The National Front is a political coalition of Malaysia that was founded in 1973 as a coalition of centre-right and right-wing political parties to succeed the Alliance Party. It is the third largest political coalition with 30 seats in the Dewan Rakyat after Pakatan Harapan (PH) with 82 seats and Perikatan Nasional (PN) with 74 seats.
The United Sabah Party is a political party of Sabah. The PBS was founded by Joseph Pairin Kitingan in 1985 and it is Sabah's oldest local party. In August 2020, PBS confirmed that they would be using their own logo and flag until Sabah's local coalition is established under Registrar of Societies (RoS). In 2022, Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) is the only Sabah's local coalition that has been successfully registered under the Registrar of Societies (RoS) making PBS interested in using the coalition's logo and becoming part of the coalition's component.
Datuk Seri Panglima Dr. Maximus Johnity Ongkili is a Malaysian politician who has served as Chairman of the Energy Commission of Sabah (ECOS) since February 2023. He served as Minister in the Prime Minister's Department for Sabah and Sarawak Affairs for the second term in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob from August 2021 to the collapse of the BN administration in November 2022, the first term in the Perikatan Nasional (PN) administration under former Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin from March 2020 to August 2021 as well as for National Unity and Integration in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi from March 2004 to March 2008 and the Minister of Energy, Green Technology and Water in the BN administration under former Prime Minister Najib Razak from May 2013 to May 2018, Member of Parliament (MP) for Kota Marudu from March 2004 to November 2022 and for Bandau from April 1995 to March 2004. He is the 2nd President and a member of the United Sabah Party (PBS), a component party of the Sabah People's Alliance (GRS).
Datuk Seri Panglima Dr Jeffrey Gapari Kitingan(born 22 October 1948, also known as DDJK or DSPDJK since 2021) is Malaysian politician who has served as the Deputy Chief Minister of Sabah I since January 2023 and State Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries of Sabah for the second term since September 2020. He served as the Deputy Chief Minister of Sabah II from October 2020 to his promotion in January 2023 and the first term in the position in May 2018. In January 2023, he was appointed as the Deputy Chief Minister I of Sabah succeeding Bung Mokhtar, who was dropped due to a political crisis. At the federal level, he served as the Deputy Minister of Tourism, Arts and Culture from March 2020 to his resignation in September 2020 and Deputy Minister of Housing and Local Government from August 1994 to May 1995. He has served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Keningau since May 2018, Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Tambunan since May 2018 and Bingkor from May 2013 to May 2018. He has served and been founding President of the Homeland Solidarity Party (STAR), a component party of the ruling Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) and a former component party of the federal and state ruling Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition, since July 2016.
The 1985 Sabah state election was held between Saturday, 20 April and Sunday, 21 April 1985. This was the fifth state election to take place. Parti Bersatu Sabah won 25 out 48 seats contested, thus forming government with its president Joseph Pairin Kitingan being sworn in as Chief Minister. This election is a milestone in Sabah political history as it marked the first time that a party not part of the nation's ruling coalition Barisan Nasional (BN) formed government. PBS took control of the state from the previous ruling government under Parti Berjaya—a partner of BN, which has been in power since 1976.
The 1994 Sabah state election was held between Friday, 18 February and Saturday, 19 February 1994. Nomination day was 7 February 1994. The election was one of the most controversial election in Sabah's political history. The election was won by the incumbent ruling party Parti Bersatu Sabah (PBS), winning 25 state electorates against 23 won by the federal government's ruling Barisan Nasional coalition.
The 2008 Sabah state election was held on Saturday, 8 March 2008, simultaneously with the 12th general election of Malaysia. 60 state assembly seats were contested. The election was won by the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition with a similar number of seats won as in the previous election, where they won 59 seats. One seat was won by Democratic Action Party (DAP). In the previous election, BN won 59 seats, while one seat was won by an independent candidate. Other parties contesting in this election are Democratic Action Party, Parti Keadilan Rakyat, BERSEKUTU, Pasok, Setia, and 47 independent candidates. The 25 parliamentary seats were also contested the same time. This is the second time the state election of Sabah is held simultaneously with the general (parliamentary) elections, the first time being in the 2004 general elections.
