following rumors after they were believed to be supporting Ismail Sabri instead of Zahid Hamidi. ^{[65] [66]} Among those dropped, Zahidi Zainul Abidin, the incumbent Padang Besar MP, contested as an independent while Shahidan contested to defend his Arau seat under the Perikatan banner, resulting in both their and several others' memberships dropped. ^[67] In a similar move, incumbent PAS Tumpat MP Che Abdullah Mat Nawi contested to defend his seat under the BN ticket after he was dropped from the candidates' list, resulting in him expelled from PAS. ^[68]

A few of the more notable changes in PKR were Anwar's decision to contest in the Tambun parliamentary seat, ^[69] with Wan Azizah Wan Ismail contesting the Bandar Tun Razak seat, as part of PKR's plan to field high-ranking members in seats previously held by defected party members. ^[70] One of the most anticipated seats, Gombak, saw Selangor's Menteri Besar Amirudin Shari nominated as PH candidate to face incumbent Azmin Ali, ^[71] who was one of the key ringleaders of the ongoing political crisis. ^[72] PKR also announced several other high-profile direct candidates to contest under the PH banner. ^[73] Former Batu MP Tian Chua, who was not selected to contest in favor of incumbent Prabakaran Parameswaran, sought to seek re-election by contesting as an independent candidate for his seat, leading to his expulsion from the party. ^[74]

Meanwhile, DAP had dropped two of its incumbent MPs, Charles Santiago and Wong Tack from their respective parliamentary seats, ^[75] in place of younger candidates, ^{[76] [77]} leading both to question the party's reasoning behind their droppings, ^[78] with Wong later announcing his intention to defend his seat as an independent candidate, ^[79] thus also resulting in his expulsion from the party. ^[80]

On 16 November, Padang Serai's incumbent MP Karupaiya Mutusami died three days before the election. ^[81] This marked the third time in Malaysian election history that a nominated candidate died in between nomination and polling dates. ^[82] The Election Commission announced that polling for Padang Serai would take place on 7 December following a meeting on Friday (18 November), ^[83] a day before the elections, ^[84] after polling for the constituency was postponed. ^[85] Subsequently, PN candidate for the Tioman state seat in Pahang, Yunus Ramli died hours before polling was due to begin on 19 November. ^[86] The election for the state seat was also postponed to the same date with Padang Serai. ^[87]

Parties represented in current legislatures

The election would be the first time Pakatan Harapan, Gabungan Parti Sarawak, Gabungan Rakyat Sabah and Perikatan Nasional use their own respective logos.

DAP announced their intention to use the PH logo for West Malaysia seats on 14 November 2021, ^[88] while they would continue to use their own logo in Sarawak as they did in the previous election and also in the recent state election. ^{[89] [90]} However, DAP stated that they would be joining other PH parties in using the PH logo in Sabah, in contrast to using their own logo in the previous election, the 2019 Sandakan by-election and using then-ally Warisan's logo in the 2020 Sabah state election. ^[91] In September 2022, Pakatan formally decided to consider applications by MUDA and the Socialist Party of Malaysia (PSM) to contest under its name. ^[92] Pakatan chairman Anwar Ibrahim later stated that the coalition would form an electoral pact with the two parties, citing that the application process would need to go through the Registrar of Societies. ^[93] However, on 30 October, PSM announced that they ended their pact with PH, after they were denied being allocated seats for the election, in particular Sungai Siput where chairman Michael Jeyakumar Devaraj served two terms but was similarly allocated to PKR in 2018. ^[94] Therefore, PSM decided to contest alone on 2 November 2022

PN component parties in Pahang (Bersatu, PAS, Gerakan) decided to contest on all parliamentary and state assembly seats there on 28 November 2021. ^[95] The Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), despite being in the PN coalition, announced that they would be contesting using their own logo in Kelantan, Terengganu and Kedah along with other PN candidates in these three predominant Malay/Muslim states. ^[96] The move was met with objection from GERAKAN, as their policy was to not contest under other party's logo. ^[97] Some of PN component parties are also part of Gabungan Rakyat Sabah, who intended to use GRS logo in Sabah. ^[98] Parti Kesejahteraan Demokratik Masyarakat (KDM), a GRS-friendly party initiated by former Warisan Party members, sought to contest at least three seats in Sabah independently. ^[99]

In August 2022, Pejuang formed a Malay/Muslim-based coalition called as Gerakan Tanah Air (GTA) with 4 other parties (Berjasa, Putra, Gagasan Bangsa and IMAN) and planned to contest 120 parliamentary seats. ^[100] Mahathir, who initially hesitated to contest until he changed his mind to defend his Langkawi seat, announced that GTA would be contesting under the Pejuang logo, while GTA contestants in Kelantan contested using the logo of Parti Bumiputera Perkasa Malaysia (PUTRA), as the coalition's registration was still pending. ^[101]

Barisan Nasional contested all parliamentary seats outside Sarawak, ^[102] while respecting Sabah state liaison office's intention to cooperate with Gabungan Rakyat Sabah. ^{[103] [104]} On 11 December 2021, PBRS announced that they would contest 3 seats in Sabah under Barisan Nasional. ^[105] In April 2022, UMNO's Supreme Council proposed that Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob be its Prime Ministerial candidate for GE15. ^[106] Zahid Hamidi, chairman of Barisan Nasional, has officially considered to accept Makkal Sakti's request to contest the election under Barisan Nasional logo on 19 September 2021. ^[107] The offer was extended to other Friends of BN parties by June 2022. ^[108] Gabungan Parti Sarawak, whose component parties were part of BN in 2018 election, formulated its election program and competed independently. GPS postponed any coalition and government formation talks until after election and claimed to maintain the status quo of seat allocation. ^[109]

In this election, the Heritage Party (WARISAN), previously an ally of Pakatan Harapan in the 2018 general election, for the first time contested outside Sabah. As part of the move, it intended on 24 January 2021 to contest all parliamentary and assembly seats in Penang and considered to run in other states. ^[110]

Extra-parliamentary parties

On 15 December 2021, a group of independent activists calling themselves Gerak Independent announced their intention to run in the election in no more than 10 seats. ^[111] Parti Bumi Kenyalang (PBK) initially intended to contest all 31 parliamentary seats in Sarawak on 26 January 2022, claiming that it already made ties with unspecified Sabah based party and still opened possibility of cooperating with other Sarawak-only parties. ^[112] By June 2022 PBK made negotiations with Sarawakian local opposition parties such as PSB, Aspirasi, PBDS (Baru) and SEDAR to avoid clashes in the election without formally forming a coalition. ^[113] The negotiation produced a cooperation pact between PSB, PBK and PBDS, with PBK contesting mostly under PSB's logo. ^{[114] [115]} In June 2022 SEDAR announced their intention to contest in Malay/Muslim (and Melanau)-majority of Sarawak seats. ^[116]

Parti Rakyat Malaysia announced their intention to contest parliamentary seats in Penang respectively on 15 October 2022. ^[117] PRM later stated that it would contest 28 parliament and 1 state seats nationally, in cooperation with GERAK 98 NGO. ^{[118] [119]}

Parti Cinta Sabah, Penang Front Party and Sarawak People's Aspiration Party initially declared to their intention to participate but ended up not fielding any candidates. ^{[120] [121] [122]}

Nominated candidates

The election saw a record 945 candidates contesting in all 222 parliamentary seats nationwide, among them a record 108 independent candidates. ^[123]

