2018 Sabah state election

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2018 Sabah state election
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All 60 seats to the Sabah State Legislative Assembly
31 seats needed for a majority
 Majority partyMinority partyThird party
  Shafie Apdal July 2018.jpg Sabah Chiefminister Musa-Aman-01.png GS
Leader Mohd. Shafie Apdal Musa Aman Paumin @ Mohd. Aminuddin Aling
Party Pakatan Harapan
Warisan 		Barisan Nasional (UMNO) Gagasan Sejahtera (PAS)
Leader since17 October 2016 (2016-10-17)27 March 2003 (2003-03-27)2012
Leader's seat Senallang Sungai Sibuga Not contesting
(ran in Tuaran - lost seat)
Last election11 seats, 29.6%
(Pakatan Rakyat)		48 seats, 55.78%No seat, 2.76%
(Pakatan Rakyat)
Seats before645Steady2.svg
Seats won29290
Seat changeIncrease2.svg23Decrease2.svg16Steady2.svg
Popular vote398,533355,09111,241
Percentage47.19%42.04%1.33%
SwingIncrease2.svg17.59%Decrease2.svg13.74%Decrease2.svg 1.43%
 Fourth partyFifth partySixth party
  Jeffrey Kitingan.jpg PHRSPCS
Leader Dr. Jeffrey G. Kitingan Lajim Ukin Wilfred Bumburing
Party United Sabah Alliance (STAR) United Sabah Alliance (PHRS) Parti Cinta Sabah
Leader since6 January 2012 (2012-01-06)20162013
Leader's seat Tambunan Klias
(lost seat)		 Tamparuli
(lost seat)
Last election1 seat, 5.63%New partyNew party
Seats before111
Seats won200
Seat changeIncrease2.svg1Decrease2.svg1Decrease2.svg1
Popular vote39,80317,7139,311
Percentage4.71%2.1%1.1%
SwingDecrease2.svg0.92%Increase2.svg2.1%Increase2.svg1.1%
Chief Minister before election

Musa Aman
Barisan Nasional

Chief Minister-designate

Musa Aman
Barisan Nasional

The 2018 Sabah state election took place on 9 May 2018 in concurrence with the 14th Malaysian general election. This election was to elect 60 members of the 15th Sabah State Legislative Assembly. The previous Assembly was dissolved on 7 April 2018.

Contents

Barisan Nasional (BN), with the most seats, would be able to form a minority government alone. But BN and Homeland Solidarity Party (STAR) decided to form a group of 31 seats, which would allow them to form a coalition government. Musa Aman reinstalled as Chief Minister on 10 May 2018.

However, Sabah Heritage Party (WARISAN) (including 6 BN assemblymen who switched allegiance to WARISAN), Democratic Action Party (DAP) and People's Justice Party (PKR), with confidence and supply of United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation (UPKO), managed to form a pact of 39 seats in order to form a coalition government.

Governor Juhar Mahiruddin installed Mohd. Shafie Apdal as the 15th Chief Minister on 12 May 2018. That marks the end of 24-year rule of BN in Sabah and the change of governing party in Sabah for the fifth time since 1963.

Election pendulum

The 14th General Election witnessed 29 governmental seats (later with addition of 10 members from non-governmental seats (6 from UPKO and 4 from UMNO) that decided to support the creation of new state government) and 31 non-governmental seats (later became 21 seats after 10 of them decided to support new government) filled the Sabah State Legislative Assembly. The government side has 11 safe seat and 4 fairly safe seat, while the non-government side has 2 safe seats and 5 fairly safe seats.