Tan Sri Datuk Seri Panglima Bernard Giluk Dompok is a Malaysian politician who served as Ambassador of Malaysia to the Holy See from March 2016 to June 2018, Minister of Plantation Industries and Commodities from April 2009 to May 2013, Minister in the Prime Minister's Department from December 1999 to April 2009, 11th Chief Minister of Sabah briefly from May 1998 to March 1999, Member of Parliament (MP) for Penampang from August 1986 to April 1995 and again from March 2008 to May 2013 and Ranau from November 1999 to March 2004 as well as President of the United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation (UPKO) from 1994 to 2014.
Anifah bin Haji Aman @ Haniff Amman is a Malaysian politician who has served as Senator since March 2023, Chairman of the Labuan Corporation since June 2023, Special Advisor to the Chief Minister of Sabah Hajiji Noor on International Relations and Foreign Investments since January 2023 and the 3rd President of the Love Sabah Party (PCS) since July 2020. He served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Deputy Minister of Primary Industries and Deputy Minister of Primary Industries in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Ministers Mahathir Mohamad, Abdullah Ahmad Badawi and Najib Razak and former Ministers Lim Keng Yaik and Peter Chin Fah Kui from December 1999 to the collapse of the BN administration in May 2018 as well as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Beaufort from November 1999 to March 2004 and for Kimanis from March 2004 to August 2019 and for Beaufort from November 1999 to March 2004. He is a member of the PCS and was a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the BN coalition before leaving it to be an independent in September 2018 and joining PCS in 2020.
Political arrests was carried out between 1990 and 1991 to crack down on opposition leaders in Sabah, Malaysia, and their alleged plans to secede the state from Malaysia, allegedly known as Operation Talkak. Seven men were detained under the Internal Security Act (ISA). All seven men were leaders or prominent members the Kadazan Cultural Association (KCA), Institute for Development Studies (IDS), Sabah Foundation, and opposition party Parti Bersatu Sabah (PBS), and were placed under two-year detention orders.
Datuk Seri Panglima Yong Teck Lee is a Malaysian politician who served as the 10th Chief Minister of Sabah from May 1996 to May 1998, Deputy Chief Minister of Sabah from July 1990 to December 1995, Member of Parliament (MP) for Gaya from November 1999 and Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Likas from April 1985 to September 2002. He has served as Nominated MLA of Sabah since October 2020 and 1st and founding President of the Sabah Progressive Party (SAPP), a component party of the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) and Perikatan Nasional (PN), since January 1994. He is also the Deputy Chairman of both GRS and PN.
Tan Sri Datuk Seri Panglima Joseph Kurup was a Malaysian politician who served as 1st and founding President of the Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah (PBRS), a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition from March 1994 to January 2023, Minister in the Prime Minister's Department, Deputy Minister of Energy and Natural Resources and Deputy Minister of Rural and Regional Development in the BN administration under former Prime Ministers Abdullah Ahmad Badawi and Najib Razak from March 2008 to May 2018. He served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Pensiangan from March 2008 to May 2018. He also served as Deputy Chief Minister of Sabah, State Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries, State Minister of Communications and Works, State Minister of Finance, State Minister of Industrial Development, State Minister of Resource Development and Enterprise and State Minister of Youth and Sports of Sabah under former Chief Ministers Joseph Pairin Kitingan, Sakaran Dandai, Salleh Said Keruak, Yong Teck Lee, Bernard Giluk Dompok, Osu Sukam, Chong Kah Kiat and Musa Aman in the BN state administration from 1985 to 2004. He was a founding member of the PBRS and was a member of the Parti Bersatu Sabah (PBS). He was also the father of Arthur Joseph Kurup, the Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Food Security, Pensiangan MP and PBRS President. Kurup died in Kuala Lumpur on 17 April 2024, at the age of 79.