State No. Constituency Number of voters Incumbent Member of Parliament Incumbent Coalition (Party) Political coalitions and respective candidates and parties Barisan Nasional Pakatan Harapan + MUDA Perikatan Nasional Gabungan Parti Sarawak Gabungan Rakyat Sabah Gerakan Tanah Air (informal coalition) Other parties/Independents Candidate Name Party Candidate Name Party Candidate Name Party Candidate Name Party Candidate Name Party Candidate Name Party Candidate Name Party Candidate Name Party Candidate Name Party Candidate Name Party Perlis P001 Padang Besar 60,192 Zahidi Zainul Abidin BN (UMNO) Zahida Zarik Khan UMNO Mohamad Saad @ Yahaya AMANAH Rushdan Rusmi PAS Ko Chu Liang WARISAN Zahidi Zainul Abidin IND P002 Kangar 74,859 Noor Amin Ahmad PH (PKR) Fathul Bari Mat Jahya UMNO Noor Amin Ahmad PKR Zakri Hassan BERSATU Nur Sulaiman Zolkapli PEJUANG Rohimi Shapiee WARISAN P003 Arau 60,876 Shahidan Kassim BN (UMNO) Rozabil Abd Rahman UMNO Fathin Amelina Fazlie PKR Shahidan Kassim PAS Kedah P004 Langkawi 66,777 Mahathir Mohamad GTA (PEJUANG) Armishah Siraj UMNO Zabidi Yahya AMANAH Mohd Suhaimi Abdullah BERSATU Mahathir Mohamad PEJUANG Abd Kadir Sainuddin IND P005 Jerlun 67,601 Mukhriz Mahathir GTA (PEJUANG) Othman Aziz UMNO Mohamed Fadzil Mohd Ali PKR Abdul Ghani Ahmad PAS Mukhriz Mahathir PEJUANG P006 Kubang Pasu 108,217 Amiruddin Hamzah GTA (PEJUANG) Hasmuni Hassan UMNO Mohd Aizuddin Ariffin PKR Ku Abdul Rahman Ku Ismail BERSATU Amiruddin Hamzah PEJUANG P007 Padang Terap 59,806 Mahdzir Khalid BN (UMNO) Mahdzir Khalid UMNO Muaz Abdullah AMANAH Nurul Amin Hamid PAS Razali Lebai Salleh PEJUANG P008 Pokok Sena 114,838 Mahfuz Omar PH (AMANAH) Noran Zamini Jamaluddin UMNO Mahfuz Omar AMANAH Ahmad Saad @ Yahaya PAS Noraini Md Salleh WARISAN P009 Alor Setar 105,994 Chan Ming Kai PH (PKR) Tan Chee Hiong MCA Simon Ooi Tze Min PKR Afnan Hamimi Taib Azamudden PAS Mohamad Nuhairi Rahmat PEJUANG Fadzli Hanafi WARISAN Nordin Yunus IND Sofan Feroza Md Yusup IND P010 Kuala Kedah 132,500 Azman Ismail PH (PKR) Mashitah Ibrahim UMNO Azman Ismail PKR Ahmad Fakhruddin Fakhrurazi PAS Ulya Aqamah Husamudin PEJUANG Syed Araniri Syed Ahmad WARISAN P011 Pendang 94,547 Awang Hashim PN (PAS) Suraya Yaacob UMNO Zulkifly Mohamad PKR Awang Hashim PAS Abdul Rashid Yob GB P012 Jerai 105,001 Sabri Azit PN (PAS) Jamil Khir Baharom UMNO Zulhazmi Shariff DAP Sabri Azit PAS Mohd Nizam Mahshar GB P013 Sik 63,126 Ahmad Tarmizi Sulaiman PN (PAS) Maizatul Akmam Othman @ Ibrahim UMNO Latifah Mohammad Yatim AMANAH Ahmad Tarmizi Sulaiman PAS P014 Merbok 132,444 Nor Azrina Surip PH (PKR) Shaiful Hazizy Zainol Abidin UMNO Nor Azrina Surip PKR Mohd Nazri Abu Hassan BERSATU Mohamed Mohsin Abdul Razak IMAN Khairul Anuar Ahmad WARISAN P015 Sungai Petani 168,847 Johari Abdul PH (PKR) Shahanim Mohamad Yusoff UMNO Mohammed Taufiq Johari PKR Robert Ling Kui Ee BERSATU Marzuki Yahya PEJUANG Tan Joon Long @ Tan Chow Kang PRM P016 Baling 132,099 Abdul Azeez Abdul Rahim BN (UMNO) Abdul Azeez Abdul Rahim UMNO Johari Abdullah AMANAH Hassan Saad PAS Bashir Abdul Rahman PUTRA P017 [124] Padang Serai 133,867 Karupaiya Mutusami (died) PH (PKR) Sivarraajh Chandran MIC Mohamad Sofee Razak PKR Azman Nasrudin BERSATU Hamzah Abdul Rahman PUTRA Mohd Bakri Hashim WARISAN Sreanandha Rao IND P018 Kulim-Bandar Baharu 90,141 Saifuddin Nasution Ismail PH (PKR) Muhar Hussain UMNO Saifuddin Nasution Ismail PKR Roslan Hashim BERSATU Mohamad Yusrizal Yusoff GB Kelantan P019 Tumpat 149,371 Che Abdullah Mat Nawi PN (PAS) Che Abdullah Mat Nawi BN Wan Ahmad Johari Wan Omar AMANAH Mumtaz Md. Nawi PAS Che Mohamad Aswari Che Ali PUTRA Khairul Azuan Kamarrudin WARISAN P020 Pengkalan Chepa 106,982 Ahmad Marzuk Shaary PN (PAS) Mohd Hafiezulniezam Mohd Hasdin UMNO Nik Faizah Nik Othman AMANAH Ahmad Marzuk Shaary PAS Wan Ahmad Nasri Wan Ismail PEJUANG Mohamad Redzuan Razali IND P021 Kota Bharu 115,450 Takiyuddin Hassan PN (PAS) Rosmadi Ismail UMNO Hafidzah Mustakim AMANAH Takiyuddin Hassan PAS Che Musa Che Omar PUTRA Andy Tan @ Awang PRM Izat Bukhary IND P022 Pasir Mas 94,544 Ahmad Fadhli Shaari PN (PAS) Abdul Ghani Harun UMNO Husam Musa PKR Ahmad Fadhli Shaari PAS Nasrul Ali Hassan Abdul Latif PUTRA P023 Rantau Panjang 93,248 Siti Zailah Mohd Yusoff PN (PAS) Zulkarnain Yusoff UMNO Wan Shah Jihan Wan Din AMANAH Siti Zailah Mohd Yusoff PAS Ibrahim Ali PUTRA Mohd Zain Ismail PRM P024 Kubang Kerian 113,640 Tuan Ibrahim Tuan Man PN (PAS) Nurul Amal Mohd Fauzi UMNO Wan Ahmad Kamil Wan Abdullah AMANAH Tuan Ibrahim Tuan Man PAS Mohamad Rizal Razali PEJUANG P025 Bachok 123,183 Nik Mohamed Abduh Nik Abdul Aziz PN (PAS) Mohd Zain Yasim UMNO Nur Azmiza Mamat PKR Mohd Syahir Che Sulaiman PAS Kamarul Azam Abdel Osman PUTRA Mohd Zulkifli Zakaria IND P026 Ketereh 85,281 Annuar Musa BN (UMNO) Marzuani Ardila Ariffin UMNO Rahimi L Muhamud PKR Khlir Mohd Nor BERSATU Hanif Ibrahim PUTRA P027 Tanah Merah 98,782 Ikmal Hisham Abdul Aziz PN (BERSATU) Bakri @ Mohd Bakri Mustapha UMNO Mohamad Supardi Md Noor PKR Ikmal Hisham Abdul Aziz BERSATU Mohd Nasir Abdullah PUTRA Nik Sapeia Nik Yusoff IND P028 Pasir Puteh 113,070 Nik Muhammad Zawawi Salleh PN (PAS) Zawawi Othman UMNO Muhammad Husin AMANAH Nik Muhammad Zawawi Salleh PAS Wan Marzudi Wan Umar PEJUANG P029 Machang 88,825 Ahmad Jazlan Yaakub BN (UMNO) Ahmad Jazlan Yaakub UMNO Rosli Allani Abdul Kadir PKR Wan Ahmad Fayhsal Wan Ahmad Kamal BERSATU Mohammad Seman PUTRA P030 Jeli 59,798 Mustapa Mohamed PN (BERSATU) Norwahida Patuan UMNO Md Radzi Wahab AMANAH Zahari Kechik BERSATU Mohammad Daud PUTRA P031 Kuala Krai 92,335 Ab Latiff Ab Rahman PN (PAS) Mohamed Zulkepli Omar UMNO Mohd Hisyamuddin Ghazali AMANAH Abdul Latiff Abdul Rahman PAS Norashikin Che Umar PEJUANG P032 Gua Musang 70,254 Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah BN (UMNO) Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah UMNO Asharun Uji PKR Mohd Azizi Abu Naim BERSATU Samsu Adabi Mamat PEJUANG Terengganu P033 Besut 111,650 Idris Jusoh BN (UMNO) Nawi Mohamad UMNO Abd Rahman @ Abd Aziz Abas AMANAH Che Mohamad Zulkifly Jusoh PAS Wan Nazari Wan Jusoh PEJUANG P034 Setiu 107,294 Shaharizukirnain Abd. Kadir PN (PAS) Abdul Rahman Mat Yasin UMNO Mohamad Ngah PKR Shaharizukirnain Abdul Kadir PAS Wan Adnan Wan Ali PEJUANG P035 Kuala Nerus 105,952 Mohd Khairuddin Aman Razali IND Mohd Khairuddin Aman Razali BN Suhaimi Hashim AMANAH Alias Razak PAS Azahar Wahid PUTRA P036 Kuala Terengganu 123,305 Ahmad Amzad Mohamed @ Hashim PN (PAS) Mohd Zubir Embong UMNO Raja Kamarul Bahrin Shah Raja Ahmad AMANAH Ahmad Amzad Mohamed @ Hashim PAS Mohamad Abu Bakar Muda PUTRA P037 Marang 131,756 Abdul Hadi Awang PN (PAS) Jasmira Othman UMNO Azhar Abdul Shukur AMANAH Abdul Hadi Awang PAS Zarawi Sulong PUTRA P038 Hulu Terengganu 87,917 Rosol Wahid PN (BERSATU) Rozi Mamat UMNO Alias Ismail PKR Rosol Wahid BERSATU Mohd. Khadri Abdullah PUTRA P039 Dungun 115,559 Wan Hassan Mohd Ramli PN (PAS) Nurhisam Johari UMNO Mohasdjone @ Mohd Johari Mohamad PKR Wan Hassan Mohd Ramli PAS Noraisah Hasan PEJUANG Ghazali Ismail IND P040 Kemaman 139,423 Che Alias Hamid PN (PAS) Ahmad Said UMNO Hasuni Sudin PKR Che Alias Hamid PAS Rosli Abd Ghani PEJUANG Pulau Pinang P041 Kepala Batas 83,081 Reezal Merican Naina Merican BN (UMNO) Reezal Merican Naina Merican UMNO Muhammad Danial Abdul Majeed MUDA Siti Mastura Mohamad PAS Hamidi Abu Hassan BERJASA| P042 Tasek Gelugor 80,868 Shabudin Yahaya PN (BERSATU) Muhamad Yusoff Mohd Noor UMNO Nik Abdul Razak Nik Md Ridzuan AMANAH Wan Saifulruddin Wan Jan BERSATU Abdul Halim Sher Jung GB Mohamed Akmal Azhar WARISAN P043 Bagan 89,447 Lim Guan Eng PH (DAP) Tan Chuan Hong MCA Lim Guan Eng DAP Alan Oh @ Oh Teik Choon BERSATU Mohammed Hafiz Mohamed Abu Bakar IMAN P044 Permatang Pauh 107,186 Nurul Izzah Anwar PH (PKR) Mohd Zaidi Mohd Zaid UMNO Nurul Izzah Anwar PKR Muhammad Fawwaz Mat Jan PAS Mohamad Nasir Osman PUTRA P045 Bukit Mertajam 120,819 Steven Sim Chee Keong PH (DAP) Tan Yang Pang MCA Steven Sim Chee Keong DAP Steven Koh Tien Yew PAS P046 Batu Kawan 88,812 Kasthuriraani Patto PH (DAP) Tan Lee Huat MCA Chow Kon Yeow DAP Wong Chia Zen GERAKAN Ong Chin Wen WARISAN Lee Ah Liang PRM P047 Nibong Tebal 100,062 Mansor Othman PN (BERSATU) Thanenthiran Ramankutty MMSP Fadhlina Sidek PKR Mansor Othman BERSATU Goh Kheng Huat IND P048 Bukit Bendera 92,521 Wong Hon Wai PH (DAP) Richie Huan Xin Yun PCM Syerleena Abdul Rashid DAP Hng Chee Wey GERAKAN Teh Yee Cheu PRM Razalif Mohd Zain IND P049 Tanjong 52,803 Chow Kon Yeow PH (DAP) Tan Kim Nee MCA Lim Hui Ying DAP H'ng Khoon Leng GERAKAN P050 Jelutong 93,989 Sanisvara Nethaji Rayer Rajaji Rayer PH (DAP) Loganathan Thoraisamy IPF Sanisvara Nethaji Rayer Rajaji Rayer DAP Baljit Singh Jigiri Singh GERAKAN Martin Lim Huat Poh WARISAN Koh Swe Yong PRM Mohamed Yacoob Mohamed Noor IND P051 Bukit Gelugor 117,134 Ramkarpal Singh PH (DAP) Wong Chin Chong MCA Ramkarpal Singh DAP Thinaganarabhan Padmanabhan BERSATU P052 Bayan Baru 119,640 Sim Tze Tzin PH (PKR) Saw Yee Fung MCA Sim Tze Tzin PKR Oh Tong Keong GERAKAN Jeff Ooi Chuan Aun WARISAN Ravinder Singh PRM Kan Chee Yuen IND P053 Balik Pulau 80,264 Muhammad Bakhtiar Wan Chik PH (PKR) Shah Headan Ayoob Hussain Shah UMNO Muhammad Bakhtiar Wan Chik PKR Muhammad Harris Idaham Abdul Rashid BERSATU Ahmad Fazli Mohammad PEJUANG Sabaruddin Ahmad IND Johnny Ch'ng Ewe Gee IND Perak P054 Gerik 47,565 Vacant VAC Asyraf Wajdi Dusuki UMNO Ahmad Tarmizi Mohd Jam DAP Fathul Huzir Ayob BERSATU P055 Lenggong 36,950 Shamsul Anuar Nasarah BN (UMNO) Shamsul Anuar Nasarah UMNO Jurey Latiff Mohd Rosli PKR Muhammad Rif'aat Razman PAS P056 Larut 65,719 Hamzah Zainudin PN (BERSATU) Mohd Shafiq Fhadly Mahmud UMNO Zolkarnain Abidin AMANAH Hamzah Zainudin BERSATU Auzaie Fadzlan Shahidi BERJASA P057 Parit Buntar 68,502 Mujahid Yusof Rawa PH (AMANAH) Imran Mohd Yusof UMNO Mujahid Yusof Rawa AMANAH Mohd Misbahul Munir Masduki PAS Rohijas Md Sharif PEJUANG P058 Bagan Serai 80,293 Noor Azmi Ghazali PN (BERSATU) Zul Helmi Ghazali UMNO Siti Aishah Shaik Ismail PKR Idris Ahmad PAS Ahmad Luqman Ahmad Yahaya PEJUANG P059 Bukit Gantang 94,253 Syed Abu Hussin Hafiz Syed Abdul Fasal PN (BERSATU) Mohammad Sollehin Mohamad Tajie UMNO Fakhruldin Mohd Hashim AMANAH Syed Abu Hussin Hafiz Syed Abdul Fasal BERSATU Mohd Shukri Mohd Yusoff PEJUANG P060 Taiping 121,566 Teh Kok Lim PH (DAP) Neow Choo Seong MCA Wong Kah Woh DAP See Tean Seng GERAKAN Leow Thye Yih IND Mohganan P Manikam IND A. Rama Moorthy @ Steven Ram IND P061 Padang Rengas 38,686 Mohamed Nazri Abdul Aziz BN (UMNO) Mohd Arrif Abdul Majid UMNO Muhammad Kamil Abdul Munim PKR Azahari Hasan BERSATU P062 Sungai Siput 72,395 Kesavan Subramaniam PH (PKR) Vigneswaran Sanasee MIC Kesavan Subramaniam PKR Irudhanathan Gabriel BERSATU Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Jaafar PEJUANG R Indrani IND Baharudin Kamarudin IND Rajah Narasam IND P063 Tambun 160,558 Ahmad Faizal Azumu PN (BERSATU) Aminuddin Md Hanafiah UMNO Anwar Ibrahim PKR Ahmad Faizal Azumu BERSATU Abdul Rahim Tahir PEJUANG P064 Ipoh Timor 118,178 Wong Kah Woh PH (DAP) Ng Kai Cheong MCA Howard Lee Chuan How DAP Nor Afzainizam Salleh BERSATU P065 Ipoh Barat 114,654 Kulasegaran Murugeson PH (DAP) Low Guo Nan MCA Kulasegaran Murugeson DAP Chek Kwong Weng GERAKAN M. Kayveas IND P066 Batu Gajah 111,896 Sivakumar Varatharaju Naidu PH (DAP) Teoh Chin Chong MCA Sivakumar Varatharaju Naidu DAP Woo Cheong Yuen GERAKAN P067 Kuala Kangsar 46,985 Mastura Mohd Yazid BN (UMNO) Maslin Sham Razman UMNO Ahmad Termizi Ramli AMANAH Iskandar Dzulkarnain Abdul Khalid BERSATU Yusmalia Mohamad Yusof PEJUANG P068 Beruas 108,249 Ngeh Koo Ham PH (DAP) Ding Siew Chee MCA Ngeh Koo Ham DAP Ong Kean Sing GERAKAN P069 Parit 47,915 Mohd Nizar Zakaria BN (UMNO) Mohd Nizar Zakaria UMNO Nurthaqaffah Nordin AMANAH Muhamamd Ismi Mat Taib PAS Faizol Fadzli Mohamed PEJUANG P070 Kampar 89,894 Thomas Su Keong Siong PH (DAP) Lee Chee Leong MCA Chong Zhemin DAP Janice Wong Oi Foon GERAKAN Leong Cheok Keng WARISAN P071 Gopeng 143,657 Lee Boon Chye PH (PKR) Cally Ting Zhao Song MCA Tan Kar Hing PKR Muhammad Farhan Abdul Rahim BERSATU Balachandran Gopal WARISAN P072 Tapah 61,946 Saravanan Murugan BN (MIC) Saravanan Murugan MIC Saraswathy Kandasami PKR Muhammad Yadzan Mohammad BERSATU Mior Nor Haidir Suhaimi PEJUANG Mohamed Akbar Sheriff Ali Yasin WARISAN M Kathiravan IND P073 Pasir Salak 74,761 Tajuddin Abdul Rahman BN (UMNO) Khairul Azwan Harun UMNO Nik Omar Nik Abdul Aziz PKR Jamaluddin Yahya PAS Zairol Hizam Zakaria PUTRA P074 Lumut 92,972 Mohd Hatta Md Ramli PH (AMANAH) Zambry Abdul Kadir UMNO Mohd Hatta Md Ramli AMANAH Nordin Ahmad Ismail BERSATU Mazlan Abdul Ghani PEJUANG Mohd Isnin Mohd Ismail @ Ibrahim Khan WARISAN P075 Bagan Datuk 58,183 Ahmad Zahid Hamidi BN (UMNO) Ahmad Zahid Hamidi UMNO Shamsul Iskandar @ Yusre Mohd Akin PKR Muhammad Faiz Na'aman BERSATU Tawfik Ismail IND P076 Teluk Intan 87,222 Nga Kor Ming PH (DAP) Murugiah Thopasamy MIC Nga Kor Ming DAP Zainol Fadzi Paharudin BERSATU Amir Khusyairi Mohamad Tanusi PEJUANG P077 Tanjong Malim 93,873 Chang Lih Kang PH (PKR) Mah Hang Soon MCA Chang Lih Kang PKR Nolee Ashilin Mohammed Radzi BERSATU Amir Hamzah Abdul Razak IMAN Jamaluddin Mohd Radzi IND Izzat Johari IND Pahang P078 Cameron Highlands 46,020 Ramli Mohd Nor BN (UMNO) Ramli Mohd Nor UMNO Chiong Yoke Kong DAP Abdul Rasid Mohamed Ali BERSATU P079 Lipis 47,124 Abdul Rahman Mohamad BN (UMNO) Abdul Rahman Mohamad UMNO Tengku Zulpuri Shah Raja Puji DAP Mohamad Shahrum Osman BERSATU Aishaton Abu Bakar PEJUANG P080 Raub 75,064 Tengku Zulpuri Shah Raja Puji PH (DAP) Chong Sin Woon MCA Chow Yu Hui DAP Fakrunizam Ibrahim BERSATU Norkhairul Anuar Mohamed Nor PEJUANG P081 Jerantut 87,051 Ahmad Nazlan Idris BN (UMNO) Mohd Zukarmi Abu Bakar UMNO Hassan Basri Awang Mat Dahan PKR Khairil Nizam Khirudin PAS P082 Indera Mahkota 120,549 Saifuddin Abdullah PN (BERSATU) Quek Tai Seong MCA Zuraidi Ismail PKR Saifuddin Abdullah BERSATU Mohamad Nor Sundari BERJASA P083 Kuantan 87,597 Fuziah Salleh PH (PKR) Ab Hamid Mohd Nazahar UMNO Fuziah Salleh PKR Wan Razali Wan Nor PAS Anuar Tajuddin PEJUANG P084 Paya Besar 79,744 Mohd. Shahar Abdullah BN (UMNO) Mohd. Shahar Abdullah UMNO Ahmad Azam Mohd Salleh AMANAH Aireroshairi Roslan PAS Rosminahar Mohd Amin PEJUANG P085 Pekan 119,443 Vacant VAC Sh Mohamed Puzi Sh Ali UMNO Mohd Naim Zainal Abidin PKR Mohd Fadhil Noor Abdul Karim PAS Mohammad Radhi Abdul Razak PEJUANG Tengku Zainul Hisham Tengku Hussin IND P086 Maran 53,128 Ismail Abdul Muttalib BN (UMNO) Shahaniza Shamsuddin UMNO Ahmad Shuhor Awang AMANAH Ismail Abdul Muttalib PN Muhamad Hafiz Al-Hafiz IND P087 Kuala Krau 60,537 Ismail Mohamed Said BN (UMNO) Ismail Mohamed Said UMNO Juhari Osman AMANAH Kamal Ashaari PAS Shahruddin Mohamed Salleh PEJUANG P088 Temerloh 106,829 Mohd Anuar Mohd Tahir PH (AMANAH) Mohd Sharkar Shamsudin UMNO Mohd Hasbie Muda AMANAH Salamiah Mohd Nor PAS Aminuddin Yahya GB P089 Bentong 87,058 Wong Tack PH (DAP) Liow Tiong Lai MCA Young Syefura Othman DAP Roslan Hassan BERSATU Wong Tack IND Mohd Khalil Abdul Hamid IND P090 Bera 77,669 Dato' Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob BN (UMNO) Dato' Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob UMNO Abas Awang PKR Asmawi Harun BERSATU P091 Rompin 89,131 Hasan Arifin BN (UMNO) Hasan Arifin UMNO Erman Shah Jaios PKR Abdul Khalib Abdullah BERSATU Hamizi Hussain IND Selangor P092 Sabak Bernam 51,609 Mohamad Fasiah Mohd Fakeh PN (BERSATU) Abdul Rahman Bakri UMNO Shamsul Ma'arif Ismail AMANAH Kalam Salan BERSATU Idris Mat Yusof GB P093 Sungai Besar 64,382 Muslimin Yahaya PN (BERSATU) Jamal Yunos UMNO Saipolyazan Mat Yusop PKR Muslimin Yahaya BERSATU Asmawar Samat @ Samad PUTRA P094 Hulu Selangor 154,317 June Leow Hsiad Hui PH (PKR) Mohan Thangarasu MIC Sathia Prakash Nadarajan PKR Mohd Hasnizan Harun PAS Harumaini Omar PEJUANG Haniza Mohamed Talha PBM Azlinda Baroni IND P095 Tanjong Karang 62,194 Noh Omar BN (UMNO) Habibah Mohd Yusof UMNO Siti Rahayu Baharin MUDA Zulkafperi Hanapi BERSATU Azlan Sani Zawawi GB Mohd Rosni Mastol IND P096 Kuala Selangor 102,951 Dzulkefly Ahmad PH (AMANAH) Tengku Zafrul Aziz UMNO Dzulkefly Ahmad AMANAH Mohd Noor Mohd Sahar PAS Mohd Shaid Rosli PEJUANG P097 Selayang 181,539 William Leong Jee Keen PH (PKR) Chan Wun Hoong MCA William Leong Jee Keen PKR Abdul Rashid Asari BERSATU Salleh Amiruddin PEJUANG Muhammad Zaki Omar IND P098 Gombak 206,744 Mohamed Azmin Ali PN (BERSATU) Megat Zulkarnain Omardin UMNO Amirudin Shari PKR Mohamed Azmin Ali BERSATU Aziz Jamaludin Mohd Tahir PUTRA Zulkifli Ahmad IND P099 Ampang 133,494 Zuraida Kamaruddin PBM Ivone Low Yi Wen MCA Rodziah Ismail PKR Sasha Lyna Abdul Latif BERSATU Nurul Ashikin Mabahwi PEJUANG Bryan Lai Wai Chong WARISAN Zuraida Kamaruddin PBM Raveendran Marnokaran IND Tan Hua Meng IND Muhammad Shafiq Izwan Mohd Yunos IND P100 Pandan 148,730 Wan Azizah Wan Ismail PH (PKR) Leong Kok Wee MCA Rafizi Ramli PKR Muhammad Rafique Zubir Albakri PAS Nadia Hanafiah GB Ong Tee Keat WARISAN P101 Hulu Langat 166,902 Hasanuddin Mohd Yunus PH (AMANAH) Johan Abdul Aziz UMNO Mohd Sany Hamzan AMANAH Mohd Radzi Abd Latif BERSATU Markiman Kobiran PEJUANG Abdul Rahman Jaafar WARISAN Muhammad Mustafa IND P102 Bangi 303,430 Ong Kian Ming PH (DAP) Hoh Hee Lee MCA Syahredzan Johan DAP Muhammad Nazrul Hakim Md. Nazir PAS Annuar Salleh BERJASA Chee Chee Meng PRM Jamal Hisham Hashim IND Muhammad Fauzi Hasim IND Suthan Mookiah IND P103 Puchong 152,861 Gobind Singh Deo PH (DAP) Syed Ibrahim Syed Abdul Kader KIMMA Yeo Bee Yin DAP Jimmy Chew Jyh Gang GERAKAN Kuan Chee Heng IND P104 Subang 230,940 Wong Chen PH (PKR) Kow Cheong Wei MCA Wong Chen PKR Alex Ang Hiang Ni GERAKAN P105 