GOVERNMENT SEATS
Marginal
MelalapPeter AnthonyWARISAN46.81
LiawanRasinin KautisWARISAN47.75
BanggiMohamad MohamarinWARISAN47.79
PetagasUda SulaiWARISAN47.97
KunakNorazlinah ArifWARISAN48.20
TungkuAssaffal P. AlianWARISAN49.89
BongawanDr. Daud YusofWARISAN50.62
Gum-GumArunarsin TaibWARISAN51.10
SinduminDr. Yusof YacobWARISAN51.90
MerotaiSarifuddin HataWARISAN51.94
Tanjong KaporBen Chong Chen BinWARISAN54.31
Pantai ManisAidi MoktarWARISAN54.52
KarambunaiAzhar MatussinWARISAN54.66
Lahad DatuDumi Pg. MasdalWARISAN55.58
Fairly safe
Tanjong PapatFrankie Poon Ming FungDAP56.20
Tanjong AruJunz Wong Hong JunWARISAN56.23
SekongArifin AsgaliWARISAN56.55
Api-ApiChristina Liew Chin JinPKR57.04
Safe
MoyogJennifer LasimbangWARISAN61.39
InanamKenny Chua Teck HoPKR62.33
KaramuntingHiew Vun ZinWARISAN63.67
ElopuraCalvin Chong Ket KiunDAP68.68
KapayanJanie LasimbangDAP71.95
Sri TanjongJimmy Wong Sze PhinDAP72.00
SulabayanJaujan SambakongWARISAN74.91
SenallangMohd. Shafie ApdalWARISAN75.97
BugayaManis Buka Mohd. DarahWARISAN77.51
LikasTan Lee FattDAP82.57
LuyangGinger Phoong Jin ZheDAP84.38
NON-GOVERNMENT SEATS
Marginal
BingkorRobert Tawik @ NordinSTAR33.19
KundasangJoachim GunsalamPBS37.14
MatunggongJulita MajunkiPBS41.80
KiuluJoniston BangkuaiPBS42.39
PitasBolkiah IsmailUMNO44.40
KliasIsnin AliasnihUMNO44.94
TamparuliJahid JahimPBS45.46
SebatikAbd. Muis PichoUMNO46.70
TambunanDr. Jeffrey Gapari @ Geoffrey KitinganSTAR46.78
BalungOsman JamalUMNO47.08
KadamaianEwon BenedickUPKO47.80
PaginatanAbidin MadingkirUPKO48.84
TempasukMusbah JamliUMNO50.82
Tanjong BatuHamisa SamatUMNO50.92
TandekAnita BarantingPBS51.21
UsukanJaplin AkimUMNO52.40
KemabongJamawi Ja’afarUMNO52.68
SookEllron Alfred AnginPBRS53.21
ApasNizam Abu Bakar TitinganUMNO53.58
Sungai SibugaMusa AmanUMNO53.59
LabukAbd. Rahman KongkawangPBS53.64
Kuala PenyuLimus JuryUPKO54.64
KawangGhulam Haidar Khan BahadarUMNO54.97
SugutJames RatibUPKO55.77
Fairly safe
LumadanMatbali MusahUMNO56.65
MembakutMohd. Arifin Mohd. ArifUMNO57.22
KuamutMasiung BanahUPKO59.00
SukauSaddi Abdu RahmanUMNO59.14
NabawanBobbey Ah Fang SuanUPKO59.52
Safe
KaranaanMasidi ManjunUMNO63.98
SulamanHajiji Mohd. NoorUMNO69.62

Results

The following political parties contested in this election. The following is a summary of results of this election.

Party or allianceVotes%Seats+/–
Barisan Nasional United Malays National Organisation 208,60024.7117–14
United Sabah Party 70,9988.416–1
United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation 33,3953.965+1
Liberal Democratic Party 15,0841.790–3
Malaysian Chinese Association 14,9701.7700
Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah 8,0420.9510
Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia 4,0020.470–2
Total355,09142.0529–19
Sabah Heritage Party 271,44632.1521New
Pakatan Harapan Democratic Action Party 78,9019.346+2
People's Justice Party 47,7235.652–5
National Trust Party 1930.0200
Total126,81715.028–3
United Sabah Alliance Homeland Solidarity Party 39,8034.712+1
Sabah People's Hope Party 17,7132.1000
Sabah Progressive Party 5,0310.6000
Sabah People's Unity Party 1,4910.1800
Total63,9787.582+2
Gagasan Sejahtera Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 11,2411.3300
Love Sabah Party 9,3111.1000
Sabah Native Co-operation Party 3,0590.3600
Sabah Nationality Party 2,0180.2400
United Sabah National Organisation (New) 1470.0200
State Reform Party 1090.0100
Independents1,0790.1300
Total844,356100.00600
Valid votes844,35697.42
Invalid/blank votes22,3692.58
Total votes866,725100.00
Registered voters/turnout1,117,87777.53
Source: lection Commission of Malaysia [1]

Aftermath

Government formation

In the 2018 general election, WARISAN together with the coalition of Pakatan Harapan (PH) are tied up with 29-29 seats with the Barisan Nasional in the election. [2] Jeffrey Kitingan with his party of Homeland Solidarity Party (STAR) under the United Sabah Alliance (USA) which are not aligned from either the two sides, has won two seats in the election and subsequently emerged as the decision maker for the formation of a state government from the two sides. [3] Kitingan then decide to team up with the BN to form coalition state government with him appointed as a Deputy Chief Minister while Musa Aman from BN to become the Chief Minister for another 5 years under the new coalition government. [4] However, the situation changed when six seats assemblymen from the BN allied parties of United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation (UPKO) and United Sabah People's Party (PBRS) switched their allegiance to WARISAN, giving Shafie an advantage with 35 seats which is sufficient to establish a coalition state government. [5] Earlier, Musa Aman had initially been sworn in as Chief Minister following the help of two seats from STAR. This situation has left Sabah with two ruling Chief Ministers, the second time in its history since the dispute between PBS and USNO in 1980s.