Abdul Ghapur bin Salleh was a Malaysian politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Kalabakan from March 2004 to May 2018. He was a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.
Datuk Seri Panglima Hajah Azizah binti Mohd Dun is a Malaysian politician who served as Chairperson of the Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA) from May 2020 to December 2022 and of the Special Select Committee on Fundamental Liberty and Constitutional Rights from November 2021 to November 2022, Deputy Chairperson of the Public Accounts Committee (PAC) from August 2020 to October 2022, the Deputy Minister of Women, Family and Community Development and Deputy Minister of Housing and Local Government in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Ministers Najib Razak and Abdullah Ahmad Badawi as well as former Ministers Rohani Abdul Karim and Ong Ka Ting from May 2013 to May 2018 and from March 2004 to March 2008 respectively. She also served as the State Minister of Community Development and Consumer Affairs of Sabah in the BN state administration under former Chief Minister Musa Aman from 2008 to 2013. In addition, she served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Beaufort from March 2004 to March 2008 and again from May 2013 to November 2022 as well as Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Klias from March 2008 to May 2013. She is a member of the Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah (GAGASAN), a component party of the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS), was a member of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), a component party of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) as well as formerly Pakatan Harapan (PH) opposition coalitions and was a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the BN coalition. She left UMNO to be an independent in 2018 and later joined BERSATU in 2019.
Homeland Solidarity Party is a Sabah-based political party. The party was founded on 1 July 2016 by Joseph Pairin Kitingan's brother Jeffrey. STAR Party was one of four founding parties of the United Sabah Alliance (USA) founded in 2016, United Alliance of Sabah (UAOS) founded in 2018, and Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) founded in 2020, the other being the Sabah People's Ideas Party (GAGASAN), Sabah Progressive Party (SAPP) and United Sabah Party (PBS).
The United Alliance of Sabah was a political coalition bringing together Sabah-based opposition parties in Malaysia established by Joseph Pairin Kitingan following the fall of the Barisan Nasional coalition in the 2018 Malaysian general election. The new coalition was intended to include the United Sabah Party, Homeland Solidarity Party and remnants of former Sabah BN members, mainly those of the United Malays National Organisation's Sabah branch led by Musa Aman who was rumoured to have intended on joining to PBS. However, no such move materialised, with Musa Aman remaining a member of UMNO and BN.
The 2019 Sandakan by-election was a by-election held on 11 May 2019 for the Dewan Rakyat seat of Sandakan. It was called following the death of incumbent, Wong Tien Fatt on 28 March 2019. Wong was a 2-term Member of Parliament for Sandakan since 2013. He was a member and Sabah state party chairman (2015-2019) of the Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition.
Gabungan Rakyat Sabah, officially Gabungan Rakyat Sabah Party is a Malaysian coalition of Sabah-based parties.
The 2023 Sabah political crisis or widely reported on local media as Langkah Kinabalu or the Kinabalu Move, began on 6 January 2023, when the state government of Sabah led by Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) collapsed when its coalition party Barisan Nasional (BN) withdrew its support. The Leader of UMNO Sabah, a component party of BN, Bung Moktar Radin, Kinabatangan Member of Parliament (MP) and Lamag Assemblyman, cited a lack of confidence in the leadership of Chief Minister of Sabah Hajiji Noor in the withdrawal. UMNO Sabah want to change support from supporting GRS coalition to supporting the WARISAN Plus coalition. On 9 January, both Malaysian leaders, prime minister Anwar Ibrahim and deputy prime minister Ahmad Zahid Hamidi travelled to Kota Kinabalu to meet with Sabah political leaders. This crisis resulted in the approval of the Anti-Switching Parties Law in Sabah (approved in 25 May 2023).