Petaling Jaya 195,148 Maria Chin Abdullah PH (PKR) Chew Hian Tat MCA Lee Chean Chung PKR Theng Book BERSATU Mazween Mokhtar GB Ezam Mohd Nor PRM K J John IND P106 Damansara 239,103 Tony Pua Kiam Wee PH (DAP) Tan Gim Tuan MCA Gobind Singh Deo DAP Lim Si Ching GERAKAN P107 Sungai Buloh 158,090 Sivarasa Rasiah PH (PKR) Khairy Jamaluddin UMNO Ramanan Ramakrishnan PKR Mohd Ghazali Md Hamin PAS Mohd Akmal Mohd Yusoff PEJUANG Ahmad Zuhri Faisal PRM Nurhaslinda Basri IND Syed Abdul Razak Syed Long Alsagoff IND P108 Shah Alam 165,744 Khalid Abdul Samad PH (AMANAH) Hizatul Isham Abdul Jalil UMNO Azli Yusof AMANAH Afif Bahardin BERSATU Muhammad Rafique Rashid Ali PEJUANG P109 Kapar 189,369 Abdullah Sani Abdul Hamid PH (PKR) Muhammad Noor Azman UMNO Abdullah Sani Abdul Hamid PKR Halimah Ali PAS Mohd Pathan Hussin BERJASA Rahim Awang WARISAN Daroyah Alwi PBM VP Sevelinggam IND P110 Klang 208,913 Charles Anthony Santiago PH (DAP) Tee Hooi Ling MCA Ganabatirau Veraman DAP Jaya Chandran Perumal BERSATU Loo Cheng Wee WARISAN Chandra Sivarajan PRM Hedrhin Ramli @ Awin IND JR Deepak Jaikishan IND P111 Kota Raja 244,712 Mohamad Sabu PH (AMANAH) Kajendran Doraisamy MIC Mohamad Sabu AMANAH Mohamed Diah Baharun PAS Fahmi Bazlan Muda BERJASA Che Sara Afiqah Zainul Arif PRM Kumar Karananendi IND P Raveentharan A Periasamy IND Suhendhar Selvaraju IND P112 Kuala Langat 148,637 Xavier Jayakumar Arulanandam PBM Mohana Muniandy Raman MIC Manivannan Gowindasamy PKR Ahmad Yunus Hairi PAS Mohd Ridzuan Abdullah GB Gaveson Murugeson PRM Zanariah Jumhuri IND P113 Sepang 168,039 Mohamed Hanipa Maidin PH (AMANAH) Anuar Basiran UMNO Raj Munni Sabu @ Aiman Athirah AMANAH Rina Mohd Harun BERSATU Che Asmah Ibrahim PEJUANG Nageswaran Ravi PRM Mohd Daud Leong Abdullah PUR Muneswaran Muthiah IND Shahrul Amri Mat Sari IND Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur P114 Kepong 94,285 Lim Lip Eng PH (DAP) Yap Zheng Hoe MCA Lim Lip Eng DAP Phang Jing Fatt GERAKAN Young Shang Yi WARISAN Yee Poh Ping IND P115 Batu 113,863 Prabakaran Parameswaran PH (PKR) A. Kohilan Pillay MIC Prabakaran Parameswaran PKR Azhar Yahya PAS Wan Azliana Wan Adnan PEJUANG Naganathan Pillai WARISAN Zulkifli Abdul Fadlan PRM Nur Fathiah Syazwana Shaharuddin IND Siti Zabedah Kasim IND Too Gao Lan @ Too Cheng Huat IND Chua Tian Chang IND P116 Wangsa Maju 120,323 Tan Yee Kew PH (PKR) Mohd Shafei Abdullah UMNO Zahir Hassan PKR Nuridah Mohd Salleh PAS Norzaila Arifin PUTRA Wee Choo Keong WARISAN Raveentheran Suntheralingam IND P117 Segambut 119,652 Hannah Yeoh Tseow Suan PH (DAP) Daniel Ling Sia Chin MCA Hannah Yeoh Tseow Suan DAP Prabagaran Vythilingam GERAKAN P118 Setiawangsa 95,753 Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad PH (PKR) Izudin Ishak UMNO Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad PKR Nurul Fadzilah Kamarulddin BERSATU Bibi Sunita Sakandar Khan PEJUANG Stanley Lim Yen Tiong IND Mior Rosli Mior Mohd Jaafar IND P119 Titiwangsa 80,747 Rina Mohd Harun PN (BERSATU) Johari Abdul Ghani UMNO Khalid Samad AMANAH Rosni Adam PAS Khairuddin Abu Hassan PEJUANG P120 Bukit Bintang 79,782 Fong Kui Lun PH (DAP) Tan Teik Peng MCA Fong Kui Lun DAP Edwin Chen Win Keong BERSATU P121 Lembah Pantai 101,828 Ahmad Fahmi Mohamed Fadzil PH (PKR) Ramlan Shahean @ Askolani UMNO Ahmad Fahmi Mohamed Fadzil PKR Fauzi Abu Bakar PAS Noor Asmah Mohd Razalli PUTRA P122 Seputeh 124,805 Teresa Kok Suh Sim PH (DAP) Lee Kah Hing MCA Teresa Kok Suh Sim DAP Alan Wong Yee Yeng GERAKAN Lee Wai Hong IND Choy San Yeh @ Lian Choy Ling IND P123 Cheras 101,184 Tan Kok Wai PH (DAP) Chong Yew Chuan MCA Tan Kok Wai DAP Ruby Chin Yoke Kheng BERSATU P124 Bandar Tun Razak 119,185 Kamarudin Jaffar PN (BERSATU) Chew Yin Keen MCA Wan Azizah Wan Ismail PKR Kamarudin Jaffar BERSATU Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya P125 Putrajaya 42,881 Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor BN (UMNO) Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor UMNO Noraishah Mydin Abdul Aziz PKR Radzi Jidin BERSATU Mohd Rosli Ramli BERJASA Samsudin Mohamad Fauzi IND Lim Fice Bee IND Negeri Sembilan P126 Jelebu 59,561 Jalaluddin Alias BN (UMNO) Jalaluddin Alias UMNO Zulkefly Mohamad Omar AMANAH Zaharuddin Baba Samon BERSATU Ahmad Fakri Abu Samah PUTRA P127 Jempol 95,813 Mohd Salim Mohd Shariff BN (UMNO) Shamshulkahar Mohd. Deli UMNO Norwani Ahmat AMANAH Muhammad Noraffendy Mohd Salleh BERSATU Mohd Khalid Mohd Yunus PUTRA P128 Seremban 157,244 Anthony Loke Siew Fook PH (DAP) Felicia Wong Yin Ting MCA Anthony Loke Siew Fook DAP Mohd Fadli Che Me PAS Mohamad Jani Ismail PEJUANG Izzat Lesly IND P129 Kuala Pilah 63,247 Eddin Syazlee Shith PN (BERSATU) Adnan Abu Hassan UMNO Nor Azman Mohamad PKR Eddin Syazlee Shith BERSATU Kamarulzaman Kamdias PUTRA Azman Idris WARISAN P130 Rasah 155,896 Cha Kee Chin PH (DAP) Ng Kian Nam MCA Cha Kee Chin DAP David Choong Vee Hing GERAKAN P131 Rembau 133,555 Khairy Jamaluddin BN (UMNO) Mohamad Hasan UMNO Julfitri Joha PKR Mohd Nazree Mohd Yunus BERSATU Ramly Awalludin PEJUANG Tinagaran Subramaniam PSM P132 Port Dickson 104,450 Anwar Ibrahim PH (PKR) P. Kamalanathan MIC Aminuddin Harun PKR Rafei Mustapha PAS Ahmad Idham Ahmad Nazri GB Abdul Rani Kulup Abdullah IND P133 Tampin 81,099 Hasan Bahrom PH (AMANAH) Mohd Isam Mohd Isa UMNO Muhammad Faiz Fadzil AMANAH Abdul Halim Abu Bakar PAS Zamani Ibrahim BERJASA Melaka P134 Masjid Tanah 69,174 Mas Ermieyati Samsudin PN (BERSATU) Abdul Hakim Abdul Wahid UMNO Muthalib Uthman MUDA Mas Ermieyati Samsudin BERSATU Handrawirawan Abu Bakar PEJUANG P135 Alor Gajah 93,311 Mohd Redzuan Md Yusof PN (BERSATU) Shahril Sufian Hamdan UMNO Adly Zahari AMANAH Mohd Redzuan Md Yusof BERSATU Muhammad Nazriq Abdul Rahman BERJASA| P136 Tangga Batu 115,998 Rusnah Aluai PH (PKR) Lim Ban Hong MCA Rusnah Aluai PKR Bakri Jamaluddin PAS Ghazali Abu PUTRA Shahril Mahmood IND P137 Hang Tuah Jaya 118,493 Shamsul Iskandar @ Yusre Mohd Akin PH (PKR) Mohd Ridhwan Mohd Ali UMNO Adam Adli Abdul Halim PKR Mohd Azrudin Md Idris BERSATU Sheikh Ikhzan Sheikh Salleh PEJUANG P138 Kota Melaka 164,140 Khoo Poay Tiong PH (DAP) Kon Qi Yao MCA Khoo Poay Tiong DAP Suhaime Borhan GERAKAN Norazlanshah Hazali IND P139 Jasin 96,208 Ahmad Hamzah BN (UMNO) Roslan Ahmad UMNO Harun Mohamed AMANAH Zulkifli Ismail PAS Mohd Daud Nasir PEJUANG Johor P140 Segamat 69,360 Edmund Santhara Kumar Ramanaidu PBM Ramasamy Muthusamy MIC Yuneswaran Ramaraj PKR Poobalan Ponusamy BERSATU Syed Hairoul Faizey Syed Ali PUTRA P141 Sekijang 63,981 Natrah Ismail PH (PKR) Md Salleheen Mohamad UMNO Zaliha Mustafa PKR Uzzair Ismail BERSATU Mohd Saiful Faizal Abd Halim PUTRA Mohd Zohar Ahmad WARISAN P142 Labis 49,846 Pang Hok Liong PH (DAP) Chua Tee Yong MCA Pang Hok Liong DAP Alvin Chang Teck Kiam BERSATU P143 Pagoh 69,939 Muhyiddin Yassin PN (BERSATU) Razali Ibrahim UMNO Iskandar Shah Abdul Rahman PKR Muhyiddin Yassin BERSATU P144 Ledang 104,577 Syed Ibrahim Syed Noh PH (PKR) Hamim Samuri UMNO Syed Ibrahim Syed Noh PKR Zaidi Abd Majid BERSATU Rafidah Ridwan PEJUANG Yunus Mustakim IND Zainal Bahrom IND P145 Bakri 97,335 Yeo Bee Yin PH (DAP) Lee Ching Yong MCA Tan Hong Pin DAP Chelvarajan Suppiah BERSATU Haron Jaffar IND P146 Muar 68,925 Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman MUDA Mohd Helmy Abd Latif UMNO Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman MUDA Abdullah Husin PAS P147 Parit Sulong 79,484 Noraini Ahmad BN (UMNO) Noraini Ahmad UMNO Mohd Faizal Dollah AMANAH Abdul Karim Deraman PAS P148 Ayer Hitam 61,041 Wee Ka Siong BN (MCA) Wee Ka Siong MCA Sheikh Umar Bagharib Ali DAP Muhammad Syafiq A Aziz BERSATU P149 Sri Gading 78,602 Shahruddin Md Salleh GTA (PEJUANG) Mohd Lassim Burhan UMNO Aminolhuda Hassan AMANAH Zanariyah Abdul Hamid PAS Mahdzir Ibrahim PEJUANG P150 Batu Pahat 133,910 Mohd Rashid Hasnon PN (BERSATU) Ishak @ Mohd Farid Siraj UMNO Onn Abu Bakar PKR Mohd Rashid Hasnon BERSATU Nizam Bashir Abdul Kariem Bashier PEJUANG Zahari Osman PRM P151 Simpang Renggam 59,033 Maszlee Malik PH (PKR) Hasni Mohammad UMNO Maszlee Malik PKR Mohd Fazrul Kamat BERSATU Kamal Kusmin PUTRA P152 Kluang 132,342 Wong Shu Qi PH (DAP) Gan Ping Sieu MCA Wong Shu Qi DAP Dzulkarnain Alias BERSATU Ramendran Ulaganathan IND P153 Sembrong 54,982 Hishammuddin Hussein BN (UMNO) Hishamuddin Hussein UMNO Hasni Abas PKR Aziz Ismail BERSATU P154 Mersing 66,275 Abdul Latiff Ahmad PN (BERSATU) Abdul Latif Bandi @ Nor Sebandi UMNO Fatin Zulaikha Zaidi DAP Muhammad Islahuddin Abas BERSATU Nurfatimah Ibrahim PEJUANG Ismail Don IND P155 Tenggara 67,294 Adham Baba BN (UMNO) Manndzri Nasib UMNO Zuraidah Zainab Mohd Zain PKR Mohd Nazari Mokhtar PAS M Azhar Palal PUTRA P156 Kota Tinggi 61,291 Halimah Mohamed Sadique BN (UMNO) Mohamed Khaled Nordin UMNO Onn Jaafar AMANAH Mohamad Ridhwan Rasman BERSATU P157 Pengerang 55,316 Azalina Othman Said BN (UMNO) Azalina