The result of these events sparks a constitutional crisis in Sabah, and the need to review and change the current constitution so as to curb the "allegiance switching" of assemblymen, after the swearing-in ceremony of the chief minister. [6] Another four seats assemblymen from BN allied parties of UMNO and UPKO switching their allegiance to WARISAN on 13 May 2018. [7] [8] The Yang di-Pertua Negeri (TYT) Juhar Mahiruddin also had requested for Musa to step down, [9] [10] despite Musa still stressing that he still the rightful Chief Minister. [11] Musa was then issued a letter from the TYT that he is no longer the Chief Minister effective from 12 May 2018 that was delivered into his residence on 14 May 2018. [12] [13]

Snap election

The state government led by Shafie only lasts 26 months, when another constitutional crisis between Shafie and Musa resulted in the Governor of Sabah, Juhar Mahiruddin decision to dissolve the State Legislative Assembly on the advice of Shafie on 30 June 2020. [14] The 2020 election took place on 26 September 2020. [15]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shafie Apdal</span> Malaysian politician

Datuk Seri Panglima Mohd Shafie bin Apdal is a Malaysian politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Semporna since April 1995, State Leader of the Opposition of Sabah since September 2020 and Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Senallang since May 2018. He served as the 15th Chief Minister and the State Minister of Finance of Sabah from May 2018 to September 2020, Minister of Rural and Regional Development from April 2009 to July 2015 and Vice-President of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the ruling Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition. He has served as the 1st and founding President of Heritage Party (WARISAN) since October 2016. He lost the power as Chief Minister of Sabah following the defeat of his coalition WARISAN + in the 2020 state election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Musa Aman</span> Malaysian politician

Musa Bin Haji Aman is a Malaysian politician who served as the 14th Chief Minister, State Minister of Finance from March 2003 to May 2018, Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Sungai Sibuga from February 1994 to September 2020, the former State Chairman of Barisan Nasional (BN) and United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) of Sabah. In April 2023, He become the direct member of Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS). He is the longest-serving Chief Minister of Sabah by holding the position for 15 years and is the older half brother of Anifah Aman, the Special Advisor to the Chief Minister of Sabah on International Relations and Foreign Investments, President of Love Sabah Party (PCS) and former Minister of Foreign Affairs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jeffrey Kitingan</span> Malaysian politician (born 1948)

Datuk Seri Panglima Dr Jeffrey Gapari Kitingan(born 22 October 1948, also known as DDJK or DSPDJK since 2021) is Malaysian politician who has served as the Deputy Chief Minister of Sabah I since January 2023 and State Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries of Sabah for the second term since September 2020. He served as the Deputy Chief Minister of Sabah II from October 2020 to his promotion in January 2023 and the first term in the position in May 2018. In January 2023, he was appointed as the Deputy Chief Minister I of Sabah succeeding Bung Mokhtar, who was dropped due to a political crisis. At the federal level, he served as the Deputy Minister of Tourism, Arts and Culture from March 2020 to his resignation in September 2020 and Deputy Minister of Housing and Local Government from August 1994 to May 1995. He has served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Keningau since May 2018, Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Tambunan since May 2018 and Bingkor from May 2013 to May 2018. He has served and been founding President of the Homeland Solidarity Party (STAR), a component party of the ruling Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) and a former component party of the federal and state ruling Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition, since July 2016.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chief Minister of Sabah</span> Head of Government of a Malaysian state