Othman Said UMNO Che Zakaria Mohd Salleh AMANAH Fairulnizar Rahmat BERSATU P158 Tebrau 223,301 Steven Choong Shiau Yoon PBM Nicole Wong Siaw Ting MCA Jimmy Puah Wee Tse PKR Mohamad Isa Mohamad Basir BERSATU P159 Pasir Gudang 198,485 Hassan Abdul Karim PH (PKR) Noor Azleen Ambros UMNO Hassan Abdul Karim PKR Mohamad Farid Abdul Razak BERSATU Mohammad Raffi Beran IMAN P160 Johor Bahru 136,368 Akmal Nasrullah Mohd Nasir PH (PKR) Johan Arifin Mohd Ropi UMNO Akmal Nasrullah Mohd Nasir PKR Mohd Mohtaj Yacob BERSATU Mohd Akhiri Mahmood PEJUANG P161 Pulai 165,313 Salahuddin Ayub PH (AMANAH) Nur Jazlan Mohamed UMNO Salahuddin Ayub AMANAH Loh Kah Yong GERAKAN P162 Iskandar Puteri 222,437 Lim Kit Siang PH (DAP) Jason Teoh Sew Hock MCA Liew Chin Tong DAP Jashen Tan Nam Cha BERSATU P163 Kulai 151,247 Teo Nie Ching PH (DAP) Chua Jian Boon MCA Teo Nie Ching DAP Tan Chin Hok GERAKAN P164 Pontian 75,212 Ahmad Maslan BN (UMNO) Ahmad Maslan UMNO Shazwan Zdainal Abidin DAP Isa Ab Hamid BERSATU Jamaluddin Mohamad GB P165 Tanjung Piai 70,679 Wee Jeck Seng BN (MCA) Wee Jeck Seng MCA Lim Wei Jiet MUDA Najwah Halimah Ab Alim BERSATU Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan P166 Labuan 44,484 Rozman Isli WARISAN Bashir Alias UMNO Ramli Tahir AMANAH Suhaili Abdul Rahman BERSATU Ramle Mat Daly PUTRA Rozman Isli WARISAN Dayang Rusimah @ Raynie Mohd Din PBM Sabah P167 Kudat 75,724 Abdul Rahim Bakri GRS (BERSATU Sabah) Thonny Chee PKR Ruddy Awah BERSATU Nur Alya Humaira Usun Abdullah PEJUANG Abdul Rashid Abdul Harun WARISAN Verdon Bahanda IND P168 Kota Marudu 80,735 Maximus Ongkili GRS (PBS) Shahrizal Denci MUDA Maximus Ongkili PBS Mohd Azmee Zulkiflee PEJUANG Jilid Kuminding @ Zainuddin WARISAN Wetrom Bahanda KDM Norman Tulang IND P169 Kota Belud 79,885 Isnaraissah Munirah Majilis @ Fakharudy WARISAN Abdul Rahman Dahlan UMNO Madeli @ Modily Bangali PKR Isnaraissah Munirah Majilis @ Fakharudy WARISAN P170 Tuaran 83,419 Wilfred Madius Tangau PH (UPKO) Wilfred Madius Tangau UPKO Joniston Bangkuai PBS Muminin Kalingkong @ Norbinsha PEJUANG Joanna Rampas WARISAN Noortaip Suhaili @ Sualee IND Boby Lewat IND P171 Sepanggar 108,370 Mohd Azis Jamman WARISAN Yakubah Khan UMNO Mustapha @ Mohd Yunus Sakmud PKR Yusof Kunchang PEJUANG Mohd Azis Jamman WARISAN Jumardie Lukman KDM P172 Kota Kinabalu 74,059 Chan Foong Hin PH (DAP) Chan Foong Hin DAP Yee Tsai Yiew PBS Amanda Yeo Yan Yin WARISAN Winston Liew Kit Siong KDM Marcel Jude IND P173 Putatan 63,173 Awang Husaini Sahari PH (PKR) Shahelmey Yahya UMNO Awang Husaini Sahari PKR Poyne Tudus @ Patrick Payne GB Ahmad Mohd Said WARISAN P174 Penampang 77,214 Ignatius Dorell Leiking WARISAN Ewon Benedick UPKO Kenny Chua Teck Ho STAR Ignatius Dorell Leiking WARISAN Richard Jimmy IND P175 Papar 59,942 Ahmad Hassan WARISAN Henry Shim Chee On DAP Armizan Mohd Ali BERSATU Nicholas Sylvester @ Berry PEJUANG Ahmad Hassan WARISAN Norbert Chin IND Johnny Sitamin IND P176 Kimanis 40,763 Mohamad Alamin BN (UMNO) Mohamad Alamin UMNO Rowindy Lawrence Odong UPKO Yusop Osman PEJUANG Daud Yusof WARISAN Amat Mohd Yusof KDM P177 Beaufort 43,248 Azizah Mohd Dun GRS (BERSATU Sabah) Siti Aminah Aching UMNO Dikin Musah PKR Masri Adul WARISAN Johair Mat Lani KDM Johan @ Christopher O T Ghani IND Matlani Sabli IND P178 Sipitang 45,871 Yamani Hafez Musa GRS (BERSATU Sabah) Lahirul Latigul AMANAH Matbali Musah BERSATU Adnan Puteh WARISAN P179 Ranau 66,517 Jonathan Yasin GRS (BERSATU Sabah) Taufik Dahalan PKR Jonathan Yasin BERSATU Azizul Julrin PEJUANG Markos Siton WARISAN Ewon Ebin PBRS P180 Keningau 87,588 Jeffrey Kitingan GRS (STAR) Grelydia Gillod DAP Jeffrey Kitingan STAR Rasinin Kautis WARISAN Jake Nointin KDM P181 Tenom 42,045 Noorita Sual PH (DAP) Jamawi Ja’afar UMNO Noorita Sual DAP Ukim Buandi WARISAN Riduan Rubin IND Peggy Chaw Zhi Ting IND P182 Pensiangan 55,672 Arthur Joseph Kurup BN (PBRS) Arthur Joseph Kurup PBRS Sangkar Rasam PKR Jamani Derimin @ Gampalid PEJUANG Siti Noorhasmahwatty Osman WARISAN Jekerison Kilan KDM P183 Beluran 44,727 Ronald Kiandee GRS (BERSATU Sabah) Benedict Asmat UMNO Felix Joseph Saang UPKO Ronald Kiandee BERSATU Hausing Sudin @ Samsudin PEJUANG Rowiena Rashid WARISAN P184 Libaran 72,332 Zakaria Edris GRS (BERSATU Sabah) Suhaimi Nasir UMNO Peter Jr Naintin UPKO Jeffri @ Amat Pudang PEJUANG SH Bokrata SH Hassan WARISAN Nordin Khani PPRS Amdan Tumpong IND P185 Batu Sapi 43,916 Vacant VAC Liau Fui Fui DAP Khairul Firdaus Akhbar Khan BERSATU Boni Yusuf Abdullah @ Narseso P Juanico PUTRA Alias Sani WARISAN Othman Ahmad IND P186 Sandakan 55,542 Vivian Wong Shir Yee PH (DAP) Vivian Wong Shir Yee DAP Lau Chee Kiong @ Thomas Lau SAPP Alex Thien WARISAN Peter Hii IND Syeikh Lokeman IND Lita Tan Abdullah IND P187 Kinabatangan 44,773 Bung Mokhtar Radin BN (UMNO) Bung Mokhtar Radin UMNO Mazliwati Abdul Malek WARISAN P188 Lahad Datu 100,256 Mohammadin Ketapi PBM Maizatul Alkam Alawi UMNO Oscar Sia Yu Hock DAP Mohd Yusof Apdal WARISAN P189 Semporna 72,169 Mohd Shafie Apdal WARISAN Arastam Paradong PKR Nixon Abdul Habi BERSATU Ab Rajik Ab Hamid PEJUANG Mohd Shafie Apdal WARISAN P190 Tawau 87,477 Christina Liew Chin Jin PH (PKR) Christina Liew Chin Jin PKR Lo Su Fui PBS Herman Amdas PEJUANG Chen Ket Chuin WARISAN Mohd Salleh Bacho IND Chin Chee Syn IND P191 Kalabakan 83,970 Ma'mun Sulaiman WARISAN Andi Muhammad Suryady Bandy UMNO Noraini Abd Ghapur PKR Nur Aini Abdul Rahman PEJUANG Ma'mun Sulaiman WARISAN Muhamad Dhiauddin Hassan IND Sarawak P192 Mas Gading 47,171 Mordi Bimol PH (DAP) Mordi Bimol DAP Lidang Disen PDP Ryan Sim Min Leong PBK P193 Santubong 79,540 Wan Junaidi Tuanku Jaafar GPS (PBB) Mohamad Zen Peli AMANAH Nancy Shukri PBB Affendi Jeman IND P194 Petra Jaya 109,809 Fadillah Yusof GPS (PBB) Sopian Julaihi PKR Fadillah Yusof PBB Othman Abdillah SEDAR P195 Bandar Kuching 109,710 Kelvin Yii Lee Wuen PH (DAP) Kelvin Yii Lee Wuen DAP Tay Tze Kok SUPP Voon Lee Shan PBK P196 Stampin 121,009 Chong Chieng Jen PH (DAP) Chong Chieng Jen DAP Lo Khere Chiang SUPP Lue Cheng Hing PBK P197 Kota Samarahan 82,229 Rubiah Wang GPS (PBB) Abang Abdul Halil Abang Naili AMANAH Rubiah Wang PBB P198 Puncak Borneo 79,969 Willie Mongin GPS (PBB) Diog Dios PKR Willie Mongin PBB Iana Akam PSB P199 Serian 65,273 Richard Riot Jaem GPS (SUPP) Learry Jabul DAP Richard Riot Jaem SUPP Elsiy Tinggang PSB Alim Impira IND P200 Batang Sadong 32,640 Nancy Shukri GPS (PBB) Lahaji Lahiya AMANAH Rodiyah Sapiee PBB P201 Batang Lupar 43,072 Rohani Abdul Karim GPS (PBB) Wel @ Maxwell Rojis AMANAH Hamdan Sani PAS Mohamad Shafizan Kepli PBB P202 Sri Aman 50,164 Masir Kujat IND Tay Wei Wei PKR Doris Sophia Brodi PRS Wilson Entabang PSB Masir Kujat IND P203 Lubok Antu 28,995 Jugah Muyang IND Langga Lias PKR Jugah Muyang BERSATU Roy Angau Gingkoi PRS Johnical Rayong Ngipa PSB P204 Betong 41,743 Robert Lawson Chuat GPS (PBB) Patrick Kamis PKR Richard Rapu @ Begri PBB Hasbie Satar IND P205 Saratok 44,531 Ali Biju PN (BERSATU) Ibil Jaya PKR Ali Biju BERSATU Giendam Jonathan Tait PDP P206 Tanjong Manis 32,948 Yusuf Abd. Wahab GPS (PBB) Zainab Suhaili AMANAH Yusuf Abd. Wahab PBB P207 Igan 28,290 Ahmad Johnie Zawawi GPS (PBB) Andri Zulkarnaen Hamden AMANAH Ahmad Johnie Zawawi PBB P208 Sarikei 55,018 Wong Ling Biu PH (DAP) Roderick Wong Siew Lead DAP Huang Tiong Sii SUPP P209 Julau 34,850 Larry Sng Wei Shien PBM Joseph Salang Gandum PRS Susan George PBDS Larry Sng Wei Shien PBM Elly Ngalai IND P210 Kanowit 30,988 Aaron Ago Dagang GPS (PRS) Mohd Fauzi Abdullah @ Joseph PKR Aaron Ago Dagang PRS George Chen IND Elli Luhat IND Michael Lias IND P211 Lanang 87,356 Alice Lau Kiong Yieng PH (DAP) Alice Lau Kiong Yieng DAP Wong Ching Yong SUPP Priscilla Lau PSB Wong Tiing Kiong IND P212 Sibu 105,875 Oscar Ling Chai Yew PH (DAP) Oscar Ling Chai Yew DAP Clarence Ting Ing Horh SUPP Wong Soon Koh PSB P213 Mukah 46,964 Hanifah Hajar Taib GPS (PBB) Abdul Jalil Bujang PKR Hanifah Hajar Taib PBB P214 Selangau 45,743 Baru Bian PSB Umpang Sabang PKR Edwin Banta PRS Henry Joseph Usual IND P215 Kapit 45,210 Alexander Nanta Linggi GPS (PBB) Khusyairy Pangkas Abdullah PKR Alexander Nanta Linggi PBB Robert Saweng PBDS P216 Hulu Rajang 43,438 Wilson Ugak Kumbong GPS (PRS) Abun Sui Anyit PKR Wilson Ugak Kumbong PRS P217 Bintulu 113,599 Tiong King Sing GPS (PDP) Tony Chiew Chan Yew DAP Duke Janteng BERSATU Tiong King Sing PDP P218 Sibuti 58,522 Lukanisman Awang Sauni GPS (PBB) Zolhaidah Suboh PKR Lukanisman Awang Sauni PBB Bobby William PBDS P219 Miri 143,229 Michael Teo Yu Keng PH (PKR) Chiew Choon Man PKR Jeffery Phang Siaw Foong SUPP Lawrance Lai PSB P220 Baram 59,535 Anyi Ngau GPS (PDP) Roland Engan PKR Anyi Ngau PDP Wilfred Entika IND P221 Limbang 41,999 Hasbi Habibollah GPS (PBB) Racha Balang PKR Hasbi Habibollah PBB P222 Lawas 33,655 Henry Sum Agong GPS (PBB) Japar Suyut PKR Henry Sum Agong PBB Baru Bian PSB