The chief minister of Sabah is the head of government of Sabah, Malaysia. Since September 2020, the position has been held by Hajiji Noor from the Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah from the coalition of Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) which had won the 2020 Sabah state election. As in other parts of the Malaysian federation, the Westminster Parliamentary system is adopted, whereby, the leader of the party with the most seats in the state legislature would usually become the chief minister of Sabah. In other words, it is the person commanding the support of the state legislature. The chief minister is appointed by the head of state known as the Yang di-Pertua Negeri. In comparison to other states in Malaysia, the office of the chief minister of Sabah has been held by a more diverse group of people in terms of ethnicity and religion. The post has been held by Kadazan-Dusuns, Bajaus, Malays, Chinese, Muruts, Rungus, Sungai, Idaans, and other persons of mixed heritage as well as being Muslims, Buddhists and Christians.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2018 Malaysian general election</span> Election for the Dewan Rakyat in the 14th Parliament of Malaysia

General elections were held in Malaysia on Wednesday, 9 May 2018. At stake were all 222 seats in the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of parliament. The 13th Parliament was dissolved by Prime Minister Najib Razak on 7 April 2018. It would have been automatically dissolved on 24 June 2018, five years after the first meeting of the first session of the 13th Parliament of Malaysia on 24 June 2013.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pakatan Harapan</span> Malaysian political coalition

The Alliance of Hope is a Malaysian political coalition consisting of centre-left political parties which was formed in 2015 to succeed the Pakatan Rakyat coalition. It has been part of a "Unity Government" since November 2022 together with other political coalitions and parties as a result of the 2022 Malaysian general election, and previously for 22 months after it had won the 2018 Malaysian general election until February 2020 when it lost power as a result of the 2020 Malaysian political crisis at the federal level. The coalition deposed the Barisan Nasional coalition government during the 2018 election, ending its 60-year-long reign since independence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 14th Malaysian Parliament</span>

This is a list of the members of the Dewan Rakyat of the 14th Parliament of Malaysia.

The United Alliance of Sabah was a political coalition bringing together Sabah-based opposition parties in Malaysia established by Joseph Pairin Kitingan following the fall of the Barisan Nasional coalition in the 2018 Malaysian general election. The new coalition was intended to include the United Sabah Party, Homeland Solidarity Party and remnants of former Sabah BN members, mainly those of the United Malays National Organisation's Sabah branch led by Musa Aman who was rumoured to have intended on joining to PBS. However, no such move materialised, with Musa Aman remaining a member of UMNO and BN.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yamani Hafez Musa</span> Malaysian politician

Yamani Hafez bin Musa is a Malaysian politician who served as the Deputy Minister of Finance II in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob and former Minister Tengku Zafrul Aziz from August 2021 to the collapse of the BN administration in November 2022, Member of Parliament (MP) for Sipitang from May 2018 to November 2022 and Chairman of FELCRA Berhad from July 2020 to September 2021. In 2019 until 2022, He was a former member of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), a component of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition. He is also the son of Musa Aman, the former Chief Minister of Sabah. In 2023, He is an official member of the Sabah People's Ideas Party, a component of the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) coalition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis</span> Political crisis in Malaysia

The 2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis was triggered after several Members of Parliament (MPs) of the 14th Malaysian Parliament changed party support, leading to the loss of a parliamentary majority, the collapse of two successive coalition governments, and the resignation of two Prime Ministers. The political crisis culminated in a 2022 snap general election and eventual formation of a coalition government.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 Sabah state election</span> 2020 legislative election in Sabah, Malaysia

The 2020 Sabah state election took place on 26 September 2020 to elect all 73 elected members of the 16th Sabah State Legislative Assembly. The previous Assembly was dissolved on 30 July 2020.

Haji Abdul Muis Picho is a Malaysian politician who served as the Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly for Sebatik from 2008 to 2020.

Mohammad bin Mohamarin is a Malaysian politician who has served as Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Banggi since May 2018. He served as the State Assistant Minister of Education and Innovation of Sabah in the Heritage Party (WARISAN) state administration under former Chief Minister Shafie Apdal and former State Minister Yusof Yacob from May 2018 to the collapse of WARISAN state administration in September 2020. He is a member of the Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah (GAGASAN), a component party of the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) coalition. He was member of the WARISAN and United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.

Datuk Jaujan bin Sambakong is a Malaysian politician who has served as the Member of Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Sulabayan since May 2013. He served as the Deputy Chief Minister of Sabah III and State Minister of Housing and Local Government of Sabah in the Heritage Party (WARISAN) state administration under former Chief Minister Shafie Apdal from May 2018 to the collapse of the WARISAN state administration in September 2020. He is a member of WARISAN. He was a member of the United Malays National Organisation of Sabah, a branch of a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.

James bin Ratib is a Malaysian politician who served as Sugut N.48 Division Chief of Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah (GAGASAN) and also an official member of Sugut Division of GRS-GAGASAN. He is also a politician who has served as the State Minister of Community Development and People's Wellbeing of Sabah in the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) state administration under Chief Minister Hajiji Noor since January 2023 and Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Sugut since May 2013. He served as the State Assistant Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries of Sabah in the GRS state administration under Hajiji and Minister Jeffrey Kitingan from October 2020 to his promotion to full ministership of a different portfolio in January 2023. He is a member of the Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah (GAGASAN), a major component party of the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) coalition and was formerly a member of the United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation (UPKO).

Bobbey Ah Fang Suan is a Malaysian politician currently serving in his second term as a Senator. He had served as the Member of Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Nabawan from March 2004 until September 2020. He has also served as the State Minister of Special Duties in May 2018. He is a member of the Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah (GAGASAN), which is a major component of the ruling Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) coalition both in federal and state levels.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2023 Sabah political crisis</span> Political crisis in Sabah, Malaysia

The 2023 Sabah political crisis or widely reported on local media as Langkah Kinabalu or the Kinabalu Move, began on 6 January 2023, when the state government of Sabah led by Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) collapsed when its coalition party Barisan Nasional (BN) withdrew its support. The Leader of UMNO Sabah, a component party of BN, Bung Moktar Radin, Kinabatangan Member of Parliament (MP) and Lamag Assemblyman, cited a lack of confidence in the leadership of Chief Minister of Sabah Hajiji Noor in the withdrawal. UMNO Sabah want to change support from supporting GRS coalition to supporting the WARISAN Plus coalition. On 9 January, both Malaysian leaders, prime minister Anwar Ibrahim and deputy prime minister Ahmad Zahid Hamidi travelled to Kota Kinabalu to meet with Sabah political leaders. This crisis resulted in the approval of the Anti-Switching Parties Law in Sabah (approved in 25 May 2023).

In Malaysian politics, a frog refers to an act where a politician crosses the bench from one party to another (changing support). This term was first coined in during the 1994 Sabah state elections after United Sabah Party losing its majority even the party won the state elections. Despite its usage nationwide, it is more familiar within the state of Sabah. Since May 25, 2023, nine (9) states of Malaysia has approved the Parties hopping prevention law also known as the "Anti-Switching Parties Law" or "Anti-Hopping Parties Law" for both Parliament and State legislative assembly including Sabah and Sarawak.

References

  1. ↑ "Dashboard PRU 14". Pilihan Raya Umum Malaysia 14. Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
  2. ↑ Muguntan Vanar; Fatimah Zainal (10 May 2018). "Hung assembly in Sabah sees intense political horse-trading". The Star. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
  3. ↑ Alyaa Azhar (10 May 2018). "Hung assembly in Sabah, Star to be kingmaker". Malaysiakini. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
  4. ↑ Chok Simyee (10 May 2018). "Jeffrey forms pact with BN to form coalition state government". The Borneo Post. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
  5. ↑ Avila Geraldine; Norasikin Daineh (11 May 2018). "Warisan now has 35 seats, enough to form state government: Shafie [NSTTV]". New Straits Times. Retrieved 12 May 2018.
  6. ↑ "Sabah having two CMs sparks constitutional crisis?". The Borneo Post. 12 May 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  7. ↑ Ruzaini Zulkepli (13 May 2018). "Empat lagi ADUN BN sertai Mohd Shafie?" (in Malay). Astro Awani. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  8. ↑ Fatimah Zainal (14 May 2018). "Two more Upko reps join Shafie". The Star. Retrieved 14 May 2018.
  9. ↑ Rodelio Junjun Taucan (12 May 2018). "Tun Juhar arah Musa letak jawatan". Utusan Malaysia (in Malay). Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  10. ↑ Ruzaini Zulkepli (13 May 2018). "Warisan tidak akan sama dengan UMNO - Shafie Apdal" (in Malay). Astro Awani. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  11. ↑ Fatimah Zainal (13 May 2018). "Musa Aman: I'm still the Chief Minister". The Star. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  12. ↑ "Istana serah surat kepada Musa" (in Malay). Berita Harian. 14 May 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2018.
  13. ↑ Samantha Khor (14 May 2018). "[BREAKING] Musa Aman Is No Longer Chief Minister Of Sabah". Says.com. Retrieved 14 May 2018.
  14. ↑ "Snap polls called for Sabah as Shafie dissolves state assembly". Malay Mail. 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  15. ↑ "Shafie: Fresh polls within 60 days, voters can decide between Musa and me". Malaysiakini. 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
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