Campaign

Timing of election

Opposition politicians, political analysts and online commentaries criticised the decision to hold the election at the end of 2022 instead of early 2023, which coincides the annual year-end monsoon season. ^{[125] [126] [127]} As Malaysia was already recovering from serious flooding from the previous year, opposition politicians accused the ruling government for being inconsiderate towards flood victims. This condition was also seen by opposition parties as a deliberate tactic to discourage a high voter turnout that could potentially benefit opposition parties. ^{[128] [129] [130]} In response, UMNO president Ahmad Zahid Hamidi, who remarked that the election was to proceed despite concerns of nationwide floods, ^[126] accused opposition parties as "cowards" and "wanting them to buy time" to garner extra support, further adding that his remarks were taken out of context. ^{[131] [132]} Despite these remarks, authorities began preparations in the event flooding occurs during polling day. ^{[133] [134]}

The decision to dissolve parliament early was also seen by several other opposition politicians as an attempt to prevent more BN politicians from being charged with corruption, or in an effort towards pardoning jailed politicians such as former prime minister Najib Razak who was found guilty for his role in the 1MDB scandal. ^[135] This was evidenced by a video online showing Zahid Hamidi speaking at a Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC) general meeting in which he warned other BN politicians that they would be the next ones to be charged should BN lose the election. ^{[136] [137]} Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob said he dissolved Parliament because it was impossible to go on some issues, and that UMNO was pushing for it ever since BN won big in the 2022 Johor state election in March. ^[138]

Youth vote

The 2022 election was the first Malaysian federal election in which the voting age is over 18 as opposed to over 21 previously. Around 6 million new voters, either young or previously unregistered, were expected to participate in the election. ^[139] The 18–20 age group represented 1.39 million first-time voters, and voters aged 18–39 account for about 50% of Malaysia's 21 million registered voters. ^[27]

Outgoing members of parliament

The seats of Gerik and Batu Sapi were left vacant due to the deaths of their respective MPs, Hasbullah Osman (BN-UMNO) and Liew Vui Keong (WARISAN) in 2020. ^{[140] [141]} By-elections were due to be held, but did not materialise due to the declaration of the state of emergency during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. ^[142] The declarations were later revoked by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong following the dissolution of parliament. ^[143]

Members of the 14th Parliament who were not contesting the 2022 election

No.	Constituency	Departing MP	First elected	Party		Date announced	Reason	Refs
P054	Gerik	Hasbullah Osman	2013		BN (UMNO)	16 November 2020	Died in office	[140]
P139	Jasin	Ahmad Hamzah	2008			20 December 2020	Not seeking re-election	[144]
P061	Padang Rengas	Mohamed Nazri Abdul Aziz	1995			28 August 2021		[145]
P085	Pekan	Najib Razak	1976			23 August 2022	Criminal conviction	[146]
P033	Besut	Idris Jusoh	1995			24 October 2022	Not seeking re-election	[147]
P081	Jerantut	Ahmad Nazlan Idris	2013			31 October 2022		[148]
P026	Ketereh	Annuar Musa	1990			1 November 2022	Dropped by party	[66]
P067	Kuala Kangsar	Mastura Mohd Yazid	2016
P073	Pasir Salak	Tajuddin Abdul Rahman	2008				Membership suspended [149]
P155	Tenggara	Adham Baba	2004				Dropped by party
P156	Kota Tinggi	Halimah Mohamed Sadique	2008
P127	Jempol	Mohd Salim Shariff	2018			3 November 2022		[150]
P095	Tanjong Karang	Noh Omar	1995					[151]
P162	Iskandar Puteri	Lim Kit Siang	1969		PH (DAP)	20 March 2022	Retiring from politics	[152]
P102	Bangi	Ong Kian Ming	2013			9 May 2022	Not seeking re-election	[153]
P046	Batu Kawan	Kasthuriraani Patto	2013			20 October 2022		[154]
P208	Sarikei	Wong Ling Biu	2013			23 October 2022	Dropped by party	[155]
P110	Klang	Charles Santiago	2008			26 October 2022		[156]
P106	Damansara	Tony Pua Kiam Wee	2008			26 October 2022	Not seeking re-election	[156]
P060	Taiping	Teh Kok Lim	2018			28 October 2022	Transferred to Aulong state seat	[157]
P070	Kampar	Thomas Su Keong Siong	2013			28 October 2022	Transferred to Ketari state seat	[158]
P048	Bukit Bendera	Wong Hon Wai	2018			30 October 2022	Transferred to Paya Terubong state seat	[159]
P116	Wangsa Maju	Tan Yee Kew	1995		PH (PKR)	18 October 2022	Not seeking re-election	[160]
P009	Alor Setar	Chan Ming Kai	2018			22 October 2022	Dropped by party	[161]
P015	Sungai Petani	Johari Abdul	2008			28 October 2022		[162]
P071	Gopeng	Lee Boon Chye	2008			28 October 2022	Not seeking re-election	[163]
P094	Hulu Selangor	June Leow Hsiad Hui	2018			28 October 2022	Dropped by party	[164]
P105	Petaling Jaya	Maria Chin Abdullah	2018			28 October 2022
P107	Sungai Buloh	Sivarasa Rasiah	2018			28 October 2022	Dropped by party	[165]
P141	Sekijang	Natrah Ismail	2018			28 October 2022	Dropped by party	[164]
P219	Miri	Michael Teo Yu Keng	2013			1 November 2022		[166]
P017	Padang Serai	Karupaiya Mutusami	2018			16 November 2022	Died during campaigning period	[81]
P133	Tampin	Hasan Bahrom	2018		PH (AMANAH)	18 October 2022	Not seeking re-election	[167]
P088	Temerloh	Mohd Anuar Mohd Tahir	2018			25 October 2022	Health issues	[168]
P101	Hulu Langat	Hasanuddin Mohd Yunus	2018			30 October 2022	Dropped by party	[169]
P113	Sepang	Mohamed Hanipa Maidin	2013			30 October 2022	Health issues
P042	Tasek Gelugor	Shabudin Yahaya	2013		PN (BERSATU)	18 June 2022	Not seeking re-election	[170] [171]
P167	Kudat	Abdul Rahim Bakri	2004			12 August 2022
P177	Beaufort	Azizah Mohd Dun	2004			12 August 2022
P154	Mersing	Abdul Latiff Ahmad	1999			16 October 2022
P058	Bagan Serai	Noor Azmi Ghazali	2013			1 November 2022	Dropped by party	[172]
P030	Jeli	Mustapa Mohamed	1995			2 November 2022	Health issues	[173]
P178	Sipitang	Yamani Hafez Musa	2018			2 November 2022	Dropped by party	[174]
P184	Libaran	Zakaria Edris	2018			2 November 2022
P025	Bachok	Nik Mohamed Abduh Nik Abdul Aziz	2013		PN (PAS)	2 November 2022	Not seeking re-election	[175]
P112	Kuala Langat	Xavier Jayakumar	2018		PBM	20 October 2022		[176]
P188	Lahad Datu	Mohamaddin Ketapi	2018			4 November 2022		[177]
P158	Tebrau	Steven Choong Shiau Yoon	2018			4 November 2022		[178]
P140	Segamat	Edmund Santhara Kumar	2018			5 November 2022		[178]
P193	Santubong	Wan Junaidi	1990		GPS (PBB)	30 October 2022		[179]
P201	Batang Lupar	Rohani Abdul Karim	1990			3 November 2022	Dropped by party	[180]
P204	Betong	Robert Lawson Chuat	2018			3 November 2022
P185	Batu Sapi	Liew Vui Keong	2008		WARISAN	2 October 2020	Died in office	[141]
P149	Sri Gading	Shahruddin Md Salleh	2018		GTA (PEJUANG)	2 November 2022	Dropped by party	[181]

Members of the 14th Parliament who lost reelection in the 2022 election

No.	Constituency	Departing MP	First elected	Party
P007	Padang Terap	Mahdzir Khalid	2013		BN (UMNO)
P016	Baling	Abdul Azeez Abdul Rahim	2013
P019	Tumpat	Che Abdullah Mat Nawi	2018
P029	Machang	Ahmad Jazlan Yaakub	2013
P032	Gua Musang	Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah	1964
P041	Kepala Batas	Reezal Merican Naina Merican	2013
P069	Parit	Mohd Nizar Zakaria	2008
P087	Kuala Krau	Ismail Mohamed Said	2004
P125	Putrajaya	Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor	2004
P131	Rembau	Khairy Jamaluddin	2008 [k]
P181	Tenom	Noorita Sual	2018		PH (DAP)
P002	Kangar	Noor Amin Ahmad	2018		PH (PKR)
P010	Kuala Kedah	Azman Ismail	2013
P014	Merbok	Nor Azrina Surip	2018
P018	Kulim-Bandar Baharu	Saifuddin Nasution Ismail	2008
P044	Permatang Pauh	Nurul Izzah Anwar	2008
P083	Kuantan	Fuziah Salleh	2008
P109	Kapar	Abdullah Sani Abdul Hamid	2008
P136	Tangga Batu	Rusnah Aluai	2018
P137	Hang Tuah Jaya	Shamsul Iskandar Md. Akin	2013 [l]
P151	Simpang Renggam	Maszlee Malik	2018
P173	Putatan	Awang Husaini Sahari	2018
P190	Tawau	Christina Liew Chin Jin	2018
P008	Pokok Sena	Mahfuz Omar	1999		PH (AMANAH)
P057	Parit Buntar	Mujahid Yusof Rawa	2008
P074	Lumut	Mohd Hatta Ramli	2008
P108	Shah Alam	Khalid Samad	2008 [m]
P047	Nibong Tebal	Mansor Othman	2013		PN (BERSATU)
P063	Tambun	Ahmad Faizal Azumu	2018
P098	Gombak	Mohamed Azmin Ali	2008
P119	Titiwangsa	Rina Harun	2018 [n]
P124	Bandar Tun Razak	Kamaruddin Jaffar	1999
P129	Kuala Pilah	Eddin Syazlee Shith	2018
P135	Alor Gajah	Mohd Redzuan Md Yusof	2018
P150	Batu Pahat	Mohd Rashid Hasnon	2018
P203	Lubok Antu	Jugah Muyang	2018
P099	Ampang	Zuraida Kamaruddin	2008		PBM
P004	Langkawi	Mahathir Mohamad	1964		GTA (PEJUANG)
P005	Jerlun	Mukhriz Mahathir	2008
P006	Kubang Pasu	Amiruddin Hamzah	2018
P166	Labuan	Rozman Isli	2013		WARISAN
P171	Sepanggar	Azis Jamman	2018
P174	Penampang	Ignatius Dorell Leiking	2013
P175	Papar	Ahmad Hassan	2018
P168	Kota Marudu	Maximus Ongkili	2004		GRS (PBS)
P214	Selangau	Baru Bian	2018 [o]		PSB
P001	Padang Besar	Zahidi Zainul Abidin	2008		Independent
P089	Bentong	Wong Tack	2018
P202	Sri Aman	Masir Kujat	2008

Opinion polls

Polling firm	Dates conducted	Region	Sample size	PH	BN	PN	GPS	W	MUDA	GTA	Ind	Und	Lead	Ref
Merdeka Centre	16 – 18 November 2022	Peninsula	5,497	34%	15%	20%	–	–	–	–	–	22%	PH +14%	[182]
YouGov	8 – 14 November 2022	Malaysia	2,687	35%	18%	21%	3%	1%	–	1%	3%	20%	PH +14%	[183]
Merdeka Centre	5 – 8 November 2022	Peninsula	1,067	35%	21%	22%	–	–	–	–	–	22%	PH +13%	[184]
Merdeka Centre	19 – 28 October 2022	Malaysia	1,209	26%	24%	13%	–	–	–	–	2%	35%	PH +2%	[185]
IDE-Toyo University	21 – 28 October 2022		2,423	31%	28%	13%	–	–	–	–	–	29%	PH +3%	[186]
Endeavour-MGC	7 – 15 November 2022	Peninsula	1,068	34%	34%	30%	–	–	–	–	–	8%	Tie	[187]
O2 Malaysia	5 – 10 October 2022	Malaysia	1,105	39%	26%	17%	4%	3%	4%	1%	7%	–	PH +13%	[188]
ISEAS/YouGov	5 – 30 September 2022		805 [p]	11%	19%	11%	–	–	9%	1%	–	43%	BN +8%	[189]
Merdeka Centre	as of 30 September 2022		–	27%	27%	9%	–	–	–	–	–	33%	Tie	[190]
Ilham Centre	1 Aug – 30 September 2022		1,622	18%	35%	12%	–	–	–	–	15%	21%	BN +17%	[191]
Vodus	21 Jul – 21 August 2022	Peninsula	74,582	20%	23%	16%	–	–	–	–	5%	37%	BN +3%	[192]
		Sabah		14%	17%	13%	–	14%	–	–	5%	37%	BN +3%	[193]
		Sarawak		17%	13%	14%	33%	–	–	–	4%	20%	GPS +16%
Merdeka Centre	as of 30 July 2022	Malaysia	–	23%	28%	13%	–	–	–	–	–	37%	BN +5%	[190]
Merdeka Centre	as of 31 May 2022		–	26%	29%	14%	–	–	–	–	–	31%	BN +3%	[190]
Johor state election	12 March 2022	Johor	1,391,162	26%	43%	24%	–	<1%	3%	1%	<1%	–	BN +17%
Polling firm	Dates conducted	Region	Sample size	PH	BN	PN	GPS	W	MUDA	GTA	Ind	Und	Lead	Ref
Sarawak state election	18 December 2021	Sarawak	746,349	11%	–	–	61%	–	–	–	28%	–	GPS +42%	[194]
Malacca state election	20 November 2021	Malacca	319,689	36%	38%	24%	–	–	–	–	2%	–	BN +2%	[195]
Emir Research	August 2020	Malaysia	2,096	10%	47%	27%	2%	2%	–	6%	–	6%	BN +20%	[196]
Emir Research [q]	15 Jan – 25 February 2020		2,002	30%	53%	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	BN +23%	[197]
Emir Research [q]	5 Sep – 10 October 2019		1,992	43%	39%	–	–	–	–	–	17%	–	PH +3%	[198]
Polling firm	Dates conducted	Region	Total votes	PH	BN	GS	USA	W	–	–	Ind	Und	Lead	Ref
General election	9 May 2018	Malaysia	12,299,514	46%	34%	17%	0.5%	2%	–	–	0.5%	–	PH +12%

Results

Main article: Results of the 2022 Malaysian general election by parliamentary constituency

Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Pakatan Harapan		People's Justice Party	2,442,038	15.74	31	–16
			Democratic Action Party	2,422,577	15.61	40	–2
			National Trust Party	884,384	5.70	8	–3
			Malaysian United Democratic Alliance	74,392	0.48	1	New
			United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation	72,751	0.47	2	+1
		Total		5,896,142	38.00	82	–18
	Perikatan Nasional		Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party	2,259,353	14.56	43	+25
			Malaysian United Indigenous Party	2,102,151	13.55	31	+17
			Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia	305,025	1.97	0	0
		Total		4,666,529	30.07	74	+42
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	2,549,341	16.43	26	–28
			Malaysian Chinese Association	665,436	4.29	2	+1
			Malaysian Indian Congress	172,176	1.11	1	–1
			Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah	23,877	0.15	1	0
			Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress	21,468	0.14	0	0
			Malaysia Makkal Sakti Party	10,660	0.07	0	0
			All Malaysian Indian Progressive Front	7,387	0.05	0	0
			Love Malaysia Party	5,417	0.03	0	0
		Total		3,455,762	22.27	30	–28
	Gabungan Parti Sarawak		Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu	343,954	2.22	14	+1
			Sarawak United Peoples' Party	167,063	1.08	2	+1
			Progressive Democratic Party	84,045	0.54	2	0
			Parti Rakyat Sarawak	67,539	0.44	5	+2
		Total		662,601	4.27	23	+4
	Heritage Party			281,732	1.82	3	–4
	Gabungan Rakyat Sabah		Direct members of GRS	94,085	0.61	4	+4
			United Sabah Party	65,311	0.42	1	0
			Homeland Solidarity Party	29,874	0.19	1	0
			Sabah Progressive Party	5,054	0.03	0	0
		Total		194,324	1.25	6	+4
	Gerakan Tanah Air		Homeland Fighter's Party	88,726	0.57	0	–4
			Parti Bumiputera Perkasa Malaysia	12,061	0.08	0	0
			Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front	4,252	0.03	0	0
			National Indian Muslim Alliance Party	4,136	0.03	0	0
		Total		109,175	0.70	0	–4
	Sarawak United People's Alliance		Parti Sarawak Bersatu	57,579	0.37	0	–1
			Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak Baru	3,053	0.02	0	0
			Parti Bumi Kenyalang	2,311	0.01	0	0
		Total		62,943	0.41	0	–1
	Social Democratic Harmony Party			52,054	0.34	1	New
	Parti Bangsa Malaysia			16,437	0.11	1	–5
	PSM–PRM informal coalition		Parti Rakyat Malaysia	5,865	0.04	0	0
			Socialist Party of Malaysia	779	0.01	0	0
		Total		6,644	0.04	0	0
	Sarawak People's Awareness Party			1,036	0.01	0	0
	Sabah People's Unity Party			541	0.00	0	0
	People's First Party			264	0.00	0	0
	Independents			111,043	0.72	2	–1
Total				15,517,227	100.00	222	0
Valid votes				15,517,227	98.98
Invalid/blank votes				160,340	1.02
Total votes				15,677,567	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				21,173,638	74.04
Source: Election Commission of Malaysia [199] The Star [200]

By alliance

State or federal territory	PH + MUDA		PN		BN + GRS		GPS		Other		Total
	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%
Perlis	29,317	19.77	80,287	54.15	35,365	23.85	–	n/a	3,308	2.23	148,277
Kedah	281,523	23.28	664,720	54.96	235,353	19.46	–	n/a	27,943	2.31	1,209,539
Kelantan	87,293	8.80	631,201	63.66	265,666	26.79	–	n/a	7,411	0.75	991,571
Terengganu	40,645	5.50	460,789	62.34	234,392	31.71	–	n/a	3,270	0.44	739,096
Penang	566,245	59.99	226,173	23.96	143,398	15.19	–	n/a	8,155	0.86	943,971
Perak	641,205	43.29	456,751	30.84	369,848	24.97	–	n/a	13,414	0.91	1,481,218
Pahang	199,918	22.90	330,912	37.91	335,048	38.38	–	n/a	7,010	0.80	872,888
Selangor	1,547,385	52.85	806,717	27.55	509,852	17.41	–	n/a	63,815	2.18	2,927,769
Kuala Lumpur	535,527	62.62	166,056	19.42	136,720	15.99	–	n/a	16,891	1.98	855,194
Putrajaya	5,988	16.34	16,002	43.67	13,692	37.37	–	n/a	961	2.62	36,643
Negeri Sembilan	295,449	44.80	144,835	21.96	212,167	32.17	–	n/a	6,969	1.06	659,420
Malacca	199,267	38.69	159,238	30.92	152,613	29.63	–	n/a	3,923	0.76	515,041
Johor	825,182	42.26	519,661	26.62	598,244	30.64	–	n/a	9,371	0.48	1,952,458
Labuan	5,307	18.67	8,124	28.59	7,416	26.10	–	n/a	7,572	26.64	28,419
Sabah	294,676	27.58	11,303	1.06	403,295	37.74	–	n/a	359,259	33.62	1,068,533
Sarawak	376,592	31.95	35,397	3.00	–	n/a	662,601	56.21	104,278	8.85	1,178,868
Total	5,931,519	38.00	4,701,906	30.12	3,653,069	23.40	662,601	4.24	643,551	4.12	15,608,906
Source: Election Commission of Malaysia (SPR) [201]

By parliamentary seats

State or federal territory	PH + MUDA			PN			BN + GRS			GPS			Other			Total
	Seats	%	+/–	Seats	%	+/–	Seats	%	+/–	Seats	%	+/–	Seats	%	+/–
Perlis	0	n/a	1	3	100	3	0	n/a	2	–	n/a		0	n/a		3
Kedah	1	6.67	9	14	93.33	11	0	n/a	2	–	n/a		0	n/a	3	15
Kelantan	0	0		14	100	3	0	n/a	3	–	n/a		0	n/a		14
Terengganu	0	0		8	100	2	0	n/a	2	–	n/a		0	n/a		8
Penang	10	76.92		3	23.08	1	0	n/a	1	–	n/a		0	n/a		13
Perak	11	45.83	1	10	41.67	6	3	12.50	5	–	n/a		0	n/a		24
Pahang	2	14.29	2	7	50.00	6	5	35.71	4	–	n/a		0	n/a		14
Selangor	16	72.72		6	27.28	3	0	n/a	1	–	n/a		0	n/a	2	22
Kuala Lumpur	10	90.90	1	0	n/a	2	1	9.10	1	–	n/a		0	n/a		11
Putrajaya	0	n/a		1	100	1	0	n/a	1	–	n/a		0	n/a		1
Negeri Sembilan	3	37.50	1	0	n/a	1	5	62.50	2	–	n/a		0	n/a		8
Malacca	3	50.00		3	50.00	1	0	n/a	1	–	n/a		0	n/a		6
Johor	15	57.69	3	2	7.69	1	9	34.62	1	–	n/a		0	n/a	3	26
Labuan	0	n/a		1	100	1	0	n/a	1	–	n/a		0	n/a		1
Sabah	5	20.00	1	1	4.00	1	13	52.00	8	–	n/a		6	24.00	8	25
Sarawak	6	19.35	1	1	3.23		0	n/a		23	74.19	4	1	3.23	3	31
Total	82	36.94	9	73	32.88	36	30	13.51	11	23	10.36	4	7	3.15	17	222
Source: Election Commission of Malaysia (SPR) [201]

State assemblies

Main article: 2022 Malaysian state elections

State / Federal Territory	Barisan Nasional					Pakatan Harapan + Malaysian United Democratic Alliance					Perikatan Nasional					Gerakan Tanah Air					Others / Independents
	Votes	%	Seats	%	±!	Votes	%	Seats	%	±!	Votes	%	Seats	%	±!	Votes	%	Seats	%	±!	Votes	%	Seats	%	±!
Pahang	337,533	38.75	17	38.10	8	188,230	21.61	8	19.05	1	340,378	39.07	17	40.48	9	4,929	0.58	0	0.00		2,125	0.25	0	0.00
Perak	380,816	20.38	9	15.25	18	624,594	42.35	24	40.68	4	456,034	30.92	26	44.07	22	4,277	0.00	0	0.00		9,244	0.00	0	0.00
Perlis	36,301	24.49	0	0.00	10	27,856	18.79	1	6.67	2	77,504	52.29	14	93.33	12	905	0.00	0	0.00		5,646	0.00	0	0.00

Seats that changed allegiance

No.	Seat	Previous Party (2018)		Current Party (2022)
P001	Padang Besar		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P002	Kangar		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P003	Arau		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P004	Langkawi		Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P005	Jerlun		Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P006	Kubang Pasu		Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P007	Padang Terap		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P008	Pokok Sena		Pakatan Harapan (AMANAH)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P009	Alor Setar		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P010	Kuala Kedah		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P014	Merbok		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P016	Baling		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P017	Padang Serai		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P018	Kulim-Bandar Baharu		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P026	Ketereh		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P027	Tanah Merah		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P029	Machang		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P030	Jeli		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P032	Gua Musang		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P033	Besut		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P038	Hulu Terengganu		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P041	Kepala Batas		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P042	Tasek Gelugor		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P044	Permatang Pauh		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P054	Gerik		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P056	Larut		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P057	Parit Buntar		Pakatan Harapan (AMANAH)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P058	Bagan Serai		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P059	Bukit Gantang		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P061	Padang Rengas		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P063	Tambun		Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu)		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)
P067	Kuala Kangsar		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P069	Parit		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P073	Pasir Salak		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P074	Lumut		Pakatan Harapan (AMANAH)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P081	Jerantut		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P082	Indera Mahkota		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P083	Kuantan		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P086	Maran		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P087	Kuala Krau		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P088	Temerloh		Pakatan Harapan (AMANAH)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P091	Rompin		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P092	Sabak Bernam		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P093	Sungai Besar		Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P094	Hulu Selangor		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P095	Tanjong Karang		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P109	Kapar		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P112	Kuala Langat		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P115	Batu		Independent		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)
P119	Titiwangsa		Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu)		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
P125	Putrajaya		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P129	Kuala Pilah		Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu)		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
P133	Tampin		Pakatan Harapan (AMANAH)		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
P134	Masjid Tanah		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P135	Alor Gajah		Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu)		Pakatan Harapan (AMANAH)
P136	Tangga Batu		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P139	Jasin		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (PAS)
P143	Pagoh		Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P146	Muar		Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu)		MUDA
P151	Simpang Renggam		Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu)		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
P154	Mersing		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P165	Tanjung Piai		Pakatan Harapan (Bersatu)		Barisan Nasional (MCA)
P167	Kudat		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Independent
P168	Kota Marudu		Barisan Nasional (PBS)		KDM
P170	Tuaran		Barisan Nasional (UPKO)		Pakatan Harapan (UPKO)
P171	Sepanggar		WARISAN		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)
P173	Putatan		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
P174	Penampang		WARISAN		Pakatan Harapan (UPKO)
P175	Papar		WARISAN		Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (Direct member)
P178	Sipitang		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (Direct member)
P179	Ranau		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (Direct member)
P180	Keningau		United Sabah Alliance (STAR)		Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (STAR)
P181	Tenom		Pakatan Harapan (DAP)		Independent
P183	Beluran		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P185	Batu Sapi		WARISAN		Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (Direct member)
P190	Tawau		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (PBS)
P191	Kalabakan		WARISAN		Barisan Nasional (UMNO)
P198	Puncak Borneo		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Gabungan Parti Sarawak (PBB)
P203	Lubok Antu		Independent		Gabungan Parti Sarawak (PRS)
P205	Saratok		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Perikatan Nasional (Bersatu)
P208	Sarikei		Pakatan Harapan (DAP)		Gabungan Parti Sarawak (SUPP)
P209	Julau		Independent		Parti Bangsa Malaysia
P214	Selangau		Pakatan Harapan (PKR)		Gabungan Parti Sarawak (PRS)

Aftermath

Formation of federal government

In the general election, no individual alliance won the required 112 seats needed for a majority in the Dewan Rakyat to form the next government. ^[202]

On 19 November, Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS) leader Abang Johari said that his party would work together with Perikatan Nasional (PN), Barisan Nasional (BN) and Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) to form the government. ^[203] PN leader Muhyiddin Yassin also claimed to have a sufficient majority to be appointed as prime minister, citing support from PN, BN, GPS and GRS. ^[204] However, BN leader Ahmad Zahid Hamidi said that BN had not negotiated with GPS or PN on forming a government with BN, while also stating that BN MPs already agreed to let him decide who BN would ally with to form a government. ^[205]

On 20 November, In a press conference at around 3:00 a.m. Pakatan Harapan (PH) leader Anwar Ibrahim claimed to have secured a simple majority of 111 seats a to form the next government, but refused to mention which other parties were cooperating. This came not long after Perikatan Nasional chairman Muhyiddin Yassin hinted at being able to form a coalition government but rejected working with PH. ^{[206] [207]}

On 21 November, PH leaders and BN leaders met at the Seri Pacific Hotel. ^[208] Also on 21 November, the deadline for political parties to prove their majority in Parliament to form a government and nominate a prime minister was extended for 24 hours by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, shifting the deadline to the next day. ^[209] Meanwhile, Hamzah Zainudin of PN said that PN submitted over 112 statutory declarations from MPs supporting Muhyiddin for prime minister. ^[210]

On 22 November, Ismail Sabri Yaakob of BN stated that BN would not support either PH or PN to form a government and was prepared to sit in opposition. ^[211] Meanwhile, after discontent from Sarawak over GPS working with PN, GPS stated that it was up to the Yang di-Pertuan Agong to appoint the Prime Minister; while Parti Warisan voiced support for a government with PH and BN. ^{[212] [213]} Also that day, the royal palace stated that after the Yang di-Pertuan Agong reviewed the nominations for prime minister, he found that "no member of parliament has the majority support to be appointed prime minister", so the Yang di-Pertuan Agong summoned Anwar and Muhyiddin to meet him. ^{[214] [215]} After the meeting, Muhyiddin said that the Yang di-Pertuan Agong proposed a unity government between Pakatan Harapan and Perikatan National, but Muhyiddin rejected it as Perikatan National "will not cooperate" with Pakatan Harapan; while Anwar acknowledged that the prime minister had yet to be determined, while stating that "given time, I think we will secure a simple majority". ^{[216] [217]}

On 23 November, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong met with BN and GPS leaders in the royal palace. ^[218] Meanwhile, some members of BN and PN met in St Regis Hotel. ^[219]

On 24 November, Ahmad Maslan of UMNO stated that the party's supreme council has agreed to follow the wishes of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong for BN to join a unity government not led by PN. ^[220] Meanwhile, Perikatan Nasional would consider forming a unity government, stated its secretary-general Hamzah Zainudin; while GRS leader Hajiji Noor stated that GRS would abide by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong's wishes on forming a new government, including if a unity government was formed. ^{[221] [222]} Also, DAP secretary-general Anthony Loke publicly apologised on behalf of his party to the Sarawak government and Sarawak people for any offensive statement by a DAP leader, while DAP chairman Lim Guan Eng apologised as well for "my remarks that may have offended the Sarawak Premier and the GPS Sarawak state government", calling for "a fresh start to cooperate together". ^[223]

Later on 24 November, the royal palace announced that PH chairman Anwar Ibrahim was appointed as prime minister by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Al-Sultan Abdullah, after the Agong conducted a consultation with the Conference of Rulers of Malaysia. ^{[2] [21]} Anwar was sworn in at 5 pm that day, making him Malaysia's 10th prime minister. ^[22] However, Muhyiddin continued to insist that he had the support of a majority of 115 MPs to form the next government and called on Anwar to prove Anwar's majority; this led to former prime minister Najib Razak calling for Muhyiddin himself to prove his 115 MP majority. ^[224] As of 24 November, Anwar has received support from MPs from PH, BN, GPS, Warisan, MUDA and PBM, as well as independent MPs. ^[20] Anwar has pledged to hold a vote of confidence on 19 December 2022, once MPs are sworn into Parliament. ^[20]

On 25 November, both Anwar and GRS leader Hajiji Noor stated that GRS had joined the unity government, supporting Anwar; this resulted in Anwar becoming the first prime minister since Abdullah Ahmad Badawi in 2008 to have two-thirds majority support in Parliament. ^{[23] [225]} Meanwhile, Muhyiddin congratulated Anwar and acknowledged him as prime minister, thanked Anwar for inviting PN to join the unity government, and declined Anwar's invitation, stating that PN would play the role of a "credible opposition" to ensure "corruption-free governance". ^{[24] [226]}

Anwar Ibrahim received the vote of confidence of the parliament on 19 December. ^[227]

International reactions

Following the formation of unity government and the appointment of Anwar as prime minister, organisations such as the European Union, ^[228] the United Nations, ^[228] as well as various head of states and their representative including from Afghanistan, ^[229] Australia, ^[230] Austria, ^[231] Bahrain, ^[232] Bangladesh, ^[233] Brazil, ^[231] Canada, ^[234] China, ^[235] East Timor, ^[236] Finland, ^[228] Germany, ^[237] India, ^[238] Iran, ^[239] Japan, ^[240] Maldives, ^[228] New Zealand, ^[241] Pakistan, ^[242] Qatar, ^[243] Russia, ^[231] Saudi Arabia, ^[244] Somalia, ^[228] South Korea, ^[245] Sri Lanka, ^[246] Sudan, ^[247] Taiwan, ^[248] Turkey, ^[249] the United Arab Emirates, ^[250] the United Kingdom, ^[231] the United States, ^[251] and Yemen ^[252] sent their congratulatory messages.

Some of the head of states of neighbouring ASEAN countries also congratulated Anwar:

•   Brunei: The Sultan of Brunei, Hassanal Bolkiah, sent a congratulatory message to Anwar Ibrahim on 25 November 2022. In the message, he expressed confidence that Anwar's leadership and integrity would allow Malaysia to enjoy "continuous development" for the prosperity of its people, and conveyed his desire to further strengthen the close relations between the two countries. ^[253]
•   Indonesia: The President of Indonesia, Joko Widodo, personally congratulated Anwar Ibrahim through a telephone call on 24 November 2022. Jokowi expressed his wish to meet Anwar "as soon as possible" while Anwar reiterated that Indonesia has been "Malaysia's true ally", further adding that the two countries should continue to deepen economic and cultural cooperation. ^[254]
•   Philippines: The President of the Philippines, Bongbong Marcos extended his well wishes to Anwar Ibrahim through a tweet, describing the latter as his good friend and looking forward to the stability that Anwar's leadership provides for Malaysia as well as for the whole ASEAN region. ^[255]
•   Singapore: The Prime Minister of Singapore, Lee Hsien Loong, sent a congratulatory letter to Anwar Ibrahim on 24 November 2022, shortly after the Istana Negara confirmed Anwar's appointment as the new prime minister. In the letter, Lee congratulated his Pakatan Harapan coalition for their "strong performance" in the election, and noted the "longstanding substantive relationship" between the two countries, adding that the two countries could "do much more together to enhance openness, stability and connectivity" in their bilateral relationship. ^[256] On 25 November, Lee called Anwar to reiterate his congratulations, and invited him to visit Singapore soon; in return, Anwar replied to Lee on Twitter that he would be looking forward to meeting him "at the earliest opportunity". ^[257]
•   Thailand: The Prime Minister of Thailand, Prayut Chan-o-cha, sent a congratulatory message on 4 December 2022 to Anwar on becoming the 10th prime minister of Malaysia. In the message, Prayut was looking forward with Anwar to further enhance bilateral relations between the two countries in both regional and international levels. ^[258] Earlier, the Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand and Health Minister, Anutin Charnvirakul posted a congratulatory message with a video of him and Anwar through his official Facebook account on 26 November 2022. In his message, he wish "may the dual relationship of our two countries soar greater than ever before". ^[259]
•   Vietnam: The Prime Minister of Vietnam, Pham Minh Chinh, sent a message of congratulations to Anwar on 25 November 2022. ^[260]

See also

• 2018 Malaysian general election
• 2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis
• 2022 Malaysian state elections
  • 2022 Perlis state election
  • 2022 Perak state election
  • 2022 Pahang state election
• 2022 Bugaya by-election
• 2023 Malaysian state elections

Notes

1. Polling in 11 stations within the Baram constituency was delayed to 21 November due to flooding, while polling in Padang Serai was also delayed to 7 December due to the death of a candidate.
2. Barisan Nasional named Ismail Sabri Yaakob as its Prime Ministerial candidate, however Ahmad Zahid Hamidi was the central leading figure throughout the election.
3. Excludes BERSATU, which was part of the coalition in the 2018 election but subsequently left and later joined Perikatan Nasional in 2020. The original number of seats and vote share held by Pakatan Harapan as it was in 2018 was 113 seats and 45.68%, respectively.
4. New coalition formed in 2020. These numbers are the total seats and vote share of BERSATU, PAS and GERAKAN in the last election. The parties were previously part of Pakatan Harapan, Gagasan Sejahtera and Barisan Nasional.
5. Total seats and vote share of the parties currently in Barisan Nasional (UMNO, MCA, MIC and PBRS). The total seats and vote share of Barisan Nasional as it was in the last election was 79 seats and 33.77%, respectively.
6. Includes MUDA.
7. New coalition formed in 2018. These numbers are the total seats and vote share of PBB, PRS, SUPP, PDP, and PPSS United in the last election. All parties were previously part of Barisan Nasional and Independent politicians.
8. New coalition officially formed in 2022. These numbers are the total seats and vote share of BERSATU Sabah, PBS, STAR, LDP, PHRS, USNO, SAPP and PCS in the last election. The parties were previously part of Barisan Nasional, United Sabah Alliance and United Borneo Alliance.
9. PBM was in a leadership dispute, with incumbent president Larry Sng claiming he remained party president, while Zuraida Kamaruddin claimed to have been elected president at a general assembly in October 2022. She had been the president-designate since June 2022.
10. The lifting of the state of emergency in the Sabah seat of Bugaya (N66) on 12 October 2022 meant that a state by-election was held simultaneously with the federal election. ^[50]
11. Contested at Sungai Buloh.
12. Contested in Bagan Datuk.
13. Contested at Titiwangsa.
14. Contested at Sepang.
15. Contested at Lawas.
16. Involves ages 18–24 only.
17. Barisan Nasional was tallied as Muafakat Nasional.

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255. Geducos, Argyll Cyrus (25 November 2022). "Marcos congratulates new Malaysian premier Anwar". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
256. Kamil, Asyraf (24 November 2022). "PM Lee congratulates Anwar Ibrahim on his appointment as Malaysia's 10th prime minister". TODAY . Mediacorp . Retrieved 27 November 2022.
257. "PM Lee invites Malaysia's new leader Anwar to visit Singapore". CNA . Mediacorp. 25 November 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
258. "Anwar thanks Thai PM for message of congratulations". The Vibes. 4 December 2022. Retrieved 4 December 2022– via Bernama.
259. "'อนุทิน' ยินดี 'อันวาร์' นั่งนายกฯ มาเลเซีย ขอความสัมพันธ์ 2 ชาติยอดเยี่ยมยิ่งขึ้น" [Anutin congratulates Anwar as Malaysia's prime minister, wishing for better relations between the two countries]. Thai Post (in Thai). 26 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
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External links

• Electoral Commission of Malaysia Archived 9 May 2018 at the Wayback Machine